2017-2018学年高中英语五教学案：Unit1SectionⅣ含答案

1、学必求其心得,业必贵于专精Section N LearningaboutLanguage & UsingLanguage对应学生用书P15第一步先疏通课文点上择疑3小题新做1I点点释疑把课文读懂原文呈现COPERNICUSREVOLUTIONARY THEORYNicolaus Copernicug was frightened and his mind was confused.Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion that

2、the earth was not the centre of the solar systems Only if you put the sun there did the movement? of the other planets in the sky make sen. Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea. They believed God had m

3、ade the world and for that reasori® the earth was special and must be the centre of the solar system读文清障revolutionary ? rev? ' lu? ? ? n? rIadj.革命的；重大变革2) Nicolaus Copernicus ' nI? l? s k? ? ' p? ? nIk? s尼古拉哥白尼波兰天文学家学必求其心得,业必贵于专精confusedadj困惑的；烦恼的lead to通向 导致 the solar systemOH系only

4、后接if引导的状语从句,主句使用局部倒装.©movement 'mu? vm? nt n,移动；运动；动作 make sens掰得通;有意义Christian Church基督教教会reasonn. C, U 原因；情理哥白尼的革命性理论第1段译文尼古拉哥白尼很恐惧,他的思绪很乱.虽然他尝试着不去理 睬那些数字,然而,他的所有的数学计算都得出同样一个结论：地球 不是太阳系的中央.只有当你把太阳放在中央位置上,天空中其他 行星的运动才能说得清楚.然而他并不能向任何人讲述他的理论,由于即使他只暗示有这种想法,他都会受到强大的基督教教会势力 的惩罚.他们认为上帝创造了世界,正是由于

5、这个原因,地球才是特殊的,而且一定是太阳系的中央.I I? IThe problem arose becauseastronomers had noticed that some ?planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward and then go forward 学必求其心得,业必贵于专精in a loop?. Others appeared brighter at times and less bright at others? r i Ii Ii Ir i IIo This was very strange if the earth

6、was the centre of the solar system and all planets went round it.Copernicus had thought long and hard? about theseproblems and tried to find an answer. He had collected observationsof the stars and used all his mathematicalknowledge to explain them. But only his new theory could do? that. So between

7、1510 and 1514 he worked on? it, gradually improving误! his theory unti竹误! he felt it was complete.? arisevi. arose,ariserj出现； 发生 产生? backward 'b?kw? d adv&adj.向后地的；相反地的； 退步地的, move backward向后移动? in a 100P呈环状? at times有时；不时? at others= at other times 在其他时间? if引导条件状语从句.? go round= go around= ci

8、rcle 围绕旋转? long and hard良久而又苦苦地? do指代上文的explain? work on从事;研究学必求其心得,业必贵于专精错t!现在分词短语improving.作伴随状语.错t案! until he felt it was complet咙时间状语从句.第23段译文问题的出现是由于天文学家已经注意到天空中的有些行星看似 静止,有些向相反的方向运行,有些在作圆周运动.有时一些行星会 显得比其他的行星更耀眼,而有些却显得比其他的暗.如果说地球 是太阳系的中央并且所有行星都围绕着地球转的话,这些现象就非 常奇怪了 .,哥白尼努力地思考这些问题很长时间了,试图找到一个 答案.

9、他已经收集了那些星星的观察数据,并利用他全部的数学知识 来解释它们.但只有他的新学说才能够做到这一点.因此,在 1510 年到1514年之间,他一直致力于对此进行研究,渐渐地改良他的学说直到他感觉已经完善为止.In 1514 he showed it privately0反！ to his friends. The changeshe made to the old theory were revolutionary He placed a fixedf反！ sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round i

10、t and only the moon still going round the eart/反！. He also suggested that the earth was spinning镐庆！ as it went round the sun and this explained changesin the movement of the planets and in the brightness同庆！ of the stars His学必求其心得,业必贵于专精friends were enthusiast! and encouraged him to publish his ide?a

11、s!, but Copernicus was cautious 作！. He did not want to be attacked by theChristian Church, so镐天! he only published it as'天! he lay同庆！ dying in 154&,错误! privately ' praIvItlI adv私下地；秘密地错tfixed adj.固定的；不动的错误!with the planets going round. . earth为 with 复合结构,作方式 状语.错t吴!spin spInvi.&vt. s

