光纤温度测量

1、光纤温度测量简介Introduction to Fiber Optics Temperature Measurement什么是光纤？ What is fiber optics光纤实质上是光导管。称为光纤温度计的一类传感器通 常是指那些利用黑体辐射物理学原理来测量较高温度的 设备。对于温度较低的目标（-100C到400C），可通 过光纤链路激活各种传感材料（如荧光材料、半导体或 液晶），借此进行测量，突显了其在环保和远距离测量方 面的优势。Fiber optics are essentially light pipes. The group of sensors known as fiber o

2、ptic thermometers generally refer to those devices measuring higher temperatures wherein blackbody radiation physics are utilized. Lower temperature targets-say from -100 C to 400C-can be measured by activating various sensing materials such as phosphors, semiconductors or liquid crystals with fiber

3、 optic links offering the environmental and remoteness advantages.优点 Advantages光纤不但可用作一种通讯手段，还可用于红外线温度测量，对于在工业环境和/ 或恶劣条件下的测量，光纤技术彰显出了多种固有优势：不受大型电机、变压器、焊接机等设备的电磁干扰（EMI）影响；不受无线通讯和闪电的射频干扰（RFI）影响；可安放在难于接近或难于查看的位置；可实现较小位置或精确位置的精细测量；不带电（适合在存在爆炸危险的场所使用）；光纤电缆可放置在现有导线管、电缆槽中，也可捆在柱子、套管或线管上，无论是扩展安装还是改装翻新，都可轻松完成

4、；某些电缆可承受300C以上的环境温度，使用空气吹洗或水清洗时温度 将更高。Whether used for communications or infrared temperature measurement, fiber optics offer some inherentadvantages for measurements in industrial and/or harsh environments:Unaffected by electromagnetic interference （EMI） from large motors, transformers, welders and

5、 the like;Unaffected by radio frequency interference （RFI） from wireless communications and lightning activity;Can be positioned in hard-to-reach or view places;Can be focused to measure small or precise locations;Does not or will not carry electrical current (ideal for explosive hazard locations);F

6、iber cables can be run in existing conduit, cable trays or be strapped onto beams, pipes or conduit (easily installed for expansions or retrofits); and,Certain cables can handle ambient temperatures to over 300C-higher with air or water purging.应用 Applications对于碱性金属和玻璃生产以及这些材料最初的热成型过程，光纤温度计在测量温度上所起到

7、 的巨大作用已获广泛认可。在发电领域中的典型应用是测量锅炉燃烧器火焰和锅炉管温度 以及关键的涡轮区。对于环境恶劣的钢材及其它金属制造车间的轧钢生产线，光纤温度计 同样可以很好地运行。典型应用包括各类锅炉、烧结操作、烤炉和干燥炉。自动化焊接、铜焊和退火设备通常会 产生很强的电场，这会对传统传感器造成干扰。水泥、耐火材料和化工行业中的高温处理作业也经常使用光纤检测温度。在温度稍低一些 的塑料加工、造纸和食品加工领域，这项技术也正被越来越多地采用。光纤技术在熔接过 程、溅镀过程和半导体行业的晶体生长过程中也得到应用。除直接辐射能采集或双色法外，光纤还可直接充当热点位置的辐射发射器，即同时用作传感 器

8、和传播媒介。Westinghouse已开发出适用于核反应堆的这样一种分布式温度监测方法。 类似方法也可用于涡轮或喷气发动机周围的火焰检测。温度计在内部使用了“热点”反映电 路，可确定热点的具体位置。激活的温度测量系统在光纤顶端具有一个包含发冷光的荧光材料的传感头（图1）。仪器封 装内的脉冲光源使荧光材料发出冷光，并根据温度高低显示不同的发光衰减率。此类方法 非常适用于400C以下本身不发光但却具有高温的表面。Fiber optic thermometers have proven invaluable in measuring temperatures in basic metals and

9、glass productions as well as in the initial hot forming processes for such materials. Boiler burner flames and tube temperatures as well as critical turbine areas are typical applications in power generation operations. Rolling lines in steel and other fabricated metal plants also pose harsh conditi

10、ons which are well handled by fiber optics.Typical applications include furnaces of all sorts, sintering operations, ovens and kilns. Automated welding, brazing and annealing equipment often generate large electrical fields which can disturb conventional sensors.High temperature processing operation

11、s in cement, refractory and chemical industries often use fiber optic temperature sensing. At somewhat lesser temperatures, plastics processing, paper making and food processing operations are making more use of the technology. Fiber optics are also used in fusion, sputtering, and crystal growth pro

12、cesses in the semiconductor industry.Beyond direct radiant energy collection or two-color methods, fiber optic glasses can be doped to serve directly as radiation emitters at hot spots so that the fiber optics serve as both the sensor and the media. WestinghouseJOJgSfJ fj/f pw 知 uHifjpspnpui sje s】n

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22、 OMEGA iR2 Series is the state -of-the-art instrument for difficult and demanding high temperature (30QS-3000C) applications. It is ideally suited for measurement and control applications involving metals, glass, semiconductors and more. The iR2 is extremely fast and accurate with a response time of 10 msec and accuracy of 0.2% of