化工管道设计

1、管子Pipe管子（按照配管标准规格制造的）pipe管子（不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管）tube钢管steelpipe铸铁管castironpipe衬里管linedpipe复合管cladpipe碳钢管carbonsteelpipe合金钢管alloysteelpipe不锈钢stainlesssteelpipe无缝钢管seamless（SMLS）steelpipe焊接钢管weldedsteelpipe镀锌钢管galvanizedsteelpipe热轧无缝钢管hot-rollingseamlesspipe玻璃管glasstube橡胶管rubbertube管件Fitting弯头elbow长半径弯头lo

2、ngradiuselbow短半径弯头shortradiuselbow45弯头45elbow90弯头90elbow三通tee异径三通reducingtee等径三通equaltee45斜三通45lateral丫型三通（俗称裤衩）true“Y”四通cross等径四通straightcross异径四通reducingcross五、异径管reducer同心异径管concentricreducer偏心异径管eccentricreducer管台螺纹支管台threadolet焊接支管台weldolet承插支管台sockolet斜接支管台latrolet管接头coupling,fullcoupling半管接头h

3、alfcoupling异径管接头reducingcoupling活接头union内外螺纹缩接(俗称补芯)bushing管帽cap(C)堵头plug短节nipple异径短节reducingnipple;swagenipple六、法兰Flange(FLG)螺纹法兰threadedflange滑套法兰(包括平焊法兰)slip-onflange(SO);slip-onweldingflange承插焊法兰socketweldingflange松套法兰lapjointflange(LJF)对焊法兰weldingneckflange(WNF)法兰盖blindflange,blind孔板法兰orificefl

4、ange异径法兰reducingflange法兰密封面，法兰面flangefacing突面raisedface(RF)凸面maleface(MF)凹面femaleface(FMF)榫面tongueface槽面grooveface环连接面ringjointface全平面；满平面flatface;fullface(FF)光滑突面smoothraisedface(SRF)粗糙度roughness光滑的smooth七垫片Gasket(GSKT)垫片的型式typeofgasket平垫片flatgasket环形平垫片flatringgasket平金属垫片flatmetalgasket金属石墨缠绕垫片met

5、algraphitespiralwoundgaskets石墨垫片Graphitesheetgasket无石墨压缩白石棉垫片nongraphitedcompressedwhiteasbestosgasket天然白橡胶垫片naturalwhiterubbergasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFEimpregnatedasbestosgasket内环innerring外环，外定位环outerring八、阀门Valve(1)闸阀gatevalve截止阀globevalve节流闪阀throttlevalve针阀needlevalve角阀anglevalve丫型阀(Y型阀体截止阀)Y-valve(Y-

6、bodyglobevalve)球阀ballvalve三通球阀3-wayballvalve蝶阀butterflyvalve对夹式(薄片型)wafertype柱塞阀pistontypevalve旋塞阀plugvalve隔膜阀diaphragmvalve(11)夹紧式胶管阀pinchvalve(用于泥浆、粉尘等)(12)止回阀checkvalve其它用途的阀安全泄气阀safetyvalve(SV)蒸汽疏水阀steamtrap放气阀(自动放气阀)airventvalve(automaticairventvalve()疏水阀用)平板式滑动闸阀slabtypeslidinggatevalve管道特殊件Pi

7、pingSpecialty1.7.1管道特殊件(组件)粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时粗滤器(锥型)temporarystrainer(conetype)y型粗滤器y-typestrainerT型粗滤器T-typestrainer永久过滤器permanentfilter丝网粗滤器gauzestrainer洗眼器及淋浴器eyewasherandshower视镜sightglass阻火器flamearrester喷嘴；喷头spraynozzle取样冷却器samplecooler消声器silencer膨胀节expansionjoint波纹膨胀节bellowexpansionjoint单波

8、singlebellow双波doublebellow多波multiplebellow压力平衡式膨胀节pressurebalancedexpansion带铰链膨胀节hingedexpansionjoint轴向位移型膨胀节axialmovementtypeexpansionjoint自均衡膨胀节(外加强环)self-equalizingexpansionjoint带接杆膨胀节tiedexpansionjoint万向型膨胀节universaltypeexpansionjoint球形补偿器balltypeexpansionjoint填函式补偿器sliptype(packedtype)expansion

9、joint单向滑动填料函补偿器singleactionpackedslipjoint九管道特殊元件PipingSpecialElement软管接头hoseconnection(HC)快速接头quickcoupling金属软管metalhose橡胶管rubberhose挠性管flexibletube鞍形补强板reinforcingsaddles补强板reinforcementpad特殊法兰specialflange漏斗funnel排液环dripring排液漏斗drainfunnel插板blank垫环spacer8字盲板spectacleblind;figure8blind限流孔板restrict