12、pun, spun使旋转；纺线或纱错t! brightness 'braltnlsfi.明亮；亮度；聪颖错 t! enthusiastic In? 0 jQ zI!?stIk adj 热情的；热心的错误！ encourage sb. to do sth 鼓励某人去做某事错t吴！ cautious'k ? ? ? sadj小心的;谨慎的错tso连接并列分句,表示因果关系.错t!as至旬末为时间状语从句.错误！ lievi. lay, lain月尚第4段译文1514年,哥白尼私下里给他的朋友们看了他的新理论.他对旧理论所做的改动是革命性的.他把固定的太阳放在太阳系的中央,别的行星都

13、围绕太阳转动,只有月亮仍然围绕地球转动 .他还认为,地球学必求其心得,业必贵于专精在围绕太阳运转的同时也在自转,这就解释了行星运行和星体亮度上的变化.他的朋友都热情地鼓励他把他的想法公之于世 ,而哥白尼 却小心谨慎.他不想遭到基督教教会的攻击, 所以他直到1543年临 终之前才公布了这一观点.Certainly he was right to be careful The Christian Church rejectedtheory is now th镐庆！ his theory, sayin(gRM! it was agains秽God' s idea and people who

14、 supported it would be attacked Yet Copernicus basis同'天! on which镐庆！ all our ideas of the universe;0反！ are built. His theory replaced反！ the Christian idea of gravity, which! said things fellt,错误！,. 一.to earth because God created the earth as the centre of the universe.Copernicus showed this was

15、obviously wrong Now people can see that there is a direct link between his theory and the work of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking.错tm ! reject rI'd? ektvt拒绝;不接受;抛克错误！现在分词短语 sayingit was againstGod s idea. 作方式状 语.saying后跟两个宾语从句,其中第二个宾语从句中含有 who引导 的定语从句 who supported it修饰 people错

16、误！ be agains反对；违背be for支持；赞同学必求其心得,业必贵于专精错误！ basis no C根底错误！on which all our ideas. 为定语从句, 修饰 the basis错tM! universe 'ju? nIv? ? sn.宇宙;世界错误！ replacevt.取代错t!which引导定语从句,修饰先行词 gravity.错误! createvt.创造； 产生； 制造第5段译文当然他小心是正确的.基督教教会拒绝接受他的理论,说这种理论违背了上帝的旨意,而任何支持这种理论的人都将受到打击.然而现在哥白尼的理论却是我们的宇宙观建立的根底.他的理论还取

17、 代了基督教教会对地球引力的看法,他们认为物体掉到地球上是因 为上帝把地球设定为宇宙的中央.哥白尼证实这显然是错误的.今 大人们可以看到他的理论和艾萨克牛顿、阿尔伯特爱因斯坦、 斯蒂芬霍金的研究工作有着直接联系,卜题精做把课文读通Step 1 Read the text and answer the following questions1. How many scientists are mentioned in this passage? Who are they?Four_scientists ._Nicolaus Copernicus,学必求其心得,业必贵于专精Isaac Newton

18、, Albert Einstein and StephenHawking.2. What' s the main idea of the passage?The passage mainly tells us aboutCopernicus revolutionary theory and hiscontribution to the field of astronomy.Step 2 Choose the best answers according to the text1. What made Copernicus frightened and confused?A. The f

19、act that the earth was the centre of the solar system.B. The conclusion that the sun was the centre of the solar systemC. The fact that the earth goes around the sunD . The fact that God made the world.2. Why didn't Copernicus publish his theory immediatelyA. Because he didn ' t think it was

20、 complete.B. Because he was afraid of being attacked by the Christian Church.C. Because his friends forbade him to do so.D . Because no one supported his ideas学必求其心得,业必贵于专精3. When did Copernicus publish his theoryA. After his deathB. Before he told his friends about it.C. As he lay dying in 1543His

21、theory was never published4. All the following statements make it strange if the earth was the centre of the solar system EXCEPT that.A. some planets in the sky seemed to stop or move backwardB. some planets in the sky appeared brighter at times and less bright at othersC. some planets in the sky se

22、emed to go forward in a loopD . the sun goes around the earth5. What's the Christian Church ' attitude towards Copernicus theory?A. The Christian Church objected to his theory.B. The Christian Church was in favour of his theory.C. The Christian Church paid much attention to his theoryD . The

