Oracle使用Report 报表工具建立图形化报表

1、Creating a Graph Using the Graph WizardPurposeIn this tutorial, you learn how to create and customize a graph using the Graph Wizard.Time to CompleteApproximately one hourTopicsThis tutorial covers the following OverviewScenario Prerequisites Defining the Data ModelCreating a Graph in the Paper Layo

2、ut Customizing a GraphSummaryRelated informationGenerating Report Output to a PDF FileSummaryRelated informationViewing ScreenshotsNote:Alternatively,youcanplacethecursorovereachindividualiconinthefollowingstepstoloadview only the screenshot associated with thatstep.OverviewYoucanaddavarietyofcharts

3、andgraphs,includingtruethree-dimensionalgraphs,toareportusingGraphWizard.Inthistutorial,youwillcreateareportthatcontainsjustagraph?apictorialrepresentationofdata.Youbeginbydefiningthedatamodelforthegraph,andthencreatingthegraphinthePaperLayoutviewofthe ReportEditorusingtheGraphWizard.Youwilllearnhow

4、tocustomizethelookandfeelofthegraphand finally, generate PDF output for yourreport.ScenarioThegraphthatyoucreateinthistutorialdisplaystheaveragepriceandquantityforordersthatarereadyshipment.ThegraphisbasedontheOrderEntrydatamodel.PrerequisitesBefore starting this tutorial, you should:Haveaccesstoorh

5、aveinstalledOracleReportsDeveloper.Haveaccesstoorinstalledthesampleschema.ThistutorialusestheOEschemaincludedintheOracle10g database.Download reportsOBE.zip and unzip into your workingdirectory.Defining the Data ModelBeforeyoucancreateagraph,youneedtoidentifythedatathatthegraphwilldisplay.Beginbycre

6、atingnew report.If it is not already open, start Oracle Reports by clicking the Reports Builder icon on your desktop. The screen displays. Select the option Build a new report manually. Click OK.If Reports Builder is already open, create a new report by selecting File New Report from the menu.Select

7、 the option Build a new report manually. Click OK.In both cases, the Data Model view of the Report Editor displays.TheDataModelviewisaworkareainwhichyoucreate,define,andmodifydatamodelobjectstobeusedinyour report.Datamodelobjectsincludequeries,groups,columns,parameters,andlinks.ReportsBuilderusesthe

8、model to determine what data to retrieve for the report.For this lesson, you will define a SQL query. Locate the SQL Query iconinthetoolpalette.Selectthetoolclicking it, and then click the Data Model canvas. This action invokes the SQL Query Statement dialog box.Click Connect to connect to the datab

9、ase.In the Connect dialog box, enter OE for the User Name, OE for the Password, and the name of your database for the Database field.Click Connect.Note:IfyouwerepreviouslyworkinginthisReportsBuildersessionusingadifferentschema,youwillhaveconnecttotheOEschemainordertocompletethistutorial.Youcannowtyp

10、einaSQLstatement,defineaqueryvisuallyusingQueryBuilder,orimportanexistingfile.Forconvenience, a SQL query is provided for you. Click ImportQuery.Inthefileimportdialogbox,clickSimple_Graph.sqllocatedintheyourworkingdirectory.ClickThecontentsofthequeryarepastedintotheQuerydialogbox.Thisqueryusesgroupf

11、unctionstoretrievetheaveragepriceandquantityofitemsinanumberofcustomerorders. Click OK.Note that Reports Builder symbolically represents the query in the Data Model view.Creating a Graph in the Paper Layout ViewNow you will switch to the Paper Layout view of the Report Editor to create the graph. Th

12、e Paper Layout view is a work area in which you can modify the format of your paper report. The default format for your report is defined by the information you specify in the Report Wizard. You can modify the format by working with layout objects, such as frames, repeating frames, fields, boilerpla

13、te, anchors, and graph objects. In view, objects and their property settings are represented symbolically to highlight their types and relationships.You will add a graph object to the paper layout and use the Graph Wizard to define your graph.Locate and click the Paper Layout icon on the toolbar acr

14、oss the top of the Report Editorwindow.The Paper Layout view of the Report Editor displays.Notice that the view is empty, as you did not use the Report Wizard to create this report.Next, you will add a graph to the paper layout.Select Insert Graph from the Menu. The Welcome page of the Graph Wizard

