江苏开放大学综合英语（进阶）形考作业四

1、我的课程综合英语（进阶）阶段性小结四形成性考核作业四（占总成绩7. 5%）作业详情0DI. Fill in the blanks with the words or expressions given in a word bank below. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each blank.A. As is the case B.portray C plimentD. persist in E. conscientiousF. isol

2、ated fromG.twisted H.have relevance to I.afflicted by J.embarked onAccurate and inaccurate information is mixed and it is not easy to tell what has been and what has not.The school provides courses that the workplace and what student will do in the future.Some peoples traditional view that language

3、learning is essentially the same as the learning of grammar or language rules.with most children,Tony likes to play with small animals.They put the old lady in nursing homes, family warmth and contact.The director needed an actress who could Audrey Hepburn.He has been a horrible disease, from which

4、one of his friends died.Praise must be given to the students who perform up to expectations.The movie presents Lincoln as a strong-willed, man who led the US through political crisis.Most of the students have sustained further study.客观题总分值：20分得分：20分第1空分值：2分第2空分值：2分第3空分值：2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分第6空分值：2分第7空

5、分值：2分第8空分值：2分第9空分值：2分第10空分值：2分止确答案：G； H； D； A； F； B； I； C； E； J学生答案：G； II； D； A； F； B； I； C； E； J老师点评：答案解析:D2. Read the passage and select one word for each blank.A. thrillB.surroundsC.ofD esE. internationallyF. lessonsG.eventuallyH.terrificI.forwardJ.overwhelmingCelebrities are people just like the

6、 rest of us. They re 1 famous, but their lives are also filled with ups and downs, tragedies and triumphs. Their committed spirit will surely lift us up and teach us valuable life 2. Similarly, their generous and compassionate character will also give us an empowering sense of hope that if they can

7、do it,so can we.In the rosy glow that 3the world of Hollywood celebrities are stories of struggles and battles with life-crippling conditions. Many celebrities repeatedly try their utmost to beat the odds of their own lives, though on the surface we see their natural intelligence instantly 4audience

8、s. Celebrities like Oprah Winfrey are hugely popular for turning their lives around with hard work and5 talent. However, there are those who you never thought had their own struggles.Jim Carrey may be the world，s most famous rags-to-riches actor, and he lived in 6misery when he was younger.He worked

9、 at a tire factory eight hours a day to help his family with the bills. Because 7his family，s desperate reality of poverty, he dropped out of high school. Mark Wahlberg, another well-known actor, also grew up in a physically dangerous neighborhood where stealing and dealing drugs were part of the da

10、y-to-day scene. He 8 led that kind of lifestyle. He had been in trouble 20-25 times in his young and finally he was sent to jail and stayed there for 45 days. After that, he decided to improve his behavior and gradually rectified the situation and achieved todays success.Life does not discriminate a

11、mong the type of people when it 9to personal setbacks and obstacles. Struggles and hardships happen to everyone, ordinary people and celebrities alike. It is most important to get through the emotionally draining life by looking 10, drawing courage to face the odds and hope for the best.客观题总分值：20分得分

12、：20分第1空分值：2分第2空分值：2分第3空分值：2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分第6空分值：2分第7空分值：2分第8空分值：2分第9空分值：2分第10空分值：2分正确答案：E； F； B； A； H； J； C； G； D； I学生答案：E； F； B； A； H； J； C； G； D； I老师点评：i3ID3. Reading comprehension. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Every dream is a message from your unconscious self, expressed

13、 in a code which only you can understand and interpret. The images, colors, moods and terms of your dreams depend upon your own culture, upbringing, slang and your own understanding of things and values. Dreaming is like looking into a mirror and seeing yourself with your own eyes.The first dreams w

14、hich we have after falling asleep often revolve around the days events. We go through them, sorting out and discarding things we don，t need to remember and gaining insight into those that we do. Often, we are inspired with suggestions that we can use to remedy the situations that plague us by day. A

15、s we progress through the night，s dreams, they may take up more fantastic qualities, offering fanciful experiences.These often pleasant images can relieve the stress of the day. But the dream we have just before the awakening often contains the information the subconscious mind wants to make known t

