大学四级模拟1103

大学英语四级考试模拟试卷（七）PartIWritingDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayentitledOnConservingEnergy.Youshouldwriteatleastl20wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:.能源短缺问题已经非常严重；.可以采取节能措解决能源短缺问题；.你的看法。PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionscAiinswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.ARoofoverOurHeadsManhasthreebasicneeds:food,clothing,andshelter.Ifamanlivesinawarmclimate,clothingisnotabsolutelynecessary.However,mancannotlivewithoutfood,and,hehaslittlechanceofsurvivalwithoutshelter.Mankindneedssheltertoprotecthimfromtheweather,wildanimals,insects,andhisenemies.Longbeforeman1earnedhowtobui1dhouses,helookedfornaturalshelters,astheanimalsdid.Hefoundthathecouldprotecthimselfbyclimbingupintotreesorbycrouchingundertheoverhangingedgesofcliffs,orbycrawlingintocaves.Thefirstsheltersorhomesactuallybuiltbymanwereverysimple.Forhisbuildingmaterials,heusedwhathecouldfindeasi1yaroundhim:rocks,treebranches,driedgrasses,animalskins.Itwasalongtime,however,beforemanbegantobuildpermanentsheltersbecause,untilmanlearnedtofarm,helivedbyhunting.And,inordertofollowgame,hehadtobeabletomovefromonehuntinggroundtoanother.Thus,thefirstman-madeshelterswerethosethatcouldbeeasilytransported.Thefirstpermanentshelterswereprobablybuilttwentytofortythousandyearsagobyfisheatingpeoplewholivedinoneplaceaslongasthefishsupplylasted.Fish-eaterscouldstayinoneplaceforseveralyears.However,oncemanlearnedtofarm,hecouldlivelongerinoneplace.Thus,hewasabletobuildapermanenthome.Onceagain,hebuilthishomewiththematerialshefoundathand.InEgypt,forexample,woodwasscarce,somosthouseswerebuiltofbricksmadeofdriedmud,witharoofsupportedbypalmtreeminks.WhentheNorsemencamefromScandinaviatonorthernEurope,theyfoundmanyforests,sotheybuilthomeswithaframeworkofheavybelievethattheenergyshortagewillcauseseriousproblemsandevencrisis.Conservingenergyisoneofthemeasureswhichhavebeentakentosolvetheproblemofenergyshortage.Forexample,somecountrieshaveadaylightsavingsystemtouselesselectricityforlighting.Also,somecitieshaveenforcedsomefacilitiesforsavingwateratpublicplacessuchasrestroomsandbars.Stillmore,somehaveenforcedseriouspenaltiesonoveruseofelectricity,water,andfarmingland.Bythesemeans,peoplehopethedrainonenergyresourcescouldbesloweddown.Inaword,itishightimethatseriousconsiderationwasgiventoconservingenergy.Onlythroughimmediateandeffectiveaction,canwehumanbeingssurviveandenjoylifeasdesired.［评析］节能是当前备受关注的一个话题，因此可说的内容很多，紧紧围绕提纲要求进行阐述是本文的鲜明特点。文章首段直截了当地提出能源短缺这样一个话题，中间段概括说明节能是解决能源短缺问题的重要措施之一，运用并列型扩展法介绍了几种节能措施。末尾段重申主题，再次强调问题的紧迫性和严重性。本文词语和句型运用自如。如第二段的列举法虽然没有使用first,second等词语，但使用了Also,stillmore,使整个段落看起来内容充实，条理清楚。