八年级英语上册Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise知识点总结(新版)人教新目标版

1、Unit 2 How often do you exercise、词组go to the movies去看电影look after=take care of照顾surf the internet 上网 healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式go skate boarding去戈 U 板keep healthy=stay healthy保持健康eating habits饮食习惯take more exercise做更多的运动the same as 与什么相同once a month一月一次be different from 不同 twice a week一周两次make a diffe

2、rence to 对什么有影响 how often多久一次although=though 虽然 as for至于activity survey活动调查do homework做家庭作业do housework 做家务事eat less meat吃更少的肉junk food 垃圾食物 be good for对什么有益be bad for 对什么有害 want to do sth想做某事want sb to do sth想某人做某事try to do sth 尽量做某事come home from school放学回家of course=certainly=sure当然get good grades

3、取得好成绩some advice些建议most of the students=most students大多数学生shop=go shopping=do some shopping 购物 exercise=take (much) exercise=do sports 锻炼 help sb to do sth=help sb with sth帮助某人做某事a lot of vegetables=many vegetables许多蔬菜hardly=not nearly/almost not 几乎不 keep/be in good health保持健康、词汇精讲always 、 usually 、

4、 often 、 sometimes、 hardly ever 和 neveralways usually 、 often 、 sometimes hardly ever 和 never 是英语中最常见的频度副词。always的频度为100%表示动作重复、状态继续，中间没有间断，意思是“总是”、“永 远地”。The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳总是东升西落。usually 的频度为70吐右，意为“通常”、“平常”，即很少有例外。He usually goes to bed at ten o clock. 他通常10 点

5、钟睡觉。often 的频度为50吐右，意为“常常，但不如usually那么频繁，表示动作重复，中间有间断。He is often late for school.他上学经常迟到。sometimes的频度为20%左右，意为“有时”，表示动作偶尔发生。可以位于句首，以示 强调。多用于一般现在时。It is sometimes hot and sometimes cold.天气忽冷忽热。Sometimes he does it this way and sometimes he does it that way.他有时这样做，有时那样做。behardly ever的频度为5吐右，意为“几乎不”、“偶

6、尔”，表频率，位置是“行前后”。I hardly ever go out these days.这些天我几乎不出门。never的频度为0,意为“从来不、“永不”。My parents are never late for work.我父母上班从来不迟到。【拓展】(1)这些副词在句子中的位置基本相同，一般放在助动词、be动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。即：“行”前“助 (系)”后。Peter is always late for school. Peter上学总是迟至 U。I usually do my homework in the evening.我通常在晚上做作业。hardly 和 ha

7、rdhardly和hard形式上很接近，但意义截然不同 。hard作形容词时，意为“困难的；硬的；勤奋的；严厉的；苛刻的”。hard作副词时常用来表示程度，意为“努力地；猛烈地；剧烈地”。This ground is too hard to dig.这块地太硬，挖不动。They tried hard to succeed.他们努力工作，以求得成功。hardly是表频率的副词，意为“几乎不；几乎没有“，相当于 almost not 。There is hardly any coff ee left.= There s almost no coffee left.几乎没有剩余的咖啡了。someti

8、mes、sometime、some time 和 some times单词词义用法sometimes有时用于一般现在时和一般过去时中sometime某时(时间点)用L股将来时或一般过去时中some time一段时间可附十多种时态(指时间段)some times几次，几倍表示次数或倍数He was sometimes late for school.他有时上学迟到。他某个时候来过这里。He came here sometime.He will stay there for some time.She came home some times.他将在那里待一段时间。她回了几次家。exercise(

9、1)作不及物动词，意为“锻炼、运动”。你多久锻炼一次?- How often do you exercise?-I exercise every day.我每天都锻炼。(2)作不可数名词，意为“锻炼、运动”Exercise makes me keep healthy.John likes to take exercise in the open air.(3)作可数名词，意为“练习；操”。We do morning exercises every day.,常与动词 take连用。运动使我保持健康。约翰喜欢在户外锻炼。我们每天做早操。We do English exercises to hel

10、p us learn English well.我们做英语练习以便学好英语。mostmost表示“大部分，多半”的意思。大部分孩子喜欢玩电脑游戏。Most children like playing computer games.【拓展】 most与most of的区别:(1) most后可直接跟名词(可数或不可数),同时，也可接有形容词修饰的名词。大部分男孩都喜欢踢足球。我总是花大部分时间学习英语。Most boys like playing football.I always spend most time learning English.most后不能直接跟有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词

11、所修饰的名词，遇到这些情况用 most of代替mostoI spent most of my time learning to play the piano last year.去年我把大部分时间都花在学弹钢琴上了。I did most of that difficult work.那件困难的工作绝大部分都是由我做的。most of后跟人称代词时，应用复数形式的人称代词宾格。Most of them are going off to Guangzhou next week.他们中的多数人都准备下星期去广州。most前有定冠词时，可用来修饰多音节形容词，表示最高级，意为“最”。very 。Th

12、is is the most beautiful flower.这是最漂亮的花。但是，如果 most前有不定冠词a,则表示“非常；很”She is a most beautiful girl.她是个非常漂亮的姑娘。nono是形容词，意为“无，没有”，一般用作定语，后接可数名词或不可数名词。相当于not a/any。I have no friends.= I don t have a/any friend.我没有朋友。【拓展】1) no常用于省略句中，表示“不许，不可，不要”。No smoking!不要抽烟。No photos!禁止拍照！2) no 和 notno可单独使用，回答一般疑问句，而