23、 Christian Church thought highly of his theory答案：15 BBCDA第二步再学句新知【识记清单重点讦析课时检涮识记清单把根底打牢学必求其心得,业必贵于专精一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多I .根底词汇1.chartn.图表2.positiveadj积极的；肯定的；确实的3.backwarqdv.& adj 向后地 的；相反地的;退步地 的4.spinvio &vt.使旋转;纺线或纱5.universen.宇宙;世界n.拓展词汇1. constructs .建设;修建一 construction1.建设;建筑物2.contrib

24、ute vt. &vi. 捐献； 贡 献； 捐助contributions 奉献； 捐款3.movemenh.移动；运动；动作1.“图表表达法小结chart图表pie chart饼状图graph曲线图 table表格picture 图画 cartoon 卡通画；漫画2.wards,后缀词茶萃© backward adv.&adj.向后地 的 afterwards adv.后来downward adu 向下 eastwards adv.向东upwards adv.向上；往上 northwards adv.向北 outwardsadv 向外forward adv将来；今后

25、；向前； 前进3.A BB型不规那么动词一览spunrspun-spun 使旋转学必求其心得,业必贵于专精一move v.移动；搬动4.enthusiastiadj.热情的;热心的 fenthusiasm!.热情；热心5.cautiouadj.小心的；谨慎的一 caution n.小心；谨慎6.reject vt.拒绝；不接受；抛 克rejectionn. 拒绝 拒绝接受； 厌克dugrdugrdug 挖stuckf stucCstuck 车丁住；刺struckf struck-struck 打； 击stungstuncg-stung 刺； 叮4.“态度词集锦positive积极的negati

26、ve消极的objective客观的doubtful怀疑的approving满意的学必求其心得,业必贵于专精二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块l.apart from除 之外；此外2. . (be) strict w让h .对严格的3. make sens讲得通;有意义4. lead_to通向；与致5. come_to_an_end吉束6. at_times有时7. make_room_for 为腾地方8. .be_responsible_foi对负责1.do scientific job科学工作2. work experience 工作经验3. develop a severe 川ness

27、得了一种严重的疾病4. the fireworks display 火表演5. the centre of the solar system太阳系的中央6. for that reason 由于另B个原因7. go around the earth 围着地球转8. on the basis 基于三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1 o I had expected it tobe betterexpect使用过去完成时,表Ihad_expected_the_weat学必求其心得,业必贵于专精我本期望会更好.示“本期望".her_to_bebetter,_but it turned ou

28、tto be worse我本期望着天气会变得好些,结果却变得更 糟糕.2.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放 在中央位置上,天空 中其他行星的运动 才能说得清楚.“only+状语从句位于 句首时后面 的上旬需用 局部倒装.Only when we had studied the data again did_we_realize that there was a mistake 只有当我们再次研究 了这些数据的时候,我 们才意识到出

29、了一个 错.3.He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system withwith的复合结 构在句中作 状语.With the little boy leading_the_way,_we found the house easily学必求其心得,业必贵于专精the planets goinground it.他把固定的太阳放在太阳系的中央,别的行星都围绕太阳转动由于小男孩带路,我们很容易找到了这所房子.重点详析将新知全握第一板块核心词聚集释1 .(教材 P4) Look at these simple verbs and make

30、 anotheconstruction usingmake- a+ noun.看这些简单动词并用“ mak叶a+ noun构成另一个结构.construction n. U建设；C建筑物construct vt.建设； 修建(be) under construction= ( be) being constructed正在建设中 They are planning to construct a new supermarket他们正在方案建造一个新的超市.2)The new airport_under construction lies in the east of the city.=The

31、new airport being constructed (construct) lies in the east of学必求其心得,业必贵于专精the dty.正在修建的新机场位于该市的东部.2 . contributevt.&vio 捐献；奉献；捐助 contribute to有助于;促使；与致contribute .to . 向捐献 / 捐赠contribution n,奉献；捐款make a contribution/contributions to (doing)sth.对作出奉献©Finally, some good English study websites

32、 contribute a lot to myimprovement in English (2022 山东高考写作)最后,一些好的英语学习网站也对我的英语提升起了很大作用 Everyone is willing to contribute food and clothes_to the homeless people.每个人都愿意为无家可归的人捐献食物和衣服O©Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some contribution

