人教版初三英语总复习讲义

1、人教版初三英语总复习讲义八种动词时态，有的只要求达到理解层次，有的则要求达到熟练运用层次。至少其中五种时态包括过去进行时是要求达到熟练运用层次的，而且其考查方式肯定不会以某一时态的独立形式出现，而是时态的综合运用，尤其要重视各种时态之间的区别。找出它们之间的不同冠词的用法 .现以冠词为例：John was given orange bag for his birthday but bag waslost just now.A.an,a B.a,the C.the,a D.an,theTheres old tree near house. A.a,an B.an,theC.a,the D.the

2、,agood,kind girl she is! A.How B.What a C.What D.How abad weather!I hope it wont last long. A.How B.WhatC.What a D.How athey are listening to the teacher!A.How careful B.What careful C.How carefully D.What carefully由上例题我们可以发现冠词和感叹句是必考内容。同样，象宾语从句的语序、代词的格、主谓语一致、动词和介词的搭配、近义词的比较以及习惯表达法和情态动词的使用等，无一不在考查之列

3、。 所有这一切语言基础知识，我都将通过对典型试题的解题分析， 展开讨论， 分层展示难易对比， 系统归纳。 对于语言基础知识是这样处理，那么对以能力测试为主要目的的中考其他试题形式又该怎么办呢？ 这里我们以一篇完形填空题为例：A poor farmer had never left his small village.After he(1) a lot ofmoney,he decided to spend a holiday in an expensive hotel(旅馆 )in abigtown.(2)lunch time came on his first day there,he we

4、nt to eat in therestaurant( 餐馆 )of the hotel(3) his new clothes.The head waiter(服务员 )(4)him to the table,took his order and went away.When he turned and(5)the farmer again,he had a (6)!The farmer had tied(系)his table clothround his (7).The head waiter told another waiter to go to the farmer and (8)

5、himthat people (9) do such a thing in his restaurant.So the waiter went tothe farmer and said in a (10) voice( 声音 ),Good morning,sir.Would you like a haircutB.made C.paidD.gaveC.WhenD.BecauseB.with C.on D.in4.A.wanted B.put C.showed D.brought要求考生从所给的选项中选出正确答案，使补足后的短文意思通顺，结构完整。对此，考生必须通篇考虑，不能拿来就做，那样必然

6、顾此失彼，前后意思不得连贯。目前的中考完型还侧重于语法，这将在逐年试题的变革中转向按上下文的要求来推断理解。在解这类题时，必须掌握“词感现象”,注意学会区分“干扰项”所谓词感， “the sense of word 是指一种对词或词群的感受能力。对词的感受力强， 在解题时会较为容易地找到它与情景的关系。词感并不仅仅指词与词之间的细微差异，也并不注重词的搭配与组合，它较多地强调选用恰当的词，以利于对情景作出合乎逻辑的判断。同时也就把其它三个作为干扰项的选择项排除掉了。最后复读一篇全文，就会语感流畅，句意明确。这儿举例的目的是想说明，我从一个较高的立意来对中考题型，特别是完形、阅读等，进行分析、探

7、讨，借以使同学们获得较为完整的解题思路和解题方法。词汇（一）这一讲里，主要帮助同学们掌握名词、冠词、数词的用法，特别是针对同学不易掌握的方面。一、名词 关于名词，我们必须掌握名词的数，名词的格。单数可用a、an来修饰可数名词单数，在元音发音开头的单词前用an,而不是a数的构成方法：（1） 一般在复数名词后加s,如：dog-dogs 0以 s、 x、 ch 、 sh 结尾的名词加es ，如：watch-watches 。以辅音字母加y 结尾的名词， 变 y 为 i 加 es， 如： country-countries请区别： 如果是元音字母加 y 结尾的名词， 则只须加 s。 如： monkey

8、-monkeys。以 o 结尾的名词，只有potato（ 土豆 ） ， tomato（ 西红柿 ） 加 es 构成复数。 以f、fe结尾的名词，变 f、fe为v再加es, 如：knife-knives 。2. 单复数形式相同的词：sheep-sheep ，fish-fishChinese-ChineseJapanese-Japanese特殊变化的单词有：（1）tooth-teeth， foot-feeth（2）man-men ， woman-women， policeman-policemen,Frenchman-Frenchmen请区别：German（德国人）-Germans（3）child

