2022年自考英语《英语国家概况》习题库及答案

1、2022年自考英语英语国家概况习题库及答案习题1I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For eachunfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements oranswers the question.The first known settlers of Britai

2、n were the CeltsIberiansBeaker FolkRomansThe Celts religion was .BuddhismIslamDruidismChristianityRoman control was only effective in .ScotlandWalesLondonThe southeast of Britainmade him Archbishop of Canterburydrove him into exileincreased the Jurisdiction of the church courtsThomas Becket spent ye

3、ars on the continent and returned to England in 1170.fourfivesixsevenThe Great Charter (or Magna Carta) was signed by King John at Runnymede in.1162116412101215Simon de Montfort summoned in the Great Council to meet at Westminster, together with two knights from each county and two citizens from eac

4、h town.124212581265D. 1266Which of the following statements is NOT true?In the 13th century a Black Rod went between the two Houses ofParliament for liaison and to discipline the members.In the 13th century Parliament only met by royal invitation.In the 13th century Parliaments role was to offer adv

5、ice, not to make decisions.In the 13th century the most important part of Parliament was the House of Lords.During the reign of , Wales was brought under English rule.Henry IIIEdward IEdward 11Edward HIbecame the first prince to hold the title of Prince of Wales, whichcontinues to be borne by the el

6、dest son of the reigning monarch.Richard IHenry HIEdward IIEdward IIIThe chief demand of the peasants during the Peasant Uprising of 1381was.the abolition of villeinagethe punishment of the King1s ministersthe increase of wagesthe reform of the churchWat Tyler was killed by William Walworth, .Archbi

7、shop of YorkMayor of LondonArchbishop of Canterburythe TreasurerThe Peasant Uprising of 1381 did not direct againstthe rich clergythe lawyersthe landownersthe town traders习题3I. Read the following unfinished statements or questionscarefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested an

8、swers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements or answers the question.The name of Wars of the Roses was, in fact, coined by the great 19th century novelist .Charles DickensGeorge ElliotSir Walter ScottCharlotte BronteAlthough the Wars of the Roses were f

9、ought intermittently for years, ordinary people were little affected and went about their business as usual.20304050No less than nobles of royal blood were killed inthe Wars of the Roses.8090C. 100D. 110Which of the following statements is NOT true?Henry VII refilled the royal treasury through loans

10、, subsidies, property levies and fines.Henry VII forbade the nobles to keep excessive power.Henry VII built up England1s navy and foreign trade.Henry VII completely neglected parliament as though it never existed.Henry VIII declared himself Supreme Head of the Church of England in .1529153415351547Q

11、ueen Mary burnt at stake some men and women who refused to changeback to the Catholic faith.300350400450Mary died childless and her half-sister Elizabeth cameto the throne asElizabeth I in .1547155815881603Which of the following statements is NOT true?Elizabeth I broke Marys ties with Rome.Elizabeth

12、 I restored her father1s independent Church of England.Elizabeth Is religious reform was a compromise of views.Elizabeth If s religious settlement was acceptable to both extremeProtestants and ardent Catholics.The Renaissance began in northern Italy in the early century, and wastypified by the unive

13、rsal genius of Leonardo Da Vinci.11th12th13thD. 14thThe English Renaissance is said to have begun in.1422147814851495James VI of Scotland succeeded Elizabeth I and became James I of England in .1601160316151625Which of the following statements is NOT true?The Puritans believed that the Reformation h

14、ad gone too far.The Puritans became very powerful in Parliament.The Puritans were very happy when they heard that James had become king of England.The Puritans called for a purer form of worship.The Puritans suspected James I of England being a secret because of his pro-Spanish foreign policy and hi

15、sson1s Spanish marriage alliance.A. BuddhistCatholicProtestantMuslimIn a small group of Puritans sailed from Plymouthin the Mayflower, and found New Plymouth in America, Britain1 s first settlement in the New World.1614161516201621The Great Civil War, as it became known, lasted from until 1646.16391

