2021届课标版高考英语一轮复习训练：第一部分主题三人与自然

1、人与自然一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空一一词形转换1. Children normally feel a lot ofabout their first day at school, so I wasthat I leftmy son alone in the kindergarten. (anxious)2. When he suddenlyin the classroom, the students were concentrating on listening totheir teacher. His suddensurprised them. (appear)3. A large nu

2、mber of people have sent off for the job. Some of the may be disappointed because only one thirdfor it have the chance to be employed. (apply)4. People should be of environmental issues, so we organized an activity last weekend to raise people ' s of protecting the environment. (aware)5. Having

3、cleaned the sports facilities, thewent to the grassland to pick up the litter. Afterhis thorough, we saw acommunity. (clean)6. As we all know, smoking is considered to our health. If you insist on smoking, you will be ato others because they are forced to take in the second-hand smoke. You should no

4、t puttheir lives in , so you had better quit it.(danger)7. Living in the city will put you in touch with people from a(diverse) of cultures.8. The company into several departments. He will be sent to the sales after graduation. (divide)9. You are right. Regular exercise can keep you full of. Besides

5、, enough sleep can make usand enable us to perform well in exams.(energy)10. Mary was too to tell her family about the scene because it almost her to death. She was shaking with at the thought of it. (frighten)11. I am the of the project but I can，t all the work on my own. So my assistanthelps me wi

6、th the everyday . (manage)12. I wasn ' t blaming anyon e; I(mere) said errors like this could be avoided.13. Bob is very of his younger brother and tries every wayhim. I think Bob providestoo much for him.(protect)14. To escape the is one of the most obvious reasons why people lie. No one likes

7、.(punish)15. (1)I have a lot to say in to this matter. (relate)(2)Tiredness is directly to a driver ' s response timeelate)16. (1)We all breathed a sigh of when he left.(relief)(2)Being able to tell the truth at last seemed toher. (relief)17.I called to make a table for two for seven o' cloc

8、k, only to be told that all the tables . (reserve)18. Everything seemed to be going (smooth) for the first two days after I moved to New York.19.of food are almost exhausted in the town, but the foodcannot morefood to their customers. (supply)20 . He the accident and became the only . His was really

9、 a wonder. (survive)21 .(1)When a fire broke out, help was needed.(urge)(2)The most thing was to make sure everyone went out of the building. So the firefightersthat people leave the building as soon as possible. (urge)二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词一一固定搭配1. Usually the discount in this shop only applieschildren un

10、der the age of ten every winter.2. Even though we may not be aware it, our actions can stand for our thoughts.3. What traditions in China are disappearing or aredanger of disappearing?4. occurred to me that day that art and beauty are the common language of mankind.5. Last spring, I was fortunate to

11、 be chosen to participatethe running of the club.6.I think the boy has the potentialpainting, but he needs training.7.100 years ago, a big fire broke out in the old building, leaving itruins.三、写出画线部分在语境中的含义熟词生义1 .When I met him in the town, he looked straight at me but did not acknowledge me, which

12、made me annoyed. 2 . He has been teaching for 30 years, and he still devotes himself to the cause of education.3 .Keep a measured tone :don ' t handle it too lightly , as people can be offended, especially if yourerror suggests a misunderstanding of their culture(i.e. incorrect ordering of Chine

13、se names). 4.A man narrowly escaped death when a fire broke out in his home on Sunday morning. 5 .The research team are making their way to the west area with the purpose of finding where the river rises.6 . (1)He smoothed the way for us. (2)Sally managed to smooth over the bad feelings between them

14、. (3)They are introducing new measures to ensure the smooth running of the business. 7 .They didn ' t think much of it when they saw two cyclists repairing their bike on the side of theroad. A bit later, they spotted what they assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike. 8 .A new commodi

15、ty brings about a highly profitable, fast-growing industry, urging antitrust (反垄断的 Regulators to step in to check those who control its flow.四、用括号中动词的适当形式填空不规则变化1 . His careless driving caused a terrible accident. Therefore, he(ban) from driving for threeyears.2 . He is often found (bury) in his wor

