差速器壳体工艺及工装设计外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

1、外文文献及译文文献题目：Differentialshellprocessandboringtoolingdesign文献来源：Taylor&Francis文献发表日期：2011年09月01日学生姓名：学号：系别：专业：指导教师：职称：2017年5月19日DifferentialshellprocessandboringtoolingdesignThemotorcarenginepowertransmissionshaftandtheclutch,andfinallytodrivearoundagainassignedhalfshaftdrivewheels,inthisarticle,

2、thedrivepowertransmissionway,itisthefinalassemblyofthemainpartsisreduceranddifferential.Gearreducerisincreased,thefunctionoftorqueandcompletelyongearmeshinggears,betweenareeasytounderstand.Butmoredifficulttounderstanddifferential,what,why"differentialdifferential"?Thecarisdrivencardifferen

3、tialmainparts.Itisinthepowerofbothhalfshafttransmissionshaft,allowingbothhalfwithdifferentspeedspinningwheels,satisfybothpurerollingformaspossible,reducingequidistantnottireandgroundfriction.spiderdiagramObjectgraphtheorydifferentialfunctionalAttheturnofthecarwheeltrackline,ifthecariscirculararc,tur

4、nleftatthecenter,andatthesametime,thewheelswentarclength,thewheelsthantobalancethedifference,left,andrightwheelwheelsslowlySlipdifferentialFaster,withdifferentspeedupthedistance.Ifyoumakeawholeafterwheel,canaccomplishonbothsidesofthewheelspeeddifference,isalsodoesnothaveanautomaticadjustment.Inorder

5、tosolvethisproblem,ahundredyearsago,FranceRenaultautomotivecompanyfounderluisRenaultwilldesignadifferentialthisthing.SlipdifferentialconstituteOrdinarydifferentialplanetarywheelplanetarygear,byplane(differentialshell),halfaxlegearpartsetc.Thepoweroftheengineintothedifferentialtransmission.StructureP

6、lanetarywheelframe,drivendirectlybytheplanetswheeldrive,rightandlefttwohalfshaft,wheeldriveleftandright.Meetthedesignrequirementsofdifferential(left)andtheshaftspeed(right)=2(axialrotationalspeed)planetroundframe.Whenthecargoes,left,rightwheelandplanetarywheelframeofequalspeed,andinastateofequilibri

7、uminthebalanceamongcarwhenturningroundtodestruction,reducethespeed,thewheelspeedincrease.StructurePrincipleThisadjustmentisautomaticdifferentialhere,involves"minimalenergyconsumptionprinciple",namelyearthallobjectsaretendtominimumenergy.Suchagrainofbeansinabowl,beanswillautomaticallystaysi

8、nthebowlbottomandneverstayinthebowlwall,becausethebowlbottomisthelowestenergy(potential),itautomaticallyselectstatic(minimum)withoutenergy.InthesameWheelinturningalsowillbethelowestpowerconsumptiontendency,automaticallyadjustedaccordingtoturnradiusofthewheelspeedaround.A3deffectWhenturningwheel,beca

9、usethepullofthephenomenon,themedialwheelslipphenomenon,twodrivingwheelatwillproducetwooppositedirectionofadditionalforce,duetothe"principleofminimalenergyconsumption,willinevitablyleadtothewheelspeeddifferentsides,thusdestroyedthebalancebetweenthreeandhalfshaftarereflectedbythehalfaxlegearplane

10、tarygears,forcedtoproducethehalfshaftrotationspeed,speed,themedialaxisspeedslowspeed,soastorealizethedifferenceonbothsideswheels.Ifthedrivewheelsonbothsidesofthedriveshaftwithawholerigidconnection,onlytwowheelsatthesameAnglerotation.So,whenthesteeringwheel,duetothelateralthaninsidethedistancemovedac

11、rossthewheels,willmakethescrollwheelontheslide,anddragonthescrollwheelinsidetheslip.Eventhecarrunstraightroadgravamen,becausealthoughflattiresurfaceorrollingradius(butrangingfrommanufacturingerror,weardifferenttyres,rangingfromunevenpressureorcarryingofslidingwheel)andcause.Whenthewheelslidingtirewe

12、ar,notonlyaggravateincreasedpowerandfuelconsumption,stillcanmakesteeringdifficulties,brakingperformancedeteriorated.Asforthewheels,anddoesnotoccurinstructureslidingmustensureeachwheelatdifferentanglescanrotate.Axisbetweendifferentialdrivenwheelsusuallyusebearingspindlesupportinthe,canatanyAnglerotat

13、ion,anddrivewheelswithtwoandhalfshaftrigidconnection,betweentwoandhalfshaftwithdifferential.Thedifferentialandcalledshaftbetweendifferential.Manyofthedriveshaft,andtomakeeachoff-roadvehicledrivetodifferentvelocityrotating,inordertoeliminatethebridgeofthedrivewheels,someintwoaxlesslidingbetweenbetwee

14、nshaftwithdifferential.Differentialinspection1 differentialshelldoesn'thaveanypropertiesofcrack,shellandplanetarygeardifferentialhalfshaftwasher,contactbetweengear,shouldbesmoothwithoutgroove,Ifthereisaslightgrooveorwear,cancontinuetouseaftergrinding,orshouldbereplacedorberepaired.2 theplanetary

