Unit2致用英语综合教程3第二单元市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件

1、War and peaceUnit 2 Second Edition第1页Project 5Warm-up 1Reading A 2Language in Use3Unit 2Culture Tips6Enjoy English7Reading B 4第2页How do you understand the saying “treat violence with violence”? Do you think it is right for the USA to use nuclear weapons on Japan?What do you see in the video? Describ

2、e it with your own words.Warm-up At the end of World War , Japanese government ignored the ultimatum issued by the USA and its allied countries. In order to force Japan to surrender, the United States dropped two atomic bombs on the city of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, which killed as many as 260,000 peo

3、ple by the end of 1945. These are to date the only attacks with nuclear weapons in the history of warfare. Watch the video and answer the following questions.123BACK第3页Reading APre-reading TasksReading ComprehensionAfter-reading TasksBACK第4页Pre-reading Tasks BACKDo you know the wars in Iraq and Afgh

4、anistan? What were the consequences of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan?第5页Reading Comprehension1. Veterans of Iraq and Afghanistan find little ethical defence in the “just war”. Each of us struggles to make peace with our actions. In trying to understand the ongoing suicide epidemic among soldiers

5、and veterans, a third factor in addition to physical injuries and PTSD (Post-traumatic Stress Disorder) is now being discussed: the moral injuries they bring back. 2. During my officer training at Sandhurst in the UK, I was taught that fighting powerthe ability to operate in the warcould be broken d

6、own to three mutually dependent components: physical (the means to operate), conceptual (the ideas behind how to operate), and moral (the ability to get people to operate).TranslationThe lonely soldier and the moral scars of warBACKPara. 12第6页Reading Comprehension3. After leaving theatres of war, so

7、ldiers had been affected to different degrees in those three areas, each of which influences their ability to operate once home. The physical and conceptual components are both too apparent: the soldier who had his testicles blown off or who woke up screaming at night. Moral scars, though less notic

8、eable, have a way of cutting deep, also. And they are not negated as easily as many suppose.TranslationPara. 344. During the ensuing firefight with the Taliban, a soldier spotted a girlhe reckoned a four-year- oldon the roof of an Afghan compound, holding a mobile phone to her ear. He assessed she w

9、as a Taliban mortar fire controller, directing intense enemy fire onto his patrol position; they were pinned down as a result. He radioed a jet and directed it to drop a bomb onto the girl and the building.第7页Reading ComprehensionTranslationPara. 595. “I did what I had to do,” he told me.6. Not such

10、 an easy one for armchair moralists to call. Countless soldiers returned with such experiences on their consciences.7. “Im no longer the good person I once thought I was,” wrote Timothy Kudo, an ex-US Marine Corps captain, of life after an Afghanistan tour and ordering the deaths of others. He nails

11、 a dilemma most veterans face: the only people who can forgive us are dead.8. Soldiers seek justification for their actions in the aftermath, when reflection is afforded. An obvious source for justificationas well as inspiring many to join the militaryis the notion of acting on the “right side”, bei

12、ng part of a broader effort to do some good. But try sustaining that narrative after tours in Iraq and Afghanistan. I couldnt.9. “The killing of children can never be justified,” wrote Kurt Vonnegut, after he experienced the Dresden bombing.第8页Reading Comprehension10. Regardless of numbers killed be

13、fore, soldiers can feel morally bankrupt facing up to the tally they carry. Each death shames us, eroding our claim to a shared humanitywhich isnt a concept that evaporates by joining the military.11. Soldiers and veterans are keenly aware of the ethical damage of war which theyve instigated, each i

14、n their own way. Everyone reacts differently, but guilt and shame are hard to avoid. Sharing such feelings is immensely hard, as many fear being condemned and consequently feel exiled in society. 12. The more time goes by since leaving the army, the more doubts occur about whether I ever did the rig

15、ht thing. Ive realised Ill probably never achieve any answersperhaps for the bestand should get used to living with the unanswered.13. Sadly, thats much easier said than done. As the repercussions of Iraq and Afghanistan play out, many soldiers and veterans will continue making the loneliest of deci