16、o the conscious. And this information, if remembered, interpreted, and understood, can serve as an important tool in our lives.Depending upon the content,dreams can strike us with their peculiarity, or sometimes even their alarming nature. Some dreams haunt us for years, not only because of their pe

17、rsistence,but also primarily because we cannot explain or understand them. Other dreams stand out with the weird mixture of images, emotions and context, which make us remember them for life. Recurring dreams are quite common, and we usually have them when a certain life situation repeats, or we are

18、 facing the same problem over and over again. A recurring dream is often a sign of some emotional weakness in our nature, which causes us problems over the years.Lucid dreams are rare, but they are all about people，s ability to control their dreams. In such a dream, the dreamer becomes consciously a

19、ware that she or he is dreaming and is able to use the memory and participate in dream actions and emotions. Lucid dreams are usually enhanced in a sensory and imaginary way, and sometimes can be accompanied by pleasant music. People can lean the techniques of controlling their dreams. Some historic

20、 manuscripts and records say that the ability to control dreams helps a person to reach a higher degree of mind development.Why is it only the dreamer himself who can understand his dreams?A)Dreams are always based on the dreamers deep feelings.B)Dreams are expressed in a code only the dreamer can u

21、nderstand.C)Dreams are always something related to the dreamers upbringing.D)Dreams are related to the dreamers personal conditions.According to the second paragraph, dreams.A)are always about the days events,sorted out by the dreamer one by oneB)are primarily meant to relieve the stress of the dayC

22、)are important at the stage just before you wake upD)move from different stages, each with different functionsWhat triggered recurring dreams?A)A repetition of an event, a problem or emotional weakness.B)A certain life situation that causes us stress.C)Our fanciful experiences.D)Our fantastic qualit

23、ies.The wordlucid(Para. 4)probably means.A)highly consciousB)understandableC)easy to rememberD)clearly presentedIt can be concluded from the passage that dreams offer us the potential to.A)predict the futureB)improve our consciousnessC)improve our imaginationD)understand ourselves客观题总分值：10分得分：10分第1空

24、分值：2分第2空分值：2分第3空分值：2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分正确答案：D； B； A； A； B学生答案：D； B； A； A； B老师点评:答案解析:111D4. Passage Two. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Shoppers on Black Friday, the traditional start of the holiday shopping season in America,are very aggressive. Some even start queuing outside st

25、ores before dawn to be the first to lay their hands on heavily discounted goods. Despite the frenzy (疯 狂)at many stores, however, the recession appears to have accelerated the pace at which shoppers are abandoning bricks and mortar (实体店)in favor of online retailers e-tailers.So this year Black Frida

26、y also marks the start of many conventional retailers，attempts to regain the initiative.E-commerce holds particular appeal in straitened times as it enables people to compare prices across retailers quickly and easily. Buyers can sometimes avoid local sales taxes online, and shipping is often free.

27、No wonder, then, that online shopping continues to grow even as the offline sort shrinks.The shift in spending to the internet is good news for companies like P&G that lack retail outlets of their own. But it is a big concern for brick-and-mortar retailers, whose prices are often higher than those o

28、f e-tailers,since they must bear the extra expense of running stores. Happily, however, conventional retailers are in a better position to fight back than last year, when overstocking forced them to resort to destructive discounting.The most obvious response to the growth of e-tailing is for convent

29、ional retailers to redouble their own efforts online.The online arms of big retailers are performing well, on the whole.Retailers are also trying to make shopping seem fun and exciting to act against the economic gloom. One common tactic is to set upz，pop-upz，stores, which appear for a short time be

30、fore vanishing again, to foster a sense of novelty (新奇)and urgency.Shoppers are increasingly looking for anexperiencewhen they go to stores, says Jack Anderson of Hornall Anderson, a branding and marketing firm, and are no longer interested in purelyz，transact ion-based bricks and mortarstores，/. Ap

31、ple, which encourages customers to try out its devices in its stores, is considered a pioneer of this strategy, and has attracted many imitators. Stores are also trying to lure customers by offering services that are not available online. Best Buy, a consumer-electronics retailer, has started sellin

32、g music lessons along with its musical instruments. The idea is to bring people back to its shops regularly, increasing the likelihood that they will develop the habit of shopping there.The recession of stores appears to have accelerated because.A)stores refuse to give heavy discountsB)more shoppers

