2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习专题训练第六部分专题一短文改错

2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习专题训练第六部分专题一短文改错Correction1[xx丙卷（全国III）]话题考点分布词数建议时间动非谓语形/副名介连代冠回忆往事302012111118分钟WhenIlookatthispictureofmyself,Irealizeofhowfasttimeflies.Ihadgrownnotonlyphysically,andalsomentallyintpastfewyears.Aboutonemonthafterthisphotowastook,Ienteredmysecondyearofhighschoolandbeeanewmemberoftheschoolmusicclub.Aroundmeinpicturearethethingstheywereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime:carmagazinesandmusicalinstruments.Ienjoyedstudyingdifferencekindsofcarsandplanes,playingpopmusic,andcollectingthelatemusicalbums.Thispictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofyourhighschooldays.Correction2[xx甲卷（全国II）]话题考点分布词数建议时间动非谓语形/副名介连代冠暑假计划310102211068分钟Thesummerholidayising.MyclassmatesandIaretalkingabouthowtododuringtheholiday.Wecanchosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.Ifwestayathome,itisfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.Butinthatcase,wewilllearnlittleaboutworld.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenyourviewandgainknowledgeswecannotgetfrombooks.Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby.Ithoughtthatitisagoodidea.Itdoesnotcostmany,yetwecanstilllearnalot.Correction3[xx浙江]话题考点分布词数建议时间动非谓语形/副名介连代冠家庭乐事411110111148分钟WhenIwasaveryyoungchildren,myfathercreatedaregularpracticeIrememberwellyearslate.Everytimehearrivedhomeatendoftheday,w'edgreetheratthedoor.Hewouldaskwhowewasandpretendnottoknowingus.Thenheandmymotherwouldhavehadadrinkwhilesheprepareddinnerandtheywouldtalkabouthisdayandhers.Whiletheychat,myfatherwouldliftmysisterandmeuptositinthetopofthefridge.Itwasbothexcitedandfrighteningtobeupthere!MysisterandIthoughthewassocoolforputtingusthere.Correction4[xx新课标全国I]话题考点分布词数建议时间动非谓语形/副名介连代冠环境保护30211111987分钟WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.NowIamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside.Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen.Unfortunately,onthedevelopmentofindustrialization,theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybeeaveryseriouslyproblem.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.Wemustfoundwaystoprotectyourenvironment.Ifwefailtodoso,we'lllivetoregretit.Correction5[xx新课标全国II]话题考点分布词数建议时间动非谓语形/副名介连代冠梦想中的学校303120011148分钟Mydreamschoolstartsat8:30a.m.andendsat3:30p.m.Theyarethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.Wedidn'tneedtodosomanyhomework.Therefore,wehavemoretimewithafter-schoolactivities.Forexample,wecandoreadingforoneandahalfhourandplaysportsforonehoureveryday.Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.Thereareallkindsoftheflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings.Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsatbythelakelisteningmusic.Theteachersherearekindandhelpfully.Theyarenotonlyourteachersbutalsoourfriends.答案Correction1删除realize后的of。考查介词。realize后接宾语从句，介词of多余。had—have。考查时态。由时间状语"inthepastfewyears"可知，此处强调的是发生在过去的动作对现在的影响，故应用现在完成时。and—but。