专题06 高频语法之状语从句、并列句、特殊句型与语法填空（含答案解析）.docx

1、专题06高频语法之状语从句、并列句、特殊句型与语法填空（解析版）一、状语从句和并列句1 .思维导图从属连词：放在从句前面语序：陈述句语序位置：可位于主句前或后；位于主句前时，T殳用逗号与主句隔开before 和 sincetill,until?nnot.until时间状语从句（when,while,asas soon as,immediately,directly,the moment,the minute,the instant和 one状语从句地点状语从句where,wherever原因状语从句because,as,since,now that九种类型目的状语从句so thatjn ord

2、er that,for fear（that）,in casejest结果状语从句so that,sothat.,such.that.。条件状语从句让步状语从句if,unless（=ifnot如果不;除非.）,so/ as long as（只要）,in case（万一）， on condition that（条件是）,suppose/suppos ing（假设，如果）,provided/provicalthough/though/while , even if/even though ,whetheror.（不管还是）;疑问词+-eve与no matter疑问词I;瞰状语从句as.as, not

3、 so/as.as, than方式状语从句as,as if,as though等There be句型中的be在人称和数上遵循就近原则感叹句there be句型祈使句的形式祈使句what型感叹句:what修饰名词 What a wonderful story(it is)!倒装句There be句型的EC：be有时可用seem/happen/appear to be, is likely to be, stand, lie,existThere be句型的非渭颜乡式:there to be或there being否定形式:Don't+H句；No+v-ing/n,禁止（故MB。祈使句的常用

4、句型肯定形式:D。型(Come in), Be型(Be a good kid!), Let型(Let me have a look.)强调形式:Do+动词原形（+其他）.祈使句+and/or+陈述句:Work hard,and you'll pass the exam.how型感叹句:how修饰形容词、副词How clever she is!完全倒装表示方向、地点和时间的词（here,now,in,out,down,away, there等）或介词短语置于句首且主语是名词as/though作"尽管，虽然“讲，引导让步状语从句：Child as he is, he knows

5、a lot.特殊句式省略句不完全倒装only十状语(从句)”置于句首时:Only in the morning can you meet him.表示伴)否定意义的词语位于句首Blunder no circumstances should you lose heart.在set.that和such.that句型中,so或such置于句首时:S。well did she dance that everyone 叩plauded.hardly/scarcely.when., no sooner.than.句型中的倒装:当虚拟条件句的条件从句中含有were, had, should时，可将if省略，

6、并将we re, had, should提至句首构成部分倒装结构neither/nor7so+助动词/情态动词/be动词+另一主语，意为也（不）是如此.状语从句的省略当时间、条件等状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或是it,且从句谓语中含be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词用s。或not代替上文内容，此时可用"if+so/not"省略句式定语从句中的省略不定式的省略限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词that, which, wh。,whom常可省略。注意:which/whom位于介词之后时，不可省略.当先彳曲是 the time, the day, the reason,

7、the place, the way等时,关系词when,why,where,that等也可省略。在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，可以省去不定式中与前面句子中相同的动词（短语），只保留不定式符号t。不定式作介词but, except的宾语，前面有实义动词d。的某种形式时，不定式常省略to.当两个或两个以上的不定式并列时，后面的不定式符号t。可省略，但表示对比关系时则不能省略.在see, watch等感官动词随语）及使役动词let, make, have后作宾补的不定式不用to,但当变为被动语态时，不可省略2.高考真题再现基本句式：It is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+其他部分强调

8、句特殊形式一般疑问式：Is/Was it+被强调的部分+that/who+其他部分？特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+is/was it+that+其他部分？not until句式：基本句式：It is/was+not until+that+其他部分do型强调结构：肯定句中用于强调谓语He did come here yesterday.1.【2018.天津卷改编】14. It was only when the car pulled up in front of our housewe saw Lily in thepassenger seat.【答案】that【解析】考查强调句。句意：只有当汽车在我

