SAP的校验和替代出口

1、Creating,activatingandtransportingvalidationsandsubstitutionsWhichtransactionsarerequiredtousevalidationorsubstitutionfunctions?GGB0ValidationMaintenanceGGB1SubstitutionMaintenanceGCVZRuleMaintenanceGGB4Actionselectionforvalidation/substitution,forexample,activationofapplicationareas,useofallmessage

2、sorsubstitutedfieldsGCX2DefinitionoftheIncludesforuserexitsOB28ActivationofFIvalidationsOBBHActivationofFIsubstitutionsOBBZActivationofcostofsalesaccountingsubstitution(intheFIarea)OKC7ActivationofCOvalidationsOKC9ActivationofCOsubstitutionsGCT9Transport:ValidationsGCT0Transport:SubstitutionsWhatmus

3、tItakeintoaccountwhenusingtheformulaeditor?a)ValidationGGB0Ifyoucreatethefirstvalidationforacalluppoint,forexamplefinancialaccounting-documentheader,youhavetodefineamessageclass.ThisisthenvalidforALLvalidationsforthiscalluppoint.Notallfieldscanbeusedforvalidationsoncertaincalluppoints,forexampleComp

4、letedocumentinFI.Thisisbecausethereareseveralrowsthereanditisnotclearonwhichrowthecheckistobecarriedout.Youcanonlyusenumericfieldshere.(Note413956)Youshoulduseauserexitifyouneedmorechecksonthiscalluppoint.b)SubstitutionGGB1Ifyoucreateasubstitution,forexamplefinancialaccountingdocumentlineitem,onlyce

5、rtainfieldsareauthorizedforthesubstitution.Thisisbecauseproblemscanoccurwiththedocumentsorinconsistenciescanoccurbetweendifferentapplications.Youcanreleasemorefieldsforsubstitutionbutthiscanbecriticalasseriousproblemscanoccurasaresult.Thisiswhyyoushouldregardthefollowingchangeasamodification(Note170

6、183):TheGB01tablecontainsinformationaboutwhichtablefieldscanorcannotbesubstitutedforwhichcalluppoint.YoucanmakeafieldsubstitutablebychangingtheBEXCLUDEfieldto.Forexample:CompletedocumentcalluppointintheFIInaccordancewiththedefault,nofieldisreleasedforsubstitutiononthiscalluppoint.Youcanseethisinthef

7、ollowingentries:BOOLCLASSCLASSTYPEBCLTABBCLFIELDBEXCLUDE015SBKPF*X015SBSEG*XBOOLCLASS-SpecifiestheBooleanclass.Thisisdeterminedintheapplicationareaandcalluppointineachcase,forexample:008-Documentheader(FI)009-Lineitem(FI)015-Completedocument(FI)016-Costofsalesaccounting100-Documentheader(CO)CLASSTYP

8、ESpecifiesifthefieldcanbeusedinthecaseofvalidations(B),substitutions(S)orbothBCLTAB-TablethatisusedBLCFIELD-FieldofthistableBEXCLUDE-CanbeusedorcannotbeusedX.Asmentionedabove,youshouldequatethischangewithamodification.Problemsthatoccurasaresultofthischangecannotbehandledinthestandardsupport.Whatmust

9、Itakeintoaccountwhenactivatingvalidationsorsubstitutions?Youcanactivatevalidationsandsubstitutionsintwoways.Activationlevel:1-Active2-Active,exceptduringbatchinputprocessingBecausetheactivationinthefinancialaccounting(FI)iscompany-code-specific,thevalidationsorsubstitutionsshouldbeactivatedinbothcom

10、panycodesinthecaseofcross-companycodetransactions.WhatmustItakeintoaccountwhentransportingvalidationsorsubstitutions?Usually,onlytableentriesaretransportedwhenvalidationsorsubstitutionsaretransported.Thegeneratedsourcecodeshouldnotbetransported,sincethiscancauseproblems.Aftertheimportintothetargetsy

