粉末成型压机-机械原理课程设计VIP

1、机械原理课程设计题 目： 粉末成型压机设 计 者： XXX专 业：机械设计制造及其自动化指导教师：王玉丹 曾小慧2010年7月19日第一部分 设计原理及设计要求一、工作原理及工艺动作过程粉末冶金是将金属等粉末的混合料，通过压制成型和烧结而制成零件或成品材料的一种工艺方法。在压制长径比h/depsilon J=-x(4)*sin(theta2) -x(5)*sin(theta3); -x(4)*cos(theta2) x(5)*cos(theta3); dth=inv(J)*(-1.0*f); theta2=theta2+dth(1); theta3=theta3+dth(2); f=-x(7)

2、*cos(x(1)+x(4)*cos(theta2)+x(5)*cos(theta3)-x(6); x(7)*sin(x(1)-x(4)*sin(theta2)+x(5)*sin(theta3); norm(f);end;y(1)=theta2;y(2)=theta3; x1=linspace(0,2*pi,180);x=zeros(length(x1),7);for n=1:180 x(n,:)=x1(:,n) 17.4*pi/180 52.6*pi/180 231.8 230.4 379.7 70;end;p=zeros(length(x1),2);for k=1:180y=rrrposi

3、55(x(k,:);p(k,:)=y;end; p 输出图像2 ，3相对于1的图像plot(x1,p (:,1),-,x1,p(:,2),:)摇杆与竖直线之间的夹角矩阵为m=90-p(:,1)*(180/pi)-37.4;上冲模的行程方程为L=460.8-2*230.4*cos(m)分析上冲模的图像可知，在上冲模达到最低点时会有一小段时间的停歇以起到保压作用。接下来分析速度：首先根据机构需要，定义w1=pi/3,Matlab编程：function y=rrrvel22(x)% Script used to implement Newton-Raphon mechod for% solving

4、nonlinear position of RRR bar group% Input parameters% x(1)=theta-1% x(2)=theta-2 % x(3)=theta-3 % x(4)=dtheta-1% x(5)=k1 % x(6)=k2% x(7)=k3% x(8)=r1 % Output paramenters% y(1)=dtheta-2% y(2)=dtheta-3%A=-x(5)*cos(x(2) x(6)*cos(x(3); -x(5)*sin(x(2) -x(6)*sin(x(3);B=-x(8)*cos(x(1) -x(8)*sin(x(1)*x(4);

5、B=B;y=inv(A)*B;输出程序 for i=1:180 x2(i,:)=x11(i,1),p(i,1),p(i,2),pi/3,231.8,230.4,379.7,70;end; q=zeros(2,180);for m=1:180y2=rrrvel22(x2(m,:);q(:,m)=y2;end; q输出图像plot(x1,q(1,:),-,x1,q(2,:),:);w2,w3,相对于w1的图像：上冲模的速度函数V=dL/dt输出图像为：加速度分析Matlab 编程分析：function y=rrra111(x)% input parameters% x(1)=th1% x(2)=t

6、h2% x(3)=th3% x(4)=dth1% x(5)=dth2% x(6)=dth3% x(7)=k1% x(8)=k2% x(9)=k3% x(10)=r1% y(1)=ddth2% y(2)=ddth3%A=-x(7)*cos(x(2) x(8)*cos(x(3); -x(7)*sin(x(2) x(8)*sin(x(3);B=x(7)*x(5)*sin(x(2) -x(8)*x(6)*sin(x(3); -x(7)*x(5)*cos(x(2) -x(8)*x(6)*cos(x(3);C=x(5);x(6);D=x(10)*x(4)2*sin(x(1);-x(10)*x(4)2*co