15、displays.Click Next.Choose the type of graph you want to create. The Graph Wizard offers several primary graph types with which to represent data, such as bar, line, and pie graphs. In addition, the wizard provides special usage graphs that are associated with particular data types or ways to displa

16、y unique cases of data. These types include scatter, and stock graphs.For this tutorial, use the default graph type, a Bar graph, to represent your data.Click Next.Choose the placement of the graph in your report. Select at the beginning of the report and click Next .Now select the category column(s

17、) for the X-axis of your graph. The X-axis is the horizontal axis and can groups as well as items.For this tutorial, select ORDER_ID as the X-axis. Use the arrow button to move ORDER_ID to the X-Axis Categories list.Click Next.Onthenextpanelofthewizard,youspecifyoptionsforthedataaxisofyourgraph.TheY

18、-axisistheverticalaxiscontains data columns. The data columns must contain numeric data.Select both the AVG_UNIT_PRICE and AVG_QUANTITY columns and move them to the Y-Axis Categories list by using the arrow button .Click Next.You are now viewing the Layout panel of the Graph Wizard. Here, you can re

19、arrange the data in your graph to control the way the data will be displayed. Ensure that ORDER_ID is in the Groups field. The Groups field specifies the data items for the groups of the graph. On a bar graph, a group is a cluster of bars.Click Next.On the Title panel of the wizard, you can specify

20、text and font attributes for the title, subtitle, and footnote of graph.Enter the text string Orders in the Title field for this graph.Include a footnote for your graph by entering the text string Source: Order Company, Inc. in the Footnote field.Click Next to advance to the Legend panel of the Grap

21、h Wizard.You use the Legend panel to select display options for the legend of your graph. The legend area is a place on graph that provides a key to the information that is shown in the graph.For this tutorial, keep the default settings and click Next .You can now select options for the X-axis of yo

22、ur graph.Specify a title of Order ID for the X-axis.Select the radio button Show labels for all tick marks on the X-axis.Click Next.Similarly, you can specify options for the Y-axis of your graph.Specify a title of Average Price and Quantity for the Y-axis and click Next.YoucanusethePlotAreapaneloft

23、heGraphWizardtospecifyhowtheplotareaofyourgraphshouldbedisplayed. Options include grid lines, line color and style for grid lines, data tables, and data tips. Data tips are tooltips that display when the mouse is moved over a bar, pie slice, and so forth.For this tutorial, keep the default options a

24、nd click Next.The final panel of the Graph Wizard allows you to specify a hyperlink value to enable you to link areas of the with specific destinations. Leave the hyperlink value field blank for this tutorial and click Finish to complete the definition of your graph.Your graph is represented by a gr

25、aph object in the Paper Layout view of the Report Editor. Using the rulers in Paper Layout, resize the graph object to an approximate width of 6 inches, and a height of 4 inches. To do this, select one of the object handles and drag it horizontally, or vertically, until the object is sized appropria

26、tely.View the paper layout of your report by clicking the Run PaperLayouticonon the toolbar, or by selectingProgram Run Paper Layout from the menu. Your output displays in the Paper Design view of the Report Editor.Save your report as OrdersGraph_ Save from the menu. The first yousaveyourreportdefin

27、ition,theSavedialogboxdisplays,givingyoutheopportunitytoenterameaningfulname for your report.Click Save.Customizing a GraphThe wizards in Reports Builder are reentrant. Once you have defined a graph, you can reenter the Graph Wizard to modify the graph settings and customize the graph to your requir

28、ements. In this section of the tutorial, you will customize the look and feel of the graph in your Orders Report.With your graph displayed in the Paper Design view, right-mouse-click on the graph and select Graph Wizard the menu.Notice that each panel in the Graph Wizard is displayed on a tab. This

29、enables you to navigate directly to the you want to modify by simply selecting the corresponding tab, rather than having to click ?Next to move through each panel in turn.Modify the graph type. Select the Type tab. Note that the Bar type has several subtypes. Select the Dual-Y Barsubtype. In addition, select the 3D effect check box.Next, select the Legend tab. Choose a Border color for the legend in your graph.Select the Plot Area tab. Eliminate the vertical grid lines in your graph by clearing the Show Vertical Grid linescheck box.Choose a color for the horizontal grid lines.Optional