中考英语语法总复习练习

1、 中考英语语法总复习专题一 名 词命题点一 名词词义辨析（8 年 8 考 29 次） 1. Which season do you like best? _. Because I like go skiing. A. Summer B. Spring C. Autumn D. Winter2 Which _ do you like better, English or math? I prefer English to math. A. subject B. language C. school D. grade 命题点二 名词的数与名词所有格（8 年 5 考 6 次）名词是中考考查的重点。考

2、查容主要为：1. 名词单、复数的变化规律与其用法；2. 不可数名词量的表达法；3. 名词所有格的变化与其用法；4. 名词作主语的一致问题；5. 常用专有名词的表示法；6. 具体语境中名词的词义和一些常用易混淆名词的区别。.名词的定义专有名词是具体的人和事物等特有名称。专有名词的第一个字母要大写，人名、地名、公共节日与月份、周日的名称等等都是属于专有名词。（见资料）如：Yao Ming 明； China 中国；Christmas 圣诞节等。 . 可数名词和不可数名词 普通名词按照其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和 不可数名词。 1可数名词 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。如：an apple; t

3、wo apples 。 注意：a 用于以辅音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前； an 用于以元音音素( 指音标) 开头的单数名词前。 如：a book/buk/, a useful/ju:sful/ book ，an apple/aepl/ ，a red apple , an hour/aua/2不可数名词: 不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词，没有复数形式。. 名词的数1. 可数名词复数形式的规则变化：情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加 -s清辅音后读/s/map-maps浊辅音和元音后读 /z/bag-bags /car-cars以s, sh, ch, x等结尾加 -es读 /iz/bus-b

4、uses/ watch-watchesWish-wishes/ box-boxes以ce, se, ze,等结尾加 -s读 /iz/license-licenses以辅音字母+y结尾变y 为i再加es读 /z/baby-babies以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es读 /vz/shelfshelves, wolfwolves, lifelives, knifeknives.2. 可数名词复数形式的的不规则变化(1)元音或词尾发生变化 如：manmen; womanwomen; FrenchmanFrenchmen; toothteeth; footfeet; childchildr

5、en (2)单复数形式一样如：sheepsheep; fishfish; ChineseChinese; JapaneseJapanese; yuanyuan (3)形式为单数意思为复数如：people，police（集合名词） (4)形式为复数意思为单数如：news, maths, physics, the United States等。 (5)只用复数形式如：pants, shorts, clothes，glasses(眼镜)等。3. 不可数名词的量的表示：（不能直接用数字；不能直接加a。an；无复数形式） .名词的所有格：1. 有生命的名词所有格 (1) 单数名词后加s 。如：my br

6、others book (2) 不以s 结尾的复数名词后加s 。如：the childrens football (3) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加 。如：the boys game (4) 以s 结尾的专有名词后直接加 。如：Dickens novels(5) 某物为两个名词共有时，在第二个名词后加s: 如：Tom and Davids room.(6) 表示两个名词各自拥有的东西，在两个名词后都加s: 如：Toms and Davids rooms.2. 无生命的事物的名词所有格(of所有格)练一练：1、写出下列各词的复数。I _ him _ this _  her _

7、watch _ mango_child _ photo _ diary _   day_ foot_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _  box_  strawberry _ thief _ engineer_ peach_ sandwich _  man _woman _leaf_   people_2、用所给名词的正确形式填空。（1）Are there two( box ) on the table?（2）I can see some ( people ) in the cine

8、ma.（3）How many ( day ) are there in a week?（4）Herere five( bottle ) of   ( juice ) for you.（5）This( violin ) is hers. Those( grape ) are over there.1. They got much _ on the Internet. Its very useful A. photo B. idea C. massage D. information2. Im really sorry Im late. I hope I didnt cause

9、 you _.A too much trouble B so many troubles C much too trouble D so more troubles3. When we saw Liu Xiangs face, we knew _ was bad.A some news B a news C the news D news4. - Excuse me, could you please move over a little and make some _ for me? - Sure.A places B seats C room D ground5 - _ lovely da