9、 -children常以复数形式出现的名词： people（ 人） ， clothes（ 衣服 ） ， trousers（ 裤子 ） glasses（ 眼镜 ） , 这些名词作主语时，同学们应特别注意它们的谓语，用复数。如： My clothes are （be） newer than yours.有些名词看似复数形式，实际上是单数。这一点是同学不易掌握的，应特别加以记忆。如：news（消息），maths（数学），physics（物理）No news is good news.可用 how many， many， a few ， few ， a lot of ， lots of ， some，

10、 any 等来修饰可数名词复数。 How many are there in your pencil-box（knife）不可数名词：1.常见的不可数名词有：water, rice , fish , meat,等。应特别记medicine,news,work,homework,housework,money,chalk,weather,cotton,woo d.不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数。如： Some breadoverthere.（be）常用 how much,much,a little,little,a lot of,some,any等来修饰不可数名词。常用 a piece o

11、f,a cup of 等来表示不可数名词的量。如要表达“两片面包” 这样的意义， bread 仍为不可数名词， 不加 s ， 而 piece 则可加 s 。 即： twopiecesofbread请区别： 可数名词也可用量来表示， 如： 三箱苹果 three boxes of apples例： 1 、 These two pieces of bread over there.(be)2、 Could I have three ,please ？A.piece of bread B.piece of breads C.pieces of breadD.pieces of breads名词的格 名

12、词所有格的构成方法，在名词后加“ s 。如：TomToms译 为“的”，若遇上以s结尾的复数名词，则在s后加“”即可。如：TeachersDay , twoweeksholiday ，而不以 s 结尾的复数名词的所有格，仍按惯例加 s 。如：Childrens Day关于名词所有格，应掌握以下几点：1. 可用名词所有格表示地点。如： myaunts 我姑姑家。 go to the doctors去医生家。表示两人共同拥有，在最后一个名词后加 s 如： Lucy and Lilys 露西和莉莉的掌握词组： a girl of five 一个五岁的女孩a friend of mine 我的 一个朋

13、友Kate,my B.Kates,mineeg;The white shirt is and blue one is . AC.Kate,mine D.Kates,my二、冠词冠词是词汇中的基础的，也是简单的部分，所以同学们有必要掌握其基本用法，归纳起来，同学们应该掌握以下几点： 1. 冠词指不定冠词 a,an 和定冠词the不定冠词 an 常用于元音发音开头的词前，如： an hour,an English car. 请区别： a useful machine指上文提到过的人或物，用定冠词 the在世界上独一无二的事物前用定冠词 the. 如： the sun,the moon,the ea

14、rth定冠词 the 用于序数词前，表示方位的名词和形容词最高级前。如： thefirst,the best ,in the south在复数姓氏前加the,表示xx 一家人，常看成复数。如： The Browns are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer.在介词短语中常用定冠词 the ，如： in the box ,behind the chair特别注意不能用定冠词 the 的几个方面：在节日、星期、月份、季节、年等词前不用冠词。如： in summer,in August请区别： in the spring of 1945. ( 这

15、里表示特指，故加 the)一日三餐和球类运动名不用冠词。 如： have breakfast ,play football一些固定词组中，如： go to bed ,go to school,by bus ,at night.在有些词组中，有冠词和无冠词意思不同，请注意区别：in front of 在前面in the hospital在医院里in the front of在范围内的前部 in hospital ( 生病)住院练习 :Theres 800-metre-long road behind hospital.A.an,an B.a, a C.an, the D.a, the三、数词同学

16、们首先应会读会写所有基数词和序数词，以及与数词有关的钟点表达法。对数词的考查，中考常采用单选题及听力题，这些题型归纳起来，应掌握以下几点特别容易出错的地方。1. 基数词变序数词。其规律为：1,2,3 特殊记，加th 从 4 起 (first,second,third,fourth)8 少 t ， 9 去 e ，千万别忘记(eighth,ninth)逢 5 逢 12 ， ve 变 f(fifth,twelfth)20 到 90， y 要变 ie (twentieth,ninetieth)若是几十几，前基后序别倒位 (ninety-first).hundred,thousand,million 在