11、stem,thesourcecodeisgeneratedautomaticallywhentheRGUGBR00reportisstarted.Ifyouwouldliketodeleteavalidation/substitution,anddonotwanttodothisineachsystemindividually,proceedasdescribedinNote840981.UsinguserexitsinvalidationsorsubstitutionsWherecanImaintainuserexitsforvalidationsandsubstitutions?Theex

12、itsforvalidationsandsubstitutionsarestoredinanIncludeofyourchoice.ThefollowingIncludesaredeliveredasexamplesbydefault:RGGBR000Val/Sub:ExitsforrulesRGGBS000Val/Sub:ExitsforsubstitutionsYoushouldcopytheseintothecustomernamespace,forexampleZGGBR000.Thelengthofthenameyouchooseshouldnotexceed8characters.

13、Thisisbecausethenameisalsogeneratedinthesourcecode,andsoacertainlinelengthmaybeexceededasaresult.YoucanalsocreateaseparateIncludeperclientasthiscanimproveperformance.InTransactionGCX2,youshouldthendefinewhereyourIncludeisused.Todothis,enterthenameofyourIncludeasaformpoolintherelevantapplicationarea.

14、HowshouldIcreateauserexit?DefineyouruserexitintheFORMRoutineGET_EXIT_TITLESwiththecorrectexitcategory(EXITS-PARAM).Youcanusetheexistingsampleentriesasamodelforthis.TheexittypesrequiredintheFORMRoutineGET_EXIT_TITLESareorganizedasfollows:C_EXIT_PARAM_NONENoparameterApartfromthereturnvalue(B_TRUEorB_F

15、ALSE),youdonotneedanyparametersforthevalidation.Ifyoudonotwanttosubstituteafield,usethisparameterinthesubstitution(selectOnlyexit).However,youmustthenuseaTABLEstatementintheformpool(notintheactualform)toidentifythestructureconcerned.C_EXIT_PARAM_FIELDAFieldistransferredasaparameterYouonlyusethistype

16、inthesubstitution.Exactlyonefieldissubstituted.Enteruserexitsofthistypeinthesubstitutionmaintenanceinsteadofassigningaconstantvalue.C_EXIT_PARAM_CLASSAcompletetypeistransferredasaparameterMatrixvalidations/substitutions(Onlyexit).Thisexittypecanonlybeusedinthecaseofcalluppointswithcompletedocuments,

17、forexampleintheFIandtheLC.Youcannotusethisexitcategoryonanyothercalluppoints.Thetransferredtypecontainsallinformationofaclass.AnexampleistheuseofthedocumentheaderandallcorrespondinglineitemsintheFIarea.IntheFORMroutineGET_EXIT_TITLES,changetheNAMEandTEXTfieldoftheEXITSinternaltabletothevaluesyouwant

18、.Useoneofthesampleroutinesasamodelandcopythesetothenamesyouselected.Youcannowimplementthefunctionsyouwantinthisformroutine.Afteryouhavefinishedcreatingtheuserexit,youcanuseitinyourvalidationsorsubstitutions.WhatmustItakeintoaccountwhenimplementingtheuserexit?Nodialogboxes,warningmessages,information

19、messagesanderrormessagescanbeissuedinanexitnorcanaCOMMITWORKberejected.Thiswould,forexample,interruptthebatchprocessingorcauseproblemswiththedocumentstobeposted.Ifyoufindaseriouserrorinthefieldcontentsintheexit,sendaterminationmessage(AorX),whichwillensurethatthetransactionisterminated.DonotuseanyAB

20、APcommandsthatcausetheexittobeleftdirectly,forexampleLEAVE(TO)SCREEN.orSUBMIT.orCALLTRANSACTION.Inanexit,useonlystructurefieldsthatbelongtotheBooleanclassofthecallingsubstitution,validationorrule.Theotherstructurefieldsarenotfilledorarenotfilledproperlyonthecalluppointofthecallsofthesubstitution,val

21、idationorrule.ChangestofieldcontentsmayonlybemadeinasubstitutionexitifthisfieldcanbesubstitutedintheBooleanclass.YoucandisplaysuchfieldsbyselectingtheAddentryfunctioninthesubstitutionmaintenance.IntheIncludesofthesubstitutionexits,youmustnotusethecommandsMODIFY,INSERTorDELETEintheinternallyusedstruc