7、s(x(1);y=inv(A)*D-inv(A)*B*C;输出程序for i=1:180 x3(i,:)=x11(i,1),p(i,1),p(i,2),pi/3,q(1,i),q(2,i),0.2318,0.2304,0.3797,0.070 ;end;n=zeros(2,180);for k=1:180y3=rrra111(x3(k,:);n(:,k)=y3;end;nsubplot(1,2,1);plot(x1,n(1,:);xlabel(theta1);ylabel(ddtheta3);title(杆2的角加速度); subplot(1,2,1);plot(x1,n(1,:);xlabe

8、l(theta1);ylabel(ddtheta2);title(杆1的角加速度);subplot(1,2,2);plot(x1,n(1,:);xlabel(theta1);ylabel(ddtheta3);title(杆二的加速度 ); 上冲模的加速度A=dV/dt输出图像为：（该图像用数学里面的微积分求出，故在图像最后会有一点图像不正常显示，这属于正常情况，不影响加速度的分析）统计所输出的数据：123w2W32300.232380.233820.16301-0.16301-189.12-190.340.0351020.238180.22870.1832-0.1425728.8128.928

9、0.0702030.244660.224260.20309-0.122213.36613.3990.10530.251790.22050.22249-0.102088.63428.6470.140410.259570.217410.24125-0.0823846.30996.31740.175510.267960.214970.25921-0.0632494.91324.9210.210610.276930.213160.27626-0.0447963.9733.98410.245710.286470.211960.2923-0.0271163.29293.30880.280810.29652

10、0.211340.30728-0.0102742.77622.7980.315910.307050.211260.321140.0056912.36992.39830.351020.318030.211710.333870.0207632.04212.07750.386120.329420.212640.345480.0349451.77271.81530.421220.341180.214040.355980.0482561.54791.59810.456320.353280.215870.365410.0607281.35821.41610.491420.365670.21810.3737

11、80.07241.19671.26240.526520.378320.220720.381170.0833191.05811.13170.561630.391210.223680.38760.0935350.938331.01990.596730.40430.226980.393130.10310.83430.923840.631830.417550.230590.39780.112060.743450.841050.666930.430960.234490.401670.120480.663750.769450.702030.444470.238660.404780.128390.59353

12、0.707340.737130.458080.243090.407170.135840.531410.653350.772240.471760.247760.408890.142890.476220.606330.807340.485490.252660.409960.149560.427020.565310.842440.499240.257780.410430.155890.382980.529470.877540.5130.263110.410320.161930.343420.498130.912640.526740.268630.409660.167690.307760.470710

13、.947740.540450.274350.408480.173220.275490.446690.982840.554120.280240.40680.178520.246180.425661.01790.567720.286310.404640.183640.219480.407241.0530.581240.292550.402010.188590.195050.391111.08810.594670.298960.398950.193380.172620.3771.12330.607980.305520.395450.198040.151960.364671.15840.621170.

14、312230.391530.202580.132860.353891.19350.634220.31910.38720.207020.115120.344491.22860.647120.326110.382480.211370.0986030.33631.26370.659860.333260.377360.215630.0831540.329181.29880.672420.340560.371860.219820.0686520.322991.33390.684790.3480.365990.223950.0549830.317621.3690.696950.355580.359750.

15、228020.042050.312951.40410.70890.363290.353140.232040.0297610.30891.43920.720620.371130.346180.236010.0180360.305361.47430.73210.379110.338860.239940.00680020.302261.50940.743330.387220.331180.24382-0.00401520.299521.54450.75430.395450.323160.24767-0.0144740.297061.57960.764990.403820.314790.25149-0

16、.0246360.29481.61470.77540.412310.306080.25526-0.034560.292681.64980.785510.420930.297040.259-0.04430.290631.68490.795310.429670.287660.2627-0.0539120.288571.720.804790.438540.277940.26635-0.063450.286441.75510.813940.447530.267910.26996-0.0729690.284151.79020.822750.456640.257540.27351-0.0825260.28

17、1641.82530.83120.465870.246870.27701-0.0921810.278831.86040.839290.475210.235880.28045-0.1020.275631.89550.847010.484670.224580.28381-0.112040.271951.93060.854350.494230.212990.2871-0.122380.26771.96570.861290.503910.201110.29029-0.13310.262782.00080.867820.513690.188940.29339-0.144290.257072.03590.