9、们房子前停下来我们才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。这里考查强 调句，强调句型结构为：It is/was +被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/who(当强调主语且主语指 人)+ 其他部分。本题强调时间状语 only when the car pulled up in front of our houseo点睛：本题考查强调句，要求有学生掌握好强调句的常用句型以及相关知识的能力。分析句子时首先要看 清楚结构，It is/was开头而后面跟句子时就要看它是不是强调句了。强调句有一个特点：拿掉It was/isthat后不影响整个句子的完整性，则是强调句。判断完是不是强调句后再根据强调的部分是

10、人还 是物来选择连接词that或者是whoo.【2018W匕京卷改编】8. In any unsafe situation, simply(press) the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.【答案】press【解析】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅掘一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的特工就会使 你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词，连接并列结构，and后面是一个句子，那么，前面也应是句子。只有动词原形可以构成祈使句，其余的都是非谓语动词，无法构成句子。故A选项正确。点睛：祈使句+and/or

11、+陈述句是一种常见结构。当前后两部分间为承接关系时，用and；前后意思为相反关 系时，用。久该句式中的陈述句部分常用一般将来时态。2 .【2018新课标 II 卷语法填空】China's approach to protecting its environment while70 (feed) its citizensnoffers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.【答案】feeding【解析】考查省略句。句

12、意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮 食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略掉了 China is,省略句的 原则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动 词时，那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。故填feeding。3 . 2017-天津卷改编】11. It was when I got back to my apartment I first came across my new neighbors.【答案】that【解析】试题分析：句意：当我回到我的公寓的时候，我首先遇

13、见了我的新邻居。根据关键词Itwas开头, 后面连词首选that,构成强调句型，但需要验证，本句中去掉Itwas和that,句意完整，所以确定是强调 句型。故选that。考点：考查强调句型。【名师点睛】判断一句话是否是强调句的一个方法是去掉强调结构，如果这句话还能够成立就是强调句， 例如这道题，去掉强调结构是：when I got back to my apartment I first came across my new neighbors.这句话是成立的，所以是强调句。除了强调句的陈述句，还需要掌握强调句的一般疑问句和特殊疑问词的 结构，还有强调句做名词性从句的语序问题。3 .考试技巧【

14、关键技法点拨】语法填空解题策略建议今后注意一下强调句型。在未来考试中可能考查到。其考查点有:(/)强调句型用于强调陈述句;(2)强调句型用于强调一般疑问句;(3)强调句型用于强调特殊疑问 句;(4)强调句型用于强调特殊疑问句用在宾语从句的语序;(5)强调句型用于强调not. until.句型。4 .知识点拓展1：考点梳理1 .倒装的必备条件及具体应用；2 .省略的基本原则及用法；3 .强调句的基本结构、句式及其与相似主从复合句的区别。考点1倒装1:完全倒装种类 倒装条件例句here,there,up,down,in,out,off,away 等副词开头的句子完全Out rushed the c

15、hildren.表示强调倒装一表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首Under the tree stood two tablesand four chairs.强调表语，置于句首，或为保持句子平衡Present at the meeting were 1,000 students.2：部分倒装考点2省略种类倒装条件例句部分倒装never,hardly,scarcely,seldom,little,not until,not 等表力、否 je意义的副词放于句首Hardly did I know what had happened.only和修饰的状语放于句首Only then did he real

16、ize the importance of English.not only.but also连接并列的句子，前倒后不倒Not only does he knowFrench,but also he is expert at it.neithernor连接并列的句子，刖后都倒装Neither do I know it,nor do I care about it.sothat,suchthat中的so或such及被修饰的成分放于句首时，主谓要倒装So busy is he that he cannot go on a holiday.as引导的让步状语Child as he is,he has

17、 learned a lot.so,neither或nor表小刖句内谷也适用于另外的人或事He can play the piano.So can I.用于表示祝愿的祈使句中May you be in good health!省略if的虚拟条件Were I you,I would not do it in this way.1 .不定式的省略(1)在动词不定式结构中，为了避免重复，常常省略不定式结构中的动词，只保留t。，常见的词或结构有 expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want

18、, wish, glad, happy, pleased, delighted, have, need, ought, used, be going, be about, be sure, be afraid, be certain, be likely, be ready, be supposed 等 oI asked him to see the film, but he didn't want to.I didn't want to go there, but I had to.一 Will you join in the game?一 rd be glad to.(2)