16、64016411642When the First Civil War broke out men were at Charles I1s command.1,0002,0003,000D. 4,000Which of the following statements is NOT true?Oliver Cromwell became Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England in 1653 by the Petition of Right.Oliver Cromwell crushed without mercy a rebellion i

17、n Ireland.Oliver Cromwell suppressed the Levellers, a group within his own army who advocated total religious and social equality.Oliver Cromwell replaced the Rump with an assembly largely chosen by himself.In 1660 the monarchy was restored and Charles Ir s son was brought back from , where he had f

18、led for safety.FlandersFranceHollandGermanyAfter the Restoration, Parliament passed a series of severe laws calledagainst the Puritans, now known as Conformists.Agreement of PeopleThe Petition of RightThe Clarendon CodeThe Act of SupremacyWhich of the following statements is NOT true?The Bill of Rig

19、hts excluded any Roman Catholics from the succession.The Bill of Rights confirmed the principle of parliamentary supremacy.The Bill of Rights guaranteed free speech within both the House of Lords and the House of Commons.The Bill of Rights requested that no taxes should be raised without consent of

20、Parliament.习题4I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C andD are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements or answers the question.1. Traditional farming involved the open fi

21、eld village, a system that dated back to the century.4th5th6thD. 7thChristianity was first brought to England by the.RomansCeltsAnglo-SaxonsDanesThe Romans remained in control of Britain for nearly 400 years and theypulled out in .306 AD410 AD446 AD1066 ADWhich of the following tribes came to Britai

22、n first?The Angles.The Saxons.The Gaels.The Jutes.became the first real king of England, though he did not assume that style.OffaEgbertC. VortigernWhich of the following statements is NOT true?The open field system provided a good opportunity to experiment.The open field system wasted land.The open

23、field system was wasteful of labor and time.The open field system made livestock farming difficult.Which of the following statements is NOT considered a characteristic of farming in the late 18th and early 19th centuries?Use of artificial fertilizer.Introduction of new agricultural machinery.The Ope

24、n-field system.A system of crop rotation.Land enclosure was a disaster for the evicted fromtheir land by the enclosures.landlordstenantsfarmerswage laborersIn Ireland and Scottish Highlands land enclosure led to mass emigration, particularly to .A. AfricaEastern EuropeAsiaThe New WorldBy the early 1

25、9th century, Britain had a road network of some miles.115,000120,000125,000130,000In England no females were allowed to vote in national elections before .1918192019281945In 1836 a group of and small shopkeepers formed theLondon Working Mens Association.householderstenantsskilled workersoffice worke

26、rsThe six points of the People1s Charter were achievedgradually over theperiod of , although the sixth has never been practical.1836-18481842-18481848-19081858-1918Parliament passed the Combination Acts of 1799-1800 to forbid theformation of a new governmentsocietiescommunesunionsThe Labor Party had

27、 its origins in the, which was formed in January,1893.Independent Labor PartyGrand National Consolidated Trade UnionAmalgamated Society of EngineersTrade Union CongressThanks to the militant feminist movement of the ledby Mrs. Pankhurst before the First World War, votes weregranted to women over 30

28、in 1918.LudditesSuffragettesChartistsLevellersThe spark of the First World War was struck at Sarajevo on June 28, , when the Austrian Crown Prince Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by a Serbian nationalist.1913191419151916As a result of the First World War settlement the was established in 1920.Leagu

29、e of NationsBritish CommonwealthBritish East India CompanyUnited NationsAfter World War I political unrest in Britain led to general elections in just over 5 years.2345The Blitz radically changed the face of London for thefirst time since nearly 3 centuries earlier.the Black Deaththe Great Firethe C

30、ivil Warthe Great PlagueThe foundations of was laid in the late 1940s, providing free medical care for everyone and financial help for the old, the sick and the unemployed.the welfare statethe National Health Servicethe compulsory educationthe Women1s Liberation MovementIn the 1960s Pop music underw

31、ent a revolution when the Beatles becameworld famous and turned their hometown of into a placeof pilgrimage.ManchesterBlackpoolC. LiverpoolD. SheffieldThe 1970s saw the growth of in Wales and Scotland.liberalismMarxismchauvinismnationalismMargaret Thatcher believed in the following exceptself-relian