13、not则不能单独使用。一Can I come?我能来吗？- No, you can t. 不，你不能。no作形容词，其后可接单数、复数或不可数名词，而 not是副词，常用来修饰谓语动词 或形容词和副词等，故 no相当于not a/an或not any 5、healthhealth为名词，意为“健康”，其形容词形式为healthy ,意为“健康的”。在名词t尾加y构成形容词，类似的词还有:rain rainy雨一卜雨的sun sunny太阳一晴朗的luck lucky幸运幸运的windwindy风一刮风的6、 shopshop可用作动词,意为“购物”，也可用go shopping“去购物 或 d

14、o some shopping 。【拓展】go swimming 去游泳go skating去滑冰go fishing去钓鱼go boating 去划船do some reading阅读do some washing 洗涮do some cooking做饭do some swimming 游泳do some speaking多说do some listening 多听once a week/ twice a weekonce 一次，twice 两次，在英语中三次或三次以上通常用基数词 +times ”表示， time 在这里为可数名词，意为“次数”，复数加 SoI wash my face t

15、wice a day.我每天洗两次脸。He has been there four times.他去过那里四次。how oftenhow often意为多久一次,常用于对时间频率的提问。回答可用once/twice/three timesa day（ 一天一/两/三次），sometimes（有时），never（从不），very often（ 经常）等。How often do you watch TV?你多久看一次电视？How often do your parents visit your grandparents?你的父母多久看一次你的祖父母？【拓展】词语词义用法答语特征how long多

16、久询问时间多久for/about+ # 时间how often多久一次询问动作的频率often、twice a week 等how soon多快，过多久询问时间多快in+ 一段时间how far多远询问距离多远ten minutes walkhow many多少询问引数名词数量数词+可数名词复数how much多少询问不口数名词数量数词+表示量的词+M3.数名词多少钱询问价格数词+钱9、look afterlook after 意为“照顾，照看”,相当于 take care ofMy father is ill, so I have to look after him at home.我父亲病

17、了，所以我得在家照顾他。她长大了，能够照顾自己了。检查寻找环顾She is old enough to look after herself.【拓展】look at=have a look at 看- look overlook up （在字典等）查找 look forlook forward to 期待，盼望 look aroundlook、 see、watch 和 read 辨析:look为不及物动词，后接宾语时须用介词at ,指看的动作。see既可做及物动词后接宾语，又可用做不及物动词，着重于看的后果，即“看到，看见”。read多指“看书、报”，这里的“看”实为“读”，可用做及物动词或不

18、及物动词。watch用做及物动词，用来指非常仔细地、有目的和特意的动作，表示“注视，观看，监视”之意。也常用于“看电视，看比赛”等短语中。三、句式精讲1、 want sb.to do sth.意为“想要某人做某事否定形式为：want sb. not to do sth.想让某人不要做某事want的用法还有：want sth.想要什么want to do sth.想要做某事She wants a cup of tea.她想要一杯茶。They want to go home.他们想要回家。He wants me to help him.他想要我帮他。【拓展】 want后接动词不定式时，相当于 wo

19、uld like 。want (sb.)to do sth.=would like (sb.)to do sth.2、be good for 意为“对有好处，对有益处”，介词 for后接名词或代词。其反义词 为be bad for ,意为“对有害处”。Junk food is not good for our health.垃圾食品对我们的健康没有好处。Smoking is bad for you.吸烟对你有害。【拓展】be go od to 对好”，其反义短语为be bad to 对不好。介词to之后一般接表示人的名词或代词。She is very good to us.她对我们很好。The

20、 boss is bad to his workers.那个老板对他的工人不好。be good at 在一方面擅长，介词 at后面常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，同义短语为 do well in 。She is good at English and Chinese. = She does well in English and Chinese.她擅长英语和汉语。be good with 和相处得好；擅于和相处”。Are you good with children?你和孩子们相处得好吗？3、try to do sth.try为动词，意为“试图；设法；努力”。指付出一定努力去做某事。try

21、(not)to do sth.努力(不)做某事、尽力(不)做某事L try doing sth.尝试做某事try out实验 try ontry one s best to do sth.I try to answer the question.He tried swimming across the river.She is trying on a new dress.试穿(鞋、衣服等)尽某人最大努力去干我尽力回答这个问题。他试着游过河去。她正在试穿一件新连衣裙。We should try our best to study English well.我们应尽我们最大努力学好英语。try作名

22、词，意为“尝试；试图”。Let me have a try.让我试一试。4、help sb. (to)do sth. 意为“帮助某人做某事”。同义词组为 help sb. with sth.He helps me (to)learn English尸 He helps me with my English.他帮助我学习英语。【拓展】help sb. with sth.在某事上帮助某人My maths teacher helps me with my maths.我的数学老师在数学上帮助我。help也可以作名词，作名词时常用于下列短语：with one s help= with the help

23、 of在的帮助下With Mary s help, I made rapid progress in English learning.=With the help of Mary, I made rapid progress in English learning.在Mary的帮助下，我在英语学习方面进步很快。5、 the same as/ be different fromthe same as 意为和一样/相同”I am in the same school as my younger sister.我和我的妹妹在同所学校。be different from 意为 “与不同”Saying a thing is very different from doing it.说一件事和做一件事很不相同。the sameas意为同一样”，是一常用搭配，same是形容词，做定语，其前总有the.Her hair is the same color as her mother s.她头发的颜色和她妈妈的一样。6、keep in good health 意为保持健康If you want to keep in good health, you should eat more fruit