16、k whenever I come here.3 . Most of the old part of the city (destroy) by bombs during the war in 1937.4 .A full moon (light) up the sky. I invited all my family to appreciate it together.5 . Jack was working in the lab when the power cut(occur).6 .The party ' share of the vote (rise) from 11 per

17、cent to 21 percent in last month ' s election.7 .A young boy climbed up the apple tree and(shake) the branches so that the apples fell.8 .A good idea me while I was walking along the river. (strike)9 .Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people (trap

18、) in the high-rise building.五、改正下列句子中的唯一错误易错易混1 .These regulations apply for everyone; you are no exception. 2 . Most of these groups consist graduate students, but some undergraduates join as well. 3 .By now, your big goal has been divided by little steps. And it will be easier to make it come true

19、. 4 .Children should be encouraged to take a part in social activities to put what they learned in class into practice. 5 .Safety is one factor families should consider when they decide what extracurricular activity to participate this year. 六、用括号中的参考词汇表达句子书面表达1 .近年来，人类不负责任的活动和飓风、极端天气等自然灾害给我们造成了极大的损

20、害。因此，我们应该与自然和谐相处，呵护地球，让它成为一个更好的家园。(harm, harmony)(advocate, affect)2 .在附近社区倡导低碳出行给我的生活带来了很大影响o3 .过度捕杀影响了野生动物的数量，有些动物灭绝了，有些处于危险之中。幸运的是，政府已经注意到这种情况并 采取了一系列积极的措施。我们要努力保护环境，只有这样我们才能够成功地阻止这种情况恶化。(hunt,measure, protect, prevent)复习效果测评、用括号中单词的适当形式填空一一词形转换1 .第一空在a lot of后面，应该用名词，anxiety 表示"忧虑"时，既可

21、作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，故填anxiety/anxieties; 第二空作表语，用形容词，填anxious。2 .第一空作谓语，表示过去的动作，填appeared;第二空作主语，空前有形容词sudden,用名词填appearance。3 .第一空作宾语，应用名词,application 表示"申请(书)"时，既可 作可数名词，也可作不可数名词 ，故填 application(s); 第二空与 Some of the 起构成主语 ，表示"申请人",填 applicants;one third (of the applicants)与动词apply之间

22、是逻辑上的主谓关系，故第三空用现在分词作后置定语，填applying。4 .第一空填aware,构成固定搭配be aware of;第二空在名词所有格后，应该用名词 填awareness。5 .第一空作主语，表示"清洁工"，根据下文的his可知填cleaner;第二空作宾语，表示"打扫，清洁",填cleaning;第 三空作定语，表示"干净的",填clean 。6 .第一空作主语补足语，表示"危险的"，应用形容词dangerous;第二空用在冠词后，应用名词danger "危险，危 险因素”;第三空考查固

23、定搭配,in danger表示"处在危险之中",填danger。7 .考查形容词变换为名词。生活在城市里会让你接触到来自各种文化的人。故此处应填名词diversity。8 .第一空作谓语，divide与主语The company 为被动关系，且表示客观情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态，填is divided;第二空与前面的the sales 一起构成介词to的宾语，应该用名词，依据句意可知填division,表示"部门 ”。9 .第一空在介词后作宾语，填名词energy;第二空作宾语补足语，表示"精力充沛的",填形容词energetic。10 .

24、第一空作表语，表示主语 Mary的感受，用形容词frightened 表示"害怕的"第二空作定语修饰名词scene,用形容词frightening 表示"骇人的"第三空作谓语，且事情发生在过去，故用动词过去式frightened,frighten sb. to death 表示"把某人吓得要命"第四空作介词 with的宾语，用名词fright表示"惊吓"。11 .第一空用在定冠词the后面，表示"经理",填manager;第二空用在情态动词后且与之一起构成谓语，填manage,表示"管

25、理"第三空作主语 在此表示"管理",填management 。12 .此处应用副词merely修饰动词said。13 .第一空作表语，表示"爱护的",填protective, be protective of sb.表示"爱护某人"第二空应该用动词不定式表目的填to protect;第三空作主语，表示"保护",填protection 。14 .第一空作动词的宾语，用名词punishment;第二空考查like doing sth." 喜欢做某事"，此处表示"被惩罚"