结尾段使用了此类分析问题的作文的典型结尾句型“itishightimethat,,"0PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning).［答案］D［解析］本文没有次标题，判断这道主旨题的答案可以根据文章标题和文中的高频词shelter和houses。直接根据第一段的最后一句也能判断选项D为答案。.［答案］A［解析］根据题干中的firstpermanentshelters定位第三段首句，选项A明显是答案。.［答案］C［定位］根据题干中的专有名词theEskimos和winter查找到第四段倒数第二句。［解析］选项C为原文的同义表达。A是他们天气暖和时住的地方。.［答案］B［定位］根据题干中的steepthatchedroofs查找到第七段。［解析］rain在三句话中出现了三遍(drainofftherain,drainoffthejunglerains,shedsrain),故选项B为答案。.［答案］A［定位］根据题干中的cliffdwellersoftheAmericanSouthwest查找到第十段尾句。［解析］结合段落主题句及第二句，可判断选项A为答案。.［答案］D［解析］根据题干中的醒目数字1666找到倒数第二段第三句，选项D为答案。.［答案］C［解析］根据题干中的urgentproblem和city-dwellers定位末尾段（且全文只有这一段与现代人有关），结合最后两句可判断选项C正确。.［答案］transported［定位］这是对firstman-madeshelters的表述，故可定位于文章的前面部分。［解析］根据第二段尾句可知本题答案为该段最后一词transportedo.［答案］aframeworkofheavytreetrunks［定位］这是对Norsemen建造房屋的方式的表述，故可定位于第四段。［解析］根据第四段首句WhentheNorsemencamefromScandinaviatonorthernEurope,theyfoundmanyforests,sotheybuilthomeswithaframeworkofheavytreetrunksandtheyfilledthespacebetweenthetrunkswithclay可判断下划线部分为本题答案。.［答案］theframeworkiscurved［定位］这是对Nomads建造房屋的方式的表述，故可定位于倒数第四段。［解析］根据倒数第四段第四旬Thehouseisroundbecausetheframeworkiscurved可知本题答案为原文的原因状语从句中的信息。SectionA.［答案］C［解析:根据句子结构分析可知此处需要一个及物动词作谓语，主语为authors,且前面的问句用can开头，说明是一般现在时，可选范围缩小到C^D、H,而Yes说明是一个肯定的回答，故可确定正确答案为C。.［答案］N［解析］或据句子结构分析可知这里需要一个副词作句子的状语，可选范围为G和N,因为前面有more这个表示比较级的单词，而consequently无比较级，结合文章主题，故可确定正确答案为No.［答案］E［解析1此处需要一个动词过去分词，可选范围为E、J、K和L,根据文章的主题money对happiness的影响，并结合下文与不定式tobuy的搭配，可确定正确答案为Eo.［答案］H［解析］这里需要一个动词原形作that从句的谓语，可选范围为D和H,根据上文ratherthanpromotingoverallhappiness可判断空白处应填单词Ho.［答案］A［解析］这里需要一个形容词或相当于形容词功能的单词，可选范围为A、BJ>K和L,根据前面的谓语动词maintain可确定答案为A。.［答案］J［解析］这里需要一个形容词或动词的现在或过去分词，可选范围为B、I、J^K和L,根据下文attheAmericanSociologicalAssociation's100thAnnualMeeting可确定正确答案为Jo.［答案］B根据前面的rich这里需要填入一个同义形容词来修饰fellows,可确定正确答案为Bo.［答案］K［解析］这里需要填入一个动词的过去分词，可选范围为K和L,根据上文becominganincreasinglyhottopicfordebate可确定正确答案为K。.［答案］F［解析］这里需要填入一个名词或动名词，可选范围为F、M和0,根据上文purchasegoodsandservices可确定正确答案为F。.［答案］M［解析］根据后置定语aged,此处需要填入一个指人的名词，可确定答案为M。SectionB.［答案］B［解析］至旨题。整篇文章其实都是围绕着president这个关键词展开的，讲的主要是美国总统的繁忙工作和被限制和监督了的职权等，意在说明美国总统其实并不好当，故答案为Bo.［答案］D［解析］细节题。根据题干中的ConstitutionfllPresidentmust定位到3条要求之前，D是对3条要求的概括，为答案。.［答案］C［解析:推断题。分别对四个选项进行定位，根据第三段第一句“thevoterscertainlyconsidermanyothers可推断答案为Co.［答案］B［解析:细节题。最后一段主要讲的是美国宪法所规定的“三权分立”，B是对中间一句TheConstitutionstatesthepowersanddutiesofthePresidency;italsotellshoweachbranchoftheGovernmentistocheckthepowersoftheothertwo的同义概括，为本题答案。.［答案］A［解析］语义题。根据上文checkthepowersoftheothertwoinordertobalancethepowers可知其目的是为了监督和平衡三方的权力，也就是说各尽其职而不是滥用职权，故这里的abusing意为，isusing（滥用）用答案为Ao.［答案］A［解析］主旨题。文章围绕第一个femalesportswriter的故事和经历进行描述和展开，故答案为Ao.［答案］C［解析］语义题。根据后面的example的描述可知作为女性spotswriter的先驱，其难度是相当大的，故答案为Co.［答案］B［解析］细节题。