2020年高考英语专题训练系列3-4阅读理解议论文

1、3.4阅读理解议论文-2020年高考英语专题训练系列（一）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Anger is an emotion that can be hard to control. Despite this, we should learn how to manage anger in a constructive manner. In the most intense moments of anger, we usually have two choices - to fight or to run. Some choose the option of

2、 violence, which is a negative reaction to anger; and others choose to run. But the option of walking away and calming down is the more productive method of handling anger. It is difficult to walk away, especially when your heart is racing, and your anger is boiling over.There are some other constru

3、ctive ways of handling anger in any situation. First, you have to stop for a brief moment and think before you act. Take that moment and calm down if you feel yourself being pushed.At that moment you should admit you are angry. If you refuse to admit you are angry or hurt, or if you make it appear t

4、hat everything is all right, you are not managing angry in a productive way. You should first admit you are angry and let your feelings out before you blow up. For example, you can stay in a quiet place by yourself and shout; or you can talk to close friends to pour out your rage （ 愤怒）.If you do not

5、 acknowledge your anger, it only builds up inside you and will eventually explode like a volcano.Then, in order to manage your angry, you can ask yourself an important question that we all must ask ourselves What made me angry? When you get the answer, and then ask yourself Why did that madeangry? T

6、hrough such logical reasoning, one tends to calm down and move towards a sensible solution.1. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 is to.A. provide an exampleB. make a comparisonC. introduce a new statementD. develop a previous statement2. If people face anger,.A. they know how to manage itB. it i

7、s often quite hard to get awayC. they can only choose to fight or to runD. they believe running means being a coward3. It can be inferred from Para. 3 and 4 that.A. one can handle anger by oneself or in groupsB. the first step of handling anger is to calm downC. a person may handle anger by asking r

8、andom questionsD. acknowledging anger will do harm to a person s health4. The main purpose of the passage is .A. to tell readers what anger isB. to explain why anger is hard to controlC. to show the importance of handling angerD. to offer tips on handling anger助读词汇emotion n. 情感constructive n. 建设性的in

9、tense adj. 激烈的productive adj. 富有成效的acknowledge vt. 承认explode vi. 爆发sensible adj. 明智的boil over 沸腾；爆发blow up 爆炸pour out 发泄build up 积累logical reasoning 逻辑推理（二 ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。The secret to happiness is keeping busy, research has found.Keeping the mind occupied with tasks no matter how

10、 meaningless keeps off negative emotions, the study found.However, the bad news is that humans are seemingly born to be lazy in order to save energy, according to Professor Christopher Hsee, a behavioral scientist at Chicago University.In a study, 98 students were asked to complete two surveys. Afte

11、r they had completed the first, they were made to wait 15 minutes to receive the next one. They were given a choice of either handing in the first survey nearby or at a more distant location they had to walk to. Whichever option they chose, they received a chocolate bar.It turned out that approximat

12、ely two-thirds (68 students) chose the lazy option. Those who had taken the walk reported feeling happier than those who had stayed put.Prof. Hsee concluded that keeping busy helped keep people happy. He said the findings, reported in the journal Psychological Science, had policy implications.“Gover

13、nmentsmay increase the happiness of idle (闲散的)citizens by having them build bridges that are actually useless ” , he proposed.At the indiv idual level, he advised,“ Get up and do something. Anything. Even if there really is no point towhat you are doing, you will feel better for it. He added, a Inci

14、dentally, thinking deeply or engaging in self-reflection counts as keeping busy, too.“You do not need to be running around. You just need to be engaged, either physically or mentally.1. Keeping busy can make people happy because.A. it can help people get rid of lazinessB. it can make people sleep be

15、tterC. it can help get rid of negative emotionsD. it can give people a sense of achievement2. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. The finding may contribute to politics.B. The officials have taken Prof. Hsee s advice.C. In the study half students handed in the first

16、 survey nearby.D. Governments can increase citizens happiness by building bridges.3. What can we infer from the passage?A. Everybody is born to be lazy.B. Only by keep working all the time can you gain happiness.C. Prof. Hsee s findasgpublished in Psychological Science.D. Keeping busy can add to the

17、 possibility of being happy.4. What is the author s purpose in writing this passage?A. To explain what happiness is.B. To advise people not to sit around.C. To advise people to do what they like to.D. To show people how to take life correctly.助读词汇behavioral adj. 行为的approximately adv. 大约propose vt. 建

18、议individual adj. 个人的self-reflection n. 反省occupied with 忙于keep off 避开negative emotion 负面情绪stay put 留在原处不动policy implication 政策意义（三 ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Too often we accuse others of not listening, pretending that we ourselves are faultless, yet we know that many of the mistakes we make c

19、ome about because we haven t listened carefully enough. We get things wrongbe cause we haven t quite understood what someone meant when they were talking to us. Anyone who has ever taken the minutes of a long meeting will know how hard it tos remember despite the benefit of notes exactly what everyo