15、geardifferentialshellandplanetarygearwheelwhenthefittingclearanceshallnotgreaterthan0.1-0.15mm,halfaxlegearshaftneckandshellholeforclearance,withnoobviouslooselabelsshouldbereplacedorfeeling,orrepair.Shell'sprocessingtechnologyTheprocessingqualitynotonlyaffectsshell,theassemblyprecisionandaccura

16、cy,butalsoaffectsthemovementofthemachineworkingaccuracy,performanceandlife.Therearemanykindsofshellstructure,itssizeandformwiththestructureofthemachineandtheshellinmachinehasthedifferentfunction.Buttheyremainontheanalysisfromthecrafthadalotincommonanditsstructurefeaturesare:(1) appearanceisbasically

17、composedofsixorfiveplaneagainintotheclosed-endpolyhedron,integralandcombinedtwo,(2) structureshapeismorecomplex.Insidethecavityisoften,someplaces"partitionwall,shellanduneventhicknessthin.(3) shellwallsareusuallydecoratehaveparallelholeorverticalhole,(4) ontheshell,mainprocessingisthenumberofpl

18、ane,inadditiontomanyhigheraccuracyandprecisionofsupportingbearingwithlessdemandingtightenpore.Shellpartstechnicalrequirements:(1) bearingsupportsizeprecisionandaccuracy,surfaceroughness,requirements,(2) positionprecisionincludingholeaxisofthedistancebetweenthedimensionprecision,thesameaxisparallelde

19、greeineachhole,andKongDuanfacingthecoaxialtoleranceofverticalaxisholes;etc.(3) tomeettheneedsandpositioningoftheshellprocessingmachineassemblyrequest,shellandassemblyofshellwiththedatumplanepositioningdueandcertaindegree,andthesurfaceroughnessrequirements,Thebearingholeandassemblingacertaindistanceb

20、etweendatumduetotheaccuracyrequirementof.差速器壳体工艺及工装设计汽车发动机的动力经离合器、变速器、传动轴最后传送到驱动桥再左右分配给半轴驱动车轮，在这条动力传送途径上，驱动桥是最后一个总成，它的主要部件是减速器和差速器。减速器的作用就是减速增矩，这个功能完全靠齿轮与齿轮之间的啮合完成，比较容易理解。而差速器就比较难理解，什么叫差速器，为什么要“差速”？汽车差速器是驱动轿的主件。它的作用就是在向两边半轴传递动力的同时，允许两边半轴以不同的转速旋转，满足两边车轮尽可能以纯滚动的形式作不等距行驶，减少轮胎与地面的摩擦。差速器原理图差速器原理实物图功能汽车在拐

21、弯时车轮的轨线是圆弧，如果汽车向左转弯，圆弧的中心点在左侧，在相同的时间里，右侧轮子走的弧线比左侧轮子长，为了平衡这个差异，就要左边轮子慢一点，右边轮子快一点，用不同的转速来弥补距离的差异。如果后轮轴做成一个整体，就无法做到两侧轮子的转速差异，也就是做不到自动调整。为了解决这个问题，早在一百年前，法国雷诺汽车公司的创始人路易斯计出了差速器这个东西。防滑差速器构成普通差速器由行星齿轮、行星轮架（差速器壳）、半轴齿轮等零件组成。发动机的动力经传动轴进入差速器，直接驱动行星轮架，再由行星轮带动左、右两条半轴，分别驱动左、右车轮。差速器的设计要求满足：（左半轴转速）+（右半轴转速）二2（行星轮架转速）

22、。当汽车直行时，左、右车轮与行星轮架三者的转速相等处于平衡状态，而在汽车转弯时三者平衡状态被破坏，导致内侧轮转速减小，外侧轮转速增加。结构示意原理差速器的这种调整是自动的，这里涉及到“最小能耗原理”，也就是地球上所有物体都倾向于耗能最小的状态。例如把一粒豆子放进一个碗内，豆子会自动停留在碗底而绝不会停留在碗壁，因为碗底是能量最低的位置（位能），它自动选择静止（动能最小）而不会不断运动。同样的道理，车轮在转弯时也会自动趋向能耗最低的状态，自动地按照转弯半径调整左右轮的转速。三维效果当转弯时，由于外侧轮有滑拖的现象，内侧轮有滑转的现象，两个驱动轮此时就会产生两个方向相反的附加力，由于“最小能耗原理”，必然导致两边车轮的转速不同，从而破坏了三者的平衡关系，并通过半轴反映到半轴齿轮上，迫使行星齿轮产生自转，使外侧半轴转速加快，内侧半轴转速减慢，从而实现两边车轮转速的差异。驱动桥两侧的驱动轮若用一根整轴刚性连接，则两轮只能以相同的角度旋转。这样,当汽车转向行驶时，由于外侧车轮要比内侧车轮移过的距离大，将使外侧车轮在滚动的同时产生滑拖，而内侧车轮在滚动的同时产生滑转。即使是汽车直线行驶，也会因路面不平或虽然路面平直但轮胎滚动半径不等（轮胎制造误差、磨损不同、受载不均或气压不等）而引起车轮的滑动。车轮滑动时不仅加剧轮胎磨损、增加功率和燃料消耗，还会使汽车转向困难、制动性能变差。