定语从句和名词性从句的区别和练习

定语从句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。e.g.Sheisthegirlwhotalkedtomeyesterday.名词性从句（NounClauses）---主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句在句中做主语、宾语、表语和同位语的成份。e.g.Idon'tknowwhosheis.（宾语）ThisiswhyIcamehere.（表语）区别：第一，定语从句有先行词，且先行词可以放入后面的从句中使从句完整；名词性从句中的主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句没有先行词，同位语从句有先行词但在从句中不做成分。e.g.Thenewsthattheytoldmeexcitedme.（thenews可以放入从句中，使句子完整，即theytoldmethenews）Thenewsthatourteamwonexcitedme.（thenews无法放入从句中，所以是同位语从句）第二，在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句（NounClauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语,修饰主句的某个名词性成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。第三，最关键也是最重要的区别：名词性从句和定语从句的最本质的不同点在于，前者在句子中做名词，而后者相当于形容词，修饰或限制名词或代词。名词性从句由that引导时，通常不充当从句的句子成分，故that可省去。但定语从句由that引导时，如在从句中充当主语时，则that不能省去。使用中最大的区别：定语从句由于在句子中只作定语，故去掉它，整个句子还完整，就像普通的句子去掉一个定语不影响原句的完整性一样。但名词性从句由于它们充当的是句子的骨干成分（主语，宾语或表语），故去掉它们，原句就不通了。如下面的A句，去掉了主语从句Thathehasbecomearichman，原句变成isknowntoallinourtown。就失去了完整性。而B句，去掉定语从句部分thatisonthedesk后，原句变成Thepenismine还是通的。A：Thathehasbecomearichmanisknowntoallinourtown.B:Thepenthatisonthedeskismine.各个击破】名词性从句1．Hegotangrywith shesaid．A．thatB．whichC．whatD.allwhat2．Can'tyoufindout wrongwiththeTVset.A．whichB．that'sC．what'sD.whereis theywillhaveagoodharvestthisyearisstillunknown．A．WhetherB．IfC．WhichD.That4．Allthebooksarehere．Youmayborrow youlike．A．whichB．thatC．whatD.whichever5．Thenews toMountTaiduringthesummerholidaysdelightedallofus.A．wewouldgoB．whichwewouldgoC．thatwewouldgoD.wouldgo6．Wecouldhardlyunderstand ．A．whatthemanwastalkingaboutB．thatthemanwastalkingaboutC．whatwasthemantalkingaboutD．themanwastalkingaboutwhat7． isthatIhavepromisedtomakefriendswiththedishonestgirl.A．TheonlythingwhatIregretB.WhatIregretmostC．AllwhatIreallyregretmostD.WhatthatIregretmost8． sheislivingnowisnotknowntoanybody.A．WhatB．WhenC．WhereD.Why9．Thisis theriverhasbeenpolluted．A．whatB．whyC．thatD.whether10．Thatis hewasborn.A．whatB．thatC．whereD.whether定语从句1．Thisisthefactory theyvisitedtheotherday．A．thatB．whereC．towhichD．what2．Jeannewasheroldfriend， sheborrowedanecklace．A．fromwhoB．fromwhomC．tothatD．towhom3.Thisbookisforthestudents nativelanguageisnotEnglish．A．thatB．ofwhomC．whoseD．who4．Areyoutheman bicyclewasstolen?A．whoisB．whoseC．hisD．ofwhichthe5.Idon'tliketheway___hespoketome.A.whatB.bywhichC.bythatD./6.Hemakesgooduseofthetime hecanspare．A．thatB．inwhichC．inthatD．when7．“Those toseethenewfilmwritedownyournames，please．”A．wantB．whoC．thatwantsD．whowant8.XiaoHuang，___yourgoodfriend,willtryherbesttohelpyouout．A．whoisB．whoamC．thatamD．whatis9.HehastwoChinese-Englishdictionaries， wereboughtlastweek．A．twoofwhichB．bothofwhichC．bothofthemD．allofwhom10．Asaleswomanis sellsgoods．A．athingthatB．somethingthatC．awomanwhoD．awomanwhat综合练习Isthisthefactory youvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theoneIsthisfactory someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theoneIsthisthefactory heworkedtenyearsago?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theoneThewolveshidthemselvesintheplaces couldn'tbefound.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.inthatThereasonis heisunabletooperatethemachine.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.whetherMaythefourthistheday weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.aboutwhichWearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhou, livemygrandparentsandsomerelatives.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whereHehastwosons, workaschemists.A.twoofwhomB.bothofwhomC.bothofwhichD.allofwhomWhocanthinkofasituation thisidiomcanbeused?A.whichB.thatC.whereD.inthat peoplespendsomuchmoneyontheirpets usalot.A.That;surprisesB.What;surprisingC.How;aresurprisedD.That;issurprisedThethought LaoGaowouldopenaSichuanrestaurantinLosAngelessurprisedhiswifeA.thatB.whatC.whetherD.if wearedoinghasneverbeendonebefore.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.Whethershecouldn'tunderstandwas fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlesson.A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;thatWhatthedoctorsreallydoubtis mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.A.whenB.howC.whetherD.whyleavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.WhoGoandgetyourcoat.It's youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewhereD.wherethereNo