18、873950.523580.176510.29637-0.156050.250462.0710.879650.533560.163810.29923-0.168480.24282.10610.884930.543640.150870.30196-0.181720.233952.14120.889770.55380.137690.30453-0.19590.223742.17630.894160.564050.12430.30694-0.211180.211992.21140.89810.574380.11070.30916-0.227760.198482.24650.901580.584770

19、.0969110.31119-0.245850.182972.28160.904590.595240.0829590.31299-0.26570.165192.31670.907140.605760.068860.31456-0.28760.144822.35180.909210.616320.0546370.31587-0.31190.121492.38690.91080.626930.0403140.31691-0.339020.0947762.4220.911910.637560.0259140.31765-0.369430.0641622.45710.912530.648220.011

20、4660.31807-0.403740.0290392.49220.912680.65888-0.00300520.31815-0.44265-0.0113272.52730.912330.66954-0.0174690.31787-0.48706-0.0578342.56240.911510.68019-0.0318960.31721-0.53806-0.11162.59750.91020.6908-0.0462560.31615-0.59703-0.174012.63260.908410.70138-0.0605170.31466-0.66573-0.246852.66770.906140

21、.71189-0.0746460.31274-0.74646-0.332432.70280.90340.72234-0.0886110.31035-0.84228-0.433812.73790.90020.73269-0.102380.30748-0.95731-0.555152.7730.896540.74295-0.115920.30413-1.0973-0.702242.80810.892430.75308-0.12920.30026-1.2706-0.88342.84320.887880.76307-0.142180.29587-1.4895-1.1112.87830.882910.7

22、7291-0.154840.29095-1.7733-1.40462.91340.877510.78257-0.167150.2855-2.154-1.79632.94850.87170.79204-0.179070.27949-2.689-2.34352.98360.865510.8013-0.190580.27294-3.4913-3.16043.01870.858930.81033-0.201660.26583-4.8216-4.50883.05380.851990.81911-0.212280.25818-7.4416-7.15543.08890.844710.82763-0.2224

23、20.24999-14.943-14.7143.1240.837090.83587-0.232060.24126-217.39-218.413.15910.829160.8438-0.241190.23218.87219.2843.19420.820930.85141-0.24980.222239.41249.75483.22930.812420.85869-0.257870.211976.42956.74143.26440.803640.86562-0.26540.201234.96995.26023.29950.794630.87218-0.272390.190034.10484.3769

24、3.33470.785390.87835-0.278820.17843.53293.78843.36980.775940.88413-0.284710.166363.12673.36653.40490.766310.8895-0.290050.153942.82343.04793.440.75650.89445-0.294860.141172.58812.79763.47510.746550.89896-0.299140.128082.42.59483.51020.736460.90303-0.30290.11472.24612.42623.54530.726250.90665-0.30616

25、0.101062.11752.28323.58040.715940.9098-0.308930.087192.00822.15963.61550.705540.91249-0.311220.0731321.9142.05123.65060.695080.9147-0.313060.0589151.83161.95483.68570.684560.91644-0.314460.044571.75881.86823.72080.6740.91769-0.315440.0301311.69381.78953.75590.663420.91846-0.316030.0156291.63521.7173

26、3.7910.652820.91874-0.316240.00109461.58191.65073.82610.642220.91853-0.31609-0.0134421.5331.58873.86120.631630.91784-0.31561-0.0279521.48781.53063.89630.621070.91666-0.31481-0.0424081.44581.4763.93140.610530.915-0.31372-0.0567841.40651.42443.96650.600040.91285-0.31236-0.0710561.36951.37534.00160.589

