物理学专有名词英汉版

1、激光器 laser量子qua ntum能量en ergy晶体crystal光学optical光纤fiber方程equatio n计算calculated薄膜films测量measureme nt非线性non li near散射scatteri ng电子electro n输出output脉冲pulse衍射diffractio n等离子体plasma物理physics耦合coupli ng频率freque ncy半导体semic on ductor光束beam of light磁场magn etic波长wavele ngth吸收absorpti on光栅grati ng/raster/raster

2、display相互作用in teracti on相位 phase原子 atom辐射radiatio n强度inten sity相干cohere nt波导waveguide空间space离子ion发射emissi on噪声no ise系数coefficie nt介质medium电场Electric field折射率Refractive in dex厚度thick ness矩阵matrix增益gai n光谱spectra色散dispers ion粒子particle阈值threshold相变phase cha nge误差error自旋spi n电荷charge/electric charge共振r

3、es onance能级en ergy近似approximati on放电discharge激发excitati on液晶liquid crystal跃迁tran siti on /jump/jump ing金属metal干涉in terfere nee光场Optical field磁性magn etic相对论relativistic荧光fluoresce nee超导superc on duct ing咼斯gaussia n光子phot on玻璃glass中子n eutr on溅射sputteri ng基态ground state真空vacuum混沌chaotic量子力学quantum晶格lat

4、tice固体solid压缩squeez ing沉积depositi on调制modulati on峰值peak红外in frared寿命lifetime退火ann eali ng衬底substrate偏振polarizati on电磁场electromag netic导出derived反射reflect ion金刚石diam ond量子阱well缺陷defects染料dye传播propagati on4日 参量parameters物理学physics实验中experime nt光强inten sityof light透射tran smissi on电磁electromag netic全息hol

5、ographic传输propagati on对称性symmetry非晶amorphous碰撞collisio n电压voltage激发态excited state常数con sta nt矢量vector脉冲激光Pulsed laser推导derived拉曼rama n振幅amplitude输运tran sport弛豫relaxati on透镜lens扩散diffusi on物理实验experiment电离ioni zati on观察到observed孤子solit on损耗loss符合agreeme nt宽度width合金alloy波函数wave fun cti on可调谐tun able相干

6、态cohere nt动量mome ntum介电dielectric光源Optical source振子oscillator光子晶体photonic经典classical光学系统optical位相phase咼斯光束gaussian beam入射in cide nee高能en ergy成像imagi ng自发spontan eous器件devices大学物理physics激光脉冲laser burst周期periodic掺杂doped激光束laser光栅 grat ing 探测器 detector电子结构 electronic structure吸收光谱absorpti on spectrum微扰

7、perturbati on能谱energy spectrum极化polarizati on超导体superc on ductor扫描sca nning冷光lumin esce nee算符operator解析an alytical梯度gradie nt反射率reflectivity物质matter /material衰变decay灵敏度sen sitivity非线性光nonlinear optical学能带band/en ergy band傅里叶fourier喇曼rama n溅射sputteri ng夸克quark各向异性anisotropic声子phonon电子束electro n beam多

8、层multilayer干涉仪in terferometer传感器sensor等效equivale nt环形ring铁电ferroelectric单模mode展开expa nsion装置In stallati on /device带电charged规范磁场中gauge magn etic液体liquid谐振子/oscillator振荡器调qq-switched势能pote ntial分形fractal杂质impurity光波导optical waveguide拟合fitt ing电磁波electromag netic wave电阻率resistivity化合物compo unds纠缠entan

9、gleme nt阵列array束缚bound瞬态tran sie ntstate团簇clusters射频rf (radio frequency)振荡oscillati on聚合物polymer质子proto n聚焦focus ing几率probability脉冲宽度pulse width散斑speckle锁模mode-locked光致发光 photoluminescenee定理theorem准分子excimer静电electrostatic格林gree n正电子positr on光折变photorefractive光学特性 opticalproperty放大器amplifier混频 mixi

10、ng 谐振腔res on ator精确exact叠加superpositi on超导电性 superconductivity局域local立方cubic不稳定性in stability导体con ductor一致agreeme nt同步synchroni zati on蒙特mon te偶极dipole标量scalar阴极cathode铁磁ferromag netic载流子carrier放大amplificati on带隙band gap涨落fluctuati on带宽ban dwidth受激stimulated激光系统laser system倍频Freque ncy doubli ng调谐tu

11、ning超晶格superlattice近似下approximati on变分variatio n衰减atte nu ati on衍射效率 diffractionefficiency重复repetiti on离子束ion beam/cluster二极管diode溶胶sol-gel菲涅耳fres nel多晶polycrystalli ne氧化物oxide重复频率 Repeat frequency rate 位错dislocati on非晶态 amorphous压缩效应 squeezing /pinch effect 磁致电阻 magnetoresistanee多模multimode气压pressu