17、构成具体的数字时用单数形式。 如： fivehundred people. 只有在表达笼统的多数时才加 s ，构成复数形式。hundreds of 数以百计的，成百上千的 thousands of 数以千计的，成千上万的millions of 数百万的 这些词组前不能用具体数字。. 序数词常与定冠词 the 连用。练习 : Henry has learned eight French words this year.A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundred of D.hundreds of The lesson is the most difficult one in Bo

18、ok Two. （twenty）另外，同学们还应掌握与数词有关的钟点表达法。顺读法 （钟点分钟 ） 如： 4:30 four thirty 4:45 four forty-five4:15 four fifteen倒读法 （ 分钟 to past 钟点 ） 如： 4:30 half past four4:15 fifteen past four a quarter past four 4:45 fifteen to fivea quarter to five练习题 :.At the beginning of the(twenty) century,the worlds populationwa

19、s about 1700 million.Are these(watch)yours Yes.You dont look well.Youd better go to the(doctor) at once.Would you give me,pleaseA.two papers B.two piece of paper C.two pieces of paper D.twopieces of papers.There are threeand sevenin the picture.A.monkeys,sheepsB.monkeys,sheepC.monkies,sheepD.monkies

20、,sheeps.A lot ofare talking with two.A.Germans,Frenchmans B.Germen,Frenchmans C.German, FrenchmenD.Germans,Frenchmen.June 1 is _.A.the Childrens Day B.the Childrens DayC.Childrens Day D.Childrens Day.people went out to see what had happened.A.Thousands of B.Three thousand ofC.Thousand of D.Three tho

21、usands.We have been in the school for.A.three and a half month B.three and a half monthsC.three month and a halfD.three months and half.English is useful language. A.A, an B./,a C.The, an D. A, /.John was given orange bag for his birthday but bag waslost just now.A.an,a B.a,the C.the,a D.an,the.Ther

22、es old tree near house. A.a,an B.an,theC.a,the D.the,a.There is 800-metre-long road behind 四. 代词人称代词 :主格 : 单数 I 、 you 、 he 、 she 、 it 复数 we 、 you 、they宾格 : 单数 me 、 you 、 him 、 her 、 it 复数 us 、 you 、 them物主代词: 形容词性 my 、 your 、 his 、 her 、 its 、 our 、 your 、 their名词性mine 、 yours 、 his 、 hers 、 its 、 o

23、urs 、 yours 、 theirs 反 身 代 词 :myself、 yourself、 himself、 herself 、 itself 、ourselves 、 yourselves 、 themselves形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语，相当于一个形容词，名词性物主代词在句中可作表语、主语和宾语，相当于一个名词。注意名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系 , 是单数还是复数。如：（1） These books arent ours. Ours are new.（这里 ours=our books） This is not our room. Ours is over there. （

24、 这里 ours=our room）他的一个妹妹of+ 名词性物主代词表示所属 如： a sister of his friend of mine 我的一个朋友人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为： “第二人称，第三人称，第一人称” 。如： You, she and I all enjoy the music.关于反身代词，同学们须掌握其固定结构：enjoy oneself=have a good time （ 过得很愉快） by oneself=alone （ 单独、独自 ）help oneself to （随便吃/喝 些）learn sth. byoneself =teach oneself st

25、h. （ 自学 ）练习题.-Whose trousers are these -, I think.A.They B.Their C.Theirs D.Them. Nobody taught_English. He taught. A.him, himself B.his,himself C.him, by himself D.his, his（二） 修饰可数名词 many few 表否定意义a few 表肯定意义修饰不数名词much little 表否定意义a little 表肯定意义few 和little 与 quite 或 only 连用时，常加不定冠词 a. 如 :There are

26、quite a few new books in the library.=用 little, a little, few, a few填空 :1.I often stay at home because I have friends here.Jim,dont go and get some water. There is water in the glass.Though he learned French only weeks. He can speak very well.Lily had bread because she was hungry yesterday.（三）不定代词 :

27、 something, anything, nothing.当形容词修饰这三个不定代词时，常后置。 如： something newTheres in todays newspaper. 中考题A.important anything B.important something C.anything importantD.something important（ 四） 另外，还要注意代词 some, every, all, both, either, anotherI.some （一些，某）一般用于肯定句中注：some有时也可用于表示请求的疑问句中。any （任何） 多用于疑问句和否定句 Wi