16、sions.TranslationPara. 1013第9页Reading Comprehension Translation1. 伊拉克与阿富汗老兵，极难对“正义之战”做出道德辩护。我们中每一位，都挣扎着同自己所作所为寻求和解。自杀就像流行病普通，在战士与老兵中漫延。究其原因，除了肢体伤残与创伤后精神障碍之外，第三个原因正得到广泛探讨：他们带回来道德创伤。2. 在英国桑德赫斯特进行军官培训中，他们教我说，战斗力即战争中行动能力能够细分为三个相互依存组成要素：身体要素（行动工具）、概念要素（怎样行动背后理念），以及道德要素（驱使人们行动能力）。孤独的战士与战争的道德伤痕Para. 1、2BAC

17、K第10页Reading Comprehension TranslationPara. 3、4BACK3. 离开战场之后，战士们在这三个领域，都受到了不一样程度影响。一旦归家，每一处都影响到他们正常行动能力。身体与概念要素都是显而易见：睾丸被炸飞士兵，或者他们午夜惊醒后尖叫。道德伤痕虽察之似浅，然感之亦切。而且，它们并非如众人所猜测那样，轻易就能被否定。4. 在与塔利班旷日持久交火中，一个士兵发觉了一个女孩他预计四岁左右站在阿富汗院落屋顶上，拿着手机贴近耳边。他确定她就是塔利班迫击炮控制员，指挥敌方将密集炮火倾泻到他巡查地点，以致他们寸步难行。他用无线电呼叫战机，将一枚炸弹投向了那个女孩和那座

18、建筑物。第11页Reading Comprehension Translation5. “我做了我该做事情，”他告诉我。6. 不论那些怡然自得道德家怎样说，事情远非如此简单。无数战士返乡时，良心上背负着类似经历。7. “我不再是那个曾经自认为好人，”工藤提摩太写道。他是前美国海军陆战队上尉，阿富汗之行虽幸免于难，却令其它人命丧黄泉。他一针见血地揭示出大多数老兵面临困境：仅有那些能宽恕我们人，都死了。8. 战士们在承受反思苦痛之余，努力地为其所作所为后果寻求辩解。一个显而易见一样也是激发众人从军理由，就是为“正义方”而战概念，同时也是更大程度上“行善”组成部分。不过在伊拉克与阿富汗之行后，假如试

19、图维系那种叙述，我做不到。9. “任何理由都无法为杀害儿童开脱，”库尔特冯内古特在经历了德累斯顿轰炸之后写道。Para. 59BACK第12页Reading Comprehension Translation10. 不论之前终究杀了多少人，当战士们直面自己所背负账单时，他们能够感觉到道德上破产。每一个死亡都使我们蒙羞，腐蚀着我们所谓为共同人性而战宣言这并不是一个因从军就能烟消云散概念。11. 全部战士与老兵都以自己方式，强烈地感触着他们挑起战争所带来道德伤害。每个人反应虽不一样，不过负罪与耻辱感是实难防止。他们极难与他人分享这类感受，因为他们害怕受到训斥，从而在社会中遭遇孤立。12. 退伍时间

20、愈久，闪现疑问愈多：我所作所为是否是正义之举。我意识到可能永远也无法取得答案这可能是最好结果而且应该渐渐习惯于带着这些悬疑生活。13. 不幸是，这说起来轻易做起来难。伴随伊拉克与阿富汗行动恶果逐步显现，许多战士与老兵将继续做着最为孤独决定。Para. 1013BACK第13页Reading Comprehension Words & Expressions1. conscience n. to feel guilty about something 意识e.g. If anything happens to Emily, Ill always have it on my conscience.