19、感官动词(see, feel, hear, notice, watch, observe, listen to 等)和使役动词(let, make, have)后接不定式作宾 语补足语时省略t。，但在被动式中不能省略(let除外)。He made me laugh.Please have him come here.I was made to laugh by him.(3)如果不定式是be动词或完成式，则须在to后加上be或have。一 Are you a college student?一 No, but I want to be.(4)介词but意为“除了”，后接不定式，但如果but前面

20、有行为动词do, does, did时，but后的不定式去掉 tOoI didn't have any choice but to wait.I could do nothing but wait patiently.(5)不定式作表语，主语部分中出现了行为动词do, does, did时，作表语的不定式可省略to。What we must do is (to) protect the environment(6)两个及以上不定式并列，后面的to可省略，第一个to不能省略。My mother's job is to look after the baby and clean t

21、he house.2 .虚拟语气中if的省略在虚拟条件从句中，如果把助动词were, had, should提到句首，if要省略。Were I you, I would go with her.3 .限制性定语从句中关系词的省略(1)关系代词who, whom, which和that在定语从句中作动词宾语或作句子末端介词的宾语时可省略。Is there anything (that) you want?Who is the man (that) you were talking to?(2)关系代词that在定语从句中作表语时可省略。Wuhan today is not the city (t

22、hat) it was.(3)关系副词when, where, why通常不能省略，但有特殊情况，即用于day, year, time, place, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere, the reason等少数词后时可以省略(也可换成that),常用于口语。That was the year (when/that) I first went abroad.This is the place (where/that) they met yesterday.That's the reason (why/for which/that) he

23、 came.4 .在对话中，常用so或not来代替上文的一部分或整个从句。这种用法常见的词有hope, think, be afraid, call, say, speak, believe, guess, expect, suppose, imagine, fear, hear 等。一 She must look like a pretty girl.一 Yes, I think so.一 Could I take this book out?Sorry, Tm afraid not.考点3 强调It was John who (that) wore his强调句的基本构成为：It is/w

24、as+被强调部分+who/that+其他成分。best suit to the dance last night.被强调部分指人时，可用who或that;被强调部分指物时，用thatIt was his best suit that John wore to the dance last night.疑问句形式为“Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分”或“特殊疑问词+is/was it+that/who+其他成分”Was it in high school that you began playing basketball?Where was it that you pu

25、t your mobile phone after coming back?notuntil结构中的状语成分在强调句型中被强调时,not与until 要放在一起It was not until he removed his sunglasses that I recognized him.考点4反意疑问句1：陈述部分含有宾语从句的反意疑问句当陈述部分带有宾语从句时，反意疑问部分的主语与谓He said that they would come to my语常和主句保持一致birthday party,didn't he?当陈述部分主句的谓语动词是I expect our English

26、 teacher will be backthis weekend,won91 he/she?this weekend,won91 he/she?think,believe,suppose,guess,expect,imagine,且主句主语为第一人称时，反意疑问部分的主语和谓语与宾语从句的主语和谓They don't believe he will succeed,do语保持一致;当陈述部分主句的主语为第二、三人称时，反意they?疑问部分的主语和谓语与主句的主语和谓语保持一致2：陈述部分含有否定词的反意疑问句陈述部分带有seldom,hardly,scarcely,never,fe

27、w,little,nothing,nobodyHe could hardly speak English,could he?等否定词时，反意疑问部分用肯定形式带有表示否定意义的前缀构成的词时，其反意疑He dislikes playing the piano,doesn't he? 问部分用否定形式考点5感叹句What a(n)+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语!What a(n)+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语!What an interesting story it is!What a happy day it is!What+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语!What beautiful

28、butterflies they are!How tall a boy he is!How well she plays!How+形容词+a(n)+单数名词+主语+谓语!How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！三、模拟演练1阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Easy Ways to Build VocabularyIt's not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, its 1. ongoing process, and th

29、e best part of the process is that there*s enough room for improvement, 2. means youll just keep getting better and better. Of course you have to work at it. You wouldn't think that a few 3. (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough 4±_ the rest of your life, and that's also tru