20、ne said. But success depends on getting things right and that means listening.Listening isn t the same thing as hearing; it s not an effort actively. It demands attention and concentratiIt may mean quizzing the speaker for additional information or for clarification it s alywsabetter to ask than to

21、continue regardless and get things wrong. However, if you allow your mind to wander onto something else, even for a few minutes, you ll miss what the speaker is sayipnrgobably at the ve ry moment when he/she is saying something c ritical. And not having heard, you won t know you ve missed anything u

22、ntil it s too laThe most common bad habit we have is to start thinking of what we re going to say about the subject lbefore the other speaker has finished. We then stop listening. Even worse, this often adds rudeness to inattentiveness, as once you ve decided what to say there s a fair chance you ll

23、 interrupt to say it.don t interrupt. In fact it s often worth explaining the main idea of what youbefore con tinvueinjugst been toldto make your own points. Nobody is offended by this and it shows you have listened well.Above all, be patient and accept that many people arent good communicators. Its

24、 helpful to rethe ways people move and position themselv es while they re speaking can reveal much about what they reEqually important, you should put yourself in the other person s place; itWhah etewoueunderstandgetting at and form a response. But don t be too clever. Faced with aakn many people ke

25、ep quiet because they see no point in continuing.1. Which is the best title for this passage?A. Don Be Too CleverB. Be a Good listenerC. Don Mtss Anything CriticalD. Think of the Speaker2. The underlined part can be best replaced by.A. what they implyB. what they lackC. what they attackD. what they

26、achieve3. We know the following from the last paragraph EXCEPT.A. a number of people are not good at communicatingB. body gestures can tell a lot about what people are sayingC. we should think more of others while having a talkD. faced with a know-all, we should try our best to be clever4. What is t

27、he lesson we can learn from this passage?A. Don ;accuse others of not listening while talking with them.B. We should blame ourselves for not understanding other.C. Listening inattentively may lead to your failure in talk.D. Think carefully of what you ll say before the speaker finishes.助读词汇faultless

28、 adj. 完美的；无缺点的quiz vt.询问clarification n. 说明critical adj.关键的reveal vt.透露inattentiveness n.不专心know-all n.自以为无所不知的人accuse sb. of 指责某人makecome about 使发生additional information 进一步的信息wander onto 游荡到intellectually and emotionally 知性上和情感上（四 ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Although many Chinese students sa

29、y that their knowledge of English grammar is good, most would admit that their spoken English is poor. Whenever I speak to a Chinese student, they always say,is “ Mypoor. ” However, their spoken English does not have to remain“ poor ” ! I would like to suggest that there msome reasons for their prob

30、lems with spoken English.First, they fail to find suitable words to express themselves due to a limited vocabulary. Obviously the better answer is to expand their vocabulary. However, you can speak with a limited vocabulary, if your attitude is positive. Others will follow you as long as you use the

31、 words that you know.Second, they re afraid of making mistakes. Somimeets they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervous. Yet students should remember that their goal should be fluency not accuracy. Your aim in writing is to be accurate following the rules for grammar and

32、 using the right words and spelling them correctly. However, in speaking your aim is fluency. You want to get your message across, to talk to someone in English, as quickly and as well as you can, even though sometimes you may use a wrong word or tense, but it doesn because the person you are speaki

33、ng to will understand you and make allowances for any mistakes he hears.The third reason is that not enough attention is paid to listening. You have one mouth but two ears! All that hearing was necessary for you to start speaking.Fourth, most Chinese students are reactive rather than proactive langu

34、age learners. Instead of actively seeking out opportunities to improve their spoken English, they passively wait for speaking opportunities to come to them and wonder why their English always remains poor. If you have this proactive outlook, then you will see English opportunities wherever you go.If

35、 you don t use your English beyond the classroom, you ll forget what English you know. Remember: ulose it! You can learn how to speak English better by speaking English more.1. What can be inferred from the third paragraph?A. Don t be fluency. Just be accuracy!B. Don t be nervous, don t be shy. Just

36、 write!C. Don t be afraid of making mistakes. Just speak!D. Don t be shy, don be flut ency. Just listen and write!2. The last paragraph is possibly close to the meaning of A. more hurry, less speedB. better late than neverC. silence is goldD. practice makes perfect3. To improve spoken English, stude

37、nts should EXCEPT A. try their best to enrich their vocabularyB. try to avoid being afraid of making mistakesC. pay more attention to listening before opening mouthD. try to be as reactive as possible in learning English4. The passage is most probably taken from a B. report on studyD. movie magazine

38、A. teacher s diaryC. sports newspaper助读词汇reactive adj. 被动的proactive adj. 积极主动的expand vt. 扩大tense n. 时态accuracy n. 准确性outlook n. 看法passively adv. 被动地getacross被理解seek out 找出；搜出make allowance for 体谅（五 ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Children now worry more about their parents spending too much time o

39、n their mobiles or computers than parents worry about their children. Those who order their children to switch off televisions, computers or mobile phones because they fear they are becoming addicted might need to take a long hard look at their own screen habits, new research shows.Almost 70% of chi