21、 BACK第14页Reading Comprehension Words & Expressions2. dilemma n. a situation in which you have to make a difficult choice between two, or sometimes more than two, actions 困境e.g. 1. Many single parents struggle with the dilemma of dividing time between work and children. 2. Were in a dilemma about whe

22、ther to move or not. BACK第15页Reading Comprehension Words & Expressions3. epidemic n. a large number of cases of a disease that happen at the same time 流行病e.g. Over 500 people died during last years flu epidemic.BACK第16页Reading Comprehension Words & Expressions4. ethical adj. relating to principles o

23、f what is right and wrong 合乎道德 e.g. Emmanuel Hospital is devoted to quality care and high ethical standards. .BACK第17页Reading Comprehension Words & Expressions5. radio v. to send a message using a radio 用无线电发送（信息）e.g. I urgently radioed the information back to headquarters. BACK第18页Reading Comprehen

24、sion Words & Expressions6. theatre n. a large area where a war is being fought 战场e.g. the Pacific theatre during the Second World War BACK第19页Reading Comprehension Words & Expressions7. traumatic adj. a traumatic experience is so shocking and upsetting that it affects you for a long time造成精神创伤 e.g.

25、My parents divorce was very traumatic for me. BACK第20页After-reading Tasks Discussion1. What does fighting power mean according to the text?2. What damages did the wars cause to the veterans?3. Do soldiers and veterans react the same towards killing in the war? What cant they avoid?BACK第21页Language i

26、n UseGrammar DevelopmentVocabulary Building BACK第22页Language in Use Grammar DevelopmentIn English, verbs such as die, stop, leave, come, buy are often used to describe an action that takes place in an instance of time. These verbs cannot be used together with time expressions such as for three years

27、 or since . For example, you cant say He died for three years. In some cases, these verbs can be replaced by other phrases to express the durable state of an action.For example：BACKdiebe deadleaveInstant verbs in perfect tensebe away第23页Language in Use Grammar Development 当瞬时性动词用于完成时态时，其后不能跟表示一段时间时间

28、状语；假如必须跟时间状语，能够采取以下方法：1. 用“be + 形容词”代替瞬时性动词，如 be dead 代替die e.g. His father has been dead for three years. be married 代替marry e.g. I have been married for seven years. be asleep 代替fall (get) asleep e.g. How long have I been asleep?2. 用“be + 副词”代替瞬时性动词，如 be here (there) 代替come，arrive，reach，get here (

29、there) e.g. The train has been here for ten minutes. It will leave soon. be back to 代替return to，go back to e.g. Have you been back to the place where your ancestors lived, worked, studied and played?Instant verbs in perfect tense第24页Language in Use Grammar Development1. Can you give more examples? b

30、e onput onbe in/be a memberjoinhave a coldcatch a coldbe illfall illbe missinglosebe in towngo to townkeepborrowbe upget uphavebuyExercise第25页Language in Use Grammar DevelopmentJohn left his hometown ten years ago. John has been away from his hometown for ten years.It has been ten years since John l

31、eft his hometown.2. Translate the following sentences. Model: 他哥哥两年前当兵去了。 His brother joined the army two years ago. His brother has been in the army for two years. It has been two years since his brother joined the army.ExerciseMr. Smith died three years ago.Mr. Smith has been dead for three years.

32、 It has been three years since Mr. Smith died. 1. 史密斯先生三年前死了。2.约翰十年前离开了故乡。第26页Language in Use Grammar DevelopmentThe film started ten minutes ago.The film has been on for ten minutes.It has been ten minutes since the film started.BACK2. Translate the following sentences. ExerciseThey borrowed five b

33、ooks from the library a week ago.They have kept five books borrowed from the library for a week.It has been a week since they borrowed five books from the library.3.他们一周前从图书馆借了五本书。4.电影已经开始十分钟了。第27页Language in UseVocabulary Building HomographsA homograph（同形异义词）is a word that has the same spelling as

34、another word, but has a different meaning. Usually, homographs also differ from each other in pronunciation.BACKExample: live v. to be alive for a period of timee.g. The crane, a sacred bird in Japan, lives for a thousand years, and if a sick person folds a thousand paper cranes, he or she will get

35、well.adj. (of broadcasting) seen and / or heard as it happens e.g. The band will be giving a live concert performance next week.Exercise第28页1. Were sitting in the front row. row /r / n. a line of things or people next to each other Weve had another row about the fare. row /ra / n. a short angry argu

36、ment2. The music ended and the girl made a bow. The arrow was still held in the bow.3. Can you spare me half a minute? The kitchen is minute, with barely room for two people to turn around.4. It is impossible to tear open this box. Give me a knife. A drop of tear ran silently down her cheek as she w

