InternationalMonetaryFund国际货币基金组织ppt课件

1、International Monetary Fund(IMF)环小丽2021312866IntroductionReinforcing international cooperationEnsuring sufficient resourcesThe history of international monetary fundThe activities of-The aimsAn adaptionThe toolsHow to be one member of IMFIntroduction A latest news：world leaders launch action plan to

2、 combat financial crisis on November 15,2021The aims is at resolving the global financial crisis and supporting the IMFs capacity to contribute to these effortsManaging Director Strauss-Kahn said:1)The emphasis on fiscal stimulus is essential to restore global growth2)The declaration recognizes that

3、 some countries have more room for maneuver than others3)The global stimulus needs to be large, in the order of 2 percent of world GDP, to make a sizeable difference to global growth prospectsReinforcing international cooperationStrauss-Kahn noted G-20s endorsement of strengthening the IMFs mandate

4、in the areas of macroeconomic surveillance，lending to member countries in need，and providing assistance to build up capacity in emerging market and developing countriesIts role in reform of financial markets is based on its responsibility for surveillance of the global financial systemEnsuring suffi

5、cient resourcesThe sufficient resources can help to overcome crisis. It has acted to help emerging markets caught up in the crisis-loans for Hungary and Ukraine-agreement in principle with Pakistan-a loan for IcelandThe history (5 period)1)Cooperation and reconstruction(1994-1917)2)The end of the Br

6、etton Woods System(1972-1981)3)Debt and painful reforms(1982-1989)4)The end of communism(1989-2004)5)Continued glolalization(2005-present)1)Cooperation and reconstruction(1994-1917)-found reason: breakdown in international monetary cooperation-it was conceived in July 1944-it came into formal existe

7、nce in December 1945-its membership began to expand in the late 1950s and during the 1960s2)The end of the Bretton Woods System(1972-1981)-by early 1960s, dollars fixed value, under the Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates-the system collapse, the members have been free to choose any form of

8、 exchange arrangement 3)Debt and painful reforms(1982-1989)-the oil shocks of the 1970s-during 1970s, expansionary fiscal policies and overvalued exchange rates-crisis broke out in Mexico in 19824)The end of communism(1989-2004)-the fall of Berlin wall in 1989 and the dissolution of the Soviet Union

9、 in1991 enabled it to be a universal institution-its staff expanded by near 30 percent5)Continued glolalization(2005-present)-the sharp rise in private international capital flows-globalization affects countries labor, trade, and tax policies The 5 activitiesPolicy advice to governments and central

10、banks based on analysis of economic trends and cross-country experienceResearch, statistics, forecasts, and analysis based on tracking of global，regional，and individual economies and marketsLoans to help countries overcome economic difficultiesConfessional loan to fight poverty in developing countri

11、esTechnical assistance and training to help countries improve the management of their economiesThe aimsThe major discipline is the requirement that exchange rates be fixed to the dollarThe IMFs main goal is to ensure the stability of the international monetary and financial systemThe founders aimed

12、to build a framework for economic cooperation that would avoid a repetition of the disastrous economic policiesWhat are Fund that continue to do？Provide a forum for cooperation on international monetary problemsFacilitate the growth of international trade，thus promoting job creation，economic growth

13、and poverty reductionPromote exchange rate stability and an open system of international paymentLend countries foreign exchange when needed，on temporary basis and under adequate safeguards，to help them address balance of payment problemsSeveral ways of an adaptingEnhancing International Monetary Fun

14、d lending facilitiesStrengthening the monitoring of global，regional，and country economiesHelping resolve global economic imbalanceAnalyzing capital market development:Assessing financial sector vulnerabilitiesWorking to cut povertyImproving IMF governanceGreater accountability and transparencyThe to

15、olsThree main tools: 1) economic surveillance-monitor global, regional, and national economic development; seek to assess the impact of the economic policies of individual countries on other economies 2) technical assistance and training -aim to help member countries strengthen their capacity to des

16、ign and implement effective policies -four areas: a. monetary and financial policies b. fiscal policy and management c. statistics d. ask for technical assistance in work section 3)lending-it can be tapped to facilitate recovery-continued financial support-the members can borrow gold and foreign cur

17、rencies from Fund -it provide low-income counties with loans at a confessional rateHow to be a member?To become a member, a country must apply and then be accepted by a majority of the existing members; upon joining, they are assigned a quota which delineates several basic aspectsCollaborating with

18、othersCooperating with other international organizationsBasic aspectsSubscriptions: it determines the maximum amount of financial resources the member is obliged to provide to the International Monetary Fund.Voting power: Each member has 250 basic vote plus one additional vote for each SDR (Special

19、Drawing Rights特别提款权 ) 100,000 of quota.Access to financing融资渠道SDR allocations特别提款权配额:it used as an international reserve asset.Collaborating with othersCollaboration with the World BankRelation: -Differ from each, but complement each others work- IMF focus on macroeconomic and financial sector issues, the World Bank focus on long-term development and poverty reduction.-C