10、y! Lets go for a picnic, shall we? - Good idea!A What B How C What a D How a 6. _ wonderful movie! We like it very much. A What B What a C How D How a7._ delicious food your mother cooked for us yesterday! A How a B How C What a D What8. The woman over there is _ mother.A Lucy and Lily B Lucys and L

11、ily C Lucys and Lilys D Lucy and Lilys9. The market isnt far from here. Its only _bicycle ride.A half an hour s B half an hours C half an hour D an hour and a half10. -Excuse me! Is the supermarket far from here? - No, its about _.A 7 minutes walk B 7 minute walk C 7 minutes walk D 7 minutes walk11.

12、 - How soon shall we start the bicycle trip? - _.A In three days B after three days C in three days time D after three days time12. _ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are _ teachers.A A number of ,women B A number of ,woman C The number of ,women D The number of ,woma

13、n13 There are forty-five _ in this school.A man teachers B men teacher C men teachers D man teacher14 Two bags are on the table. They are _. A Lucy and Lily B Lucys and Lily C Lucys and Lilys D Lucy and Lilys15 e on, children. Help yourselves to some _ if you like.A fish and chicken B fishes and chi

14、cken C fish and chickens D fishes and chickens16 _ room is big and bright. They like it very much.A Tom and Sam B Toms and Sam C Tom and Sams D Toms and Sams17 The customers are pleased with the _ of the restaurant.A balance B experience C surface D service18 - Fathers Day is coming. What should I b

15、uy for my father? - Why not _ ? He likes sports.A a scarf B a key ring C a pair of jeans D a pair of running shoes19 The PLA man saved three _ lives in the accident. A childrens B children C child D childs20 Paper making is _ of ancient China.A one of greatest inventor B one of the greatest inventor

16、s C one of greatest inventions D one of the greatest inventions专题二、冠词命题点一不定冠词a/an的用法（8年5考7次）命题点二定冠词的用法（2013A卷24题）命题点三零冠词的基本用法（相对考的较少）1. Jolin is _ famous singer. She has a lot of fans. A. a B. an C. the D. /2. David is _ honest boy. He doesnt like tell lies. A. an B. a C. the D. /an apple/ an artist

17、/ an aunt/ an Asain country/ an American girl/ an English dictionarya European country/ an egg/ an eight-year-old boy/an11-year-old boy.冠词的定义冠词是虚词。通常放在名词之前，用来说明名词所表示的人或事物。冠词分为不定冠词（a和an）和定冠词(the)两类。 .冠词的用法1不定冠词a, an的用法(1)泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。A girl is waiting for you.(2) 不定冠词a用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前；a usefu

18、l book; a desk;不定冠词an用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。如： an old man; an actor; an “m”。(3) 第一次提到某人或某物而非特指时。如：There is a book on the desk, but the book isnt mine.(4) 表示人或事物的某一类。如：An elephant is bigger than a tiger.(5) 用于表时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前，有“每一”的意思，相当every如： three times a week.(6) 表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。I have a co

19、mputer.(7)用在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.(8)可视为一个整体的两个名词前 eg: a knife and fork 一副刀叉(9)用在某些固定词组中：如：have a good time; have a swim ,have a cold , half an hour ,a lot(of), after a while , in a hurry , for a long time,a few ,a little ,at a time ,2定冠词the的用法(1)用来特指某人或某物，双方都知

20、道的人或物的名词前如：Open the door, please.(2) 用于上文提到的某人或某物。There is a kite on the wall. The kite is new.(3)表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前如：the sun; the moon; the earth; the sky(4)用在序数词或形容词最高级前，如：March is the third month of a year.He is the cleverest boy in his class.(5)用在某些形容词前，表示一类人。如：the rich; the poor; the young; the o

