2017-2019年上海高考英语真题阅读概要写作汇编

1、2017-2019年高考英语真题概要写作汇编2017年春季高考IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.ShynessIfyousufferfromshyness,youarenotalone,forshynessisauniversalphenomenon.Itisnotsurprisingthatsocialscientistsa

2、reexploringitsenvironmentalcauses.Thefirstenvironmentalcauseofshynessmaybeachild'shomeandfamilylife.Today'schildrenaregrowingupinsmallerandsmallerfamilies,withfewerandfewerrelativeslivingnearby.Growingupinhomesinwhichbothparentsworkfulltime,childrenmaynothavethesocializingexperienceoffrequen

3、tvisitsbyneighborsandfriends.Becauseoftheirlackofsocialskills,theymaybegintofeelshywhentheystartschool.Asecondenvironmentalcauseofshynessinanindividualmaybeone'sculture.InalargestudyconductedinJapan,57percentofparticipantsratedthemselvesasshy.ResearchersLynneHendersonandPhilipZimbardosay,Oneexpl

4、anationisthatinJapan,anindividual;sperformancesuccessiscreditedexternallytoparents,grandparents,teachers,coaches,andothers,whilefailureisentirelyblamedontheperson."Therefore,Japaneselearnnottotakerisksipublicandrelyinsteadongroup-shareddecisions.Technologymayalsoplayarole.IntheUnitedStates,then

5、umberofyoungpeoplewhoreportbeingshyhasrisenfrom40percentto50percentinrecentyears.Duetoourhugeadvancesintechnology,watchingtelevision,playingvideogames,andsurfingtheWebhavereplacedrecreationalactivitiesthatinvolvesocialinteractionformanyyoungpeople.Adults,too,arebecomingmoreisolatedasaresultoftechnol

6、ogy.Face-to-faceinteractionswithbankclerks,gasstationattendants,andshopassistantsarenolongernecessarybecausepeoplecanusemachinestodotheirbanning,filltheirgastanks,andordergoods.Inshort,theybecomeshy.Itappearsthatmostpeoplehaveexperiencedshynessatsometimeintheirlives.Therefore,ifyouareshy,youhavelots

7、ofcompany.答案：IV.SummaryWriting(共10分。)Shynessiscommonandithasenvironmentalcauses,includinghomeandfamilylife,cultureandtechnology.Firstly,withsmallerfamiliesandworkingparents,childrenlacksocialinteractions.Secondly,blamingfailureonindividualscausespeopleinsomeculturetobeshyinpublic.Finally,withthedeve

8、lopmentoftechnology,peoplehavefeweropportunitiestosocializeinperson.2017年秋季高考SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.LearningbyRoteintheDigitalAgeRotelearninghasbecomeseenasanoutdatedmethodo

9、fteaching.Thedictionarydefineslearning'frommemory,withoutthoughtofthemeaning;inamechanicalway'.Thedeclineofrotelearninghasbeenquickenedbytechnology.Nooneneedstomemorizefriendsphonenumbersoremailaddressesbecausesuchdataisconvenientlystoredandaccessibleelectronically.Andwhyrememberwhenandwhere

10、WorldWarTwobrokeoutwhenyoucanfindtheanswerontheinternetinabout6seconds?Butnowtherearevoicesforaneedtoreturntorotelearning.Infact,memorizingkeydataisessentialtolearninganyskill.Doctoringrequiresknowledgeofmedicineandlawyeringrequiresknowledgeofcasesandlaws.Ofcourse,beingabletorecallthingswillnotfurth

11、eryourunderstandingofthosethings,butwithoutmemorizingthesefoundationelements,youcannotprogresstoadeeperunderstandingofasubject.Whiletheinternetandcomputershaveweakenedtheneedforustorememberthings,itmaywellbethatmobilelearningcanhelpbringthisstyleoflearningbacktolifebymakingitmoreconvenientandmorefun

12、.Drillingyourself-withflashcardsorbyrepetition-isusuallyhardandboringwork,whichiswhymostpeopleneedtheirmultiplicationtablestobedrilledintothembyteachersorparents.Rotelearningwithoutawillingthirdpartycanbeabattleofdisciplineandmotivation.Butmobilelearningcanmakethoseflashcardsanddrillsmoreappropriate

13、toindividualstudy;ourdigitaldevicescanchallengeandinformusatthesametimeandalsokeepusmotivated,whetherthroughgame-likestructuresorrecordingourprogress.Onceyou'veacquiredtheessentialsofasubjectbyrotelearning,youwillfinditeasiertogodeeperintheapplicationofknowledgewhichisimportant.答案：IV.SummaryWrit

