小学英语知识系统总结

1、小学英语知识系统总结语言知识有意义语境中的训练文化语言技能表达性技能目录态度文化语言知识听读说写附表一、26个字母附表二、48个音标附表三、元音字母在重读开、闭音节中的读音附表四、常见元音字母组合在单词重读音节中的读音附表五、名词单数变复数附表六、代词的变化附表七、基数词与序数词附表八、句子的种类附表九、动词的时态附表十、常用短语附表十一、常见词汇附表十二、日常交际用语态度：1、具有学习英语的愿望和兴趣2、养成良好的英语学习习惯文化：乐于了解英语文化语言知识：1、语音：能正确读写26个字母（附表一）能正确认读英语48个音标（附表二）能初步运用原因字母在重读开、闭音节中的读音规则拼读单词朗读及简

2、单会话时语音、语调、句子重音和停顿基本正确2、词汇：初步掌握500多个单词，一定数量的习惯用语3、语法：初步学会最基本的语法知识4、日常交际用语：能在一定情景下围绕30多个日常交际用语进行简单会话听：1、在单词和句子中辨别英语的基本因素2、在课上和游戏中能听懂并执行简单口头指示3、辨别和理解语调类型4、理解所听简单会话和故事的内容5、理解所听故事内容，并回答简单问题6、理解所听篇章，并回答简单问题7、在口头交际中能听懂内容，并做出行为上的反应读：1、能借助汉语读懂文字内容，并做到理解、记忆和回忆2、能对自己所喜欢的语言材料产生感情上的交流和共鸣3、能够阅读与教材难易相当的对话或短文说：1、能准

3、确模仿较短的单词和简单句，语调正确、发音准确、反应恰当2、能基本读出符合读音规则的单音节词3、能朗读简单书面材料，节奏正确，语调规范、流畅，单词发音准确4、能简单回答针对课文内容的问题5、能简单复述课文6、能看图复讲简单的故事写：1、能正确抄写、默写大小写字母2、能正确抄写单词3、能正确抄写句子4、能书面回答与课文有关的问题附表26个字母7顺序AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhliJjKkLIMm归类、读音、NnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZzeiAeiHJdeiKkeii：Ei：eitCsi:Ddi:Gdi:Ppi:Tti:aiIaiVvi:uOuBbi:ju：Uju:Ywai

4、eWdblju:a：Qkju:LelMemNenSesXeksZzedFef附表二48个音标国际音标48个兀音20个单元音12个i:iea:uu:双元音8个eiaiiiuauu辅音28个清浊成对的辅音10对ptkfsttrtsbdvzddrdz单个辅音8个mnIrhwj附表三元音字母在重读开、闭音节中的读音例词字母"音节开音节闭音节aeicake,tablehavebag,hatwhat,wantei:she,theseepen,bediaikite,bikei:ship,biggiveichildaiouno,nosecome,somehot,dogsonuju:ue,studen

5、tblue,ruJeru:but,cupputu附表四常见元音字母组合在单词重读音节中的读音areaorouoweara:i:auuicarmeathorsecloudyyellowhearfarmcleansportaboutwindowdearknownear:e:usnowwarmbreadworkercouldgrow:readyworldwouldeartheiauearlyu:nowgreatgrouphowiideabrownpear附表五名词单数变复数情况构成方法例词一般情况词尾加sbikebikes以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词加esglassglassesboxboxes以辅

6、音字母+y结尾的词去y力口iescitycities以f，fe结尾的词去f，fe力口vesshelfshelvesknifeknives以0结尾的词多数加estomatotomatoes不规则的词manmen,womanwomen，childchildren附表六代词的变化分类人称单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第人称第二人称第三人称人称主格Iyouhe,she,itweyouthey代词宾格Meyouhim,her,itusyouthem物主形容词性myyourhis,her,itsouryourtheir代词名词性mineyourshis,hers,itsoursyourstheirs指示