33、 turn to online shoppingC)buyers are tired of queuing outside storesD)customers are not confident in the economyWhy is online shopping appealing to customers?A)Goods sold online tend to be of higher quality.B)Online shoppers do not have to pay purchase tax.C)Many online retailers offer free delivery

34、 of goods.D)Prices are often the lowest for the same goods.What is said about brick-and-mortar stores in the third paragraph?A)They start to set up their own online stores.B)They hold a better situation than last year.C)They make more profits from higher prices.D)They are not faced with the problem

35、of overstock.According to the passage, retailers launched，/pop-up，,stores to.A)offer shoppers new and exciting experiencesB) cut down the extra expense of running storesC)attract customers with destructive discountingD)let customers learn about their products onlineWhat does Best Buy do to win custo

36、mers back from online retailers?A)It encourages consumers to try out its instruments.B)It provides regular customers with shuttle services.C)It enables customers to shop via their cell phones.D)It sells music lessons together with its instruments.客观题总分值：10分得分：10分第1空分值：2分第2空分值：2分第3空分值：2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值

37、：2分正确答案：B； C； B； A； D学生答案：B； C； B； A； D老师点评：答案解析：D5. Passage Three. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Just as you can be slim and inactive, itJ s possible to be overweight and active. But which is better for your health?Two months ago, an awful lot of us decided it was time to get

38、off our ever-spreading backsides and do some exercise.This new year，s resolution wasnt just about vanity (虚荣)，oh no. The government tells us that obesity (月巴胖)has /severe impaction our health, and places /significant burden on the NHS (the National Health Service)，z, so slimming is practically our d

39、uty to our country.If the fat is already melting away, then lucky you.But what if the exercise doesn，t seem to be working?What if you can now run a kilometer in a minute and a half, yet your weight has hardly changed?Are you a lost cause?0r is it possible to be both fat and fit一not just fit enough t

40、o exercise, but fit enough to live as long as someone a lot lighter?Not according to a 2004 study from the Harvard School of Public Health, which looked atll5, 000 nurses aged between 30 and 55 pared with women who were both thin and active(i. e, who reported taking 150 minutes or more of exercise a

41、 week)researchers found that obese but active women had a mortality rate(mortality rate is the number of deaths during a particular period of time among a particular type or group of people)that was 91%higher. Though far better than the inactive obese (142%higher), they were still worse off than the

42、 inactive lean(5%higher).，zThis data does not support the theory that if you are physically active, you don t have to worry about your weight,，zwas the opinion of Frank Hu, who led the study.A similar picture emerged in 2008 after Harvard-affiliated researchers examined 39,000 women with an average

43、age of 54. Next to active women of normal weight, the active but overweight were 54%more likely to develop heart disease, while the active but obese were in 87%greater danger. z，Even high quantities of physical activity are unlikely to fully reverse the risk of heart disease in overweight and obese

44、women without concurrent (同时发生的)weight loss, z，the authors concluded.According to the government, losing weight.A)helps ease the burden on the medical care systemB)is the only way to express one，s love for the countryC)shows that people care more about their appearance0)will benefit the individual m

45、ore than the countryThose who are trying to lose weight through exercise might face the problem that.A)they have a much higher mortality rateB)they can，t run fast enough to lose weightC)exercise doesn，t work as they expectedD)they face the danger of sudden deathA 2004 study from the Harvard School o

46、f Public Health shows that.A)it is impossible to be both fat and fitB)doing exercises makes people healthyC)the thin tend to be physically activeD)taking more exercise means longer lifeHarvard-affiliated researchers found in 2008 that if fat people got much exercise,.A)they still had high risk of he

47、art diseaseB)they were less likely to develop heart diseaseC)they didn t have to worry about their weightD)they could lose a lot of weight at the same timeWhat can be concluded from the passage?A)Being slim and inactive is better than being overweight and active.B)Physical activity is especially imp

48、ortant to those who are overweight.C)Obese people can do nothing to reduce their high risk of heart disease.D)The government，s focus on obesity is not grounded in solid data.客观题总分值：10分得分：10分第1空分值：2分第2空分值：2分第3空分值：2分第4空分值：2分第5空分值：2分正确答案：A； C； A； A； A学生答案：A； C； A； A； A老师点评:答案解析:D6. Translation. Transla