21、ld等。(6)用在西洋乐器名词前。如：play the violin(7)用在表示方位的名词前。如：in the east/north/west/south(8) 用在表示山脉、海洋、江河、湖泊、群岛、建筑物、名胜古迹等专有名词前或用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如：the Yellow River; the Great Wall; the West Lake; the White House等(9)用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。eg：The Greens are watchingTV now(10)用于形容词或副词比较级等构成“ the.the. ”的句式中，表示“越越”。

22、如： The more, the better.(11)用于固定搭配中。all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上in the open air 在户外，在野外3零冠词的用法(1)棋类活动,球类运动,一日三餐，学科名词前不用任何冠词play chess play football have supper We all like Engl

23、ish.特例：当football，basketball指具体的某个球时,其前可以用冠词：I can see a football.我可以看到一只足球。Wheres the football？那只足球在哪儿？(指足球，并非“球类运动”)(2)称呼语前不用冠词，表示头衔和职务的名词前也不加冠词。如：I dont feel well today, Mum./ This is Professor Li/ /Hello, Lily.(3)在节假日、星期、月份、季节等名词前，用零冠词.如：Teachers Day; Mothers Day; on Monday; in May; in summer但若指某

24、年的某月份或某年的某季节，需在月份或季节前加the, eg：The winter in 2008 was very cold.(4)名词前已有物主代词(my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)与名词所有格修饰时,不用冠词 my book(正)；my the book(误)(5)有些专有名词, 如人名,地名,国家名，抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。如： China; Japanese; milk; love等。Jim lives in China.(6)不可数名词和复数名词表泛指时前用零冠词 We cant li

25、ve without water./ Horses are good animals.(7)用在“专有名词+普通名词”构成的街名，路名，山名等名词前 Hainan Island / Nanjing Road (8) by与火车等交通工具连用，用零冠词 eg：by bus/ by train/by car/ by bike 注意：take a bus/ on the bike/ in a boat(9)在某些固定搭配里,名词之前常不用冠词.如on foot; at home; at night; from morning till night, on time, in time, at firs

26、t, at last等。(10)用与不用冠词的差异in hospital住院 / in the hospital在医院里in front of在(外部的)前面 / in the front of在(部的)前面at table进餐 / at the table在桌子旁by sea乘船 / by the sea在海边go to school(church)上学(做礼拜) /go to the school(church)到学校(教堂)去two of us我们当中的两人 / the two of us我们两人(共计两人)a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一个人)/a teach

27、er and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两个人)练一练：1、用a或an填空。_ “U”  _ ice-cream     _  goalkeeper    _ teapot    _apple  _office _English book  _umbrella_ unit _hour            2、根据需要，填写冠词a，an或the。（

28、1）Who is _girl behind _tree?（2） _old man has two children, _ son and _daughter.（3）This is  _ orange.   _ orange is Lucys.（4）He likes playing _guitar. We have _same hobby.（5）We all had_good time last Sunday.（6）She wants to be_doctor.1.Well be traveling by _ camel across the desert

29、 before we go to _university.A. /; the B. the; / C. /; / D. the; a2. Richard Powers The Echo Maker, _ novel set in _ small t own of Kearney, Nebraska, US, has won the 57th US National Book Award for fiction.A. the; the B. a; a; C. a; the D. /; the3.He is in _ control of the company. I mean, the comp

30、any is in _ _ control of him.A. the; / B. /; the C. the; the D. /; /4.Now that Tom hates_ school, the school becomes_ prison to himA. a；a B. /；a C. a；/ D. /；/5.In _ preparation for the launching of Shenzhou , scientists need _ knowledge of weather changes.Athe; the Ba; C; a Dthe; a6.Because of _ hig

31、h demand for TypeAB blood, _ supplies of it are usually limited.A. the; the B. 不填; 不填 C. 不填; the D. a; the 7.The sign reads “In case of _ fire, break the glass and push _ red button. ”A. 不填；a B. 不填；the C. the; the D. a; a8.I earn 10 dollars _ hour as _ supermarket cashier on Saturdays.A. a; an B. th