28、ll you give me some water Would you like some meat May I ask some questions Could I have some apples.every 单数名词 “每一个” 强调共性，作定语, 形式上为单数。each “每一个” 强调个性，作定语、主语、宾语和同位语，常与 of 连用。如 : Each student was asked to try again. Each of them has a nice skirt.Every child likes playing games.all “（全部 ）都” 表示三者或三者以上，

29、作同位语时，一般放在连系、助动词之后，行为动词之前。none “没有”表示三者或三者以上都不，后常跟介词 of如： We are all from Canada. = All of us are from Canada.None of us is/are afraid of dogs. （单、复数均可）.both “（两者）都” , 作主语时，看作复数；作定语时，后跟名词复数。either“两者中任何一个”作主语时，谓语用第三人称单数; 作定语时，后跟名词单数。neither(两者)都不”，含有否定意义，用法同 either 。如： They both swim well. =Both of

30、them swim well.There are trees on both sides of the street. = There are trees on either side of the street.Neither of us is going to Beijing next week.Neither answer is right.another +单数名词，“另一个”one the other 一个，另一个”the other + 复数名词=the others其他的人或物”(指确定范围内剩下的全部)others “别人”(五)疑问代词 5 个 “wh” , 即 who, w

31、hose, whom, what, which这里，which是同学们不易掌握的内容，其实，同学们只须记住，对作定语的 内容提问，常用which.例如：I like the red shirt.do you like练习：一、根据所给单词的适当形式填空，使句意通顺，语法完整Can you come with us (we)These skirts are hers . Yours are over there.(she)Please take care of yourselves , boys and girls.(you)I dont think this is myfrisby, thou

32、gh it looks like mine .(I)10. Look atthose books. Are they yours(that)二、根据首字母填空Is there anything interesting in the newspaperShe asked us to help each other.The old man can neither read nor write.Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.Please help yourself to some fish, Lucy.三、同义句转换A: The

33、 children played happily in the zoo yesterday.B: The children enjoyed themselves in the zoo yesterday.17、A: He doesnt like mutton, and she doesnt, either.B:Neither he nor she likes mutton.18、A: All the American people dont like sandwiches.B:Not all the American people like sandwiches.19、A: They dont

34、 often hear the twins sing the song in the school.B:Neither of the twins is often heard tosing thesong in the school.ZK)四、单项选择(C)20、-Can you speak Chinese, Peter-Yes, but only . A. little B. few C. a little D. a few(A)21、-Do you like Janes new skirt-Yes, very much. Ill ask mum to buy for me.A. one B

35、. it C. the other D. a(B)22、The color of her skirt is different from of mine. A. one B. that C. it D. this(B)23、Students are usually interested in sports. Somelike running, some like swimming. like ball games.A. the others B. others C. the other D. other(A)24、-Ill give the boys to eat.-Oh, I know, f

36、ish and chips.A. something English B. English something C. anything English D.English anything(D)25、-Shall I help you with the heavy box-No, thanks, I can do it . A. me B. my C. mine D. myself(D)26、-What time shall we meet this afternoon,3:00 or 4:00-I dont mind. time is OK.A. Neither B. Each C. Any

37、 D. Either(C)27、-My bag is full, what about - is full, too.A. you, Yours B. his, He C. yours, Mine D. hers, She (D)28、-Ive had enough bread, Would you like-No, thanks.A. a few more B. one more C. another more D. some more(A)29、There are many trees on sides of the river.A. both B. either C. neither D

38、. each(A)1、He has two bikes, one is new, is 01d.A. the other B. other C. the others D. others(C)2、Without the sun, could grow in the world.A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything(B)3、 of them is going to play basketball with you this afternoon.A. All B. Neither C. Some D. Both(B)4、-Can you

39、 tell me what a panda looks like-Look! This is a picture of . A. it B. one C. two D. some(B)5、There are not many pears here, but you can take if you want to.A. few B. a few C. a little D. little五、形容词副词大多数的形容词、副词都有三个等级：原级：比较级： 比较.，更.一些最高级：最(A) 1.构成：(规则情况)情况变化方法例词单音节词和少数双音节词：般情况 力口 er, est clever-clev

40、erer-clevereste 结尾 加 r, st nice-nicer-nicest重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写加 er, est big-bigger-biggest以辅音字母加y 结尾 变 y 为 i 加 er, est early-earlier-earliest部分双音节和多音节词 在词前加more, most slowly-more slowly-mostslowly2. 不 规 则 变 化 ， 须 熟 记 ： good/well-better-best many/much-more-most far-farther-farthestbad/badly/ill-wors