10、ionorifice爆破片rupturedisk十端部连接EndConnection法兰端flangedend坡口端beveledend(BE)对焊端buttweldedend平端plainend(PE)承插焊端socketweldingend螺纹端threadedend(TE)承口bellend焊接端weldingend法兰连接(接头)flangedjoint对焊连接(接头)buttweldedjoint螺纹连接，管螺纹连接threadedjoint,pipethreadedjoint锥管螺纹密封焊连接seal-weldedtaperpipethreadedjoint承插焊连接(接头)soc

11、ketweldedjoint承插连接(接头)bellandspigotjoint环垫接头ringjoint(RJ)法兰式的flanged(FLGD)对焊的buttwelded(BW)螺纹的threaded(THD)承插焊的socketwelded(SW)小端为平的smallendplain(SEP)大端为平的largeendplain(LEP)两端平bothendsplain(BEP)小端带螺纹smallendthread(SET)大端带螺纹largeendthread(LET)两端带螺纹bothendthread(BET)一端带螺纹oneendthread(OET)支管连接branchcon

12、nection焊接支管branchpipeweldeddirectlytotherunpipe管道用紧固件及螺纹紧固件螺栓bolt六角头螺栓hexagonalheadbolt方头螺栓squareheadbolt螺柱，双头螺栓studbolt环头螺检eyebolt沉头螺栓countersunk(head)screw地脚螺栓anchorbolt;foundationbolt松紧螺旋扣(花篮螺丝)turnbuckleU形螺栓U-boltT形螺栓T-bolt圆头螺钉roundheadbolt机螺栓，机螺钉maehinebolt螺母nut六角螺母hexagonalnut方螺母squarenut垫圈was

13、her平垫圈plainwasher球面垫圈sphericalwasher弹簧垫圈springwasher方垫圈squarewasher斜垫圈slantwasher螺纹美国标准锥管螺纹Americanstandardtaperpipethread（NPT）NPTF丝）NPTM外丝）材料、型钢及填料金属材料3.1.1黑色金属FerrousMetal碳素钢carbonsteel（CS）低碳钢low-carbonsteel中碳钢medium-carbonsteel高碳钢high-carbonsteel普通碳素钢generalcarbonsteel优质碳素钢high-qualitycarbonsteel

14、普通低合金结构钢generalstructurelow-alloysteel合金结构钢structuralalloysteel合金钢alloysteel低合金钢lowalloysteel中合金钢mediumalloysteel高合金钢highalloysteel耐热钢heatresistingsteel高强度钢highstrengthsteel复合钢cladsteel工具钢toolsteel弹簧钢springsteel钼钢molybdenumsteel镍钢nickelsteel铬钢chromiumsteel铬钼钢chrome-molybdenumsteel铬镍钢chromium-nickels

15、teel,chrome-nickelsteel不锈钢stainlesssteel.）奥氏体不锈钢Austeniticstainlesssteel马氏体不锈钢Martensiticstainlesssteel司特来合金（钨铬钴台金）Stellite耐蚀耐热镍基合金Hastelloy铬镍铁合金inconel耐热铬镍铁合金incoloy20合金20alloy平炉钢（马丁钢）Martinsteel镇静钢killedsteel半镇静钢semi-killedsteel沸腾钢rimmedsteel;rimmingsteel;open-steel锻钢forgedsteel铸钢caststeel铸铁castir

16、on.)灰铸铁greycastiron可锻铸铁malleableiron(MI)iron球墨铸铁nodularcastiron;nodulargraphiteiron生铁pigiron熟铁，锻铁wroughtiron铸件casting高硅铸铁highsiliconcastiron有色金属Non-ferrousMetal铝aluminum铜，紫铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze铝青铜aluminumbronze磷青铜phosphorbronze铝镁合金aluminummagnesium锰青铜manganesebronze蒙乃尔(注：镍及铜合金)Monel镍铜台金nickelcopper

17、alloy非铁合金nonferrousalloy钛titanium铅lead硬铅hardlead型材型钢shapedsteel,sectionsteel,swage角钢anglesteel槽钢channel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢wideflangedbeamT型钢T-bar方钢squarebar扁钢flatbar角钢hexagonalsteelbar圆钢roundsteel;rod钢带strapsteel钢板plate4管道等级及材料统计管道材料规定PipingMaterialSpecification管道等级pipingclass;pipingclassification管道等级

18、号classdesignation公称直径nominaldiameter(DN);nominal(pipe)size公称压力nominalpressure(PN)压力级，等级，类别class(CL)低压lowpressure.)中压mediumpressure.)高压highpressure.)大气压atmosphere(ATM)真空vacuum工作压力operatingpressure;workingpressure设计压力designpressure工作温度operatingtemperature设计温度designtemperature环境温度ambienttemperature腐蚀裕量

