2023高三英语一轮复习课程 介词用法口诀原卷版

1、介词用法口扶.早、午、晚要用in例：in (he morning 在早上in the afternoon 在下午in the evening 在晚上in the day在白天. at黎明、午、夜、点与分例：at dawn, al daybreak在黎明时候at noon在中午at night在夜间at midnight 在午夜以上短语都不用冠词at six oclock 在 6 点钟at 7： 30 (seven thirty)在 7 点半at half past eleven 在 11 点半at nine fifteen 在 9 点 15 分at ten thirty a.m.在上午 1()

2、点 30 分也可以写成seven to five 5点差7分(半小时以上)five minutes after two 2 点过 5 分al a quarter to two I 点 45 分at the weekend 在周末.年、月、年月、季节、周即在“来年“，在“某月“，在“某年某月(但在某年某月某 口那么用on),在四季，在第几周等都要用in。例；in 1986 在 1986 年in 1927 在 1927 年in April在四月in March在三月in December 1986 1986 年 12 月in July 1983 1983 年 7 月in spring在春季in s

3、ummer在夏季in autumn在秋季in winter在冬季in the fist week of this semester 这学期的第一周in the third week 在第三周.阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in,即在阳光下，在灯下，在树阴下，穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用in。例：Dont read in dim light.切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书。They are reviewing their lessons the bright light.他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。They are sitting the shade of a tree.他们坐在树阴下乘凉。a prisoner ir

4、ons带着镣铐的囚犯He went in （he rain to meet me at the station.他冒雨到车站去接我。The poor dressed （clothed） rags in old society.旧社会穷人们衣衫褴褛.以及：in the bright sunlight在明亮的阳光下a merchant in disguise 乔装的商人the woman in white （black, red, yellow）穿着白（黑、红、黄）色衣服的妇女in uniform穿着制服in mourning穿着丧服in brown shoes穿着棕色鞋in his shirt

5、sleeves 穿着衬衫.将来时态in.以后例：They will come back 10 days.他们将 10 天以后回来。Ill come round a day or two.我一两天就回来。Well be back in no time.我们一会儿就回来。Come and see me in two days time.两天后来看我。（从现在开始）after.（从过去开始）.小处at大处in例：Li and I arrived Heishan county safe and sound, all is well. Dont worry.李和我平安地到 达黑山县，一切很好，勿念。I

6、live a great city （big city）, my sister lives a small town while my parents live _ _a village.我住在大城市，我姐姐住在一个小城镇，而我的父母那么住在农村。.有形wilh无形by,语言、单位、材料in例：The workers are paving a road stone.工人们正用石子铺路。（有形）The teacher is correcting the paper a new pen,这位教师正用一支新笔批改论文。（有形）Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy is

7、a good opera. v智取威虎山是-出好戏。（无形）The product is separated distillation into gasoline and gas oil.这种产品是用蒸储别离出气油和粗柴油。（表示方式、手段、方法无形）I really cant express my idea English freely in-deed.我确实不能用英语流利地表达我的思想。I wrote a novel in Russian.我用俄语写了一本小说。（同上）The kilometer is the biggest unit of length the metric system

8、.公里是米制中最长的长度单位。 （表示度、量、衡单位的用in ）The length is measured in meter, kilometre, and centimetre.长度是以米、公里、厘米为单位来计算的。 （同上）This board was cast bronze not in gold.这个牌匾是铜铸的，不是金铸的。.特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用in特征或状态：例：The Democratic Party was then power.那时民主党执政。They found the patient a coma.他们发现病人处于昏迷状态。He has not been g

9、ood health for some years.他几年来身体一直不好。Many who came despair went away in hope.许多人带着绝望情绪而来，却满怀希望而去。The house was ruins.这房屋成了废墟。The poor girl was tears.这个贫苦女孩泪流满面。Her clothes were in rags.她的衣跟穿破了。His shoes were in holes.他的鞋穿出窟窿了。I only said it in fun.我说这话只是开玩笑的。She spoke grief rather than in anger.与其说她

10、讲得很气愤，不如说她讲得很伤心。.还有一些短语也用in,如：in jest 诙谐地,in joke 开玩笑地，in spite 恶意地,in fairness 公正地，in revenge 报复,in mere y宽大，in sorrow伤心地等。His mind was in great confusion.他脑子里很乱。Today everybody is in high spirits and no one is in low ebb.今天大家都兴高采烈，没有一个情绪 低落。She and her classmates are in flower ages.她和她的同学都正值妙龄。The