41、e-worst little-less-least(B) 常见的使用情况.asas 和 一样(中间用原级).not as(so) as和 不一样(中间用原级)3than .比(用比较级)有范围修饰的用最高级如 :in, of, among 或用从句修饰的eg. Winter is the coldest season of the year. This is the best film that I have ever seen .比较级+and+比较级 意为“越来越.eg: wetter and wetter more and more beautifulThe+比较级，the+比较级 越

42、就越 . eg:The more, the better.越多越好(C) 注意点： 1. 形容词最高级前一定要用 the, 副词最高级前可省略。可用 much, a little, even, still等修饰比较级。3.在比较级中为了避免重复，在than 后常用 one,that,those 等词来替代前面提到过的名词。eg:The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.(D) 掌握三种同义句转换：.He is taller than any other student in his class. =He is the tallest(st

43、udent)in his class.This film is less interesting than that one. =This film isnt as interesting as that one.=That film is more interesting than this one.3.I prefer maths to English. =I like maths better than English.Which do you like , fish, meat eggs A.best, or B.better,orC.best, and D.better,and此外，

44、关于形容词、副词的内容同学们还须掌握：1. 形容词修饰名词作定语，跟在连系动词之后作表语。.副词修饰动词、形容词或其它副词enough属例外词：形/副+enough todo enough+ 名词例如 ;She is old enough to go to school.她够上学的年龄了。. 区别几组易混淆的副词: 也 too 用于肯定、疑问句 also 较为正式书面语either 用于否定句 已经 already 常用于肯定句、疑问句 yet 常用于否定句、疑问句不再 no (not any) longer 从时间上讲no (not any) more 从动作上讲如此这样 such 修饰名词

45、 eg: such a big boxso 修饰形容词、副词 eg: so big单独、独自 alone 作表语 =byoneself 孤独的 lonely 可作表语、定语eg:A group of girls are singingand dancing over there. （happy）练习题.The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing bythe lake. _ are climbing the hill.A.Others B. Other C. Another D.The other.There

46、 isnt in todays newspaper.A. important something B. important anything C. anything importantD. nothing important3.-Whose watch is this, Mary Is it your sisters-No,Mum. Its not . Its . A.hers, my B. her, my C. Mine,hers D.hers, minehe Changjiang River is the third _ river in the world. A.long B.longe

47、r C.longest D.the longestAn elephant is than a horse.A.more strong B. much stronger C. the most strong D. muchmore strongWhich do you like , tea, orange or water A.good B.Well C.Better D. Best六、介词与形容词搭配的词组有： be afraid of （怕） be angry with （生某人的气）（与不同）be away from （不在某地） be different frombe good at（善

48、于） be good/ bad for （对有益/有害） be interestedin（对感兴趣）be late for（迟到）be/get ready for（为作好准备）be sure of （对有把握）be worried about（为感至 U担/优）介词后常用人称代词宾格和动词 -ing 形式1）You must take good care of her. 2）Thank you for teaching us so well.几组易混淆的介词A “在 . 之后” in + 一段时间（用于一般将来时）after + 一段时间（用于一般过去时） after + 一点时间（常用于一般

49、将来时）如： The baby stopped crying after half an hour.The baby will stop crying in half an hour. They will visit theirteacher after Friday.B for + 一段时间 since + 过去的一点时间这两者均用于现在完成时，具体在时态部分，我会继续向同学们讲解。C. be madeof 用制成be madein 由某地制造 be madeby somebody“由某人制成”D in, on, at 表时间 in “在某月 （季节、年） 等” eg:in 1996, in

50、 January,in summer固定词组： in the morning, in a week,in a minute,in time, in the endon 用于指具体的某一天或专指某一天上午、下午或晚上等eg:on Christmas Day, on the night of February 16at“用于具体时刻前和某些固定词组中”固定词组： at seven, at the moment, at night, at last, at first, atnoon, at times, at once, at this time of the year, at the begin

51、ning of, at the end of this month, at the same time注意：在表时间里，下列情况下一般不用介词。词组里有： next, last, this, that, tomorrow, yesterday, one, every, all 以及 the day before yesterday 和 the day after tomorrow前不用介词。 如 : 不能说 in tomorrow , 只能说 tomorrow 在明天E. except + 宾格/doing something 除之外”（不包括本身）Everyone is at school