22、turessuchasBSEGorBKPF.ThesestructuresareinterpretedinternallyasdatabasetablesbecausetheyaredefinedbyaTABLESstatement.Asaresult,databaserecordsarewritten,deletedorchangedwhenyouusethecommandsmentionedabove.Thiscancauseseriousinconsistenciesandproblemsinthedocumentprocessing.Ifyouwanttochangefieldcont

23、entsinExitTypesC_EXIT_PARAM_CLASS,youshouldmakethechangesintheinternaltableBOOL_DATA(forexampleBOLL_DATA-BSEG).ProblemanalysisWhatmustItakeintoaccountbeforeIanalyzetheproblem?Beforeyouanalyzeaproblemwithvalidations/substitutions,makesurethatthegeneratedsourcecodeisup-to-date.YoucanuseReportRGUGBR00t

24、odothis.CallthisreportinTransactionSE38.Youreceivethefollowingselectionscreen:ApplicationareaApplicationcalluppointRegeneratemainprogramGeneratetablefileGeneraterulesGeneratevalidationsGeneratesubstitutionsGeneratesetsGenerateruleuseGeneratevalidationuseGeneratesubstitutionusageGeneratesubstitutione

25、xportroutinesGeneratesubstitutionroutinesinallclientsGeneratetraceprogramcallsNowupdatethesourcecodefortheapplicationareaandapplicationcalluppointinwhichthevalidationorsubstitutionwascreated.Todothis,entertheapplicationarea,forexampleFI,andtheapplicationcalluppoint(0003/completedocument),andsetallin

26、dicatorsexceptforGeneratesubstitutionroutineinallclientsandGeneratetraceprogramcalls.Thenexecutethereport.Thesourcecodeisnowatitscurrentstatus.Howcanthevalidationandsubstitutiontracebeused?ValidationtraceYoucreatedandactivatedavalidation.Youcannowactivatethetrace,forexampleinTransactionGGBO.Todothis

27、,placethecursoronthevalidationandselectExtras-Activatetrace.Example:YoucreatedanFIvalidationontheLineitemcalluppoint.Totestthevalidation,execute,forexample,TransactionFB01.Thetraceisdisplayedassoonasthevalidationisrun.Youcannowseedifferentthingsinthetrace,forexamplethevaluescontainedinthefieldsofthe

28、variousstructures.Fromthis,youcandeducewhetheradditionalchecksarerequired,ortellwhatthecauseofaproblemis.SubstitutiontraceActivatethetraceinthesamewayasyouactivatevalidations.Example:Youcreatedasubstitutioninthesamewayasyouactivatedthetraceinthecaseofthevalidation.Thetraceforsubstitutionshasanadditi

29、onalfunction,inthatyoucanviewthefieldcontentsbeforethesubstitutionaswellasafterthesubstitution.There,problemscanbereproducedinthesameway.HowcanIusetheDEBUGGERtoanalyzeaproblem?a)BasicinformationAllIncludesforvalidationsandsubstitutionsarecreatedinthisform:GBTmmaa0.mmstandsfortwodigitclientkey.Youcan

30、usetheG_CLIENT_ENCODEfunctionmoduletoconvertathree-digitclient(099)toatwo-digitclient,forexample:client100-AAclient800-TQAAstandsfortheapplicationarea,forexampleFI-FinancialAccountingCO-CostAccountingYouwillfindthisabbreviationinthemaintenancetransaction.Therefore,GBTAAFI0istheIncludeinclient100forF

31、Ivalidationsandsubstitutions.b)StructureoftheIncludesandformroutinesforvalidationsandsubstitutionsandtipsonhowtodebugTheabove-mentionedIncludesarestructuredinthefollowingway(sampleIncludeinFI,Client800):INCLUDEGBTTQFIA.RulesINCLUDEGBTTQFIB.SubstitutionsINCLUDEGBTTQFIC.SubstitutionconditionsINCLUDEGB