40、ldren think their parents spent too much time on their mobile phone, iPad or other similar devices, a research found. More than a third of children worry that their parents struggle to switch off from technology and a quarter of children surveyed openly accuse them of double standards when it comes

41、to excessive （过多的）use of mobile devices, televisions and computers. One in five British children say their parents do not listen to them properly when they are together because they are so busy checking their emails or picking up work messages.The survey was carried out by Opinion Matters, a researc

42、h agency for the New Forest National Park Authority. The authority has recently begun providing facilities for visitors to hand in mobile phones, tablets and other devices for fear that technology is invading （侵扰）family life and making it impossible for people to appreciate nature properly because t

43、hey never switch off.Dr Richard Graham, a consultant adolescent psychiatrist and expert in technology addiction at Capio Nightingale Hospital in London, said there is growing evidence that children are finding their parents preoccupation with communication technology increasingly worrisome.Four in t

44、en of the children surveyed admitted that they sometimes communicate with their parents by text, email or social media even they are in the next room. The survey found that six in ten parents worry their children are spending too much time glued to small screens at home but almost seven in ten child

45、ren have the same fear for their parents.Dr Aric Sigman told the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health conference that parents who cannot switch off risk driving them to a lifelong dependency on screens with striking similarities to alcoholism.1. How many children questioned worry their pare

46、nts spend too much time on screens?A. One in three.B. One in four.C. One in five.D. Almost seven in ten.2. According to the Paragraph 3, we learn that.A. screen habits are ruining family lifeB. parents have trouble receiving work messagesC. children do not listen to their parents properlyD. parents

47、are openly accused of double standards3. According to Graham, what s children s attitude to their parents screen habits?A. Approving. B. Doubtful. C. Upset. D. Indifferent.4. What is the main purpose of this passage?A. To introduce the mobiles and computers to adults.B. To advise parents to spend mo

48、re time on their children.C. To describe the difficulties today s parents have met with.D. To compare today s-pchairlednrtelationship with that in the past.助读词汇device n. 设备facility n. 设施consultant n. 顾问evidence n. 证据；迹象preoccupation n. 入神dependency n. 依赖alcoholism n. 酗酒switch off 关掉accuse sb. of 指责某

49、人double standards 双重标准when it comes to 当提到carry out 实施；完成for fear that 生怕；以防glued to 盯住不放striking similarities 惊人的相似性（六 ）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。There was once a lonely girl who longed desperately for love. One day while she was walking in the woods she found two starving song birds. She to

50、ok them home and put them in a small golden cage. She nurtured （ 养育 ） them with love and the birds grew strong. Every morning they greeted her with a marvelous （ 动听的 ） song. The girl felt great love for the birds. She wanted their singing to last forever.One day the girl left the door to the cage op

51、en. The larger and stronger of the two birds flew from the cage.The girl watched anxiously as he circled high above her. She was so frightened that he would fly away and she would never see him again that as he flew close, she grasped at him wildly. She caught him in her fist. She seized him tightly

52、 within her hand. Her heart delighted at her success in capturing him. Suddenly she felt the bird go limp. She opened her hand stared in horror at the dead bird. Her desperate seizing love had killed him.She noticed the other bird swinging on the edge of the cage. She could feel his great need for f

53、reedom, his need to fly high into the clear, blue sky. She lifted him from the cage and threw him softly into the air. The bird circled once, twice, three times.The girl loo ked delightedly at the bird s enjoyment. Her heart was no longer concerned with her loss. Shewanted the bird to be happy. Sudd

54、enly the bird flew closer and landed softly on her shoulder. It sang the sweetest melody, she had ever heard.The fastest way to lose love is to hold on too tight, the best way to keep love is to give it - WINGS!1. Why did the girl save the two starving birds?A. To make money.B. To seek love.C. To pr

55、otect other birds.D. To enjoy the songs.2. The underlined phrase in Paragraph 2 probably means.A. get ill B. be tight C. turn weak D. become wild3. What can we learn about the second bird?A. He was set free and sang songs in return.B. He pretended to stay in the cage.C. He managed to escape from the

56、 cage.D. He tried hard to help his fellow bird.4. The main purpose of the passage is to tell us.A. how to protect birdsB. how to nurture birdsC. how to keep your loveD. how to share your love助读词汇starving adj.饥饿的circle vi. 盘旋wildly adv.野蛮地fist n.拳头capture vt.抓住melody n.旋律；歌曲grasp at 抓住delight at为而欣喜l

57、ong desperately for 非常渴望(七)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Life is hard even harder than anyone thought it would be. When you were younger, you dreamed of the world being your playground, and you were told that you could do anything and be anyone you wanted. Somehow, though, things haven been that smooth sailing you wanted them to be. The world seems to go against you, and the last thing you want to hear is “Cheer up!”Still, there re a couple of things you might not notice about your situation. Next time you the following will provide motivation:Firs