27、590.91023-0.31075-0.0851991.33451.32864.03670.579210.90714-0.30891-0.0991911.30131.28394.07180.568890.90359-0.30685-0.113011.26951.2414.10690.558640.89957-0.30459-0.126651.2391.19974.1420.548470.8951-0.30216-0.140071.20961.164.17710.538390.89018-0.29956-0.153271.18131.12154.21220.528390.88483-0.2968

28、1-0.166241.15381.08434.24730.518490.87904-0.29393-0.178951.1271.04824.28240.508690.87283-0.29093-0.19141.10091.01324.31750.498990.86621-0.28782-0.203581.07540.979084.35260.489390.85919-0.28461-0.215471.05040.945864.38770.479910.85177-0.28132-0.227071.02570.913464.42280.470530.84397-0.27795-0.238371.

29、00140.88184.45790.461270.83579-0.27451-0.249360.977450.850834.4930.452130.82725-0.27101-0.260040.95370.820494.52810.443110.81836-0.26746-0.27040.930140.790734.56320.43420.80913-0.26386-0.280440.90670.761514.59830.425420.79957-0.26021-0.290150.883350.732764.63340.416760.78968-0.25652-0.299520.860030.

30、704434.66850.408220.77949-0.25279-0.308560.83670.676484.70360.399810.769-0.24902-0.317260.813310.648854.73870.391530.75823-0.24522-0.325620.78980.621484.77380.383370.74718-0.24138-0.333630.766120.594314.80890.375350.73586-0.23751-0.341290.742230.567284.8440.367450.7243-0.23359-0.348590.718050.540334

31、.87910.359690.7125-0.22964-0.355540.693520.513384.91420.352060.70047-0.22564-0.362130.668580.486364.94930.344560.68823-0.22159-0.368360.643150.459184.98440.33720.67578-0.21748-0.374210.617150.431755.01950.329980.66314-0.21331-0.379680.590480.403965.05460.32290.65033-0.20907-0.384780.563040.375715.08

32、970.315970.63735-0.20474-0.389480.534720.346865.12480.309180.62422-0.20033-0.393780.505370.317285.15990.302540.61096-0.19581-0.397680.474860.286795.1950.296050.59757-0.19118-0.401150.4430.255235.23010.289720.58407-0.18641-0.404190.409610.222385.26520.283560.57048-0.18149-0.406790.374460.188015.30030

33、.277560.5568-0.1764-0.408920.337290.151855.33540.271730.54307-0.17113-0.410570.29780.113585.37050.266090.52929-0.16563-0.411720.255640.0728615.40560.260630.51547-0.1599-0.412340.210420.0292635.44070.255370.50165-0.15391-0.412410.16165-0.0176935.47580.250320.48783-0.14761-0.411910.10878-0.068575.5110

34、.245480.47404-0.14098-0.41080.051174-0.124035.54610.240870.4603-0.13398-0.40904-0.011952-0.184855.58120.23650.44663-0.12657-0.4066-0.081509-0.251965.61630.232390.43305-0.11871-0.40344-0.15858-0.326455.65140.228550.41959-0.11034-0.39952-0.24449-0.409645.68650.2250.40627-0.10144-0.39479-0.3408-0.50312

35、5.72160.221760.39313-0.091931-0.3892-0.44945-0.608845.75670.218840.38019-0.081778-0.38271-0.57282-0.729165.79180.216280.36749-0.070926-0.37526-0.71387-0.867085.82690.21410.35505-0.059326-0.36681-0.87635-1.02645.8620.212320.34291-0.046932-0.35731-1.0651-1.21195.89710.210960.33111-0.033704-0.34673-1.2

36、866-1.43015.93220.210070.31968-0.01961-0.33503-1.5496-1.68985.96730.209660.30866-0.0046315-0.3222-1.8665-2.00336.00240.209760.298090.011234-0.30824-2.2552-2.3896.03750.210420.288010.027972-0.29316-2.744-2.8756.07260.211650.278450.045541-0.277-3.3787-3.50756.10770.213480.269450.063879-0.25984-4.2412-