33、s (contribute) to the cl ass参加比赛对我来说是一次难得的展示我的舞蹈才能的好时机,并对班级作出奉献学必求其心得,业必贵于专精名师点津表示“引起；与致；有助于的词语还有cause, leadto, result in 等.3 .教材 P4Apart from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases除了以上提到的结构,你也学过下面的词组.apart from除之夕卜；止匕夕卜 Apart from being fun and good exercise,

34、swimming is a very useful skillo游泳,除了有趣和锻炼身体之外,还是一项很有用的技能. Apart from them, I had no one to talk to.除他们之外,我找不到说话的人. Apart_from_some spelling mistakes,_thecomposition is fairly good.除了一些拼写错误,这篇文章写得很不错.辨析比拟 apart from, besides, except, except forapartfrom既可以表示besides勺含义,也可以表示except或except for的含义beside

35、s“除了之外还有,除去的东西包括学必求其心得,业必贵于专精在范围内,相当于 in addition to/as well asexcept“除了之外,指从同类的人或物中排除exceptfor表示从整体情况来看,要排除其中的局部特殊情况用 besides, exce瞰 except for代替下歹U旬中的 apart from Will there be anyone else we know at the party apart from Will andJanet besides You can have any one of the cakes apart from this q nexc

36、ept The road was empty apart from a few cars.except for4.教材 P7Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sen se只有当你把太阳放在中央位置上,天空中其他行星的运动才能说 得清楚.make sensed得通； 有意义make no sense没道理；没意义make sense of理解;弄懂in a sense从某种意义上来说t make sensein no sense决不；决非位于句首时,句子用局部倒

37、装 This sentence he has made doesn学必求其心得,业必贵于专精= This sentence he has made makes no sense.他造的这个句子没有意义. What she says is true with a sense.从某种意义上讲,她所说的是正确的.In no sense should you lose heart keep tryinging and you will make it sooner or later.你决不应该灰心丧气.继续努力,你迟早会成功的.5.(教材 P7)His friends were enthusiasti

38、c and encouraged him to publish his ideas, but Copernicus was cautious.他的朋友都热情地鼓励他把他的想法公之于世,而哥白尼却小心 谨慎.enthusiasticadj.热情的;热心的(1 be enthusiastic about非常喜欢be enthusiastic to do sth. 非常喜欢做某事(2) enthusiasmn.热情；热心enthusiasticallyadv热情地；热心地 David is very enthusiastic about the project.大卫对这次方案很热心.2) She&#

39、39; s very enthusiasto_read (read) the novels written by Mo 学必求其心得,业必贵于专精Yan.她非常喜欢读莫言的小说. Although she's a beginner, she played with great enthusiasm (enthusiastic.虽然她是个新手,但演奏时却充满了激情.cautiousadj.小心的；谨慎的；细心的(1)be cautious of/about (doing) sth谨防 / 谨慎(2)cautionn.细心；谨慎with caution= cautiouslyadv.仔细地

40、；谨慎地 He is usually cautious about his work.他通常对他的工作持谨慎态度.You should cross a busy street with caution=You should cross a busy street cautiously cautious).穿过一条繁忙的马路时要小心谨慎.6.(教材 P7)The Christian Church rejected his theory saying it was against God's idea and people who supported it would be attacke

41、d基督教教会拒绝接受他的理论,说这种理论违背了上帝的旨意,学必求其心得,业必贵于专精而任何支持这一理论的人都将受到打击.rejecVt.拒绝雇用、录取等；不接受提议、建议等;抛克;因质量不好而废充写出以下句中reject的含义 They rejected his application for membershiptm It is hard for me to reject religious belief趟充 He rejected the suggestions his friends had giv enF 接受辨析 比拟reject, refuserejec t常用于正式场合,后面常接

42、名词,不接不定式refu se普通用词,后接双宾语、名词或不定式,不接不定式的复合宾语和宾语从句He kept silent and refused to answer my question I have been rejected by all the universities I applied toU第二板块I重点句型解构1. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sen se学必求其心得,业必贵于专精只有当你把太阳放在中央位置上,天空中其他行星的运动才能

43、说得清楚.only放在句首修饰状语通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等时,句子需要局部倒装,即把助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语之前. Only if you take more exercise will you be able to keep fit只有多锻炼,你才能保持身体健康.Only recently have I had time to read the book.直到最近我才有时间读这本书.Only in this way can we live imore comfortable and beautiful surroundings.2022 福建高考书面表达只有用这种方式我们