12、re滤波器filter极化子polaro n孔径aperture激光晶体laser crystal同步加速器syn chrotr on库仑coulomb比热Specific heat线宽lin ewidth卡罗carlo量子点dots?可见光visible light相移phase shift ing介电常数dielectric coefficie nt开关switch傅里叶fourier拉曼光谱 raman spectrum压强pressure角动量angular momentum蒙特卡罗monte守恒con servati on衬底上substrate （基底，基片）棱镜prism功率Po

13、wer/capacity激发子exciton （电子空穴对）反常ano malous平面波pla ne wave夕卜腔exocoele自发辐身寸 spontaneous radiation 简并dege nerate场分布fielddistributio n蓝宝石sapphire吸收系数absorpti on coefficie nt声场Sou nd field基片substrateza.、1久 绿光gree n light结合能binding energy万有弓丨力 gravitational激光等离子体 Laser plasma受激准分Excimer laser子激光器观测到的observ

14、ed混沌系统chaotic system吸收谱absorpti on spectrum条纹Stripe/stria共轭conjugate ?张量te nsor磁矩magn etic mome nt量子理论 quantum theory全息图hologram阻抗impeda nee光学元件optical eleme nt纠缠态entan gle state多光子multiphot on湮没anni hilati on依赖dependence蒸气vapor组态con figurati on ?磁化magn etizati on角分布angular distribution制作fabricati o

15、n消光exti nction成核现象nucleation相图一phase diagram球面spherical surface振子强度oscillator stre ngth势垒barrier发散diverge nee退火温度annealing temperature分光仪spectrometer裂变fissio n光学性能optical property腔内Intra cavity ?频谱Frequency spectrum粗糙度rough ness探针probe带电粒子 charged particle金刚石薄膜diam ond film微结构microstructure能带Energy

16、band测量结果measureme ntresult麦克斯韦maxwell电导率con ductivity束缚态bound state ?非弹性in elastic焦距focal磁化强度magnetization (intensity )结晶crystal谐波harm onic wave级联cascade conn ecti on荧光光谱fluoresce nee spectrum ?不确定度uncertainty红外光线的in frared多层膜multilayer film发射光谱emission spectrum波阵面wavefr ont费米fermi吸收峰absorptio n pea

17、k量子化qua ntizati on微观的Microcosmic手征的chiral自由电子Free electron 沉积（物）depositionquartz dispersi on electrostatic显微镜microscope耦合系数coupling coefficient耦合器coupler分数的fracti onal偏振光polarized light分裂splitti ng晶化crystallizatio n幅度amplitude相对论性relativistic折射refractio n叠加态superpositi on振荡器oscillator光散射scatteri ng光

18、斑spot解析表达式-an alytical激光技术laser曲率curvature托卡马克tokamak相干性cohere nee列阵array均匀性uni formity表示represe ntati on标度scali ng能隙gap湍流turbule nee外场field超短脉冲ultrashort激光光束laser中文英文原子核 的nuclear石英散射 静电的场论 field没positr on电势pote ntial介子mes on俘获capture输出能量output双折射birefri ngence宏观macroscopic双稳bistable绝热adiabatic双原子di

19、atomic窗口wi ndow势能函数potential石墨graphite声学acoustic子数nu mber散射问题scattering辉光discharge聚变fusi on激光能量en ergy中文英文溶胶-凝sol-gel胶辐射场radiati on隧穿tunn eli ng单脉冲pulse激励excited耗散dissipative轨道orbital磁通flux非均匀in homoge neous核磁共振nmr正电子湮光激光器laser 水热hydrothermal提拉法czochralski牛顿n ewt on失谐det uning环形腔 ring禁带传感band sensin

20、g泵浦功率pump格林函数gree n s中文英文普通物理physics核子nucleon掺ybyb滤光片filter相干光cohere nt势阱well光波light电子态states增益系数gain离子注入ion反射镜mirror蓝光blue场理论field波段wavele ngth格点lattice玻色子bos on磁化率 susceptibility 熔体 melt 相位共轭conjugation热传导中文heat英文光吸收absorpti on压缩态squeezed依赖关系dependence真空态vacuum场发射emissi on磁体magnet基底substrate声波wave

21、薄膜厚度thickness红外光谱in frared空位 驻波 能量分布 周期性vacancy sta nding en ergy periodic媒质medium外磁场field晶格常数lattice钙钛矿perovskite腔场cavity偏压bias中文英文磁性能magn etic可见visible拉曼散射rama n传输特性propagation非对称asymmetric非线性效non li near应硬度hard ness光子数phot on无限infinite光路optical光线ray点阵lattice晶须whiskers宽带broadba nd速率方程equation有序ord

22、ered爱因斯坦einstein空穴hole中微子n eutri no演示dem on strati on中文英文电弧arc激光作用laser自由能en ergy最大值maximum误差分析error中心波长wavelength光开关 傅立叶optical fourier蓝宝石sapphire钉扎pi nning强度分布intensity加速器acceleratornd: yagyag频移shift彩虹rain bow输运性质transport起伏fluctuati on塞曼zeema n腔长cavity外差heterod yne中文英文透过率tran smissi on层厚度thick ne