37、4.36886.14280.215940.261040.082894-0.24176-5.4922-5.62076.17790.219040.253250.10247-0.22288-7.4982-7.63186.2130.222810.246110.12246-0.20335-11.315-11.4646.24810.227260.239620.1427-0.18333-21.731-21.9366.28320.232380.233820.16301-0.16301-189.12-190.34下冲模机构运动分析一、下冲模机构相关尺寸的确定在这里我们取凸轮的基圆半径r0=100mm,棍子半径r

38、r=10mm,并且题目要求推杆最大行程h=45mm。现在检验其设计的是否合理。滚子半径的考虑:由于本题目在这里采用了滚子凸轮，为了避免失真现象就要要求理论廓线的最小曲率半径大于滚子半径rr。由于=（x2+y2）3/2/(xy-yx),其中x=dx/d,x=d2x/d2, y=dy/d,y=d2y/d2.由凸轮理论轮廓曲线方程x=(s0+s)sin y=(s0+s)cos可知，x=y=y,x=y=-x.其中s0=r0,s为推杆运动方程。则=(y2+x2)3/2/(y2-x2)根据设计出的凸轮轮廓(见下面设计的凸轮理论轮廓曲线图)可以大致估算出各点的曲率半径，并且由于该凸轮基圆半径的设计较大，综合

39、分析可知该机构滚子的设计是合理的。压力角的考虑：对于一般的直动推杆取许用压力角=30,在这里e=0。由r0(ds/d)tan-s可知，如果取r=(ds/d)tan-s,只要r0rmax即可用Matlab画出r和的关系曲线如下图所示thta为下模冲脱料凸轮的转角。结论：由上图可以看出r的最大值没超过100mm，所以下模冲凸轮基圆半径选用100mm是可以的。二、下模冲脱模机构的运动分析：下模冲脱模机构的运动要求：a、脱模最大行程为45mm；b、要求顶出距离准确，复位快而冲击小。三、下模冲脱模机构的运动设计及过程a、根据运动循环图可知，下模冲的运动周期和上模冲的运动周期一样。由=2/T可知，1=2=

40、/3 rad/s。b、运动规律：设凸轮转角为，则：（1）在0- 180的过程中，S =0V=0a=0（2）在180- 240的过程中S=h(-180)/60-sin2(-180)/60/(2)V=h1-cos2(-180)/60a=2h2sin2(-180)/(60)2(3)在240- 300的过程中S=hV=0a=0(4)在300-360的过程中S= h1-(-300)/60+sin2(-300)/60/(2)V= hcos2(-300)/60-1/60a=-2h2 sin2(-300)/(60)2四、根据推杆运动规律设计凸轮理论轮廓：由所学知识可以知道凸轮理论轮廓的方程为：x=(s0+s)

41、sin+ecosy=(s0+s)cos-esin由于本题为对心凸轮，故这里凸轮的偏心距e=0，所以上式可以化简为：x=(s0+s)siny=(s0+s)cos（其中s0=r0,s为推杆运动方程。）应用Matlab所画出来的凸轮轮廓曲线为理论轮廓曲线。所设的凸轮的基圆半径r0=100mm,棍子半径rr=10mm,推杆最大行程h=45mm,则所设计的凸轮轮廓曲线如下图所示，设计程序附在后面。所得到的推杆行程曲线如下图所示:凸轮转角在180-240之间的推杆行程如下图所示:推杆的速度如下图所示：推杆的加速度如下图所示：所设计的凸轮理论轮廓曲线为:相应Matlab程序如下一、位移：function x

