新视野大学英语2课文原文

UnitlAmericansbelievenoonestandsstill.Ifyouarenotmovingahead,youarefallingbehind.'Thisattituderesultsinanationofpeoplecommittedtoresearching,experimentingandexploring.TimeisoneofthetwoelementsthatAmericanssavecarefully,theotherbeinglabor."Weareslavestonothingbuttheclock,Mithasbeensaid.Timeistreatedasifitweresomethingalmostreal.Webudgetit,saveit,wasteit,stealit,killit,cutit,accountforit;wealsochargeforit.Itisapreciousresource.Manypeoplehavearatheracutesenseoftheshortnessofeachlifetime.Oncethesandshaverunoutofaperson*shourglass,theycannotbereplaced.Wewanteveryminutetocount.Aforeigner'sfirstimpressionoftheU.S.islikelytobethateveryoneisinarush--oftenunderpressure.Citypeoplealwaysappeartobehurryingtogetwheretheyaregoing,restlesslyseekingattentioninastore,orelbowingothersastheytrytocompletetheirshopping.Racingthroughdaytimemealsispartofthepaceoflifeinthiscountry.Workingtimeisconsideredprecious.Othersinpubliceating-placesarewaitingforyoutofinishsothey,too,canbeservedandgetbacktoworkwithinthetimeallowed.Ybualsofinddriverswillbeabruptandpeoplewillpushpastyou.Ybuwillmisssmiles,briefconversations,andsmallexchangeswithstrangers.Don'ttakeitpersonally.Thisisbecausepeoplevaluetimehighly,andtheyresentsomeoneelse“wasting”itbeyondacertainappropriatepoint.ManynewarrivalstotheStateswillmisstheopeningexchangesofabusinesscall,forexample.Theywillmisstheritualinteractionthatgoeswithawelcomingcupofteaorcoffeethatmaybeaconventionintheirowncountry.Theymaymissleisurelybusinesschatsinarestaurantorcoffeehouse.Normally,Americansdonotassesstheirvisitorsinsuchrelaxedsurroundingsoverextendedsmalltalk;muchlessdotheytakethemoutfordinner,orforaroundonthegolfcoursewhiletheydevelopasenseoftrust.Sincewegenerallyassessandprobeprofessionallyratherthansocially,westarttalkingbusinessveryquickly.Timeis,therefore,alwaystickinginourinnerear.Consequently,weworkhardatthetaskofsavingtime.Weproduceasteadyflowoflabor-savingdevices;wecommunicaterapidlythroughfaxes,phonecallsoremailsratherthanthroughpersonalcontacts,whichthoughpleasant,takelonger--especiallygivenourtraffic-filledstreets.We,therefore,savemostpersonalvisitingforafter-workhoursorforsocialweekendgatherings.Toustheimpersonalityofelectroniccommunicationhaslittleornorelationtothesignificanceofthematterathand.Insomecountriesnomajorbusinessisconductedwithouteyecontact,requiringface-to-faceconversation.InAmerica,too,afinalagreementwillnormallybesignedinperson.However,peoplearemeetingincreasinglyontelevisionscreens,conducting“teleconferences“tosettleproblemsnotonlyinthiscountrybutalso-bysatellite--internationally.TheU.S.isdefinitelyatelephonecountry.Almosteveryoneusesthetelephonetoconductbusiness,tochatwithfriends,tomakeorbreaksocialappointments,tosay“Thankyou,"toshopandtoobtainallkindsofinformation.Telephonessavethefeetandendlessamountsoftime.Thisisduepartlytothefactthatthetelephoneserviceissuperbhere,whereasthepostalserviceislessefficient.Somenewarrivalswillcomefromcultureswhereitisconsideredimpolitetoworktooquickly.Unlessacertainamountoftimeisallowedtoelapse,itseemsintheireyesasifthetaskbeingconsideredwereinsignificant,notworthyofproperrespect.Assignmentsare,consequently,felttobegivenaddedweightbythepassageoftime.IntheU.S.,however,itistakenasasignofskillfulnessorbeingcompetenttosolveaproblem,orfulfillajobsuccessfully,withspeed.Usually,themoreimportantataskis,themorecapital,energy,andattentionwillbepouredintoitinordertougetitmoving.MUnit2LearningtheOlympicStandardforLoveNikolaiPetrovichAnikinwasnothalfasintimidatingasIhadimaginedhewouldbe.No,thissurelywasnottheex-Sovietcoachmyfatherhadshippedmeouttomeet.ButNikolaihewas,Petrovichandall.Heinvitedmeinsideandsatdownonthecouch,pattingtheblanketnexttohimtogetmetositnexttohim.Iwassonervousinhispresence."Youareyoung,'*hebeganinhisRussian-styleEnglish.