26、,填 being punished 。15 .(1)此空考查 in relation to" 关于"，填 relation;(2) 此空考查 be related to" 与有关",填 related 。16 .(1)此空用在介词后作宾语，应该用名词，填relief;(2)此空考查seem to do 结构,relieve sb.表示"使某人感到 轻松”,填 relieve 。17 .第一空考查 make a reservation, 表示"预订",填 reservation; 第二空作谓语,all the tables 与

27、 reserve 之间 为被动关系，且根据前文时态及语境可知，此处应用过去完成时的被动语态，填had been reserved 。18 .考查形容词变换为副词。此处应用副词 smoothly 修饰动词。19 .镇上贮存的食物快吃完了 ，但是食品供应商无法给顾客供应更多的食物。第一空作主语，表示"供应量，储备”,此处是可数名词，再结合are可知填Supplies;第二空作主语，表示"供应商",供应商不止一家 用名词复数，填 suppliers;第三空作谓语，且位于情态动词后，填动词原形supply 。20 . 他在事故中幸免于难,成为唯一的幸存者。他的幸存的确是一

28、个奇迹。第一空作谓语,由 and 后的 became可知 ,填动词过去式survived; 第二空表示"幸存者 ", 填名词 survivor; 第三空作主语,表示 "幸存 ", 填名词survival 。21 .(1) 空处作状语,表示 "迫切地 ", 填 urgently 。 (2)第一空作定语,表示"紧急的 ", 填 urgent; 第二空作谓语,表示"敦促",填urged 。二、在空白处填入1 个适当的单词固定搭配1.to 。apply to 适用于。2.of 。be aware of

29、意识到。3.in。 in danger of 有的危险。4.It。 It occurred to sb. that.某人想到；同义表达有 It struck sb. that.某人突然想到5.in 。 participate in 参与。6.for 。 have the potential for 有的潜力。7.in 。 in ruins 毁坏 ,严重受损。三、写出画线部分在语境中的含义熟词生义1 .acknowledge 熟义:v. 承认 ,感谢。此处表示"打招呼 ,理会 ",类似于 greet 。2 .cause熟义:v.引起n.原因。此处表示"事业"

30、;。3 .measure熟义:v.量，测量，估量。此处measured 是形容词，意为"慎重的"。4 .narrowly 熟义 :adv. 狭隘地。此处表示"勉强地"。5 .rise熟义:v.上升，上涨，升起。此处表示"发源，起源"，极易理解为"上涨"。6.smooth 熟义:adj. 平整的,平坦的,光滑的。在(1)中 smooth 作动词,表示"使平坦 "在 (2)中作动词,smoothover 表示 "缓和 "在 (3)中作形容词,表示" 平稳的 "

31、 。7.spot熟义:n.斑点，污渍。此处作动词，表示"看见，看到"。8.urge熟义:v.敦促，竭力主张。此处表示"驱使，迫使"，类似于force 。四、用括号中动词的适当形式填空不规则变化1 .ban fbanned fbanned。所填词在句中作谓语，且与主语he构成被动关系，又根据caused可知，此处应用 一般过去时的被动语态,填was banned 。2 .bury fburied fburied。所填词在句中作主语补足语，表示状态，且bury与主语He之间为逻辑上的动宾关系 ,故填过去分词buried 。3 .destroy fdestro

32、yed fdestroyed 。所填词在句中作谓语，主语与destroy 之间为被动关系，再根据句中的时间状语 in 1937 可知 ,应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was destroyed 。应注意destroy 为 "元音字母+y" 结尾的单词,其过去式和过去分词都是直接加-ed, 不能将 y 变为 i。4 .light - lit -lit。所填词在句中作谓语，故填过去式lit。5 .occur foccurred foccurred 。由主句的时态可知，从句谓语应用一般过去时，故填过去式occurred 。6.rise-rose-risen。所填词在句中作谓语，故填过去式rose。注意此处rise用作不及物动词，不用被动语态。7.shake fshook fshaken。所填词在句中作谓语 ，故填过去式 shook。8.strike fstruck fstruck。所填词作谓语，由was可知，此处用一力过去时，故填struck。9.trap ftrapped ftrapped。所填词在句中作后置定语，修te elderly people, 应填过去分词 trapped。五、改正下列句子中的唯一错误易错易混1 .for -