32、cethe strengthening of trade unionsprivatizationthe use of monetary policies to control inflation 习题5I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best comp

33、letes the statements or answers the question.1. All criminal trials are held in open court because the criminal law presumes the of the accused until he hasbeen proved guilty beyond reasonable doubt.A. guiltimpartialityinnocencehonestyThe jury consists of ordinary, independent citizens summoned by t

34、he court： 12 in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and in Scotland.12131415People between the ages of and 70 (65 in Scotland)whose names appear on the electoral register, with certain exceptions, are liable for jury service and their names are chosen at random.18192021Youth Courts try most cases i

35、nvolving people underA. 17181920The Crown Court sits at centers and is presided over by High CourtJudges, full-time Circuit Judges and part-time Recorders.91929394The main courts of civil jurisdiction in England and Wales are the CountyCourts of which there are .270271272273In Northern Ireland civil

36、 cases up to the value of are dealt within county courts.A. 14,00015,000C. 16,000D. 17,000There are police forces in England and Wales, 8 in Scotland and one(the Royal Ulster Constabulary) 9n Northern Ireland.A. 40 B. 41C. 42 D. 43Police officers are not allowed to join or to go on strike.a cluba tr

37、ade uniona political partythe armyThere are about 130 prison establishments in England and Wales and somein Scotland, many of which were built in the century.16th17th18th19th习题6The National Health Service was established in theUnited Kingdom in .1946194719481949Prescription charges do not apply to t

38、he following people except .self-employed peoplechild under 16war and armed forces disablement pensionerswomen aged 60 and over and men aged 65 and overNHS has suffered from under-funding in recent decades, as a result of which many people have been turning toprivate medical health care.working clas

39、selderlyeducatedbetter-offBritain ahs about million adults with one or moredisabilities, of whom around 7 percent live in communal establishments.A. 4D. Hengist became the first Archbishop of Canterbury.ColumbaEthelbertSt. AugustineEgbertThe Vikings began to attack various parts of England from the

40、end of the century.7th8th9th10thWho were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?The Anglo-Saxons.The Normans.The Vikings.The RomansWhich of the following statements is NOT true?Alfred the Great started the English navy.Alfred the Great reorganized the Saxon any, making itmore effic

41、ient.567Most pregnant working women receive their statutory maternity pay directlyfrom their employer for a maximum of weeks.17181920The Church of England is not free to change its form of worship, as laiddown in without the consent of Parliament.the Bill of Rightsthe Provisions of Oxfordthe Constit

42、utions of Clarendonthe Book of Common PrayerThe position of the Church of Scotland was defined in the Treaty of Union, 1707, and further safeguarded by the Church of Scotland Act, 1921B. 192219231924The Salvation Army is served by 1,800 officers (ordained ministers) and runs more than worship center

43、s.5001,0001,5002,000At Christmas, the home is decorated with the following except colorful paper chainsleaves of holly and mistletoea young fir-treefirecrackersEaster is traditionally associated with the following except the resurrection of Christthe eating of Easter eggsthe custom of giving present

44、sthe coming of spring参考答案习题1l.B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. A16. B 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B习题2l.B 2. A 3.C 生 D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. CC 13. D 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. D习题3.C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. D 10. C 11. B 12

45、. A 13.B 14. C 15. D 16. A 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. D习题4l.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.C 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. D 11. A 12. B 13. B14. A 15. C 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. B习题51. C 2, D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. D习题61. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. C习题71. The Commonwealth Wealth of Natio

46、ns is a free associationof independent countries and other political unitsthat have lived under British law and governmentthat have a large number of British immigrantsthat have close felations with Britainthat have fought on the side of Britain in the two worldwars.The Celtsfreligion was.A. Buddhis

47、m B. Islam C. Druidism D. Christianity. The Danelaw refers to the of England.A. south and west B. south and east C. north and east D. north and west. Christianity was brought to Britain.directly by the Roman priestsdirectly by traders and soldiersdirectly by the Popeindirectly by trader and soldiers