37、aved goodbye.Language in UseVocabulary BuildingFind out the homographs in each pair of the following sentences, and give them brief explanations. If they differ in pronunciation, read them out correctly. The first one is done as an example.Exerciseba n. bending of the head or body as a way of thanki

38、ng audiences.2. bu n. an instrument used as a weapon to shoot arrows1. mnt n. a unit to measure time which equals to 60 seonds/manjut/adj. extremely small/t/v.to pull forcefully apart/t/n. a drop of salty liquid from the eye when you are crying第29页5. Shall I wind up todays discussion by asking you t

39、he last question? There is not much wind today.wand v.(+up) to bring an activity,meeting etc to an endwnd n. moving air,especially when it moves strongly or quickly in a current6. Could you record the next story for me? Im out that night. Hes broken the Olympic record for the 110-meter high hurdles.

40、rkd; v.to preserve on a disc or magnetic tape for later reprodutionrekd n. the highest or lowest ever reached7. He always looks so content with his life. The content of your paper was excellent, but there were a lot of grammar mistakes.kntent adj. happy and satisfiedkntent n. the ideas, facts,or opi

41、nions that are contained in a speech, piece of writing etc.Language in UseVocabulary BuildingExerciseBACK第30页8. Close that window! The wind is too strong. Youre not close to getting the answer.kls v. to shut something in order to cover an openingkluzadj. seeming very likely to happen or very likely

42、to do something soon9. I soon get used to working the late night shift. I dont trust used car dealers. Id never buy a car from themjust adj. (+to sth/doing sth)having learned to accept sthjuzdadj. second-hand 10. Whats that little black object? I strongly object to being treated like a child.bdkt n.

43、a solid thing that can be seen or touchedbdektv.to oppose第31页Reading BPre-reading TasksReading ComprehensionAfter-reading TasksBACK第32页Pre-reading tasksBACKHave you read the book named Annes Diary? What is it about? Share what you know about it with your classmates.第33页Reading ComprehensionWEDNESDAY

44、, 8 JULY 1942 Dearest Kitty,1. It seems like years since Sunday morning. So much has happened its as if the whole world had suddenly turned upside down. But as you can see, Kitty, Im still alive, and thats the main thing, Father says.2. Im alive all right, but dont ask where or how. You probably don

45、t understand a word Im saying today, so Ill begin by telling you what happened Sunday afternoon.3. At three oclock (Hello had left but was supposed to come back later), the doorbell rang. I didnt hear it, since I was out on the balcony, lazily reading in the sun. A little while later Margot appeared

46、 in the kitchen doorway looking very agitated. “Father has received a call-up notice from the SS,” she whispered. “Mother has gone to see Mr. van Daan.” (Mr. van Daan is Fathers business partner and a good friend.)TranslationAnne Frank: the diary of a young girl (excerpt)BACKPara. 13第34页Reading Comp

47、rehension4. I was stunned. A call-up: everyone knows what that means. Visions of concentration camps and lonely cells raced through my head. How could we let Father go to such a fate? “Of course hes not going,” declared Margot as we waited for Mother in the living-room. “Mothers gone to Mr. van Daan

48、 to ask whether we can move to our hiding place tomorrow. The van Daans are going with us. There will be seven of us altogether.” Silence. We couldnt speak. The thought of Father off visiting someone in the Jewish Hospital and completely unaware of what was happening, the long wait for Mother, the h

49、eat, the suspenseall this reduced us to silence.5. Suddenly the doorbell rang again. “Thats Hello,” I said.6. “Dont open the door!” exclaimed Margot to stop me. But it wasnt necessary, since we heard Mother and Mr. van Daan downstairs talking to Hello, and then the two of them came inside and shut t

50、he door behind them. Every time the bell rang, either Margot or I had to tiptoe downstairs to see if it was Father, and we didnt let anyone else in.TranslationPara. 46BACK第35页Reading Comprehension7. Margot and I were sent from the room, as Mr. van Daan wanted to talk to Mother alone.8. When she and