32、e; a C. an; a D. an; the9.Theres _ dicti onary on _ desk by your side.A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. the; the10.Where is my blue shirt? Its in the washing machine. You have to wear _ different one.A. any B. the C. a D. other11. If you have got temperature without coughing and headache，perhaps you ha

33、ve caught coldJust stay in bed .Dont think that you h ave got HINl.A the；the；不填 B a；a；不填C.a；the；the D a：a：the12 As global warming continues to be major concern for the future of our planet，people are starting to turn to gmen living practices to help save it for future generationsA. a：the Ba；不填 C不填；t

34、he Dthe；the13Every second day he went to the library for some books to read. But after a page or two，he would put the book down and pick up new oneAthe：a B不填；龇 C th。；the D不填；a14 The education of young has become hot and serious topic in the present society.A the；不填 Ba；the C不填；the D the；a15 He has go

35、od knowledge of many foreign languages，and one of them is English which is language spoken by many people in the worldA the：a Ba；the C.a；a D.the；the16 Throughout history nan has had to accept fact that all living things must die.A the：the B。；a C不填；the D不填；不填17一Was problem solved?一We were trying to t

36、hink of way out，but it was impossible to find one. A a：the B the；a Cthe；不填D。；。18I am in charge of the class which was in charge of my wife.A不填：the B不填；不填 C the；不填D the；the19 While music is just so-so， story in this TV play is quite movingA the：the B不填；不填 Cthe；a D不填；the20According to World Health Org

37、anization，health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent spread of AIDSA the：the Bth。；不填 Ca；a D不填；the专题三：代词 1. 人称代词为必考点，主要考查主格和宾格的用法，设题在单项选择，完形填空与短文填空中。 2. 物主代词和反身代词为高频考点命题点一 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词(8年6考27次)命题点二 普通不定代词(8年7考10次)1.The two books are great. I think you should read _ of them. A. all B.

38、 both C. every D. some2.I made a call to my parents yesterday, but _ of them answered it. A. either B. none C. neither D. any命题点三 复合不定代词(8年4考4次)命题点四 疑问代词和指示代词(8年5考5次)一 人称代词：单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称it/she/heit/her/himtheythem1.主格作主语,宾格作表语或动词或介词的宾语.He teaches _(we) Chinese . / Im wa

39、iting for you.(介词的宾语) / Its me.(宾格做表语)2.三种人称代词并列充当主语时时,顺序为: 单数:（二,三,一）（You, she and I ） 复数:（一,二,三）(we , you and they )注：:若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.)eg： She and I have been to Beijing .（一般情况） Who broke the window ? I and Mike .（承担责任）注：it 还有一些特别的用法。1) 用在句型: “It seems that ”中.“看起来像。.”2）用作形式主语,常用

40、于 “Its +adj +to do sth”句型中.“做什么事情怎么样” .378459309制作3) 用在句型: “Its ones turn to do sth”中.“轮到某人做sth”4) 用在句型: “Its time to do sth / for sth”中.“到了该做sth的时候”5) 用在句型: “Its +adj +that 从句”中.6) 用作形式宾语, 用来代替动词不定式. 主语+make /think /feel/find + it + adj (名词)+ to do sth .I find it difficult to remember these wors.二.

41、物主代词：物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词第一人称第二人称第三人称物主代词单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性myouryouryourits/his/hertheir名词性mineoursyoursyoursits/his/herstheirs1、 形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词，一般不单独使用. eg: My name is Tom.( 形容词性物主代词)2、名词性物主代词，后面不能加名词,名词性物主代词常与of 连用He is a friend of mine(我的一个朋友) eg：Our classroom is as big as _(they) . / This is a

42、friend of _(my).注: 1) 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+ 名词(上题中mine=my friends)2)形容词性物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词. My own house = a house of my own 三. 反身代词：“某某自己；亲自”单数复数第一人称myself ourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himself/herself/itselfthemselves记忆小窍门: 反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f 替.反身代词的常用搭配: enjoy onesel