**IfyouliketotryforOlympicGames,Iguessyouwillbeabletodothis.NaganoOlympicstoosoonforyou,butfor2002inSaltLakeCity,youcouldbeready.'***Yes,whynot?*'herepliedtotheshockedlookonmyface.Iwasapromisingamateurskier,butbynomeansthetopskierinthecountry.*'Ofcourse,therewillbemanyhardtrainingsessions,andyouwillcry,butyouwillimprove.*'Tobesure,therewerecountlesstrainingsessionsfullofpainandmorethanafewtears,butinthefiveyearsthatfollowedIcouldalwayscountonbeingencouragedbyNikolai*samusingstoriesandsenseofhumor.*'Myfriends,theygointhemovies,theygointhedance,theygooutwithgirls,“hewouldstart.**ButI,"hewouldcontinue,loweringhisvoice,*'Iampractice,practice,practiceinthestadium.Andbythenextyear,Ihadcut1-1/2minutesoffmytimeinthe15-kilometerrace!"Myfriendsaskedme,Nikolai,howdidyoudoit?'AndIreplied,'Yougointhemovies,yougointhedance,yougooutwithgirls,butIampractice,practice,practice.''*Herethestoryusuallyended,butononeoccasion,whichwelaterlearnedwashis25thweddinganniversary,hestoodproudlyinawornwoolensweaterandsmiledandwhispered,"AndItellyou,Iam26yearsoldbefore1everkissagirl!ShewasthewomanIlatermarry."Romanticandotherwise,Nikolaiknewlove.Hisconsistentgoodhumor,quietgratitude,perceptivity,andsinceritysetanOlympicstandardforlovethatIcontinuetoreachfor,eventhoughmyskiingdaysareover.Still,heneverbabiedme.OneFebruarydayIhadamassiveheadacheandfeltquitefatigued.Icameuponhiminaclearing,andafterapproximately15minutesofstridingintothecoldbreezeoverthewhitepowdertocatchhim,Ifussed,"Oh,Nikolai,IfeellikeIamgoingtodie.”"Whenyouareahundredyearsold,everybodydies,"hesaid,indifferenttomypain."Butnow,"hecontinuedfirmly."Nowmustbeski,ski,ski."And,onskis,Ididwhathesaid.Onothermatters,though,Iwasrebellious.Once,hepacked10ofusintoaFinnishbachelor'stinyhomeforalow-budgetskicamp.WeawokethefirstmorningtofindNikolaimakingbreakfastandthenmadequickworkwithourspoonswhilesittingonmakeshiftchairsaroundatinycardtable.Whenwewerefinished,Nikolaistackedthestickybowlsinfrontofmysolefemaleteammateandme,asserting,"Now,girlsdodishes!”Ithrewmynapkinonthefloorandsworeathim,"Askthedamnboys!Thisisunfair"Heneveraskedthisofmeagain,nordidhetakemuchnoticeofmyoutburst.Hesavedhispassionforskiing.Whencoaching,hewouldsingouthisinstructionskeepingrhythmwithourstride:"Yes,yes,one-two-three,one-two-three."Adearladyfriendofmygrandfather,afterviewingacopyofavideoofmetrainingwithNikolai,asked,"Doeshealsoteachdance?*'Intraining,IworkedwithoutresttocorrectmistakesthatNikolaipointedoutandIaskedaftereachpassifitwasbetter."Yes,it'sOK.Butthefasterkneedown,thebetter.""Butisitfastenough?"I'dpersist.Finallyhewouldfrownandsay,"Billiontimesyoumakemotion—thenbeperfect,"remindingmeinanI've-told-you-a-billion-timestone,"Youmustbepatient.',Nikolai'spatienceandmyhardworkearnedmeafourth-placenationalrankingheadingintothepre-Olympicseason,butthenImissedthecutforthe2002Olympics.Lastsummer,IreturnedtovisitNikolai.Hemademetea...anddidthedishes!Wetalkedwhilesittingonhiscouch.MissingtheOlympicTeamthepreviousyearhadmademepauseandreflectonwhatIhadgained—nottheleastofwhichwasaquiet,indissolublebondwithashortmaninatropicalshirt.Nikolaitaughtmetohavethecourage,heart,anddisciplinetopersist,evenifittakesabilliontries.Hetaughtmetobethankfulinadvanceforacenturyoflifeonearth,andtoremindmyselfeverydaythatdespitethechallengesathand,"Nowmustbelove,love,love.Unit3MarriageAcrosstheNationsGailandIimaginedaquietwedding.Duringourtwoyearstogetherwehad