11、 campaign was in full swing.运动正值高潮中。方面：例：we accepted the item principle.我们在原那么上接受了这个条款。They are never backward giving iheir views.他们从来不怕发表自己的意见。The backward area has achieved self-sufficient grain.这个落后的地区在粮食方面已能自给。A good teacher must be an example study. 一个好的教师必须是学习的模范。方式:例：All the speeches were tak

12、en down shorthand.所有报告都用速记记录下来了。The Party has always educated us in the spirit of patriotism and internationalism.党一贯以爱国主义 和国际主义精神教育我们。如下成语惯用in例如：in all总计in advance 事前in the meantime 与此同时in place适当地in hopes of(或 in the hope of)怀着希望in connection with 和有关in contact with 和联系in addition to 除以夕卜in case o

13、f 倘假设，万一in conflict with 和冲突in force有效的，大批in depth彻底地in regard to 关于in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近in retrospect 回顾，一想起in behalf of代表利益in the least 一点,丝亳in alarm惊慌、担忧in the opinion of 据见解in the long run从长远说来in ones opinion 在看来in word 口头上in a word 总之in vain无益地，白白地in case如果，万一，以防in detail详细地in haste急急忙忙地

14、in conclusion 总之in spite of 尽管in other words.换句话说in reiurn作为回报in the name of 以名义be confident in 对有信心be interested in 对感兴趣in doubt 怀疑in love恋爱中in debt负债in fun (jest、joke)玩笑地in hesitation犹豫不决in wonder在惊奇中in public (secret)公开他(秘密地)in a good humour心情(情绪)好.介词al、lo表方向，攻击、位置、善、恶、分。介词at和to都可以表示方向；用at表示方向时，侧

15、重于攻击的目标，往往表示恶意：用2表示方向 时，突出运动的位置或动作的对象，侧重表示善意。试比拟以下各句：A. She came at me.她向我扑过来。She came to me.她向我走过来。A. Jake ran at John.几 杰克向约翰扑过去。Jake ran to John.杰克朝约翰跑去。A. He rushed at the woman with a sword,他拿着剑向那妇女扑过去。He rushed to the woman with a sword.他带着剑向那妇女跑过去。A. He shouted at the old man.他大声喝斥那老人。He shou

16、ted (o the old man,他大声向那老人说A. I heard her muttering at Xiao Li.我听见她在抱怨小李。I heard her muttering to Xiao Li.我听见她在同小李低声说话。A. She talked at you just now.她刚才还说你坏话呢。She talked to you just now,她刚才还同你谈话呢.A.She threw a bone atthe dog.她用一块骨头砸狗。She threw a bone tothe dog.她把一块骨头扔给狗吃。8.A.He presented a pistolat

17、me.他用手枪对着我。He presented a pistolto me.他赠送我一支手枪。11.日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早午晚；以下皆用。n。例：on October the first 1949 1949 年 10 月 1 日on February the thirteenth 1893 1893 年 2 月 13 日on May the first 5 月 1 日on the first 1 号on the sixteenth 16 号on the second of January 或 on January the second I 月 2 日on a summer evenin

18、g 在夏天的一个夜晚on Boxing Day在节礼日(圣诞节次日)on New Years Day 在元旦on my birthday在我的生日但 in the Christmas holidays 在圣诞节假期；in the eighteenth centuiy 在十八世纪；in ancient times 在古代;in earlier times 在早期；in modern times 在现代,那么用 in, the present time 现在，at the presen t day当今那么用aloon May Day 在,五一”节on winter day 在冬天on Decemb

19、er 12th 1950 1950 年 12 月 12 日on Sunday在星期天on Monday在星期一on Tuesday morning 星期二早晨on Saturday afternoon 星期六下午on Friday evening星期五晚上last night昨夜；in the evening在晚上；on time准时,in time及时,等那么不同。年月日,加早午晚,of之前on代in例：on the morning of 18th 18 口早晨on the evening of 4th 4 日晚上On the eve of their departure they gave

20、 a farewell banquet and their head gave a farewell speech. 他们在临行前夕举行了一次告别宴会，他们的团长发表了告别讲话。收音、农场，值日on例：Did your supervisor like the story over (or on) the radio last night?您的导师喜欢昨天从收音机里听到的故事吗？I heard the news over (or on) the radio.我从收音机里听到了这一条消息。talk over (he radio由无线电播音on TV从电视里hear something on the

