江苏省沭阳县潼阳中学高三英语一轮复习 名词性从句课件

1、 Noun Clauses二、分类：1、宾语从句： Noun clauses as the object 2、表语从句： Noun clauses as the predicative 3、主语从句： Noun clauses as the subject 4、同位语从句： Noun Clauses as the appositive一、定义：在主句中起名词性作用、充当宾语、表语、主语或同位语的从句。2021/8/8 星期日1 宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。引导宾语从句的词有:连词：that if whether；连接代词：who whose what w

2、hich；连接副词：when where how why等。宾语从句2021/8/8 星期日2The Object Clausee.g. I think (that) women can reach very high achievements in many fields of science.2) I wonder whether/if she remembered how many babies she had delivered.2021/8/8 星期日33) Do you know who/whom Jack was speaking to?4) He asked whose car

3、 it was.5) Pay attention to what the doctor said.6) Please tell me when the earthquake took place.7) Will you tell me how I can keep fit and healthy?2021/8/8 星期日4The Object Clause做动词的宾语 (1)大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后： e.g. He doesnt know where the post office is. (2)有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语： e.g. He told me what I should r

4、ead2021/8/8 星期日5(3)如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，要使用形式宾语 it 而将从句放到补足语后面； e.g. I thought it strange that he failed to call me 我觉得奇怪：他没给我打电话。The Object Clause2021/8/8 星期日6(4)在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则不用否定形式,而将主句谓语动词think等变为否定形式; e.g. I dont think you are right 我想你是不对的。2021/8/8 星期日7(5)

5、在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等动词以及 Im afraid 等后，可用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，还可用not代替一个否定的宾语从句：e.g. Do you believe it will clear up? 你认为天气会转晴吗? I believe so. 我认为会这样。 I dont believe so.(或I believe not.) 我认为不会这样。The Object Clause2021/8/8 星期日8 (1)一般情况下，宾语从句直接跟在谓语后; e.g. Did she say anything about how we

6、 should do the work? (2) that引导的宾语从句只有在except, in, but, besides等少数介词后偶尔可能用到; 做介词的宾语The Object Clause2021/8/8 星期日9e.g. Your article is all right except that it is too long (3)有时在介词和其宾语从句的中间加形式宾语 it; e.g. Ill see to it that everything is ready 2021/8/8 星期日10that 引导的表语从句 that 仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省

7、略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。e.g. The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking.在从句中作表语的从句称作表语从句。表语从句2021/8/8 星期日112. whether 引导的表语从句 连接词whether起连接作用， 意为“是否、究竟、到底”（注意：if不能引导表语从句) 在句中也不作任何成分。e.g. The question is whether what man will turn up in time.2021/8/8 星期日123. what, which, who, whom

8、, whose引导的表语从句 连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中从当主语、表语、定语，且各有各的词义。The Predicative Clause2021/8/8 星期日13e.g. Tom is no longer what he used to be. The question is which of us should come first. The problem is who is really fit for the hard job. The important thing is whose name shoul

9、d be put on the top of the list.2021/8/8 星期日144. where, when, why, how引导的表语从句 连接副词where, when, why, how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。The Predicative Clause2021/8/8 星期日15e.g. Thats where I cant agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting. This is how they overcome the difficult

10、ies. My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.2021/8/8 星期日165. 其他连词as if, because, as, as though 引导的表语从句 because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because”结构中。 as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。The Predicative Clause2021/8/8 星期日17e.g. It sounds

11、as if/though somebody was knocking at the door. My anger is because you havent written to me for a long time.2021/8/8 星期日181. Go and get your coat.Its_you left it. A.there B.where C.there were D.where there BExercises2021/8/8 星期日192.The problem is_ he has enough time. if B. whether C./ D. that B2021

12、/8/8 星期日203.He made a promise_ he would help me. A.what B.when C.that D.which C2021/8/8 星期日214.I remember_ this used to be a quiet village. A.how B.when C.where D.what B2021/8/8 星期日225.It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whereverB2021

13、/8/8 星期日23高考链接1.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats_ . (2003北京春季)A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited A解析： 这是由what 引导的一个表语从句，在从句中充当主语，这句话的意思为：那是使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为A。2021/8/8 星期日242.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air s

14、how last week. -Is that_ you had a few days off? (NMET1999)A.why B.when C.what D.where 解析:这是一个由why引导的表语从句,表示原因.这句话的意思是这就是你离开的原因吗?。故答案为A。A2021/8/8 星期日253.Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well. ( 2002上海春季) A. what B. that C. which D. why 解析:what在表语从句中作takes的宾语,构成It

15、 takes sth. to do sth.的句型。答案为A。A2021/8/8 星期日264.When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly_ he wants . (2002上海春季) A.what B.which C.when D.that 解析:这是一个宾语从句,wants后面缺少宾语,Always give the monkey exactly what he wants是一句谚语,意思是永远给予他人他确实想要的东