7、代词this,that,these,those疑问代词who,whose,what不定代词some,any,every,many,much附表七基数词与序数词数字基数词序数词缩写数字基数词序数词缩写数字基数词1onefirst1st11eleveneleventh11th21twenty-onr2twosecond2nd12twelvetwelfth12th29twenty-nine3threethird3rd13thirteenthirteenth13th30thirty4fourfourth4th14fourteenfourteenth14th40forty5fivefifth5th15f

8、ifteenfifteenth15th50fifty6sixsixth6th16sixteensixteenth16th60sixty7sevenseventh7th17seventeenseventeenth17th70seventy8eighteighth8th18eighteeneighteenth18th80eighty9nineninth9th19nineteennineteenth19th90ninety10tententh10th20twentytwentieth20th100onehundred注：1.一般情况下在基数词词尾加“th”，即构成序数词，但要注意表中带的词。2. 以

9、“y”结尾的基数词去掉y”加eth”口：thirtythirtieth。3. 以one至nine结尾的多数基数词，只把个位数词变为序数词，其他位数词不变。如：twenty-one变成twenty-first。附表八句子的种类种类例句陈述句肯定陈述句Thatismyschoolbag.否定陈述句Thisisn'myschoolbag.疑问句一般疑问句Isityourjacket?特殊疑问句Whosejacketisit?祈使句Becarefullynexttime.Don'readinbed.感叹句Whatanicedress!附表九动词的时态种类构成例句一般现在时主语+rstu

10、dystudies（第三人称单数）IstudyinGuangmingPrimarySchool.MybrotherstudiesinYuyingPrimarySchool.现在进*amIamplayingchess.行时主语+<is+playing（动词+ing）Sheisplayingthepiano.、AreTheyareplayingfootball.一般过去时主语+studied（过去式）Tomgotupverylateyesterday.一般将willMyfatherwillgotoworktomorrow.来时主语+<+studyWeshallgototheparkto

11、morrow."shallHeisgoingtothemuseumtomorrow.注：1.动词第三人称单数一般动词词尾加“s”或eS'，以“”结尾动词去y”加eS”如：helphelps,gogoes,studystudies2.在一般过去时中，用动词的过去式。一般动词词尾加“ed”，不规则的动词要逐个记，如：workworked，is，amwas，arewere，gowent，dodid，have，hashad。附表十常用短语abit（一点儿）goby（经过）lookafter（照顾/关心）abottleof（一瓶）gofor（去找）lookat（看/考虑）acupof（

12、一杯）gotoschool（上学）lookup（向上看）aglassof（杯）gohome（回家）lookout（注意/照料）alotof（许多）gotobe（d上床睡觉）listento（听）apairof（一对）gosailing（去航行）nexttime（下次）apieceof（一片）goskating（去滑冰）onduty（值班/上班）allthetime（始终）goonatrip（旅行）playchess（下棋）athome（在家）goover（复习）playcards（打扌卜克）atweekend（在周末）havebreakfas（t吃早饭）playfootball（踢足球）beg

13、oodat（擅长做）haveacold（感冒）playthepiano（弹钢琴）bringto（使用）havearest休息一会儿）rideabike（骑自行车）comeback（回来）haveagoodideastayup（不睡觉/熬夜）comehome（回家）（有一个好主意）skiprope（跳绳）dohomework（做作业）havenoidea（不知道）speakEnglish（说英语）falldown（跌倒）havesportstakeapicture（照相）flyakite（放风筝）（进行体育锻炼）takeamessagegetto（到达/开始）haveto（必须/只好）（带口信）

14、getup（起床）holdon（等一下/继续）takemedicine（吃药）geton（上车）keepsilen（t保持沉默）turnon（打开）getoff（下车）keepoff（让开）turnoff（关闭）getready（准备好）lastweek（上周）turnright（向右转）turnleft（向左转）waitfor（等候/等待）附表十1、head（头）6、mouth（口、嘴）2、hair（头发）7、arms（臂）3、ear（耳朵）8、hands（手）4、eye（眼睛）9、legs（腿）5、nose（鼻子）10、feet（脚）常见词汇driver驾驶员workertailornur