21、 wireless 在无线电里听到My brother works on an Army reclamation farm.我哥哥在一个军垦农场工作。The students are working on a school farm.学生们正在校办农场劳动。This is a farmers house on a farm,这是农场的农舍。Who is on duty, today?今天谁值日？We go on duty at 8 a.m.我们上午8点钟上班。关于、基础、靠、著论。n例：This afternoon we arc going to listen to a report on t

22、he international situation.今天卜午我们要 听关于国际形势的报告。Professor Shen will give us a talk travelling in America.申教授将给我们做关于美国之行的报告。You are wrong all these issues.在这些问题上你的看法都错了。The belief is based practical experience.这种信念是以实际经验为基础的。Theory must be based on practice.理论必须以实践为基础。The people in the south live rice.

23、南方人主食大米。(靠)The citizens live on their salaries.城市人靠薪金生活。You cant afford luxuries, on an income of 100 yuan a month.靠月薪 100 元的收入，你是买不起 奢侈品的。Her pet dogs were fed the choicest food.她用精饲料喂养她心爱的狗。He is just a scrounger, who lives n other people.他正是一个小偷，专靠损害别人过日子。Keep the kettle on the boil (=boiling).让水

24、壶的水一直开着。The enemy are on the run (=running).敌人在逃跑。on后接the加上一个作名词的动词.其意义与现在分词所表达的相近。类似例子很多如：on the march 在行军中,on the mend 在好转中,on the prowl 徘徊,on the move 活动中,on the s crounge巧取豪夺(埋语)，on the go活跃，忙碌，on the lookout注意，警戒，on the watch监视着。on th e hop趁不备抓住某人等等。on the Peoples Democratic Dictatorship实践论和矛盾论

25、on the Peoples Democratic Dictatorship论人民民主专政on Coalition Government 论联合政府着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付，相反、准注：口诀中的“看”是指着火，罢指罢工，偷指偷偷地，公指出差、办公事；假指休假，准指准时。例：The house next to mine was on fire.我邻居的房子着火了。The workers of the railway station were strike.铁路T人罢工 了。Grapes and big water melons from Sinkiang are sale on a

26、large sale.新疆葡萄和西瓜大量上 市了。do something on the sly (quiet).秘密地(暗地里，偷偷地)做某事。Ive come here business.我是有公事来的。They went to Bem a mission.他们到伯尔尼去执行一项使命。They has been away on a long trip.他们出去做一次长途旅行。I,ll go home leave next month.下月我将休假回家。I went on business to Shanghai. I did not take leave.我是公出去上海的，不是不告面别。S

27、he came to see you purpose.她是专程来看你的。He came here on purpose to discuss it with you.他到这来是要与你讨论这件事的。This lunch is me.No. lets go Dutch.1”这顿午饭我付钱. ”不，还是各付各的。”On the contrary, it was very easy to understand.相反，这事儿很容易理解。Please conic on time, （on schedule）.请准时来。注：in time是,及时”的意思。The train arrived on sched

28、ule.火车准时到达。特定时间和一就，左右。n后动名词例：Gases expand on heating and contract on cooling.气体加热时膨胀，冷却时收缩 （特定时间） entering the room, he found his friends dancing in high spirits. 一进屋,他就发现他的朋友们 在愉快地跳舞。On reaching the city he called up Lao Yang. 一到城里他就给老杨打了一个 。Ill write to him hearing from you.我接到你的来信就给他写信。（一就）以及on t

29、he left, right向左向右,on the stair在台阶上等。步行、驴、马、玩笑on, cab, carriage用in例：0n foot 步行；on horse 骑马；on donkey 骑驴。The soldier of the Eighth Route Army rode 100 li a horse a day in order to catch up with his unit.为赶上部队，那位八路军战士骑马日行百里。Go on horse back!骑马去！You are having me on!你和我开玩笑呢！in cab 和 in carriage 不能用 on 或 by cab 或 carrigeoal山脚、门口在当前 速、温、日落价核心即在山脚下、在门口、在目前，速度、以速率、温度、在日落时、在核心要用at。例：the foot of the mountain, there arc thirty of our comrades.在山脚卜，有我们 30 个同志。There is a beautiful lake a（ the fool of the hill.山脚下有一个美丽的湖。the gate of the house there are many children playing glassball.门口有一大群孩子在玩玻璃球。 Whos