experiencedtheusualupsanddownsofacouplelearningtoknow,understand,

andrespecteachother.Butthroughitallwehadhonestlyconfrontedthe

weaknessesandstrengthsofeachother'scharacters.Ourracialandculturaldifferencesenhancedourrelationshipandtaughtusa

greatdealabouttolerance,compromise,andbeingopenwitheachother.Gail

sometimeswonderedwhyIandotherblacksweresoinvolvedwiththeracial

issue,andIwassurprisedthatsheseemedtoforgetthesubtlerformsofracial

hatredinAmericansociety.GailandIhadnoillusionsaboutwhatthefutureheldforusasamarried,mixedcoupleinAmerica.Thecontinualsourceofourstrengthwasourmutualtrustandrespect.Wewantedtoavoidthemistakemadebymanycouplesofmarryingforthewrongreasons,andonlyfindingoutten,twenty,orthirtyyearslaterthattheywereincompatible,thattheyhardlytookthetimetoknoweachother,thattheyoverlookedseriouspersonalityconflictsintheexpectationthatmarriagewasanautomaticwaytomakeeverythingworkoutright.ThatpointwasemphasizedbythefactthatGaiTsparents,afterthirty-fiveyearsofmarriage,weregoingthroughabitterandpainfuldivorce,whichhaddestroyedGailandforatimehadanegativeeffectonourbuddingrelationship.WhenGailspreadthenewsofourweddingplanstoherfamilyshemetwith

someresistance.Hermother,Deborah,allalonghadbeensupportiveofour

relationship,andevenjokedaboutwhenweweregoingtogetmarriedsoshe

couldhavegrandchildren.Insteadofcongratulationsuponhearingournews,

DeborahcounseledGailtobereallysureshewasdoingtherightthing."Soitwasallrightformetodatehim,butit'swrongformetomarryhim.Ishiscolortheproblem,Mom?"Gailsubsequentlytoldmeshehadaskedhermother."TostartwithImustadmitthatatfirstIharboredreservationsaboutamixedmarriage,prejudicesyoumightevencallthem.ButwhenImetMarkIfoundhimacharmingandintelligentyoungguy.Anymotherwouldbeproudtohavehimforason-in-law.So,colorhasnothingtodowithit.Yes,myfriendstalk.Someevenexpressshockatwhatyou'redoing.Buttheyliveinadifferentworld.Soyousee,Mark'scolorisnottheproblem.MybiggestworryisthatyoumaybemarryingMarkforthesamewrongreasonsthatImarriedyourfather.WhenwemetIsawhimasmybeloved,intelligent,charming,andcaring.Itwasallsonew,allsoexciting,andweboththought,onthesurfaceatleast,thatourswasanidealmarriagewitheveryindicationthatitwouldlastforever.IrealizedonlylaterthatIdidn'tknowmybeloved,yourfather,verywellwhenwemarried.""ButMarkandIhavebeentogethermorethantwoyears,"Gailrailed."We'vebeenthroughsomuchtogether.We'veseeneachotheratourworstmanytimes.I'msurethattimewillonlyconfirmwhatwefeeldeeplyabouteachother."