43、f过得愉快 hurt oneself受伤 teach oneself = learn.by oneslf自学 help oneself to 随便吃/用 look after oneself leave sb by oneself 让某人独自留下dress oneself某人自己穿衣服 improve oneself提高某人自己四.指示代词五、疑问代词：(P93考点五)用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词，通常位于句首，引出特殊疑问句。六.不定代词的区别.1.one与it 的区别: One 代替同类事物中的一种. 而it代替上文中出现的某事物. This book is a good one . M

44、ay I borrow it ?2.some与any 的区别一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑问句, He asked me for some paper , but I didnt have any .但在疑问句中，若要表示说话人希望得到肯定的回答或表示请求、建议时应用some。此类句型常以could, would开头或what about /how about 的句中。May I have some water ?(希望得到肯定的回答)3.many与much的区别Many+可数名词的复数 ；Much+不可数名词，都相当于 a lot of +复数名词/不可数名词注:a lo

45、t of 常不用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much .4.a few /few /a little /little 的区别表否定(几乎没有)表肯定(有一点)修饰可数名词fewa few修饰不可数名词littlea little例题：His story is easy to read，there are _ new words in it .Hurry up ! There is _ time left .5.each / every 的区别each 强调个体，表示两者或两者以上的人或物中的每一个.every 强调整体，表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一个.There are tree

46、s and frowers on _ side of the street . / _ student has read a story .:each 可以与of 连用, each of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数.而every 不能与of 连用.只能放在名词前作定语. Each of us _(study )hard .6. no one 与none 的区别no one 指人，表示没有人, 不能与of 连用， 谓语常用单数。none of +复数名词/ 代词，作主语时，既指人又可指物，谓语常用单数。.The boys were all tired , but _ of them stopped

47、 to have a rest . .更多资料378459309制作：7.both /neither /either /all / none / any 的区别都都不任何一个两者之间bothneithereither三者或三者以上allnoneanyThere are many trees on _ side of the river . A. both B.any C.either D.all 8.other /the other /others /the others 的区别9.复合不定代词.(    )1(2015·)Everyone makes

48、mistakes in his lifeThe important thing is not to repeat         it       Bthem      Chim      Dher(    )2(2015·)Thereare enough cups for each visitor to have &

49、#160;      Aone      Bit        Cthis     Dthat(    )3(2015·凉山) -Is the man who is singing your teacher?-Yes，he teachesPhysicsAwe        Bou

50、r      Cours      Dus(    )5(2015·潍坊)Lucy's strawberries are fresher than        AI        Bme        Cmy  

51、0;  Dmine (    )7(2015·)  -I'm afraid I won't pass the exam         -Come on，BillYou should believe inThat's the secret of success         Amyself     &#

52、160;    Bourselves         Cyourself         Dyourselves(    )8(2015·)The book must be Lily'sLook! name is on the cover        AHer  

53、60;     BHis        CIts         DMy(    )9(2015·威海)        The building is emptylives there        ANobody &#

54、160;     BAnybody       CSomebody(    )10(2015·)There iswrong with my back and it hurts seriously         Aanything        Bsomething   

55、0;    Cnothing(    )11(2015·资阳)         -Would you like some more noodles，Celia?         -Yes，just，please         Aa few    &

56、#160;  Bfew      Ca 1ittle     Dlittle(    )12(2015·)-What'sname?-is Eric         Ahis；He         Bhis；His      

57、0;  Che；His         Dhe；He(    )13(2015·)-Come hereI'll tell youabout your study-OK，we're coming             Aanything important      Bsomething im

58、portant         Cimportant anything       Dimportant something(    )14(2015·)-Which of the two subjects do you like，Art or Music?         -They are really interesting

59、0;        ANeither       BBoth       CNone(    )15(2015·)-Do you need an apple or a pear?  -，I really don't mind         ABoth 

60、0;          BNone         CEither           DNeither(    )16(2015·眉山) -Would you please tell mein today's newspaper?         -Sorry。I haven't read it yet         Asom