30、e for building your vocabularyyou have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.One of the 5. (effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books. You need to 6. (real) read at least one good book a week, preferably a classic. This isn't as har

31、d as it 7. (sound), and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while 8. (read) an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and 9. (they) use unconsciously, meaning that you will tend to use the words 10. (learn) this way

32、 in conversations almost automatically.【答案】anwhichmonths1. formost effectivereallysounds2. readingtheirlearned【分析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了轻松积累词汇的几种方法。1 .考查冠词。句意：和生活中许多事情一样，积累词汇也是一个不断发展的过程。由语境可知填“一个”， 欧宁以元音音素开头，“一个”用不定冠词an表示泛指。故填an。2 .考查定语从句关系词。句意：通过分析句子结构可知，means you'll just keep getting better and better.

33、是定语从句，空白处所填的词指代逗号前的there enough room for improvement, which在句中为关系代词, 引导非限定性定语从句，并在句中作主语。故填which。3 .考查名词单复数。句意：你认为青少年时期几个月的记忆锻炼不够。month为可数名词，且由afew可知 month应用复数形式。故填months。4 .考查介词。句意：几个月的记忆锻炼对于余生是不够的。be enough for sth对已足够。故填介词for。5 .考查形容词最高级。句意：读好书是扩大词汇量最有效的方法之一。此处要表达的是“最有效的方法之一”, 因此填 most effective o

34、.考查词性转换。句意：你需要一周至少真正读一本书。此处应用副词修饰动词read,因此填really。6 .考查谓语动词。句意：这件事并不像听起来那么难。描述的是一般事实，而且主语为it,因此用sound 的一般现在时第三人称单数形式。故填sounds.7 .考查非谓语动词。句意：你在阅读一篇有趣的文学故事时增长词汇量。逻辑主语you与动词read为主动 关系，故用现在分词reading作状语；也可视为状语从句while you are reading.的省略形式。故填reading 9.考查代词。句意：另一个好处是你不知不觉中学习到了新词和它们的用法。use在此处是名词，故用形容 词性物主代词

35、their作定语。故填theiro10.考查非谓语动词。句意：你自然会在对话中使用这些词汇。learned/learnt作后置定语修饰words,表示 “已学过的词”，words与learn是被动的关系，因此用过去分词。故填learned/learnto2阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The 12th China Arts Festival will bring a series of artl 1. (activity) to the Chinese economic and art center, Shanghai. From May 20 to

36、June 2, more than 50 shows 12, (select) nationwide will be performed in nineteen major theaters in Shanghai, and a fine selection of creative cultural products will 13. (show) at the Shanghai Exhibition Center. The festival will include 14. (vary) art forms, such as opera dancing, painting-and photo

37、graphy.The 2019 edition is co-organized by the ministry of Culture and Tourism and the Shanghai municipal government (市改府).Sincel5. (it) beginning in 1987, the festival 16. (change) host cities in each edition, travelling to areas including Beijing, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Hubei over the past

38、 three decades.Sales of tickets have opened online, with tickets priced from no cost 17. 380 yuan, according to the organizers.To allow a much 18. (large) number of audience to access the programs, the festival will also be broadcast live online. C6We will use new media to bring the shows to more or

39、dinary people, 19. will let them know more about the modem development of Chinese arts." said Zhu Di, head of the ministry's arts department.This year's festival is also aimed at 20. (promote) tourism in Shanghai with arts. The local government has released a total of 40 culture-themed

40、travel routes to guide visitors through Shanghai's well-known landmarks.【答案】activitiesselectedbe shown3. variousits4. has changedtolargerwhich5. promoting【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在上海举办的第12届中国艺术节，包括它的举办时间、有哪些节目以及它的 票价和它希望达成的目标等，同时介绍了它是有哪些部门组织的。通过文章，我们也了解到中国艺术节从 1987年开始举办，过去的30年每一期都会更换一个主办城市。11 .考查名词的数。句意