15、seactor工人裁缝护士演员coachsalesgirlsalesman教练女售货员售货员dentistpolicemanwaiter牙医警察服务员sailorcookengineer水手厨师工程师batbear蝙蝠熊bee蜜蜂bird鸟deer鹿fox狐狸frog青蛙giraffelion长颈鹿狮子goldfish金鱼goose鹅kangaroo袋鼠monkey猴子ox牛pig猪horse马tigertortoisezebrahencockshoeglovehatcap鞋手套礼帽帽子附表十二日常交际用语1、打招呼、问候、介绍1) 打招呼、问候及应答GoodMorning!(Morning!

16、)Goodafternoon!Goodevening!Hello/Hi!Howareyou?Howdoyoudo?(It')Nice/Goodtoseeyou.(I'm)Gladtosee/meetyou.2) 介绍(1) 自我介绍I'm/Mynameis(2) 介绍别人ThisisMiss/Mr/Mrs/myfriend2、认人1)问某人是谁及应答Who'that?Who'he/she?GoodMorning!(Morning!)Goodafternoon!Goodevening!Hello/Hi!(I'm)Fine/Verywell,than

17、kyou.Howdoyoudo?Nice/Goodtoseeyou,too.Gladtosee/meetyou,too.Isthat/this/he/sheThat'/It'Yes,it/he/sheis.He/SheisNo,it/he/sheisn't.2）问对方姓名及应答What'syourname?MynameisExcuseme.Areyoi?Yes,Iam.No,I"mnot.1'm3、认物1）问某物是什么及应答What'sthis/that?It'2）问某些物品是什么及应答Whatarethese/those/th

18、ey?They're4、祝贺HappyNewYear!(Andthe)Sametoyou.AhappyNewYeartoyou!AndIwishyouthesame.MerryChristmas!Thanks.Andyoutoo.IwishyouahappyNewYear.Thanks.Andyoutoo.HaveagoodNewYear!Thanks.Andyoutoo.Happybirthdaytoyou!Thankyouverymuch.5、来自（某地）Whereareyou/theyfrom?Ishe/she/itfrom?Wheredoyoucomefrom?I'mf

19、romWheredoeshe/shecomefrom?We/TheyarefromAreyou/theyfrom?I/WecomefromHe/ShecomesfromYes,Iam.(Yes,we/theyare.)Yes,he/she/itis.No,I'mnot.(No,we/theyarenot.)No,he/she/itisn't.6、职业Whatdoyou/theydo?I'm(apupil).We/Theyare(pupils).Whatdoeshe/shedo?He/Sheisa(doctor).Areyoua(teacher)?Yes,Iam.(No,

20、Iamnot.)Ishe/shea(driver)?Yes,he/sheis.(No,he/sheis'nt.)Arethey(worker)?Yes,theyare.(No,theyarenot.)7、能力Canyou(swim/dance)?Yes,Ican.(No,Ican't.)Canhedance?Yes,hecan.(No,heca'nt.)Whocan(dothis)?I/We/Hecan.Whatcanyou/hedo?I/Hecan(cook).8、所属Whose(pen)isthis?It's(mine/yours).Whoseisthis/

21、that(pen)?It's(his/hers).Whose(books)arethese?They're(mine/ours).Whosearethese/those(books)?They're(theirs).Isthisyours?Yes,itis.(No,itisn't.)Aretheseyours?Yes,theyare.(No,theyarenot.)9、拥有1)表示某人拥有I/You/We/Theyhave(got)He/She/Ithas(got2)问对方是否有Haveyou(got)?Yes,Ihave.10、时间1) 问钟点Whattime