42、xh=45;i=0;for thta=0:.05:180 i=i+1;s(i)=0;endfor thta=180.05:.05:240i=i+1; s(i)=h*(thta-180)/60-(sind(360*(thta-180)/60)/(2*pi);endfor thta=240.05:.05:300 i=i+1; s(i)=h;endfor thta=300.05:.05:360 i=i+1;s(i)=h*(1-(thta-300)/60)+(sind(360*(thta-300)/60)/(2*pi);endthta=0:.05:360;plot(thta,s);title(推杆的行

43、程s);xlabel(thta);ylabel(s);二、速度：function xx5h=45;i=0;w=pi/3;for thta=0:.05:180 i=i+1; v(i)=0;endfor thta=180.05:.05:240 i=i+1;v(i)=h*w*(1-cosd(360*(thta-180)/60)/(60*pi/180);endfor thta=240.05:.05:300 i=i+1; v(i)=0;endfor thta=300.05:.05:360 i=i+1;v(i)=h*w*(cosd(360*(thta-300)/60)-1)/(60*pi/180);end

44、thta=0:.05:360;plot(thta,v);title(推杆的速度v);xlabel(thta);ylabel(v);三、加速度：function xx3h=45;i=0;w=pi/3;for thta=0:.05:180 i=i+1; a(i)=0;endfor thta=180.05:.05:240 i=i+1; a(i)=2*pi*h*w2*sind(360*(thta-180)/60)/(60*pi/180);endfor thta=240.05:.05:300 i=i+1; a(i)=0;endfor thta=300.05:.05:360 i=i+1;a(i)=-2*p

45、i*h*w2*sind(360*(thta-300)/60)/(60*pi/180)2;endthta=0:.05:360;plot(thta,a);title(推杆的加速度a);xlabel(thta);ylabel(a);四、凸轮理论轮廓曲线:function tulun1r0=100;rr=10;h=45;i=0;for thta=0:.05:180i=i+1;s=0;s0=r0+rr; x=-(s0+s)*sind(thta); y=(s0+s)*cosd(thta); F(i)=(x2+y2).5;endfor thta=180.05:.05:240i=i+1;s0=r0+rr;s=

46、h*(thta-180)/60-(sind(360*(thta-180)/60)/(2*pi); x=-(s0+s)*sind(thta); y=-(s0+s)*cosd(thta); F(i)=(x2+y2).5;end for thta=240.05:.05:300 i=i+1;s=0;s0=r0+rr; x=-(s0+h)*sind(thta); y=-(s0+h)*cosd(thta); F(i)=(x2+y2).5;endfor thta=300.05:.05:360i=i+1;s0=r0+rr;s=h*(1-(thta-300)/60)+(sind(360*(thta-300)/6

47、0)/(2*pi); x=(s0+s)*sind(thta); y=-(s0+s)*cosd(thta); F(i)=(x2+y2).5;endthta=(0:.05:360)*pi/180;polar(thta,F);五、凸轮基圆半径的确定：function xxh=45;i=0;for thta=0:.05:180 i=i+1; s(i)=0; r(i)=0;endfor thta=180.05:.05:240 i=i+1;s(i)=h*(thta-180)/60-(sind(360*(thta-180)/60)/(2*pi);r(i)=(h*(6/pi-(cosd(360*(thta-1

48、80)/60)*12/(2*pi)/1.732-s(i);endfor thta=240.05:.05:300 i=i+1; s(i)=h; r(i)=h;endfor thta=300.05:.05:360 i=i+1;s(i)=h*(1-(thta-300)/60)+(sind(360*(thta-300)/60)/(2*pi);r(i)=h*(1-6/pi+(cosd(360*(thta-300)/60)*12/(2*pi);endthta=0:.05:360;plot(thta,r);title(可用半径r); xlabel(thta);ylabel(r);送料机构的设计送料机构的尺寸确定及运动分析（1）送料机构尺寸的确定根据方案一机构的选型，选用偏心曲柄滑块机构作为送料机构，其简图如下：综合曲柄滑块机构极位夹角与行程速比