41、：第十二届中国艺术节将在上海中国经济艺术中心举办一系列艺术活动。activity 意为活动，是可数名词，由a series of修饰，故此处用其复数形式activities,故填activities。12 .考查非谓语动词。句意：从5月20日到6月2日，全国范围内的50多场演出将在上海的19家主要剧 院上演。show此处意为节目，select意为挑选、选择，节目是被选择，shows后、will前的部分作的是定语 成分，用过去分词表示被动，故填selected。13 .考查动词时态语态。句意：上海展览中心将展出一系列优秀的文化创意产品。show此处意为展示，是 动词，product意为产品，文化

42、产品是被展示，故此处用被动语态，结构为be done, will是一般将来时中的 助动词，后加动词原形，故填be shown。14 .考查形容词。句意：艺术节将包括各种艺术形式，如歌剧舞蹈、绘画和摄影。vary意为变化，是动词； art forms意为艺术形式，是名词，用形容词修饰名词，vary的形容词形式是various,意为各种各样的，故 填 various o.考查物主代词。句意：自1987年举办以来，每一届艺术节的主办城市都发生了变化，在过去的30年里, 活动足迹遍及北京、四川、江苏、浙江和湖北等地。beginning意为开始，是名词，用形容词或形容词性物 主代词修饰名词，在意为它，作

43、主语或宾语，修饰名词用形容词性物主代词形式its,故填its。15 .考查动词时态。根据上文Since its beginning in 1987可知应用现在完成时,故填has changedo.考查介词。句意：票价从免费到380元。“从到”是fromto，故答案为to。16 .考查形容词比较级。句意：为了让更多的观众收看节目，电影节还将在网上直播。根据句意以及上文 much可知应填形容词比较级largero2.高考真题再现（2021.6新高考1卷 语法填空）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, s

44、till it highlights the whole adventure 7 offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.【答案】and【解析】考查并列连词。分析句子结构可知，两个谓语动词highlights和offers之间缺少连接词进行连接； 同时，两个动作间为并列关系，所以应填并列连词。故填and。1. （202L6全国甲卷 语法填空）My bike was old and shaky 7 did the job.【答案】but【解析】考查连词。此处表示我的自行车又旧又晃，后面能用。所以是转折的关系，故

45、填but。2. （2021.6全国乙卷 语法填空）It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 4 the late 1980s.【答案】until【解析】考查时间介词。根据空前有not可知，此处until与not 一起构成固定用法not. until,意为”直到才no句意：直到20世纪80年代后期，它才作为一种旅游概念被广泛接受。故填until。3. （2021.1浙江卷 语法填空）In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index （体重指数）across 200 countries the

46、 scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier that most of the rise is due to gains in BMT in rural areas.【答案】and【解析】文章大意：介绍了一项关于体重指数的研究，描述了不同时期城乡体重指数的差异及其背后的原 因。考查连词。句意：科学家人们发现人们越来越胖了，这个现象背后的原因是偏远地区人们体重指数的 增加。分析句子结构可知 that people worldwide are getting heavier 和 that most of the rise i

47、s due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是found引导的宾语从句，是并列关系，故答案为and。19. 考查定语从句连接词。句意：我们将利用新媒体把节目带给更多的普通人，让他们更多地了解中国艺术 的现代发展。此句是非限制性定语从句，关系代词作定语从句中的主语，代指前面提到的用新媒体把展出 的节目带给更多普通人，非限制性定语从句中作主语代指前面提到的事用关系代词Which,故填which。20. 考查非谓语动词。句意:今年的艺术节也旨在通过艺术促进上海旅游业的发展。promote意为提高、促 进，是动词，aim at doing意为"目标是做某事”,

48、at是介词，后加动词v-ing形式,故填promoting。3阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Have you ever seen a painting destroy 21. (it)? This strange event happened during a recent auction (拍卖) in London.Girl With Balloon is one of the most well-known works of British artist Banksy. It 22. (sell) for £1.04 million (

49、about 9.49 million yuan) at the Sotheby auction house on Oct 5. However, shortly 23. the hammer (锤子) went down, the painting began to slide down its frame (画框)and half of the painting was cut into 24. (piece)!In fact, there 25. (be) a shredder (碎纸机)in the frame. More surprisingly, the artist might h

