中考英语复习语法专项突破篇专题十四主谓一致和特殊句式ppt课件

1、PK中考 英语湖南语法专题十四 主谓一致和特殊句式中考名题体验1.(2021年郴州)Look！A woman with three children crossing the street. Lets help them. A. is B. are C. was 2.2021年常德Fifty yuan enough. A.is B. am C. are AA3.2021年邵阳)One of my friends moved to America.I miss her so much.A.has B.have C.are4.2021年永州Neither Li Hua Nor I good at

2、writing A.am B.is C.are 5.(2021年张家界)Playing computer games too much bad for students health. A.am B.is C.are 中考名题体验AAB语法探求语法探求一、主谓一致 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上坚持一致，主谓一致必需遵照三原那么：语法一致原那么，意义一致原那么，就近一致原那么。 一语法一致 即主语是单数方式，谓语动词用单数；主语是复数方式，谓语动词用复数。详细用法如下： 1.谓语动词用单数的情况 1单数名词或代词作主语时： The young man is from Shandong.

3、那位年轻人来自山东。 2动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时： To err is human，to forgive is divine.人非圣贤，孰能无过。 Seeing is believing.眼见为实。 What hurts us the most teaches us the best . 损伤我们最深的对我们教育最深。 3由each以及some, any, no, every 等构成的复合不定代词作主语时；Nothing in the world can take the place of persistence.世界上没有任何东西可以替代坚持。 2.谓语动词用复数的情况1复数

4、名词或代词作主语时 They are brother.他们是兄弟。 Vegetables are good for your health.蔬菜对他身体有益处。2由and 或bothand衔接的并列成分作主语时 Lucy and Lily are twins.露西和莉莉是双胞胎。 3以两个部分组成的物体名词如：scissors剪子，glasses眼镜，shorts短裤，trousers裤子作主语时，谓语动词常用复数。假设其前带有单位词，那么由单位词的单、复数方式决议动词的单复数方式。 Jims new trousers are black and white.吉姆的裤子是黑白色的。 One p

5、air of scissors isnt enough.一把剪刀不够。 Two pairs of glasses are on the desk.桌上有两副眼镜。 3.特殊情况 当主语后面跟有由as well as,with,in addition to,along with, together with,except,besides, rather than,more than,no less than等引导的词组时，随后的动词方式依前面的主语的单复数而定。 Bill，together with his sister，was hurt in the accident.比尔和他的妹妹都在事故中

6、受伤了。 二意义一致 意义一致即是谓语的单复数方式起决于主语的单复数意义，而非起决于主语的单复数方式。 1集体名词如class，team，family，government，public等当整体对待时，谓语动词用单数方式；集体名词当组成集体的的各个成员对待时，谓语动词用复数方式。 Her family has moved to Beijing.她家搬到北京去了。 Her family are watching TV now.她的家人正在看电视。 2表示数目、时间、金钱、间隔的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数 One hundred dollars is enough.100美圆就够了。 3由and

7、 衔接的并列主语表同一概念时，谓语动词用单数；由and 衔接的并列主语表不同概念时，谓语动词用复数。 The scientist and inventor is his father.那位科学家兼发明家是他父亲。 The scientist and inventor are coming to our school.那位科学家和那位发明家都要到我们学校来。 4“分数或百分数of名词及“a lot of/lots of/plenty of/half of名词构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词方式要视of后面的名词而定。Lots of food is going to waste.许多食物将要浪费。L

8、ots of apples have been picked.许多苹果都摘好了。Thirty-five percent of the doctors are women.医生中有35%是女医生。 三就近一致就近原那么即谓语动词的方式起决于最接近它的名词的单、复数方式。 1.由or，nor，eitheror，neithernor，not onlybut also等衔接的并列构造作主语时，随后的动词方式遵照“就近原那么 My sisters or my brother is likely to be at home.我的姐姐或是哥哥能够在家。 Neither these nor that fits

9、 me.这些和那个都不适宜我。 2.由There be +并列主语作主语时，由接近be的主语决议。 There is a pen and two books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔和两本书。二、特殊句式 一强调句 1.强调句根本句型为“It is(was)+被强调部分+that(who)+其他，此构造强调的成分仅限于主语，宾语和状语。 It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening昨晚在实验室做实验的是我父亲。 2. 强调句还有一种类型，就是用助动词do/did/does调谓语。 She

10、does like this horse. 她确实喜欢这匹马二倒装句 (1)“so+助动词be动词情态动词+主语，意为“某人物也是这样，用来阐明上面说的情况也同样适用于后面所说的人或物。 Jim is smart，so is Carl.吉姆很聪明，卡尔也是。2“neither+助动词be动词情态动词+主语，意为“某人物也同样不用于阐明上面说的否认情况也同样适用于后面所说的人或物。 I didnt watch TV last night,neither did my father.我昨晚没看电视，我父亲也没有。 3以副词here，there，out，in，down，away等方位副词开头的句子，

11、假设主语是名词，要用倒装语序。假设主语是代词，那么不需倒装。 There comes the bus.公共汽车来了。 Here are some flowers.这里有一些花。专项集训专项集训一、用括号内所给词的适当方式填空1.Every working elephant haveits own keeper.2. Most of the drinking water _ (be) from the Black River.3. Not only she but also I _ (do) morning exercises every day.4. Either you or he _ (h

12、ave) made a wrong decision.5. The family _(be) spending the weekend together.hasisdohasare6. The police _ (be) trying to catch the thief.7. The number of the teachers in the school _(be) 120.二 、语法填空1.Eating vegetables_ good for our health.A. is B. are C. were 2. Something _ gone wrong with my TV set

13、.A. has B. have C. is areisAA3.Nothing but grass and trees _ the hill.A. covers B. cover C. are covering4.The trousers_ to me.A. belong B. belongs C. is belonged 5. His family _always quarreling among _.A. is; itself B. are; themselvesC. is; themselves CAC6. There _ a desk, two beds and four chairs in the room. A. is B. are C. has 7. On the wall _ two large portraits(肖