高考英语语法考点归纳总结非谓语动词素材

1、 高考英语语法考点归纳总结:高考英语语法：非谓语动词非谓语动词是指不充当谓语的动词.形式，主要有：动词不定式，分词（现在分词和过去分词），动名词.有关非谓语动词的概述参看语法框架中非谓语动词部分动词不定式一.形式：动词不定式的一般式是to do,另外还有一些变化形式如下表主动被动一般式 to doto be done进行式 to be doing完成式 to have doneto have been done完成进行式 to have been doinginvite, expect, order, permit, persuade, require, want, warn, teach,

2、wisha. Body language helps you to communicate with foreigners.a. Our wor k is to clean the windows.b. My advice is not to drink any more.5.作定语：.不定式作定语时要后置Children, I have something to tell you.I am very busy; I have some letters to write.动词不定式作定语时，其中的动词与被修饰词在逻辑上有主谓关系，动宾关系或同位关系.如果是动宾关系，则要求不定式动词是及物的，否

3、则，要一在不定式动词后加上适当的 介词He is always the first one to get up.Every morning she would bring him the papers to read.The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.f.作状语：.不定式作状语时多表示目的，原因，结果等He got up very early to catch the first bus.We eat to live; we don t live to eat.We woke up o

4、nly to find everybody gone.We are glad to hear of your success.They jumped with joy to see him back.不定式作结果或程度状语日常见的五种搭配是：soas to/ suchas to/ enoughto/ tooto/only toTom was so foolish as to tell lies to the police.I am such a fool as to think that he is warm-hearted.I hope there are enough glasses fo

5、r each guest to have.It was too late to catch a bus after the party, therefore we called a taxi.He arrived at the station, only to find the train had left.三.使用动词不定式时应注意的问题1.动词不定式省略符号to的情况：.在感官动词和使役动词后彳宾补的不定式省略to（参看上文）.在一些固定结构中,.动词不定式省略to, 如：rather than do sth, would rather do sth, had better do sth,

6、 why not do sth.Rather than ride on a crowed bus, he always prefers a bicycle.Why not go out for a walk ?I would rather play football than basketball. |.当两个并列的带to的不定式由and或or连接时，第二个不定式的符号to可以省略I intend to call on him and discuss the question again.She asked you to call or write to her on Sunday.|I ha

7、ven t decided to go home or to stay at school this summer.2.动词不定式位于某些形容词之后，构成以下句型：S + be + adj. + to do. 在此句型中，句子主语与不定式动词do有两种关系：.句子主语与不定式动词是逻辑主谓关系They were eager to know everything about China.I am sorry to keep you waiting.句子主语与不定式动词是逻辑动宾关系，这时，如果不定式动t是不及物，则需加上适当的介词The question is easy to answer.Th

8、e chair is very comfortable to sit on.疑问词(除why以外)+ to do常含有应该如何如何之意，可替换成相应的名词从句Would you tell us what to do now? (=Would you tell us what we should do now?)Can you tell me where to get the book ? ( =Can you tell me where I should get the book ?).作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省略to之后的内容，而保留toDid you go to se

9、e the Great Wall ? No, I wanted to, but there wasn t time.He wanted to go to Beidaihe, but he wasn t able to.不定式的完成式在plan, hope, expect, would like等之后，表示事实上没有实现的行d. The enemy expected to have found him.敌人本来指望找到他 d. The enemy expected to have found him.敌人本来指望找到他 （实际上没找到）.动词不定式的复合结构：for / of sb to do

10、sth.其中sb是不定式动词do的逻辑主语No permission has been given for anybody to enter the building.It was a mistake for her to do such a thing.I opened the door for her to come in.It is very kind of you to help me.现在分词一.形式：现在分词的一般式是doing,另外还有一些变化形式如下表主动被动一般式 doing being done完成式 having donehaving been done二.现在分词在句中

11、的作用：作定语，状语，宾语补足语，表语.作定语：I dont know the quarrelling couple.The woman coming to Paris from London was Lucie Manette.作状语：现在分词作状语时，可以表示时间，原因，伴随动作，方式等，或对谓语动词 所表示的动作加以修饰或说明:Entering the small room, Defarge found Dr Manette making a shoe.Knowing that she was an experienced worker, they often asked her for

12、 help.He ran after me, holding something in his hand.Please fill in this form, giving your name, address, etc.Having brought her father back to England, Lucie helped him to get better.The poor of the cities, having lived such a hard life, took up guns.So he left France, preferring to give up the for

13、tune that would one day come tohim.作宾补：Don t make any noise! Don you see the child sleeping ?I saw them playing on the playground at six o clock.感人的）.作表语：感人的）.a. The film is very moving (动名词.形式：动名词的形式与现在分词完全相同.动名词在句中的作用：动名词在句中起着名词的作用，可以作主语，宾语和表语.作主语：iPlanting wheat close together is very important.Listening,to music is a pleasure.作宾语：包括动词的宾