考查连词。notonly...butalso...是固定搭配。tookftaken。考查语态。photo与take为被动关系，故应用被动语态。take的过去分词是taken。took为take的过去式。bee—became。考查动词时态。"我"成为学校音乐俱乐部的新成员，这件事发生在过去，所以谓语动词应用became。picture前面加this或者the。考查限定词或冠词。picture作"照片"讲时是可数名词，因为上文已提到过这张照片，因此要用定冠词the表特指，也可用this。theyfthat或which。考查定语从句。things后面接了一个定语从句，修饰先行词things,既可以用that也可以用which作关系代词。&difference—different。考查形容词。名词kinds需要用形容词来修饰，因此把difference改为different。9.late-latest。考查形近词辨析。结合句意，这里表示收集最新的音乐专辑，故将late改为latest。latest意为"最近的,最新的"。10.your-my。考查人称代词。全文介绍的是〃我〃的故事，因此这里应该是〃我〃高中时期的回忆。Correction2how—what。考查宾语从句。分析句子可知,aretalkingabout后为宾语从句，且从句中do缺少宾语，故将how-what。chose—choose。考查情态动词。情态动词后接动词原形。take—taking。考查非谓语动词。and连接两个并列的成分，且介词between后接动名词形式，所以将take改为taking。but—and。考查连词。前后句之间为顺承关系,故将but改为and。在world前加the。考查冠词。world意为"世界，天下"，其前常与定冠词the连用。your—our。考查代词。因为句子的主语为"we",故此处用our。knowledges—knowledge。考查名词的数。knowledge为不可数名词，没有复数形式。&删除can或将can—should。考查虚拟语气。suggest意为"建议"时，其后的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用"should+动词原形"‘should可以省略。thought—thinko考查动词的时态。全文的时态以一般现在时为主故此处应用一般现在时。many—much。考查代词。表示"钱"的多少时，要用much而不是many。Correction3children—child。考查名词单复数。根据句中的I和a可知，这里应用可数名词单数形式,故改为child。2.late—later。考查副词。根据语境可知，此处表示"很多年后"，故将late改为later。end前加the。考查冠词。attheendof是固定词组，表示"在的最后"。her—him。考查代词。根据上文的he可知，此处应将her改为him。was—were。考查主谓一致。根据we可知,be动词应该用复数形式,故将was改为were。knowing—know。考查非谓语动词。pretend(not)todosth.假装(不)做某事"，为固定短语，故改为know。去掉hado考查时态。根据语境和下文的"wouldtalk"可知，此处应该用woulddo结构，而不用wouldhavedone结构。&chat—chatted。考查时态。根据本文的主体时态可知，此处应用一般过去时，故将chat改为chatted。9.in—on。考查介词。onthetopof是固定词组，表示"在的上面"。lO.excited—exciting。考查形容词。根据语境和主语It可知，此处表示"令人激动的"，故用-ing形式的形容词。Correction4thinkfthought。考查时态。前两句说的是童年的事情，应用一般过去时,故把think改为thought。在countryside前加the。考查冠词。inthecountryside表示"在农村"，为固定表达。3.orfand。考查并列连词。根据前后两个分句之间的关系可知，此处应把or改为and（而且）。4.on-with。考查介词。随着工业化的推进，环境被污染了。这里表示伴随状况，因此把on改为with（随着）。5•删除have后的been。考查语态。很多研究表明:全球变暖已经成为一个非常严重的问题。本句应用主动语态，因此去掉been。seriouslyfserious。考查形容词。此处应用形容词serious（严重的）修饰名词，因此把seriously改为serious。airsfair。考查名词。air在此为不可数名词，因此把airs改为air。&Much—Many。考查限定词。much修饰不可数名词,而animals为可数名词复数形式,因此把Much改为Many。found—find。考查动词。情态动词must之后应用动词原形，因此把found改为find（找到）。yourfour/the。考查代词或冠词。此处表示'保护（我们的）环境"‘environment表示"自然环境"时，其前常与定冠词the连用，因此把形容词性物主代词your改为our或the。Correction5They—There。考查therebe句型。根据句子结构来判断，要用therebe句型表示"有"。句意:早上有三节课，下午有两节课。故把They改为There。didn't—don't。考查动词时态。文章主体时态为一般现在时，此处表示〃我们（每天）不需要做如此多的家庭作业"，应用一般现在时。故把didn't改为don't。many—much。考查限定词。homework是不可数名词，修饰该词应用much，而many修饰可数名词复数。故把many改为much。with—for。考查介词。后接表示对象、用途等的名词时应用介词for，意为"对，给,供"。half后的hour—hours。考查名词单复数。hour前有"oneandahalf'修饰，要用复数形式。故把hour改为hours。6.look—looks。考查主谓一致。根据句子的主语"Mydreamschool"可判断出，谓语动词要用单数形式，由于叙述的是现在的情况,故应用looks。7•删除flowers前面的the。考查冠词。句意:教学楼周围有各种各样的花和树木。根据句意可知，此处表示"泛指"，所以flowers前不用定冠词。&sat—sit。考查动词时态。根据句子结构可知,or后的动词与前面的lie是并列关系，在情态动词can之后应用动词原形。故把sat改为sit。在listening后加to。考查固定短语。listentomusic意为"听音乐:是固定短语。helpfully—helpful。考查形容词。根据句子结构可矢□，此处要用形容词作表语。故把helpfully改为helpful。2019-2020年高考英语一轮复习专题训练第六部分专题二书面表达一、一句多译(每空一词)他提的问题值得讨论。TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTheproblemheraisedwaswort.Heraisedaquestion,wasworthdiscussing.Theproblemheraisedwasworthyof.Theproblemheraisedwasworthyto.爸爸和妈妈都不在家。MotherandFatherwerenot.MotherandFatherwere.Myparentswerenot.Bothmymotherandfatherwere.NeitherMothernorFatherwas.昨晚那幢楼房突然起火了。Thebuildingsuddenlylastnight.Suddenlythebuildingwaslastnight.Afiresuddenlyinthebuildinglastnight.Allofasuddenafireinthebuildinglastnight.我花了两个小时做作业。Ispenttwohoursmyhomework.Ispenttwohoursmyhomework.Ittodomyhomework.Myhomeworktwohours.我宁愿待在家里也不愿去看电影。Iprefertostayathomegotothemovies.Ipreferathometotothemovies.1stayathomethantothemovies.二、翻译下列句子我们班的一个明显的问题是缺乏团队精神。目前,中国的私家车越来越多,因此交通变得越来越糟糕。正是这些充满魔力的语言让我看到了自己的优点,建立了自信。上周一令人难忘,关于传统文化我们有了一次有趣又有意义的体验。这位教授给我们提出了一些如何学好英语的建议。三、变换表达方式完成短文请结合材料,按要求用英文写作。Amothersaid,"Mysonisalwaysonthephone,sleeping,outwithhisfriends,orinhisroom.Heneverhastimetotalktome."要求:(1)就此材料发表你的看法;紧扣材料,有明确的观点;词数100左右。Theteenagersthinktheirparentsdon'tunderstandthem,soinsteadoftellingtheirparentstheirproblemstheytalktotheirfriends(用prefertodo...ratherthando改写)①.Motherisnottheonlyonethatfacesthegenerationgap.Duetodifferentattitudesandopinions,asolidgenerationgapappeared_(用arise改写)②.Inasense,thegenerationgapisasignofsocialprogress,butitalsoresultsindifficultiesinmunication.Bothparentsandteenagersshouldtrytosolvetheproblem.Asteenagers,themostimportantthing(用主语从句改写)③istorespectparents.Asparents,theyhadbettermakefriendswiththeirchildren_(用regard改写句子)④andthinkinthewaytheirchildrenoftenuse(用高级短语改写)⑤.Inaword,iftheymunicatewitheachotherbetter,they'llknoweachotherbetter(用"the+比较级,the+比较级"结构改写)⑥.12•假定你是光明中学的高三学生李华，想在即将到来的寒假里到澳大利亚观光旅游,体验异国风情。请你给外教Mr.Wilson写一封电子邮件，内容如下：自我介绍并说明旅游计划;请求他提供英语学习方面的帮助;征求一些建议(如交通、吃饭、住宿等)。注意：(1)词数100左右;可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。DearMr.Wilson,I'mLiHua,oneofthestudentsfromSenior3ofGuangmingMiddleSchool.Winterholidayisdrawingnear(用介词短语替换)①andIamscheduledtopayavisittoAustralia.IexpectthatIwillhavethechancetoseesomefamousattractionswhileIamexperiencingthecustomandcultureinaforeigncountryduringtheholiday(简化句子)②.However,I'mworriedaboutmypoorEnglish.Ifearthatitmaycausesometroubleinmunicatingwiththelocalpeople(改为therebe结构)③.Therefore,I'mnowwritingtoaskyouforsomehelptoimprovemyEnglish,especiallymylisteningandspeakingabilities.What'smore,Ireallydonotknowhowtotravel,whattoeatandwheretoliveinAustralia.Iwouldbeverythankful（用高级句式替换）④ifyoucouldgivemesomeadviceonthem.I'mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Bestwishes!Yourstruly,LiHua13.近日你在网上参加了一场有关〃高考是否应该一年两考〃的讨论，人们对此见解不一。青根据下表提示,用英语写一篇短文,简述两种观点并表明你的态度。注意:词数100左右。支持迎合高考改革的需要；学生能获得更多机会，减轻家长和学生的压力。担忧增加师生负担；浪费人力、财力及其他社会资源。RecentlyIhavejoinedinadiscussionontheInternetabouwthetherstudentsshouldbeprovidedwithtwoCollegeEntranceExaminationopportunitieseachyear（换一种表达方式）①.Ofcourse，differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsonthematter（用高级词汇替换）②.ThosewhoareforthisideathinkthatmoretestopportunitiesmeettheneedofCollegeEntranceExaminationreform.Itallowsstudentstohavemorechancesandalsohelpsreducethestressofbothparentsandstudents（用notonly...butalso...