50、ave set the shredder in the frame himself years ago, Yahoo News reported.Banksy is known 26. being mysterious and unpredictable. No one knows his real name, 27. his paintings are everywhere across the UK. He always plays hoaxes (恶作居U) on the art world.People believe this is just another example of B

51、anksy 28. (play) a trick. They think he is against the commercialization (商 品化)of art.However, the 29. (fun) part is that this hoax might have made the painting more valuable. ”(The price is) possibly as high as being worth £2 million (about 18.2 million yuan) plus,“ Joey Syer, 30. (found) of a

52、rt website MyArtB, told the Guardian.【答案】itselfwas soldafter21. pieceswasforbut22. playingfunnyfounder【分析】本文是一篇说明文。通过英国艺术家Banksy的画自毁的例子说明了他以神秘莫测而闻名，正是因为如此他 的画有很高的价值。21 .考查代词。句意：你见过一幅画自我毁灭吗?分析句子结构可知，destroy后缺少宾语，故此处应该填代 词，再结合语境可知，此处指“画毁掉自己”，又因destroy的逻辑主语是a painting,故此处应用反身代词， 故填 itselfo.考查被动语态。句意：10

53、月5日，这幅画在苏富比拍卖行以104万英镑（约合949万元人民币）的价格售 出。分析句子结构可知，空处填谓语动词，根据句中。nOct5可知时态应用一般过去时，又因it和sell之间 是被动关系，故此处要用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was sold。22 .考查时间状语从句连词。句意：然而，锤子落下后不久之后，这幅画开始从画框上滑下来，一半的画被 切成了碎片!分析句子结构可知，空处填从属连词，再根据句意可知I, shortly after意为“不久以后、故填after。23 .考查名词复数。根据句意可知，cut into pieces是固定搭配，意为“切成碎片”,符合句意，故填pieces。24

54、 .考查主谓一致。句意：事实上，画框里有一个碎纸机。分析句子结构可知，此句是there be句型，be动 词的数取决于be动词后的名词的数，a shredder是单数可数名词，故be动词是单数形式，再结合语境可知, 此处应用一般过去时，故填was。25 .考查固定搭配。句意：Banksy以神秘莫测而闻名。根据句意可知，be known for是固定搭配，意为“因 而著名”，符合句意，故填for。26 .考查并列连词。句意：没有人知道他的真名，但他的画在英国各地都有。分析句子结构可知，空处填连 词，再根据句意可知，两个分句是转折关系，故填but。27 .考查非谓语动词。句意：人们认为这只是Ban

55、ksy耍花招的又一个例子。分析句子结构可知，空处填非 谓语动词，又因play和逻辑主语之间是主动关系，且此处填动词-ing形式，故填playing。28 .考查形容词。句意：然而，有趣的是，这个骗局可能使这幅画更有价值。分析句子结构可知，空处填形 容词。再根据句意可知，funny意为“有趣的”，符合题意，故填funny。29 .考查名词。句意：艺术网站MyArtB的创始人乔伊西尔在接受卫报采访时表示。分析句 子结构可知，空处填名词，与空后的内容作Joey Syer的同位语，再结合句意可知，founder意为“创始人”， 符合句意，故填founder。4阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个

56、单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。The walls of failure surrounded me. My teacher's eyes stared at my every move. My mom's blank expression showed31. (disappoint). “He is not giving his full potential J I heard my teacher say. I gazed down, afraid, ashamed, and32. (determine), My determination was not to put my

57、 best effort to improve but to give up.My native language is Spanish.33. hard I tried, English would not take root in my brain. I tried hours on end 34. (improve) my grammar, pronunciation,and vocabulary. After the parent-teacher conference, my mother35. (tell) that I was totally lacking interest. I

58、 spent that whole afternoon listening to my mother tell me36. I should try. "You can never achieve what you do not try, she told me. The simple statement stuck deeply37. my nine-year-old mind.The next day, I found myself learning English words I never knew. A simple change in attitude made me successfully learn those words. My teacher9s welcoming smile, patience, and bright attitud