51、I were sitting in our bedroom, Margot told me that the call-up was not for Father, but for her. At this second shock, I began to cry. Margot is sixteen apparently they want to send girls her age away on their own. But thank goodness she wont be going; Mother had said so herself, which must be what F

52、ather had meant when he talked to me about our going into hiding. Hiding where would we hide? In the city? In the country? In a house? In a shack? When, where, how? These were questions I wasnt allowed to ask, but they still kept running through my mind.9. Margot and I started packing our most impor

53、tant belongings into a satchel. The first thing I stuck in was this diary, and then curlers, handkerchiefs, schoolbooks, a comb and some old letters. Preoccupied by the thought of going into hiding, I stuck the craziest things in the satchel, but Im not sorry. Memories mean more to me than dresses.1

54、0. Father finally came home around five oclock. After that it was quiet in our flat; none of us felt like eating. It was still hot, and everything was very strange.TranslationPara. 710BACK第36页Reading Comprehension11. I was exhausted, and even though I knew itd be my last night in my own bed, I fell

55、asleep right away and didnt wake up until Mother called me at five-thirty the next morning. Fortunately, it wasnt as hot as Sunday; a warm rain fell throughout the day. The four of us were wrapped in so many layers of clothes it looked as if we were going off to spend the night in a refrigerator, an

56、d all that just so we could take more clothes with us. No Jew in our situation would dare leave the house with a suitcase full of clothes. I was wearing two vests, three pairs of pants, a dress, and over that a skirt, a jacket, a raincoat, two pairs of stockings, heavy shoes, a cap, a scarf and lots

57、 more. I was suffocating even before we left the house, but no one bothered to ask me how I felt.12. Margot stuffed her satchel with schoolbooks, went to get her bicycle and, with Miep leading the way, rode off into the great unknown. At any rate, thats how I thought of it, since I still didnt know

58、where our hiding place was.More tomorrow.Yours, AnneTranslationPara. 11、12BACK第37页Reading Comprehension Translation1942年7月8日 星期三亲爱吉蒂：1. 从星期天早晨到现在，好像过了好几年。发生了那么多事情，整个世界好像突然天翻地覆似！可是，吉蒂，你瞧，我还活着，父亲说这是最主要。2. 不错，我确实还活着，可千万别问我在哪里和怎么活着。我想你今天完全听不懂我在说什么，所以我就直截了当地把星期天发生事情告诉你吧。3. 下午三点（赫洛刚走，我们想他过后会再来），门铃响了。我正懒洋洋

59、地躺在阳台长椅上看书，所以没有听见。过了一会儿，玛戈特站在厨房门口看起来很焦虑样子。“父亲接到党卫队传唤了，”她悄悄地说，“妈妈已到范丹先生家去了。”（范丹先生是我们家好朋友，也是父亲企业合作人。）Para. 13BACK第38页Reading Comprehension Translation4. 我大吃一惊。传唤！人人都知道这意味着什么。集中营和冷清清牢房出现在我脑海中，我们怎么能让父亲去那里呢？“他当然不会去，”当我们坐在起居室里等妈妈时候，玛戈特必定地说，“妈妈去找范丹先生商议，我们是否明天就躲到我们藏身处去。范丹家和我们一起走，共有七个人。” 屋子里静悄悄。我们再也谈不下去。我们心里

60、惦念着父亲，他到犹太人医院去探望病人去了，必定没想到会有祸事，等着妈妈回来，天气这么热，心里焦虑这一切都令我们说不出话来。5. 门铃突然又响起来。“是赫洛。”我说。玛戈特拦住我。6. “别开门！”但这是多此一举。我们听见妈妈和范丹先生在楼下同赫洛说话。接着他们进了屋，随手把门关上。门铃每响一次，我或玛戈特就得轻手轻脚地下楼去看是不是父亲回来了。他人都不让进来。Para. 46BACK第39页Reading Comprehension Translation7. 玛戈特和我被支出客厅，范丹想同妈妈单独谈话。8. 玛戈特和我坐在自己房间里，玛戈特告诉我，那个传唤不是给父亲，而是给她。我又吃了一惊，