16、西。故答案为A。A2021/8/8 星期日27在复合句中做主语用的名词性从句称主语从句。引导主语从句的有连词that ，whether， 连接代词who ，what ，which， 连接副词when，where， how， why等。 主语从句：主语从句2021/8/8 星期日281.连接词：1）从属连词：that， whether等.that 引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。 That she left him cut him to the heart.2021/8/8 星期日292)连接代词who ，what ，which, whateve

17、r, whichever, whoever What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others.由whether及其他连词引导的主语从句放在句首，句后都可。 Whether it will please them is not easy to say.2021/8/8 星期日303)连接副词when，where， how， why等。Why he did it remains a mystery.2.位置： 主语从句可以前置，也可以后置。后置时用it做形式主语，把主语从句放在句末，常用下面几种句型。1）It + be + 表语 +主

18、语从句表语：（名词， 形容词，过去分词）2021/8/8 星期日312）It+不及物动词+主语从句It seemed (happened, doesnt matter, has turned out) that It is still uncertain whether he is coming or not.It happens that they were absent.It is a fact (a shame, a pity, good news) that2021/8/8 星期日323) It +及物动词的被动语态+主语从句It has been decided that the e

19、xhibition will not open on Sundays.注意:1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词that在非正规语体中可以省略。2021/8/8 星期日33误：They should like each other is natural.正：That they should like each other is natural.正：It is natural （that ）they should like each other.2)如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it 做形式主语，

20、而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导.误：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.正：It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.2021/8/8 星期日341.I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesnt matter _that Im talking to.A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom 高考链接【试析】这个句子是一个由and连接的并列句。And后是一个

21、含有主语从句的结构，其主句部分是it doesnt matter, 主语从句则是who it is that Im talking to.而在主语从句中，又有一个定语从句，修饰who. Who既是一个引导词，也在it is中作表语.如果再细一点，说who是 (talking) to的介词宾语也可以。 2021/8/8 星期日352. It is pretty well understood _ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. A. that B. when C. what D. how 【

22、试析】主语从句中缺少做主语的成分，故选C.2021/8/8 星期日363. _ made the school proud was_ more than 90 of the students had been admitted to key universities. （2003上海春季）A. What; because B. What ; thatC. That ; what D. That ; because 【试析】what 在此作连接代词，引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。that引导主语从句时，只起引导作用，不作任何成分。2021/8/8 星期日37同位语从句Noun Clauses

23、as the appositive. 1.定义：在复合句中置于某一名词后，具体说明名词的内容的从句称为同位语从句。 e.g. He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon. 他告诉我一个消息,他马上要从国外回国。 e.g. I insisted upon an answer to my question whether he was coming or not. 我坚持要求他回答我的问题：他来还是不来。2021/8/8 星期日38Noun Clauses as the appositive. 2.连接词：从属连词：th

24、at, whether that引导的同位语从句中，that不充当成分,只起连接作用。 e.g. He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon. 他告诉我一个消息,他马上要从国外回国。 whether引导的同位语从句，只用whether引导,不用if。 e.g. I insisted upon an answer to my question whether he was coming or not. 我坚持要求他回答我的问题：他来还是不来。2021/8/8 星期日39e.g. The question who sho

25、uld go abroad hasnt been decided yet. I have no idea which one I should choose. Next comes the question what you want to put in the box. what/which/who在引导的同位语从句从句中充当成分。 连接代词：what, who, which我不知道该选哪个。（定语）谁会出国这个问题还未决定。（主语） 其次就是这个问题：你要在盒子里放些什么。（宾语） 2021/8/8 星期日40黑洞是怎样形成的，你的这个问题很难回答。 连接副词：how, why，when,

26、 wheree.g. It is difficult to answer your question about how black holes came into being. 3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别： 定语从句对先行词起修饰、限制的作用；同位语从句具体说明它前面的名词的内容。 e.g. The news that you have heard is not true. (定语从句) 你听到的消息不真实。 The news that our team has won is true. (同位语从句) 我们队获胜的消息是真的。 2021/8/8 星期日41that 在定语从句中担任句

27、子成分，是关系代词；在同位语从句中不担任句子成分，是从属连词。 e.g. The fact that we talked about is very important. (定语从句) 我们所谈论的事实是非常重要的。 The fact that we succeeded pleased everybody. (同位语从句) 我们成功了，这一事实让大家很高兴。 2021/8/8 星期日42The news that there are no lives on the moon is known to us all. 同位语从句 The news that you heard is not tru

28、e. 定语从句 Have you any idea who he went with? 同位语从句 Is there any hope that they will be home in time? The problem that you referred to doesnt exist at all. 同位语从句 定语从句 2021/8/8 星期日434.高考链接： 1. Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.(NMET2001上海) A. while B. that C. when D. as 2. She heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth.(MET91)A. it B. which C. this D. that 2021/8/8 星期日44 The fact _ she works hard is well k