44、才能生活在更舒服、更美丽的环境中.名师点津 如果only修饰的不是状语,即使放在句首主句也 不倒装. Only those who accept this reality can lead a really full life只有那些接受这个现实的人才能过上真正丰富的生活.2. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it.学必求其心得,业必贵于专精他把固定的太阳放在太阳系的中央,别的行星都围绕太阳转动with the planets going round it是

45、“亚帅+宾语+宾语补足语结 构,在句中作状语,表示原因、条件、伴随等.此外,此结构还可作后 置定语.错误！©With the meal over we all went home.吃完饭后,我们都回家了.©With a lot of difficult problems to settle (settle), the new manager works far into the night every day.由于有很多难题要解决,新经理每天工作到深夜.With his mother helping (help) him, he is getting along well

46、with his work.在妈妈的帮助下,他的工作进展良好.With the key lost (lose), he had to wait for his mother outside thedoor.钥匙丢了,他不得不在门外等妈妈课时检测把知能落实课堂刻钟迁移练习对应学生用书P20学必求其心得,业必贵于专精I o单句语法填空1. Mary was rejected (reject) by the company she applied to last year.2. Apart from its low price, the advantage of this car lies in i

47、ts good quality.3. He has made an important contribution (contribute) to the , _ _ company s success.4. . We explained our plans and he was very enthusiastic (enthusiasm about them.5. I've alwaysbeen very cautious about/of giving my addressand telephone number to strangers.6. With a lot of homew

48、ork to finish (finish), I can't go skating with you.n.补全句子1. We contributed_a_10t_of money_to the earthquake fund last year.去年我们向地震基金会捐赠了很多钱.2. Can you make sense of what the foreigner said just now?你能理解这位外国人刚刚说的话吗？3. Only_if_you_study hard_will_you pass the final examination只有努力学习,你才能通过期末测试.学必求

49、其心得,业必贵于专精4. He lay on the grass with his eyes looking at the sky.他躺在草地上,眼望天空5. All the staff are enthusiastic about the project which will benefitthem greatly.所有员工都很热衷于这个会给他们带来巨大利益的工程O6. The new suspensionbridge designedby the famous architect isunder construction/being constructed now.这位著名的建筑师设计的新

50、悬浮桥正在建设之中课一二层级提能练习对应课时KM踪检测P101本课语言点针对练习I O单词拼写1. These are the people that have contributed 奉献more to thedevelopment of the Interne t2. He finished the work in a positive积极的way.3. Be cautious、心、when climbing the mountain.4. He was rejected 拒绝by all the employers and he felt quiteupset学必求其心得,业必贵于专精5

51、. His grandmother used to make a living by spinning纺thread6. He walked backward 向后before turning and ran away7. Constructing 建造the new building cost him great money andenergy.8. A cautious 谨慎的driver never drives his car too fast.9. The trade union movement 运动is concerned with workingconditions.10. A

52、s can be seen from the chartUB表, more and more people own mobile phones in China nown.单句改错1. Getting up early will contribute to improve your health.improving improving2. Read this and tell me if it makes a sensed a3. I expected to see Lang Lang at the concert but he did not turn up.I 后力口 had4. . Wi

53、th all the work finish , they hurried back home for lunch.finishecH finished5. The bridge under the construction will be open to public nextyear去掉 the学必求其心得,业必贵于专精6. He was very strict in himself when he was young.wtthwith7. Apart his nose, he is good.looking.Apartt力口 from8. He said that he had reje

54、cted by his ideal universihad后力口 been mo选词填空reject, with, contribute . to . ., with caution, only if, make sense be strict with, under construction, apart from be enthusiastic about1. Apart from their house in London, they also have a villa in Spain.2. If you are a teacher you should be strict with

55、every student.3. Most of the factories under construction have been designed by Chinese engineers4. . Though too old to work much , the retired worker is_enthusiastic about neighborhood affairs.5. He thought he would be rejected from the factory because of poor health.6. My father contributed a lot

56、of booksjo the Hope Project.7. Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to school.8. We live in a house with many flowers around it.9. It makes senseo take care of your health, for it is the most学必求其心得,业必贵于专精 importanto10. The old man stepped down the stairs with caution本单元语言点温故练习I.单句语法填空1. To her, money spent (spend) is more than money earned(earn).2. Once the fall comes there will be many fallen