52、today except Lin Tao. （ 同义句转换） =Only Lin Taoisnt at school today.F “用” 通过交通工具by plane用语言 in English 通过媒介 on /over the telephone, on /over the radio, on TV用工具手段with a pen, with ones handsG between “在 和 （两者）之间”between.and., between the two. among在 . 之间 （ 三者或三者以上）eg.Sue spent over two hours _ her homew

53、ork yesterday evening. A.onB.with C.at D.over七、连词.并列连词both and既又谓语用复数动词neither nor既不也不含否定意义，（就近原则）谓语动词由靠近它的那个主语来决定单复数。eitheror或者或者”and “和” 连接两个并列成分, 连接谓语时 , 两个动词时态应一致。but “但是” 表转折，不能与though 同时出现在句中。or “或者” 在否定句中， 并列句中的列举常用 or ， 而不用 and 。 Eg: I have brothers and sisters.（ 否） I dont have brothers or s

54、isters.= I have no brothers and no sisters.引导宾语从句的连词陈述句： that 可省略 一般疑问句： if /whether “是否” 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词引导原因状从的有： because （ 不能与 so 同时出现在句中 ）引导时间状语从句的连词：when （当时候），as soon as（一就），not until（直至U才），after（在之后），引导的主从复合句，主句为一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时来代替一般将来时。 Eg: I wont leave until he comes back.since （自从以来）引导的主从复合句，主句为

55、现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 Eg ： We havent met each other since she left here last year.while （当时候，一边一边）它引导的时间状语从句常用进行时态。Eg: My father came in while I was doing my homework.5 引导条件状语从句的连词： if “如果” ，引导条件状从，主句用一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时。请区别于 if “是否”相当于whether ，引导宾语从句，时态根据语境确定eg:1）I dont know if it （rain） tomorrow.2)If it(rai

56、n) tomorrow, I(not climb) the hills.3)Joan and Mary havent seen each other they left school fiveyears ago.A.as B.before C.after D.since八、构词法构词有法记无定法一、利用构词法记忆：. 合成法： note + booQ notebook , school + yard f schoolyard , book+ mark f bookmark.派生法(即在词根上加前、后缀记忆)：en (使有)+ courage encourage ; inter (one wit

57、h another ; faceto face) + view f interview ; foreign +er (人)f foreigner , play +er (执 行动作的人)f player , sharpen + er (执行动作的物)f sharpener ; library + (yf i ) an(人)f li brarian ； miss (v.) + ing f missing (adj .), probable(adj .) + (l ) yfprobably (adv.), sad (adj .) +ly fsadly (adv.); compose (v.) +

58、(eT ”ion f composition (n.), inform (v.) + (a”ion f information (n.).转化法： know (v.) f knowledge (n.)二、意义关联帮你记忆：kitchen -cookdictionary words, umbrella rain , library bookshelf ,三、英英解释，温故知新：abroad in or to another country , overseas ; interview meeting with sb. 说说记忆单词的方法词是构成句子的重要元素，词汇量的多少在英语学习中占有重要地位

59、。今天我 们讲讲怎样记忆单词。一、把单词放入句子中，在一定的语言环境中记忆单词。如果一旦忘记词义， 就回忆它所在的句子。很多成绩较好的同学都有一个体会，抓住对句子的理解 和背诵这样一个关键，记忆单词一般来说是毫不费力的。二、将单词按归类的方法进行记忆。把同义词归成一类，如 learn study, between among 反义词归成一类， 如 leftright , highlow, strongweak；或根据含义和用途把同一类型的t归成一类，如交通工具类： car, bus, ship , plane , truck ,学科类： maths, science , art , geogr

60、a phy, 频度副词类： always , usually , often , sometimes, never , 等等。这样当 遇到其中一个词时，头脑中出现的就是一组词，这样记忆单词的效率就会大大 提高。同时，还可以掌握词与词之间的区别和各自特殊的用法，将平时极易混 淆的单词清楚地区别开来。三、利用构词法记忆单词。比如 happy （幸福的），加前缀“ un”成为unhappy （不幸福的），改“ y”为“ i ”加后缀“ ness”则变成了名词：happiness （幸 福）；“pea （豌豆）”与“nut （坚果）”可合成为“ peanut （花生） ；when （何 时）+ eve