"Youmayberight.ButIstillthinkthatwaitingwon'thurt.You'reonly

twenty-five."Gail'sfather,David,whomIhadnotyetmetpersonally,approachedour

decisionwithafather-knows-bestattitude.Hebasicallyaskedthesame

questionsasGail'smother:"Whythehaste?WhoisthisMark?What'shis

citizenshipstatus?"AndwhenhelearnedofmyproblemswiththeCitizenship

department,heimmediatelysuspectedthatIwasmarryinghisdaughterin

ordertoremainintheUnitedStates."ButDad,that'sharsh,"Gailsaid."Thenwhytherush?Buytime,buytime,"heremarkedrepeatedly.

"Markhashadproblemswithcitizenshipbeforeandhasalwaystakencareof

themhimself,"Gaildefended."Infact,hemadeitveryclearwhenwewere

discussingmarriagethatifIhadanydoubtsaboutanything,Ishouldnot

hesitatetocancelourplans."Herfatherproceededtoquotestatisticsshowingthatmixedcoupleshadhigher

divorceratesthancouplesofthesameraceandgaveexamplesofmixed

coupleshehadcounseledwhowerehavingmaritaldifficulties."Haveyouthoughtaboutthehardshipsyourchildrenwouldgothrough?"he

asked."Dad,areyouaracist?""No,ofcoursenot.Butyouhavetoberealistic."

"Maybeourchildrenwillhavesomeproblems,butwhosechildrendon't?Butone

thingthey'llalwayshave:ourloveanddevotion.""That'sidealistic.Peoplecanbeverycrueltowardchildrenfrommixed