49、te the following passage into Chinese.In the animal rights forum, much is made of the volume of pain these animals experience in the name of medical science. Activists deny that we are trying to help and say it is evidence of our evil and cruel nature. A more reasonable argument, however, can be adv

50、anced in our defense. Life is often cruel to animals and human beings. Teenagers are flung from trucks and suffer severe head injuries. Young children barely able to walk find themselves at the bottom of swimming pools while a parent is occupied with something else.From everyday germs to gang violen

51、ce, no life is free of pain. Physicians hoping to relieve the eternal suffering of these tragedies have only three choices:1)create an animal model of the problem to understand the process and test new therapies;2)experiment on human beings(some experiments will succeed, most will fail）;or 3）leave m

52、edical knowledge static, hoping that accidental discoveries will lead us forward.主观题总分值：10分得分：10分正确答案：动物权利论坛大肆宣扬我们如何以医学的名义使这些动物经受巨大的痛苦。动物权利活 动家们否认我们正在努力帮助人类，并说这是我们邪恶和残忍本性的证据。然而，一个更合 理的论点可用来为我们进行辩护。生活往往对动物和人类都是残酷的。青少年被甩到卡车外, 导致头部严重受伤。还不太会走路的孩子们溺水沉到游泳池底部时，他们的家长正忙于其他 事务。从常见的细菌侵害到帮派的暴力，没有谁能不受伤害。医生们希望能永远

53、减轻这些悲 剧带给人们身体上的痛苦，他们只有三个选择：1）用动物做实验，以了解整个医疗过程和 测试新的疗法；2）进行人体实验（一些实验会成功，大多数会失败）；3）让对医疗知识的 了解处于停滞状态，希望偶然的发现会带着我们向前。学生答案：动物权利论坛大肆宣扬我们如何以医学的名义使这些动物经受巨大的痛苦。动物权利活 动家们否认我们正在努力帮助人类，并说这是我们邪恶和残忍本性的证据。然而，一个更合 理的论点可用来为我们进行辩护。生活往往对动物和人类都是残酷的。青少年被甩到卡车外, 导致头部严重受伤。还不太会走路的孩子们溺水沉到游泳池底部时，他们的家长正忙于其他 事务。从常见的细菌侵害到帮派的暴力没有

54、谁能不受伤害。医生们希望能永远减轻这些悲剧 带给人们身体上的痛苦，他们只有三个选择：1）用动物做实验，以了解整个医疗过程和测试 新的疗法；2）进行人体实验（一些实验会成功，大多数会失败）让对医疗知识的了解处于停滞状 态，希望偶然的发现会带着我们向前。老师点评：D7. Writing.Write an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic of，zStopping animal testing”.主观题总分值：20分得分：10分正确答案：Sample for reference:Animal testing is largely used in

55、 medical experiments today. Unfortunately, m any animals are seriously harmed in the process.Even though animals have made a large contribution to modern medicine, animal testing should be stopped because it is immoral, unreliable, and unnecessary.First of all, animal testing is usually cruel and im

56、moral. On experiments, inn ocent animals are going through so much pain and horror.It is absolutely wrong because animals should be free to live as any other creatures and they shouldn， t be taken away from their homes and natural habitats. Many animal tests are per formed without any painkillers. C

57、onsequently, they lead to animals，constant pain.In addition to being cruel, animal tests aren，t reliable. People and animals are different, and thats why a medicine that appears safe for animals may not b e safe for people or vice versa. One of the examples is Aspirin, which is poisono us to rats an

58、d mice but not to people in some cases. While many say that animal testing allows medicines to be created that will aid human life,there are many examples showing they also cause horrible deaths in humans.It is true that some drugs can be used on both animals and humans,but this does not mean that t

59、hey have to be tested on animals in the first place when al ternative methods are available. They include, for example, stem cell research liv ing tissues can be grown in test tubes and new drugs can be tested on these puters can also be programmed to show how medicines will react in the human bod y.In conclusion, inhumane, non-effective animal testing should be stopped immed lately when tests could be done with alternative methods. Animals have th