48、.became the overlord of all the English.A. Offa B. Edgbert C. Vortigen D. Hengist.became the first Archbishop of Canterbury.A. Columba B. Egbert C. St. Augustine D. OffaMost of the lana belonging to the Saxons was confiscated by William and given toA. the Danes B. the Irish C. the Scots D. the Norma

49、n BaronsThe Norwegian Vikings and the Danes captured York, an important center of Christianity inA. 835 B. 867 D. 876 D. 878Magna Cater was proposed by the barons led by against King John in 1215.A. Simon de Montfort B. Langton C. Wat Tyler D. Jack StrawThe first Prince of Wales was, who was bestowe

50、d the title in 1300.A. Edward I B. Charles I C. Edward II D. James II.and his followers translated the entire Bible into English.A. Martin Luther B. John Calvin C. John Ball D. john Wycliffe. The Doomsday Book was completed in.A. 1083 B. 1084 C. 1085 D. 1086.the first king of the Plantagenet Dynasty

51、 and ruled English for 35 years.A. Henru I B. King Stephen C. Henry II D. Count of Anjou.established the King as the most important leader of the Church of England and thus displaced the sovereign of the Pope.The Provisions of oxfordThe Act of successionThe Act of SupremacyThe Act of Supremacy. The

52、English Renaissance was usually thought of asbeginning with thC accession of to the throneA.The Houseof LancasterA.The Houseof LancasterThe House of PlantagenetThE Housr of TudorThe House of Stuart. King John was forced to put his seal to Magna Carter.on July 9, 1215June 19. 1215June 14, 1381July 15

53、, 1318.The spirit of Magna Carter was.A limitation of the powers of the kingthe foundation of English libertiesa limitation of the powers of the baronsan expansion of the powers of tie kingKiny Henry III was defeated by the barons led by Simon de Montfort at the battle of Lewes inMay, 1263May, 1264J

54、une 1265May, 126519.declsred a war on France that was to last a hundred years.A. Henry III B. Edward III C. Henry D. Henry VIIThe name Wars of the Roses was, in fact coined by the great 19th century novelistA. Sir Walter Raleigh B. Jakob Burckhardt C. Sir Walter Scott D. Guy FawksWhen Edward the Con

55、fessor died, was chosen by the Witan as king of England.the King of NorwayHarold Godwinson, Earl of WessexEdger, Edward1s nephewTostig, the deposed earl of NorthumbriaWilliam, Duke of Normandy, fought King Harold of England at the Battle of Hastings inA. 1065 B. 1066 C. 1067 D. 1068William won the B

56、attle of Hastings. Later, on hewas crowned king of England byEaster Day； Archbishop of CanterburySt. Andrew1s Day： Archbishop of YorkChristmas Day； Archbishop of YorkBoxing Day, Archbishop of CanterburyAt the bottom of the feudal scale were the, who were little better than slaves.A.lesser nobles B.

57、freemen C. villeins D. baronsWilliam1 s Grand Council Was held three times a year in the following places except.A. Winchester B. Westminster C. Manchester D. GloucesterHenry II divided the country into circuits andappointed traveling judges to each of them.A. five B. six C. seven D. eightSimon de M

58、onfort summoned in the Great Councilto meet at Westminster, together with two knights from each county and two burgesses from each town.A. 1162 B. 1164 C. 1248 D. 1265During the reign of, Wales was brought under English rule.A. Henty HI B. Edward I C. Edward II D. Edward IVbrought the first conflict

59、 between King Henry II and Thomas Becket?The issue of the Constitutions of ClarendonThe issue of the exileC The trial of a clergyman of BedfordD. The appointment of the Lord Chancellorwas recognized to the French throne in 1420.A. Henry HI B. Edward III C. Henry V D. Henry VIIBy 1453 was the only pa

60、rt of France that was stillin the hands of the English.A. Poitiers B. Sluys C. Calais D. ArgencourtIn 1351 the English government issue awhichmade it a crime for peasants to ask for wages or for employers to pay more than the rates laid down by the Justices of Peace.A. StatuteLawsB. StatuteA. Statut