23、ss全固态laser热导率con ductivity偏转deflecti on反铁磁an tiferromag netic分岔bifurcati on波动方程equation电容capacita nee铁氧体ferrite离解dissociati on光通信optical非平衡non equilibrium磁电阻效应mag netoresista nee球形spherical多量子qua ntum势模型pote ntial发散角diverge nee宇宙线cosmic法拉第 faraday 中文英文霍尔hall导电con duct ing四极quadrupole谐振res onance电位po

24、te ntial红宝石ruby微扰理论perturbation 超精细hyperfi ne红外激光laser 调制器modulator二次谐波harmonic 电子能谱spectroscopy 压缩特性squeezing 电场强度field 时空space-time电导con ducta nee损伤阈值threshold 声速sound成象imagi ng约束confin eme nt中文英文成像系统imaging 薄膜结构films 布里渊brilloui n严格 exact刻蚀etchi ng激光测距laser矫顽力coercivity相互作用势pote ntial全息术holograph

25、y强子hadro n移动 shift 矩阵方法matrix ktp晶体ktp像差aberratio n场作用field辉光放电glow算子operator电介质dielectric中文英文顺磁paramag netic散射特性scatteri ng展宽broade ning凝聚condensed光调制器modulator膜厚thick ness穆斯mossbauer高温超导 superc on duct ing穆斯堡尔mossbauer微观结构microstructure变分法variatio nal喇曼散射rama n半导体材料semic on ductor非弹性散in elastic射磁光

26、magn eto-optical连续波cw无序disorder重整化reno rmalizati on相互作用系统in teract ing液态liquid中文英文激光波长wavelength双原子分.子diatomic光阑aperture维数dime nsion偶极子dipole胶子glu on激光泵浦pumpedraman 散射1 Cll 1 IC1I 1衍射分析diffraction光谱研究spectra 最大输出output 输出激光laser圆柱cyli ndrical非相干in cohere nt向列n ematic限幅limit ing金刚石膜diamond导率con ducti

27、vity迭加superpositi on中文英文行波wave原子力显 微镜afm载流子浓度carrier单晶体crystal迁移率mobility弛豫时间relaxati on回旋cyclotr on格子lattice光折变晶 体photorefractive烧蚀ablati on光学势 optical 反射系数reflection熔化melt ing光纤通信optical 准分子激 .光器 excimer对比度 con trast 度面粗糙roughness泵浦光猝灭pumpque nching规范场gauge归一化no rmalized矩阵法matrix奇偶eve n中文英文天线anten

28、na能量转换en ergy脉冲能量en ergy脉冲激光口一 口laser器引力场field干涉条纹fringes感生in duced外加applied集团cluster荧光寿命lifetime测量误差error光电子能谱-photoelectron光输出output色散补偿dispersion重复率repetiti on可饱和saturable宇称parity莫尔moire本征值eige nv alue四方tetra gonal量子数qua ntum渐近asymptotic扰动perturbati on自旋波spi n被动调 q q-switched超导薄膜superc on duct in

29、g定谔schrodi nger数目nu mber信号增益gain偏置bias包层claddi ng势函数 高温超导 体 动能pote ntialsuperc on ductorsen ergy频域freque ncy电荷密度charge薛定谔schrod in ger偏振特性polarization色心cen ters光谱仪spectrometer力场field红光red光声photoacoustic光放大器amplifier共焦con focal发射谱emissi on测不准un certa inty光电子photoelectr on光栅衍射diffractio n抛物parabolic激光

30、照射laser织构texture量子纟片缠entanglement晶系crystal端面endkerr 介质 kerr激光扫描laser对流conv ecti on抽运功率pump 展开法 expa nsion 中文 英文狭义相对 论小信号增益relativitygain表象represe ntati on量子效率quantum磁场强度magnetic凝聚态 conden sed 传输线tran smissi on扩散系数diffusion 双稳态 bistability kdp晶体kdp 数量级 magn itude 离子源 ion 斯托克斯stokes本征in tri nsic宝石激光sa

31、pphire器曝光 exposure 波分复用wavelength偏振态polarizati on列相n ematic高次谐波harm onic传播特性propagation自由电子激光fel电子发射emissi on声源source膜层film色散特性dispersion光速light定态statio nary单相phase原子能en ergy混沌同步 svnchronization光谱学spectroscopy喇曼光谱rama n热释电pyroelectric单光子phot on消光比exti nction强耦合coupli ng亮度bright ness雪崩avala nche荷电cha

32、rged淀积depositi on无规ran dom基体substrate光伏photovoltaic光电离photo ioni zati on中光light激活能en ergy近似方法 approximation溅射法sputteri ng水听器hydroph one退火后ann eali ng耦合系统coupling电动力学 electrodynamics受激喇曼 散射rama n凝固solidificati on粉末衍射diffraction工科physics基质hostraman 光谱rama n斯塔克stark溅射方法sputtering薄膜表面films玻色-爱bose-e in ste in因斯坦能量损失en ergy红外吸收infrared磁共振magn etic隧道结jun cti ons整形shap ing电场分布field阻挡barrier向列相n ematic换能器tran sducer康普顿compt on口径aperture互作用in teractio n分压pressur