改写句子）③.Thosewhofeelworried，believethatmoretestopportunitieswilladdtotheburdenofbothstudentsandteachers.Besides，itwillbeawasteofmoney，laborandothersocialresources，whichmaycausesomeotherproblems.AsfarasIamconcerned，themorechances，thebetter.MoretestopportunitieswillimprovethefairnessofCollegeEntranceExamination.四、真题演练[xx天津,25分]假设你是李津，与你以前的外籍教师Mrs.Green一直保持联系。近日她来信询问你的近况，青根据以下提示给她回复一封邮件。简要介绍自己的学习和生活;告知你已成为八月底在津举办的第十三届全运会的志愿者,并介绍为此所做的准备(如深入了解天津等);希望她有机会重访天津。词数不少于100;可适当加入细节,使内容充实、行文连贯;开头已给出,不计入总词数。参考词汇:第十三届全运会the13thNationalGamesDearMrs.Green,I'msogladtohearfromyou.Yours,LiJin[xx丙卷(全国111),25分]假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件,内容包括:表示歉意;说明原因;另约时间。词数100左右;可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。[xx北京，15分]假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国历史很感兴趣，并请你介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Jim回信，内容包括:该人物是谁;该人物的主要贡献;该人物对你的影响。注意:1.词数不少于50;开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim，Yours，LiHua[xx重庆,20分]Bookcrossing是一个面向全球的图书分享网站。该网站组织的分享活动有两种参与方式:一是自由分享(wildrelease),即把书放在指定地点，由其他参与者自由获取;二是定向分享(controlledrelease),即直接传递给另一位参与者。假设你是李华,请用英文写信申请参加。内容应包括:•表明写信目的•选择一种分享方式•简述做出该选择的理由•希望了解更多信息注意:(1)词数不少于80;(2)书信格式及开头已给出(不计入总词数)。DearSirorMadam,Yours,LiHua[xx四川，35分]假如你是李夏。你看到美国留学生Sharon在网上发帖，希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(Mandarin)水平，她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。表达给她提供帮助的意愿;说明你能胜任辅导的理由;给出讲好普通话的两点建议;提出你学习英语的具体需求。词数120左右,开头语已为你写好;可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称。Hi,Sharon,ThisisLiXia.IlearnedfromyourpostthatyouwanttoimproveyourMandarin.LiXia[xx安徽，25分]某英文杂志正在举办以"Fancyyourselfasaninterviewer为主题的征文活动，请你以"AFamousChineseIWouldLiketoInterview"为题，写一篇英语短文。内容包括:采访的对象;采访的原因;想提的问题。词数120左右;可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;短文中不能出现与本人相关的信息;短文的标题已给出,不计入总词数。AFamousChineseIWouldLiketoInterview[xx天津,25分]假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李津,你校拟向美国友好交流学校的中文班捐赠一批图书。青根据以下提示，写一封邮件与中文班班长Chris联系,并告知将于今年七月赴对方学校参加夏令营时带去赠书。(1)自我介绍;拟捐赠图书的类型、册数、用途等;询问对方的其他需求。词数不少于100;青适当加入细节,使内容充实、行文连贯参考词汇:学生会theStudentUnionDearChris,Yours,LiJin答案一、一句多译(每空一词)(1)discussing(2)which(3)discussionbe,discussed(1)at,home(2)out(3)in(4)out(5)in(1)caught,fire(2)on,fire(3)broke,outstarted/arose(1)in,doing(2)on(3)took,me,two,hourscost,me(1)rather,than(2)staying,going(3)would,rather,go二、翻译下列句子6.Oneobviousproblemwithourclassisthelackofteamspirit.7.Nowadays,China'sprivatecarsbeemoreandmoresothetrafficbeesworseandworse.8.Itwasthesemagicwordsthatmademerealizemystrengthandbuildupmyself-confidence.LastMondaywasmemorablewhenwehadameaningfulandinterestingexperienceontraditionalculture.TheprofessorgaveussomeadviceonhowwecouldlearnEnglishwell.三、变换表达方式完成短文①theyprefertotalktotheirfriendsratherthantelltheirparentstheirproblems。insteadofdoing较为常用,可以用"prefertodo...ratherthando..."结构，使得句式更加优美,表达更上档次。arose。appear较为常见。whatmattersmost。此处用主语从句，表达更贴切、更高级。regardchildrenastheirfriends。make...with...较常用，写作过程中考生可以使用不同的表达,比如regard...as...。putthemselvesintheirchildren'sshoes。