19、corrosionallowance管道附件pipingattachment管道元件pipingelement壁厚wallthickness(WT)壁厚系列号schedulenumber(SCH.No.)加厚的，加强的extraheavy,extrastrong双倍加厚的，双倍加强的doubleextraheavy,doubleextrastrong材料统计MaterialTake-off(MTO)汇总表summarysheet材料表billofmaterial(BM)综合管道材料表consolidatedpipingmaterialsummarysheet(CPMSS)统计材料准确度accu

20、racyoftake-off材料情况报告materialstatusreport(MSR)散装材料bulkmaterial编位号的itemized代码codenumber短代码shortcode数量quantity(QTY)重力weight净重netweight毛重grossweight图面标注绝对标高abseluteelevation海平面标高over-seameanlevel(OSL)标高，立面elevation(EL)混凝土顶面topofconcrete架顶面topofsupport(TOS)钢结构顶面topofsteel梁项面topofbeam(TOB)支撑点pointofsuppon

21、(POS)管顶topofpipe(TOP)管底bouomofpipe(BOP)沟底boaomoftrench管子内底invert(insidebottomofpipe)底平flatonbottom(FOB)顶平flatontop(FOT)工作点workingpoint.)面至面facetoface(F-F)中心至端面centertoend(C-E)中心至面centertoface(C-F)中心至中心，中至中centertocenter(C-C)坐标coordinate坐标原点originofcoordinate出口中心线centerlineofdischarge入口中心线centerlineo

22、fsuction中心线centerline(CL)相关专业的专业词汇5.8.1工艺图及表流程图flowdiagram工艺流程图processflowdiagram(PFD)管道及仪表流程图pipingandinstrumentflowdiagram(PID)公用工程流程图utilityflowdiagram(UFD)管线表linelist;lineschedule命名表；管道表nomenclature设备表equipmentlist(schedule)流体fluid空气air仪表空气instrumentair工艺空气processair低压蒸汽lowpressuresteam中压蒸汽mediu

23、mpressuresteam高压蒸汽highpressuresteam伴热蒸汽tracingsteam饱和蒸汽saturatedsteam过热蒸汽superheatedsteam氧气oxygen氢气hydrogen氮气nitrogen燃料气fuelgas天然气naturalgas火炬气flaregas酸性气sourgas液化石油气liquefiredpetroleumgas(LPG)氨气ammoniagas冷却水cooling循环水circulatingwater锅炉给水boilerfeedwater热水hotwater蒸汽冷凝水steamcondensate盐水brine工艺水process

24、water化学污水chemicalsewage防腐剂corrosioninhibitor重油heavyoil石脑油naphtha燃料油fueloil润滑油lubricatingoil密封油sealingoil冷冻剂refrigerant载热体heatingmedium溶剂solvent溶液solution母液motherliquor单体monomer聚合物polymer均聚物homopolymer共聚物copolymer工艺液体processliquid工艺气体processgas硫酸sulphuricacid盐酸chlorhydricacid硝酸nitricacid烧碱causticsoda

25、隔热、隔声玻璃棉glasswoo1岩棉rockwool聚氨酯；聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane泡沫玻璃foamglass;cellularglass防腐、涂漆及腐蚀种类防腐漆anti-corrosivepaint;rush-proofpaint涂漆painting涂层；覆盖层coating底漆primarycoat;bottomcoat面漆finishingcoat颜色colour(color)淡(浅)色的；轻的light深色的dark红色的red蓝色的blue黄色的yellow绿色的green紫色的purple棕色的；褐色的brown橙色的orangecolour灰色的grey(gray

26、)表面处理surfacepreparation焊接Welding焊接种类VarietiesofWelding电弧焊arcwelding电熔焊electricfusionwelding(EFW)气熔焊fusiongaswelding(FGW)电阻焊electricresistancewelding(ERW)有保护的金属电弧焊shieldedmetalarcwelding(SMAW)手工或自动隋性气体保护钨极电弧焊manualandautomaticinertgastungstenarcwelding(GTAW)自动埋弧焊automaticsubmergedarcwelding金属极隋性气体保护电

27、弧焊gasmetalarcweiding(GMAW)氩弧焊argon-arcwelding，气体保护电弧焊gas-shieldedarcwelding气焊gaswelding;flamewelding等离子焊plasmawelding硬钎焊brazewelding电渣焊electroslagwelding爆炸焊explosivewelding焊接形式TypeofWelding角焊filletwelding间断焊intermittentwelding点焊spotwelding对焊buttwelding搭焊lapwelding塞焊plugwelding珠焊beadwelding槽焊slotwelding堆焊buildupwelding垫板焊backingweld坡口grooveV形坡口Vgroove单面U形坡口singleUgrooveK形坡口doublebevelgrooveX形坡口doubleVgroove双面U形坡口doubleUgrooveU-V组合坡口combinationUandVgroove根部间隙rootgap焊接符号symbolofweld错边量alignmen