高中英语 Unit 1 Great Scientists学时1高频单词课件 新人教必修5

1、2021/8/11 星期三12021/8/11 星期三22021/8/11 星期三31_vt.打败；战胜；使受挫n失败2_vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加3_vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光4_n治愈；痊愈vt.治愈；治疗5_vt.吸收；吸引；使专心6_vt.责备；谴责n过失；责备7_n柄；把手vt.处理；操纵2021/8/11 星期三48_vi. & n连续；联系9_vt. & vi. 结束；推断出_n. 结论；结束10_n. 挑战vt. 向挑战_n. 挑战者11_vt.怀疑n. 被怀疑者；嫌疑犯_n. 怀疑_adj. 有疑心的12_vt. 预见；预知_v. 预言_v. 预报13_vt. 污染；弄脏_n

2、. 污染2021/8/11 星期三514_vt. 宣布；通告_n. 通知；宣告15_vt. 命令；指示；教导_n. 教授；传授_n. 指示；说明16_vt. 建设；修建_n. 建设；建筑物17_vt. & vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助_n. 贡献18_vt. 拒绝；不接受；抛弃_n. 拒绝；抛弃2021/8/11 星期三6答案1.defeat2.attend3.expose4.cure5.absorb6.blame7.handle8.link9.conclude；conclusion10.challenge；challenger11.suspect；suspicion；suspicious12.f

3、oresee；foretell；forecast13.pollute；pollution14.announce；announcement15.instruct；instruction；instructions16.construct；construction17.contribute；contribution18.reject；rejection2021/8/11 星期三72021/8/11 星期三82021/8/11 星期三9【典例填充】1From the evidence I must_ _ you are wrong.从证据看，我敢断定你错了。答案conclude that2_ _，I

4、wish everyone a complete success！最后，祝大家取得圆满成功！答案To conclude3I _ _ _ _that he was lying.我看他是在说谎。答案came to the conclusion2021/8/11 星期三10【即学即练】We have come to the conclusion_the company has been making great progress these months.AwhichBthatCas DWhat答案B2021/8/11 星期三11考点2absorb vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心；消减；理解；合并【课文

5、如是】The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.(课本P2)absorb ones attention吸引某人注意be absorbed in 专心于，全神贯注于be absorbed by/into 被吞并；被吸收2021/8/11 星期三12【典例填充】1I was so _ _the book that I didnt hear you come in.我出神地看这本书，连你进来也没听见。答案absorbed in2The surrounding vi

6、llages have been _ _the growing city.周围的村庄并入了日益扩展的城市。答案absorbed by2021/8/11 星期三13考点3attend vt. & vi. 出席；参加；照料；护理【课文如是】John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.(课本P2)attend a meeting/a lecture/school 参加会议/报告/上学attend on/upon s

7、b. 伺候某人；照顾某人attend to 处理；注意；专心于；照料2021/8/11 星期三14【比较网站】attend，join，join in，take part inattend 指参加会议、婚礼、典礼、上学、上课、听报告等较为正式的场合。join 指加入某一组织并成为其中一员。join in 指参加活动，常用作join (sb.) in活动。take part in 指参加某项活动并在其中起一定作用。 2021/8/11 星期三15【典例填充】1His father suggested that he _a technical school.他父亲建议他去上技校。答案attend2M

8、ary has attended _her sick mother for years.玛丽多年来一直照顾她有病的母亲。答案on3He has a lot of things to_ _.他有很多事要处理。答案attend to2021/8/11 星期三16【即学即练】With two children_college in the nearby city，the parents have to work very hard to earn enough money to pay for their education.Aattended BattendingCjoined Djoining解

9、析attend college “上大学”；此句中含有with 复合结构，children 与attend 为主动关系，故用现在分词attending。而join 表示加入当中成为其中的一员，不符合题意。答案B2021/8/11 星期三17考点4defeat vt. 打败；战胜n. 失败【课文如是】John Snow defeats “King Cholera”(课本P2)【比较网站】win，beat，defeatwin 的意思是“赢”、“获胜”、“得到成功”，作及物动词时，它的宾语往往是奖品、奖学金、名誉、财产、战争或运动等。win 后不能接人(对手)，如不说win sb.。win the

10、race/the battle/the war/a prize/the game/a medal/success/friendship/reward赢得了赛跑/战斗/战争/奖品/比赛/奖牌/成功/友谊/奖赏2021/8/11 星期三18beat 也有“赢”、“取胜”、“战胜”之意，但跟win 的用法不同，这个动词后面跟的是比赛、竞争中的对手或战争中的敌人。且beat 还有连续敲打，(心脏)跳动之意。过去式为beat，过去分词为beaten。He was so nervous that he could feel his heart beating faster.他如此紧张，以至于能感到自己的心

11、跳加快了。defeat 本来用于描述战争中打败敌人，现在可与beat 换用，以表示击败对手。He was badly defeated/beaten in the election.他在选举中惨败。2021/8/11 星期三19【典例填充】用win，beat，defeat 填空1Listen! The rain is_against the window.答案beating2Our team_the game 8 to 7.答案won3You_me in the race，but Ill_you at tennis.答案beat；defeated2021/8/11 星期三20【即学即练】Zha