32、TTQFID.ValidationsINCLUDEGBTTQFIE.ValidationconditionsINCLUDEGBTTQFIF.ValidationchecksINCLUDEGBTTQFII.ApplicationrulesINCLUDEGBTTQFIJ.SubstitutionexportroutinesINCLUDEGBTTQFIM.Trace/simulationINCLUDEGBTTQFIS.SubstitutionimportroutinesTheformroutinesforvalidationshavethefollowingsamplestructure(sampl

33、evalidationwiththenameVAL01):FORMVAL_VAL01.G_BFOUND=B_TRUE.DATA:CONDLIKED_BOOL,CHECKLIKED_BOOL,NVALSEVERESTLIKESY-SUBRCVALUE-1.G_STEP=001.PERFORMVALCOND_1VAL01#001CHANGINGCOND.IFCOND=B_TRUE.PERFORMVALCHCK_2VAL01#001CHANGINGCHECK.IFCHECK=B_FALSE.PERFORMMESSAGE_OUTPUTUSING.NachrichtenparameterCHANGING

34、NVALSEVEREST.ENDIF.ENDIF.ENDFORM.VAL_VAL01StatementG_STEP=001indicatesthestepthatisexecuted.TheprerequisiteofthestepisdefinedinFormRoutineVALCOND_.,theformroutineVALCHCK_.checksthevalidationstep.Toanalyzethisstep,youshouldcreatebreakpointsonthesetwoPERFORMstatementsandalsoonthecodelineIFCHECK=FALSE.

35、Indoingso,youcandeterminewhetheryourprerequisiteorthecheckiscausingtheproblemyouhave,forexampleafieldthatistobecheckeddoesnotcontainthevaluethatyouexpect.Theformroutinesforsubstitutionshavethefollowingsamplestructure(samplesubstitutionwiththenameSUB01):FORMSUB_SUB01.G_BFOUND=B_TRUE.DATA:CONDLIKED_BO

36、OL.G_CLASSID=009.G_SUBST_PERFORMED=B_FALSE.IFG_TAB_FLAG-BSEGB_TRUE.PERFORMREAD_MASTER_DATAUSINGBSEGG_BFOUND.IFG_BFOUND=B_FALSE.MESSAGEE083WITHBSEG.ENDIF.ENDIF.G_STEP=001.PERFORMSUBCON_3SUB01#001CHANGINGCOND.IFCOND=B_TRUE.BSEG-SGTXT=ThisisaTest.TextG_SUBST_PERFORMED=B_TRUE.ENDIF.ENDFORM.SUB_SUB01Asme

37、ntionedaboveforvalidations,G_STEP=001indicatesthestep,andtheprerequisiteofthesubstitutionisdefinedinFormRoutineSUBCON_TheactualsubstitutioniscarriedoutbythestatementsintheIFCOND=B_TRUE-ENDIFstructure.Thesestatementsvarydependingonthetypeofsubstitutioncreated(fieldallocation,constantvalue,userexit).I

38、nthesubstitutions,youshouldalsosetabreakpointonthePERFORMontheprerequisiteandthestatementIFCOND=B_TRUE.FunctionmodulesthatcallvalidationsandsubstitutionsValidations-FunctionmoduleG_VSR_VALIDATION_CALLThedifferentstructures/tables,thenameofthevalidation,calluppointandapplicationareaareassignedtothisf

39、unctionmodule.Substitutions-FunctionmoduleG_VSR_SUBSTITUTION_CALLTheparameterstransferredtovalidationsarealsotransferredtothisfunctionmodule.However,structures/tablesthatcontainthechangedvaluesarealsoreturned.Youcouldsetabreakpointtoanalyzebothfunctionmodules.Indoingso,youcouldseewhichdatawastransferred,whichdatathevalidationorsubstitutionattains,andwhichvaluesarereturned.WhatmustItakeintoaccountduringthesetusage?Whensetsareusedinvalidationsorsubstitutions,sourcecodeisgeneratedfromthevaluesinthesets.Performanceproblemscanocc