marriages.Dad,we'llworryaboutthatwhenthetimecomes.Ifwehadtoresolvealldoubtbeforeweacted,verylittlewouldevergetdone.'1Remember,it'snevertoolatetochangeyourmind.Unti4ATestofTrueLoveSixminutestosix,saidthedigitalclockovertheinformationdeskinGrandCentralStation.JohnBlandford,atallyoungarmyofficer,focusedhiseyesightontheclocktonotetheexacttime.Insixminuteshewouldseethewomanwhohadfilledaspecialplaceinhislifeforthepastthirteenmonths,awomanhehadneverseen,yetwhosewrittenwordshadbeenwithhimandhadgivenhimstrengthwithoutfail.Soonafterhevolunteeredformilitaryservice,hehadreceivedabookfromthiswoman.Aletter,whichwishedhimcourageandsafety,camewiththebook.Hediscoveredthatmanyofhisfriends,alsointhearmy,hadreceivedtheidenticalbookfromthewoman,HollisMeynell.Andwhiletheyallgotstrengthfromit,andappreciatedhersupportoftheircause,JohnBlandfordwastheonlypersontowriteMs.Meynellback.Onthedayofhisdeparture,toadestinationoverseaswherehewouldfightinthewar,hereceivedherreply.Aboardthecargoshipthatwastakinghimintoenemyterritory,hestoodonthedeckandreadherlettertohimagainandagain.Forthirteenmonths,shehadfaithfullywrittentohim.Whenhislettersdidnotarrive,shewroteanyway,withoutdeerease.Duringthedifficultdaysofwar,herlettersnourishedhimandgavehimcourage.Aslongashereceivedlettersfromher,hefeltasthoughhecouldsurvive.Afterashorttime,hebelievedhelovedher,andshelovedhim.Itwasasiffatehadbroughtthemtogether.Butwhenheaskedherforaphoto,shedeclinedhisrequest.Sheexplainedherobjection:HIfyourfeelingsformehaveanyreality,anyhonestbasis,whatIlooklikewon'tmatter.SupposeI'mbeautiful.I'dalwaysbebotheredbythefeelingthatyoulovedmeformybeauty,andthatkindoflovewoulddisgustme.SupposeI'mplain.ThenI'dalwaysfearyouwerewritingtomeonlybecauseyouwerelonelyandhadnooneelse.Eitherway,Iwouldforbidmyselffromlovingyou.WhenyoucometoNewYorkandyouseeme,thenyoucanmakeyourdecision.Remember,bothofusarefreetostoportogoonafterthat—ifthat'swhatwechoose…”Oneminutetosix...Blandford*sheartleaped.Ayoungwomanwascomingtowardhim,andhefeltaconnectionwithherrightaway.Herfigurewaslongandthin,herspectaculargoldenhairlaybackincurlsfromhersmallears.Hereyeswereblueflowers;herlipshadagentlefirmness.Inherfancygreensuitshewaslikespringtimecomealive.Hestartedtowardher,entirelyforgettingtonoticethatshewasn'twearingarose,andashemoved,asmall,warmsmileformedonherlips."Goingmyway,soldier?"sheasked.Uncontrollably,hemadeonestepclosertoher.ThenhesawHollisMeynelLShewasstandingalmostdirectlybehindthegirl,awomanwellpastforty,andafossiltohisyoungeyes,herhairsportingpatchesofgray.Shewasmorethanfat;herthicklegsshookastheymoved.Butsheworearedroseonherbrowncoat.Thegirlinthegreensuitwaswalkingquicklyawayandsoonvanishedintothefog.Blandfordfeltasthoughhisheartwasbeingcompressedintoasmallcementball,sostrongwashisdesiretofoilowthegirl,yetsodeepwashislongingforthewomanwhosespirithadtrulycompanionedandbroughtwarmthtohisown;andthereshestood.Herpale,fatfacewasgentleandintelligent;hecouldseethatnow.Hergrayeyeshadawarm,kindlylook.Blandfordresistedtheurgetofollowtheyoungerwoman,thoughitwasnoteasytodoso.Hisfingersheldthebookshehadsenttohimbeforehewentofftothewar,whichwastoidentifyhimtoHollisMeynell.Thiswouldnotbelove.However,itwouldbesomethingprecious,somethingperhapsevenlesscommonthanlove—afriendshipforwhichhehadbeen,andwouldalwaysbe,thankfui.Heheldthebookouttowardthewoman."I'mJohnBlandford,andyou—youareMs.Meynell.I'msogladyoucouldmeetme.MayItakeyoutodinner?"Thewomansmiled."Idon'tknowwhatthisisallabout,son,"sheanswered."Thatyoungladyinthegreensuit—theonewhojustwentby—beggedmetowearthisroseonmycoat.Andshesaidthatifyouaskedmetogooutwithyou,Ishouldtellyouthatshe'swaitingforyouinthatbigrestaurantnearthehighway.Shesaiditwassomekindofatest."Unte5WeepingforMySmokingDaughter)Mydaughtersmokes.Whilesheisdoingherhomework,herfeetonthebenchinfrontofherandhercalculatorclickingoutanswerstohergeometryproblems,Iamlookingatthehalf-emptypackageofCamelstossedcarelesslycloseathand.Ipickthemup,takethemintothekitchen,wherethelightisbetter,andstudythem—theyarefiltered,forwhichIamgrateful.Myheartfeelsterrible.Iwanttoweep.Infact,Idoweepalittle,standingtherebythestoveholdingoneoftheinstruments,sowhite,sopreciselyrolled,thatcouldcausemydaughter'sdeath.WhenshesmokedMarlborosandPlayersIhardenedmyselfagainstfeelingsobad;nobodyIkneweversmokedthesebrands.Shedoesn'tknowthis,butitwasCamelsthatmyfather,hergrandfather,smoked.Butbeforehesmokedcigarettesmadebymanufacturers—whenhewasveryyoungandverypoor,withglowingeyes-hesmokedPrinceAlberttobaccoincigarettesherolledhimself.Irememberthebright-redtobaccotin,withapictureofQueenVictoria'spartner,PrinceAlbert,dressedinablackdresscoatandcarryingacane.Bythelatefortiesandearlyfiftiesnoonerolledhisownanymore(andfewwomensmoked)inmyhometownofEatonton,Georgia.Thetobaccoindustry,coupledwithHollywoodmoviesinwhichbothmaleandfemaleheroessmokedlikechimneys,completelywonoverpeoplelikemyfather,whowerehopelesslyhookedbycigarettes.Henever1ookedasfashionableasPrinceAlbert,though;hecontinuedtolooklikeapoor,overweight,hardworkingcoloredmanwithtoolargeafamily,black,withaverywhitecigarettestuckinhismouth.Idonotrememberwhenhestartedtocough.Perhapsitwasunnoticeableatfirst,alittlecoughinginthemorningashelithisfirstcigaretteupongettingoutofbed.BythetimeIwassixteen,mydaughter'sage,hisbreathwasawheeze,embarrassingtohear;hecouldnotclimbstairswithoutrestingeverythirdorfourthstep.Itwasnotunusualforhimtocoughforanhour.Myfatherdiedfrom"thepoorman'sfriend",pneumonia,onehardwinterwhenhislungillnesseshadlefthimlow.Idoubthehadmuchlungleftatall,aftercoughingforsomanyyears.Hehadsolittlebreaththat,duringhislastyears,hewasalwaysleaningonsomething.Irememberedonce,atafamilyreunion,whenmydaughterwastwo,thatmyfatherpickedherupforaminute—longenoughformetophotographthem-buttheeffortwasobvious.Neartheveryendofhislife,andlargelybecausehehadnomorelungs,hequitsmoking.Hegainedacoupleofpounds,butbythenhewassoslimthatnoonenoticed.WhenItraveltoThirdWorldcountriesIseemanypeoplelikemyfatheranddaughter.Therearelargeadvertisementsignsdirectedatthemboth:thetough,confidentorfashionableolderman,thebeautiful,"worldly"youngwoman,bothdraggingaway.Inthesepoorcountries,asinAmericaninnercitiesandonreservations,moneythatshouldbespentforfoodgoesinsteadtothetobaccocompanies;overtime,peoplestarvethemselvesofbothfoodandair,effectivelyweakeningandhookingtheirchildren,eventuallykillingthemselves.Ireadinthenewspaperandinmygardeningmagazinethattheendsofcigarettesaresopoisonousthatifababyswallowsone,itislikelytodie,andthattheboiledwaterfromabunchofthemmakesaneffectiveinsecticide.Thereisadeephurtthat1feelasamother.Somedaysitisafeelingofuselessness.IrememberhowcarefullyIatewhenIwaspregnant,howpatientlyItaughtmydaughterhowtocrossastreetsafely.Forwhat,1sometimeswonder;sothatshecanstruggletobreathethroughmostofherlifefeelinghalfherstrength,andthendieofself-poisoning,ashergrandfatherdid?Thereisaquotationfromabatteredwomen'sshelterthatIespeciallylike:"Peaceonearthbeginsathome."1believeeverythingdoes.1thinkofaquotationforpeopletryingtostopsmoking:"Everyhomeisanosmokingzone."Smokingisaformofself-batteringthatalsobattersthosewhomustsitby,occasionallyjokeorcomplain,andhelplesslywatch.IrealizenowthatasachildIsatby,throughtheyears,andliterallywatchedmyfatherkillhimself:surelyonesuchvictoryinmyfamily,fortheprosperousleaderswhoownthetobaccocompanies,isenough.Uint6aForherfirsttwenty-fouryears,she'dbeenknownasDebbie—anamethatdidn'tsuithergoodlooksandelegantmanner."MynamehasalwaysmademethinkIshouldbeacook,"shecomplained."Ijustdon'tfeellikeaDebbie."Oneday,whilefillingoutanapplicationformforapublishingjob,theyoungwomanimpulsivelysubstitutedhermiddlename,Lynne,forherfirstnameDebbie."ThatwasthesmartestthingIeverdid,"shesaysnow."AssoonasIstoppedcallingmyselfDebbie,Ifeltmorecomfortablewithmyself...andotherpeoplestartedtotakememoreseriously."Twoyearsafterhersuccessfuljobinterview,theformerwaitressisnowasuccessfulmagazineeditor.FriendsandassociatescallherLynne.Naturally,thenamechangedidn'tcauseDebbie/Lynne'sprofessionalachievement一butitsurelyhelpedifonlybyaddingabitofself-confidencetohertalentsSocialscientistssaythatwhatyou'recalledcanaffectyourlife.Throughouthistory,nameshavenotmerelyidentifiedpeoplebutalsodescribedthem."Ashisnameis,soishe."saystheBible,andWebster'sDictionaryincludesthefollowingdefinitionofname:"awordorwordsexpressingsomequalityconsideredcharacteristicordescriptiveofapersonorathing,oftenexpressingapprovalordisapproval".Notewell"approvalordisapproval".Forbetterorworse,qualitiessuchasfriendlinessorreserve,plainnessorcharmmaybesuggestedbyyournameandconveyedtootherpeoplebeforetheyevenmeetyou.Namesbecomeattachedtospecificimages,asanyonewho'sbeencalled"aplainJane"or"justanaverageJoe"canshow.ThelatternameparticularlybothersmesincemynameisJoe,whichsomethinkmakesmemorequalifiedtobeabaseballplayerthan,say,anartcritic.Yet,despitethisdisadvantage,Ididmanagetobecomeanartcriticforatime.Evenso,oneprominentmagazineconsistentlyrefusedtoprint"Joe"inmyby-line,usingmyfirstinitials,J.S.,instead.IsuspectthatifIwereamorerefinedArthurorAdrian,thenamewouldhaveappearedcomplete.Ofcourse,nameswithapositivesensecanworkforyouandevenencouragenewacquaintances.ArecentsurveyshowedthatAmericanmenthoughtSusantobethemostattractivefemalename,whilewomenbelievedRichardandDavidwerethemostattractiveformen.OnewomanIknowturneddownablinddatewithamannamedHarrybecause"hesoundeddull**.Severaleveningslater,shecameuptomeataparty,pressingforanintroductiontoaveryimpressiveman;they'dbeenexchangingglancesallevening."Oh,"Isaid."YoumeanHarry."Shewasillatease.Thoughmostofuswouldliketothinkourselvesfreefromsuchprejudicednotions,we'reallguiltyofnamestereotypingtosomeextent.<p18><28>Confess</28>:Wouldn'tyoubesurprisedtomeeta<29>carpenter</29>namedNigel?A<30>physicist</30>namedBertha?A<31>Pope</31>Mel?Often,<pl9>weprojectname-basedstereotypesonpeople,<p20>asonewomanfrienddiscoveredwhiletakingchargeofa<33>nurseryschool</33>'sgroupoffour-year-olds."ThereIwas,tryingtogetalittleactiveboynamedJuliantositquietlyandreadabook—<p21>andpushinga<34>thoughtful</34><35>creature</35>namedRorytoplayball.Ihadtheirpersonalitiesconfusedbecauseoftheirnames!"Apparently,suchprejudicescanaffectclassroomachievementaswell.InastudyconductedbyHerbertHarariofSanDiegoStateUniversity,andJohnMcDavidofGeorgiaStateUniversity,teachersgaveconsistentlylowergradesonessaysapparentlywrittenbyboysnamedElmerandHubertthanthey<36>awarded</36>tothesamepaperswhenthewriters'namesweregivenasMichaelandDavid.However,teacherprejudiceisn'ttheonlysourceofclassroomdifference.<37>Dr</37>.ThomasV.BusseandLouisaSeraydarianofrlempleUniversityfoundthosegirlswithnamessuchasLinda,Diane,Barbara,Carol,andCindy<p22>performedbetteron<39>objectively</39>gradedIQandachievementteststhandidgirlswithless<40>appealing</40>names.(Acompanionstudyshowedgirls'<41>popularity</41>withtheirpeerswasalsorelatedtothepopularityoftheirnames—althoughtheconnectionwaslessclearforboys.)Thoughyourparentsprobablymeantyournametolastalifetime,rememberthatwhentheypickeditthey'dhardlymetyou,andthehopesanddreamstheyvaluedwhentheychoseitmaynotmatchyours.Ifyournamenolongerseemstofityou,don't<42>despair</42>;<p23>youaren'tstuckwiththe<43>label</43>.Moviestarsregularlychangetheirnames,andwithsomedetermination,youcan,too.Unit7a<pl>Ifyouoftenfeelangryand<1>overwhelmed</1>,likethestressinyourlifeis<2>spinning</2>outofcontrol,thenyoumaybehurtingyourheart.Ifyoudon'twanttobreakyourownheart,youneedtolearntotakechargeofyourlifewhereyoucan—andrecognizetherearemanythingsbeyondyourcontrol.<p2>SosaysDr.RobertS.Eliot,authorofanewbook<3>titled</3>FromStresstoStrength:<em>HowtoLightenYourLoadandSaveYourLifie</em>.He*sa