22、isit(now)?What'thetime,(please)?2) 问星期几Whatdayistoday?Whatdayisittoday?Isit(Saturday)today?3) 问日期What'thedatetoday?11、天气What'theweathertoday?What'theweatherlikein(Beijing)?12、外观Whatisitlike?Whatishe/shelike?13、颜色Whatcolorisit?14、位置(地点)Whereisit?Whereishe/she?Wherearethey?No,Ihaven

23、9;(Sorry,Ihaven't.)Yes,Ido.(No,Idon')It'(ten).It'timefor(school/class/lunch/home/TV/bed).It'(Thursday).It'(May4th).Yes,itis.It'(fine/cloudy).It'(small).He/Sheis(young).It'(red/blue).It'in/on/under/beside(thedesk).He/Sheisin(theoffice).Theyarein(theclassroom).1

24、5、数量Howmany(books)doyouhave?Howmuch(beer)doyou(want)?Howmuchisit?Howmucharethey?16、意愿Whatdoyouwant?Whatwouldyoulike?Doyouwant(anewbike)?Wouldyoulike(acupoftea)?Whatdoyouwanttodo?Whatwouldyouliketodo?Whatareyougoingtodo?17、求助(请求)Can/Couldyouhelpme?Can/Couldyou(passme)-?(Three/Ten.)(Twoglasses/bottles

25、.)It'(fiveyuan).Theyare(thirtyyuan).Iwant(anewbike).Icllike(acupofcoffee).Yes,Ido.Yes,please.Iwantto(helphim).Idliketo(seeher).Imgoingto(playchess).Yes./Sure./Certainiy./OfcourseImafraidIcart./I'msorryIcartWill/Wouldyouplease(give/lendme)?Please(posttheletter/readtheletterforme).18劝告You'

26、dbetter(gotothedoctor).Youshould(gotoseeher).Lookout!(Acariscoming)Becareful!(Don'tcutyourfinger.Watch(thecup).20、禁止(Don'tdropit.)19、警告Don't(speakloudly).(Thebabyissleeping.)Youmustn'(smokehere).21、请求允许Can/May/CouldI(useyourpen)?22、建议Let'(gotogether).Shallwe(gonow)?What/Howabout(

27、goingforawalk)?23、征求看法Whatdoyouthinkof(thebook)?Whatdoyouthinkof(theman)?Whatabout(thebook)?Doyoulikeit?24、喜好Doyoulike/love(football)?Doeshe/shelike(football)?Whatdoyoulikebest?Whatsyourhobby?25、打电话Yes./Ofcourse./Certainiy./No,oleasedont./I"mafridnot./Imafraidyoucon't.Allright./OK./Great./T

28、hagoodidea.Sorry,Ican't./I'mafraidIcan't.We'dbetter(hurry).It's(nice/good).He's(verykind).Yes,Ido.(No,Idon'.)Yes,he/shedoes.(No,he/shedt)esnIlike(football)best.(Collectingstamps.)Hello,May/Can/CouldIspeakto(Mr.White)?Who'that/speaking/calling,please?Thisis(Tom)speakin

29、g.It'(Mary)here.Holdon,please.(Waitfor)amoment/aminute,please.Sorry,buthe'out/sheisntin.(It's)Foryou./It'syourphonecall.26、邀请Wouldyouliketo(gowithus)?Willyoujoinus?Certainly./Withpleasure.Yes,I'dliketo/loveto.Sorry,Icant./ImafraidIcan'/Idloveto,butWillyoucome?Pleasebehere(att

30、en/beforelunch).27、约会Areyoufree(tonight)?Whenwillyoubefree?Shallwe(gotoparktomorrow)?Whenandwhereshallwemeet?28、问路和指路HowcanIgetto(thestation)?(Nextweek.)Allright./OK./Great./That'sagoodidea.Sorry,Ican't./I'mafraidIcan't.(Attheschoolgateafterschool./Inmyhouseatnine.)Could/Canyoutellmethewayto(BeijingZoo)?Doyouknowthewayto(theSummerPalace)?Go