putoneselfinone'sshoes意为"设身处地，处于某人的境地"，高级短语的运用会给作文增色不少。themoretheymunicatewitheachother,thebettertheyllknoweachother。"themore...themore..."的表达更准确，更有感染力。①around/roundthecorner。drawnear"临近"，在书面表达中比较常见,而around/roundthecorner也有此意，但很少有考生能这样用。Iexpecttoseesomefamousattractionswhileexperiencingthecustomandcultureinaforeigncountryduringtheholiday.通过简化使句子更简洁、更紧凑，句意也更清楚。theremaybesometroubleinmunicatingwiththelocaleople。原句改成therebe句型之后，原来生硬的语气变得更加自然了。IwouldappreciateitIwouldappreciateit...是-一种常用的高级句式，使语气更加委婉。①whethertwoCollegeEntranceExaminationopportunitiesshouldbeprovidedeachyear。原句是中式思维，惯用人作主语。改变后的句子以物作主语，把需要强调的内容提到了句子开头，符合语境，也符合英美人的思维习惯。issue。matter属于普通词汇，而issue属于高级词汇，更专业、更书面化。Notonlydoesitallowstudentstohavemorechancesbutitalsohelpsreducethestressofbothparentsandstudents通过改写不仅使句子结构对称，有平衡感，同时也使句子更加紧凑。四、真题演练DearMrs.Green，I'msogladtohearfromyou.WhileithasbeenmorethanayearsinceyoutaughtusEnglish，I'vemissedyoualot，thinkingaboutthosehappymomentswhenwestayedwithyou.Actually，I'vebeendoingprettywellinmystudiesaswellasinmylife.Apartfrommyacademicstudies，IalwaysmanagetofindtimeforwhatI'minterestedin.Forexample,Ihavesuccessfullygotadmittedasavolunteerforthe13thNationalGames,whichisscheduledtobeheldattheendofthisAugust.Togetadmitted,Ihavemadeadequatepreparationsbeforehand,tryingtoknowasmuchasIcouldaboutmycity,Tianjin.Bytheway,it'smysincerehopethatyoucansparesometimeforavisittoTianjinagain,whichhaschangedgreatlysinceyouleft.PleaseletmeknowifyouetoTianjin.Yours,LiJinDearBob,I'msorrythatIcannotgotothebookstorewithyouonFridayafternoon.IhavejustfoundthatIhavetoattendanimportantclassmeetingthatafternoon.Ihopethechangewillnotcauseyoutoomuchtrouble.ShallwegoonSaturdaymorning?Wecansetoutearlysothat'wellhavemoretimetoreadandselectbooks.Ifit'sconvenientforyou,let'smeetat8:30outsidetheschoolgate.Ifnot,letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest.Ishouldbeavailableanytimeafterschoolnextweek.Yours,LiHuaDearJim,It'sgreattohearfromyou.IfeelproudknowingyourinterestinChinesehistory.AsformyfavoritefigureinChinesehistory,itmustbeWeiYuan,agreatthinkerinthelateQingDynasty.He,inhisbook,HaiguoTuzhi(MapsandRecordsoftheWorld),introducedmoderntechnologiesandideastoChina,whichopenedoureyestotheworld.Infact,heinspiresmetomajorinEnglishincollege,tobeabridgebetweenChinaandtheworld.Interestedinknowingmore?Icanfindyousomebooks!Justletmeknow.Cheers!Yours,LiHuaDearSirorMadam,Learningthatyouareorganizingthisactivitytosharebooksworldwide,IamwritingtoapplyforitforthesimplereasonthatIlovereadingandthatIownalargenumberofbooks.You'veintroducedtwowaystosharebooks:wildreleaseandcontrolledrelease.Ofthetwo,thelatterwinsmyfavor.Bythemeansofcontrolledrelease,Ionlyneedtodeliverbookstootherparticipants.Notonlyarebookssharedbutitcanbuildabridgeconnectingreadersfromdifferentpartsoftheworldaswell.Ifyoucouldprovidemorespecificinformation,Iwouldbewellgrateful.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHuaHi,Sharon,ThisisLiXia.IlearnedfromyourpostthatyouwanttoimproveyourMandarin.IfeelhonoredtohavethechancetohelpyouwithyourManda