14、ing（共10分。）71Rotelearningmeansmechanicalmemorization.Althoughtechnologymakesitlessneeded,itsvalueisbeingrediscovered.Rotelearninghelpspeopleacquirebasicknowledge,layingafoundationforfurtherunderstanding.Infact,technologymakesmobilelearningpossible,whichmotivateslearninginrotelearningandmakesmemorizat

15、ionmoreinterestingandindividualized.2018年春季高考IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.ToLaughIsHumanMostofusdon'tknowwhywelaughatsomejokesandnotatothers.Scientistsknowthatweareabletola

16、ughatbirth.Babiesbegintolaughatthreetofourmonthsofage,wellbeforetheyproducetheirfirstwords.Whatscientistsareinterestediniswhywelaugh.Scientistsbelievehumanslaughwithothersprimarilybecauseitmakesusfeelconnectedwithoneanother,whichinturngivesusasenseoftrustandcomfort.Toscientists,laughterisanunconscio

17、usreaction;consequently,whenwelaugh,otherscanbecertainthatitisanhonesreaction,andhonestyiskeywhenbuildingandmaintainingfriendships.Sincelaughterisseenasasocialsignalthatwesendtoothers,itcanalsohelpexplainwhyitissoinfectious.Studieshaveproventhatwhenpeopleseeorhearsomethingfunny,theyare20timesmorelik

18、elytoalaughwhentheyarewithothersthanwhentheyarealone.Wantingtobeacceptedbyothersispartofhumannature.Andmirroringotherpeopleslaughterisawaytosignaltoothersthatyoufeelthewaytheydo,whichmakesusfeelmoreconnectedwithoneanother.Humanshavenotalwayslaughedjustsotheycanfeelclosertoothers,however.Scientistspo

19、intoutthatthissocialfunctionoflaughterwasbornoutofanevenmorefundamentalhumanneed.Laughter,theybelieve,cameaboutbecauseitcontributedtoourverysurvivalasaspecies.Scientistsassumethatsharinglaughterensuredourancestorsahighersurvivalratebecauseitledtogreatercooperationbetweenindividuals.Humanslearnedquic

20、klythatgreatercooperationledtosurvival,andthebraininturnrealizedthatlaughingwithothersincreasedoutchancesoffindingpeopletocooperate,hunt,eat,live,andeventually,survivewith.答案：IV.SummaryWriting（共10分。）Possibleversion1:Scientiststhinkhumansarebornwiththeabilitytolaugh,butwhydowelaugh?Welaughtofeelclose

21、rtooneanother.Laughterhelpsustoberecognizedsowelaughmoreingroupsthanwhenalone.Laughteralsoevolvedfromamorebasicneedtosurviveasitpromotedcooperation,enablinghumanstosurvivebetter.Possibleversion2:Laughterisunconscious,infectionsandbasic.Itbringsusatrustworthy,comfortableandhonestfeeling,thusbettermai

22、ntainingfriendships.Chancesarethatwelaughmorewithothersaround,contributingtopromptingrecognitionandfeelingmoreconnectedwithoneanother.Scientistsassurethatlaughterresultedingreatercooperationbetweenindividualsinancienttimes,asbettercooperationleadstosurvival.Possibleversion3:Wewerebornwiththeabilityo

23、fhelpingandscientiststhinkthereasonwhywelaughisthatwefeelconnectedwithothersandwewanttoberecognizedbyothers.Besides,laughterhelpspeopletocooperatetosurvivewith.2018年秋季高考IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourow

24、nwordsasfaraspossible.BecominganAttractiveEmployeeThe2008financialcrisiscreatedanunstablejobmarket.Fast-forwardtothepresent,andtheeconomyhasnotfullyrecovered.Thus,It'sofvitalimportanceforjobseekerstocarefullystrategizetheirapproachtojobapplication.Andit'sespeciallyimportantforthosenewtothewo

25、rkforce.Theyshouldlookatmakingthemselvesasattractiveaspossibletoemployers.Foryoungpeople,informationtechnologyskillswillplayanincreasingroleinthefuture.AsthegenerationtohavegrownupintheInformationAge,theyarequiteconfidentwhenitcomestoshowingofftheirinterestsandskillsinthisfield.Thismakesthemanatural

26、fitforcompaniesseekingexpertise（专业技能）intechnology,marketingandnetworking.Theyshouldemphasizetheseskillswhenapplyingforjobsthatrequiretheabilitytomultitask.Anotherattractivequalityisexperience.It'simportantthatanapplicant'sresumelistanyactivitiesthatinvolvedteamworkandgoal-drivenresponsibilit

27、ies.Membershipinasportsorsocialclubandparticipationasavolunteeraregoodexamplesofthis.Theseactivitiesinvolvegoalmanagementandplanningalongwiththeabilitytofocuswhilecompetingonateam.Whenhiringcommitteesseethis,theyseeacandidatewhoiscapableofworkinginavarietyofenvironments.Finally,anattractivequalitywh