12、ng Yining_Wang Nan and won the gold medal in the 29th Olympic Games.Awon BdefeatCbeat Dhit解析“击败对手”可用beat或defeat，但由got 可知，空白处应用过去时，若选B，则应为defeated。答案C2021/8/11 星期三21考点5expose v. 暴露；揭露；使曝光【课文如是】But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(课本P2)【概而括之】常与介词to 连

13、用，表示“使暴露于(日光、风雨等)；受到风险；使面临”的意思。expose.to使暴露于，把暴露于expose sth./sb./oneself(to sth.)显露或暴露某人/某事物/自己be exposed to经受，暴露于expose sb. to danger 使某人面临危险2021/8/11 星期三22【典例填充】1Keep indoors and dont _ _ _ _ _ _.留在屋里，不要让皮肤在太阳下暴晒。答案expose your skin to the sun2He devoted himself to rescuing the injured，though he_ _

14、 _many dangers.他全心投入到营救伤员的工作中，尽管他置身于各种各样的危险之中。答案was exposed to2021/8/11 星期三23【即学即练】_to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin.AExposed BHaving exposedCBeing exposed DAfter being exposed解析being exposed to sunlight for too much time 为v.ing 短语作主语。be exposed to “暴露于”。答案C2021/8/11 星期三24考点6b

15、lame vt. 责备，谴责，把归咎于n. 过失，责备【课文如是】It seemed that the water was to blame.(课本P2)【概而括之】blame 作动词时，常用于blame sb. for sth. 结构；be to blame 中的不定式to blame 为主动形式，但是表示被动意义，意思为“应当承担责任”。blame sb. for sth./doing sth. 因某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人2021/8/11 星期三25sb. be to_blame (for) (doing) sth. 某人应(为)

16、承担责任，该(为)受责accept/bear/take the blame for sth. 对某事负责任put/play/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 将某事归咎于某人【典例填充】1_如果不怪你，该怪谁呢？答案If you are not to blame，then who is?2021/8/11 星期三262_我们愿对所发生的事负责。答案We were ready to take the blame for what had happened.3_如果结果糟糕，她将会怪罪于我们。答案Shell put the blame on us if it turns

17、out bad.2021/8/11 星期三27【即学即练】His driver，_for the accident，had not been driving carefully.Ablamed Bbeing blamedCto be blamed Dblaming解析考查过去分词。blamed for the accident 是过去分词短语作后置定语，blame 与所修饰词driver 是动宾关系，因此用过去分词。答案A2021/8/11 星期三28考点7cure vt. 治疗n. 治愈【课文如是】Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.(

18、课本P2)a cure for sth.治疗的方法cure sb. of疾病名称 治愈某人的疾病cure sb. of不良行为 矫正某人的不良行为2021/8/11 星期三29【比较网站】cure，treat，heal，recovercure 治疗，治愈。多用于药物治疗，并治愈某种疾病或改正不良习惯。常用于cure sb. of sth. 结构中。treat 指治疗病人的全过程或活动，并不涉及“治愈”这个结果。常用于treat sb. for sth. 结构中。heal 指治好外伤或烧伤后的患部(wound，cut，injury，burn etc.)，使伤口愈合；heal 不能用来表示“感冒”

19、等疾病的治愈。recover 常与介词from 连用，表示从病中痊愈了，恢复了健康。2021/8/11 星期三30【典例填充】用cure，treat，heal 和recover 填空1The cut soon_over，but it left a scar.答案healed2He has_from a bad cold.答案recovered3She was_for her cancer.答案treated4I hope the doctor can_me of the pain in my shoulder.答案cure2021/8/11 星期三31【即学即练】She tried every

20、 means to_her child_the bad habit.Acure；from Bcure；ofCtreat；of Dtreat；from答案B2021/8/11 星期三32考点8contribute vt. 贡献出，捐助vi. 投稿【课文如是】to contribute(课本P4)contribute.to. 把贡献给contribute to 为作出贡献；把时间投入；有助于，导致contribution n. 捐献物，贡献物；捐款；稿件make a contribution to 对作出贡献contribution to 对的贡献contributor n. 撰稿者；捐助者；起作

21、用的人或因素2021/8/11 星期三33【典例填充】1He offered to _ _the Red Cross.他主动向红十字会捐款。答案contribute to2Various factors _ _his downfall.各种因素导致了他的倒台。答案contributed to3He _ _ _ _ _ _ the overall success of the project.他对项目的全面成功做出了非常积极的贡献。答案made a very positive contribution to2021/8/11 星期三34【即学即练】To be honest，my careless

22、ness_a lot to my failure.Acontributed BdonatedCprovided Doffered解析句意：说实话，我的失败主要是因为我的粗心大意。contribute to 导致。donate 捐献；provide 提供；offer (主动)提供。答案A2021/8/11 星期三351We can not_whether a child is clever or stupid from his or her points in an examination.Aconduct BnoticeCunderstand Dconclude解析句意：从一个孩子的考试分数上

23、我们不能推断这个孩子是聪明还是愚笨。conclude 推断出；conduct 带领，管理，表现；notice 注意到；understand 理解。根据句意，D项为正确选项。答案D2021/8/11 星期三362_in her new novel，the young writer kept thinking and writing for a dozen hours in her study.AHaving deeply absorbedBDeeply absorbingCDeeply having been absorbedDDeeply absorbed解析be absorbed in “全神贯注于”，absorbed.为形容词短语作状语，说明主语the