28、enjob-huntingisagreatattitudetowardapotentialjob.Youngjobseekersareknowntobeoverconfidentbecausetheyhavebeenpraisedforeverythingtheyhavedone.Buttheymustrealizethattheemploymentmarketisabouthowanemployeewillbeagoodfitforacompany,nottheotherwayaround.Infact,inaninterview,animportantquestiontoaskis:Wha

29、twouldbeexpectedofmeasanemployee?”Intoday'stoughjobmarket,youngjobseekersneedtoprovideapotentialemployerwithgoodreasonstohirethem.答案：IV.SummaryWriting（共10分。）Howcanyoungpeopleattracttheirfutureemployers?First,theyneedtodemonstratetheirknowledgeandskillsininformationtechnology.Second,theyshouldinc

30、ludeintheirresumestheexperiencesthatreflecttheyarecooperativeandgoal-oriented.Finally,theyneedtoadoptaproperattitude,thatis,takingfutureemployersexpectationsintoconsideration.2019年春季高考IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60

31、words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Wherearethebees?Beesareessentialtotheproductionoffoodweeat.Beesmakehoney,buttheyalsopollinatelargeareasofcrops,suchasstrawberries,applesandonions.Aboutathirdofthefoodweeatisaresultofpollinationofthebees.Unfortunately,beeshavebeendisappearingatanalarmingrate.In200

32、6,beekeepersstartedreportingaboutsomethingcalledColonyCollapseDisaster(CCD).ThemainsignofCCDisthelossofadulthoneybeesfromahive.InOctoberof2006,somebeekeepersreportedthattheyhadlostbetween30and90percentoftheirhives.Thereweremanytheoriesforthedisappearanceofthebees.Butthemostconvincingonehastodowithpe

33、sticidesandlifestylesofbeestoday.Nowadays,beekeepergetmostoftheirincomenotfromproducinghoneybutfromrentingbeestopollinateplants.Thismeansthatthelifeofthetypicalbeenowconsistsoftravellingallaroundthecountrytopollinatecropsastheseasonschange.Thatmeansalotoftravelingontrucks,whichisverystressfultobees.

34、Itisnotunusualforupto30%ofthehivetodieduringtransportduetostress.Inaddition,beesthatspendmostoftheirtimelockedupontrucksarenotexposedtowhattheyusuallyliveon.Instead,theyliveonasweetliquidfromcorn,usuallypollutedwithpesticides.Theexactreasonforthedisappearanceofbeesisnotsure,butlosingbeesisverycostly

35、totheeconomy.Thebeepollinationservicesareworthover$8billionayear.Withnobees,pollinationwillhavetobedonebyhand,whichwouldhaveeffectsonthequalityoffoodandincreasedfoodpriced.Wehearalotaboutbigenvironmentaldisastersalmosteveryday.Butoneofthebiggestmayjustbethelossofthattinyflyinginsect.答案：IV.SummaryWri

36、ting(共10分。)71.Beesarenecessaryforpeoplebecauseonethirdofthefoodweeatispollinatedbybees,butbeesaredisappearingbecauseoftoomuchpressureonbeehivesintrucksorbeingkilledbypesticides,whichmayinfluencethequalityoffoodandincreasedfoodprices,andcausegreatlossestoeconomicdevelopment.2019年秋季高考IV.SummaryWriting

37、Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.It'sundeniable:Beingamongthefirsttotryoutanewpieceoftechnologyiscool.There'stheexcitementofdoingwhathasneverbeendonebeforethefeelingthatyou'relivinginth

38、efuture.Andwhenyou'rethesolememberofyoursocialcirclewiththelatesthotgadget,peoplestareinfascination.Theyaskyouquestions.Theyseeyouastheholderofpowerful,secretknowledgeforalittlewhile,untilthenextbigthingcomesalong.Peopletendtounderestimatethecostsofthistemporarycoolness,whichtheypayinmorewaystha

39、none.Don'tfallintotheearlyadoptertrap.Dontjointhefirstwaveofconsumerswhoinvestinthelatestmedia-hypedhardware;instead,waitandsee.Toputitfrankly,earlyadoptionisabadinvestment.First,theearliestversionsofdevicesarenotonlyexpensive,theyarealsothemostexpensivethatthosedeviceswilleverbe.Companiesarepre

40、sumablyattemptingtorecoverthecostofproductionasfastastheycan,andtheyknowthatthereareserioustech-loverswhowillpayagreatdealtobefirst.Oncetherevenuesfromearlyadopters'purchasesaresafelyintheirhands,theycancutthepriceandshifttothenextmarketingphase:sellingtheproducttoeveryoneelse.ThisiswhythecostoftheoriginaliPhonedroppedaboutU.S.$200onlyeightmonthsafteritsrelease.Plus,electronicshardlyeverbecomemoreex