对四个选项分别进行定位，根据第六段第一句JoanendedupinterviewingCribbs--outsidethelockerroom可知答案Bo注意：选项C前半部分是正确的，但后半部分说afootballcoachtohelpherfather就不对了，因为原句中acoachforadad其实是指她有一个做教练的爸爸，故选项C为误。本题答案为Bo.［答案］A［解析］细节题。根据最后两句don'tletanyonekeepyoufromdoingwhatyouwanttodo.Justpretendyouhavecourage可知A为正确答案。.［答案］D［解析］推断题。根据第五段破折号中间的部分whereallsportswritersinterviewathletes可知lockerroom并不是女性的禁地,而只是因为以前从来没有过womanspotswriter,故选项A为误；根据第三段“Soonafterdescribingherambitiontoaco-worker,theeditorofherpaperreassignedJoantothespotsdepartment.v可知Joan只是向一个同事表达过当sportswriter的愿望，而不是直接提出申请的，故选项B为误；选项c中JoeCribbs的态度在文中没有涉及，也无法进行推测，故为误。根据第四段最后两句（尤其是括号中的内容）可知答案为DoPartVCloze.［答案］B［解析］completely修饰new表示“全新的，崭新的”。本句意为“20世纪60年代，8所全新的大学建立起来了”。.［答案］D［解析］本题考查动词与介词的搭配。选项中只有convert后面可以加into表示“转化成为”。.［答案］A［解析］根据“从70000到200000多”，可以判断“在同一时期学生的数量不止翻了一倍"，故选morethan。.［答案］B［解析］□本题考查习惯表达。根据后面一句的itsown可知是私立学校，“私立的”用private表达，不用其他的形容词。.［答案］C［解析:本题考查上下文词义搭配。including作介词，意思为“包括”；consist„of表示“由,”，组成“。.［答案］D［解析］本题考查固定短语辨异。aswellas“以及”，用来连接前后几种人。其他词与as„as搭配，意思均不符合上下文。.［答案］A［解析1本题考查动宾搭配。四个选项中只有offer”提供，给予”可以以grant“拨款”作宾语。其他选项的意思分别为：exert”施加（压力）”；impose“强迫，强加；课税,惩罚”，supply”供给,供应”。.［答案］A［解析］本题考查动词辨义。derivedfrom“从”得来”,与宾语stategrants“政府拨款”搭配，符合前文意思。arise”呈现；出现；发生”；prevent"阻止"；survive"幸存"。.［答案］D［解析］本题考查名词辨义。fund“资金”，这里是说“大学从政府的拨款中获得全部的资金“。suggestions“建议"；grades；“成绩”；profits“利润”o.［答案］B［解析］本题考查近义名词辨异。fees常指”（交给学校或类似机构的）固定费用；学费”，符合本句句意：学生得支付学习和生活费用。fares是“车船费”；expenses"消耗，花费；花费的钱，费用"，与and后面的livingcosts形成总分关系而非并列关系；tips是“小费”。.［答案］C［解析］本题考查动宾搭配。这里需要的词作为receive的宾语，而且是来自localauthority的,应该是grant“补助金”。其他选项的意思分别为:proposal“建议”；charge"收费”；account“账户”°.［答案］C［解析］本题考查上下文逻辑关系。本句句意为：每名学生都可以从当地政府得到助学金,,,,他的父母能够很轻松地负担这些费用。选unless“除非”最合适。lest“以免”后面应该是“父母负担不起”。.［答案］D［解析］根据前一题的句意分析，选afford“买得起，负担得起”。.［答案］D［解析］本题考查上下文逻辑关系。前面说大多数学生在暑假打工大约六星期，后面说在学期期间他们一般不在外面工作，之间应该是转折关系。.［答案］B［解析］根据前一句的句意分析，此处应该选during,与inthesummero形成对比。.［答案］A［解析］本题考查固定搭配的识别。takeresponsibilityfor”对，m承担责任”。.［答案］C［解析］本题考查动宾搭配。选项中只有exercise可以以control为宾语，表示“施行控制”。其他选项意思分别为：expect“期待”，practice"实践"，appoint“指派”。.［答案］C［解析］本题考查固定短语haveaninfluenceon"对",，产生影响”的识别。impact往往指具有冲击力的“影响”。.［答案］B［解析］本题考查动宾搭配。选项中常与funds“资金”搭配的动词为distribute“分配”。其他选项的意思分别为：distract”分散（注意力），使（人）分心"，scatter“（使）散开,（使）分散；驱散"，specify”详述;指定”。.［答案］B［解析］本题考查固定搭配becomposedof”由，小组成”的识别。PartVITranslation答案］acharmthatcouldn,tbefoundinabigcity［译文］这座可爱的古镇具有一种在大城市里找不到的魅力。［解析］本题主要考查定语从句及被动语态。如果不用被动语态的话，需要自行补充主语，译为acharmthatyoucouldn，tfindinabigcity。1答案］morethangoingsightseeing［译文］从前，富人们喜欢狩猎野物取乐，胜过四处观光。［解析］根据“胜过”判断，本题考查比较句型。句子的基本结构为likedoingAmorethandoingB；than之后应该为动名词。“观光”的经典表达为gosightsceingo"四处”不必译出，因为gosightseeing已经包含了这层意思。.［答案］can*thavebeencleaned［译文］这个房间里乱七八糟，肯定没打扫过。［解析］本题考查情态动词加完成时，表示对过去动作的否定猜测。断然的否定猜测要用can't+完成时。另外，本句需要用被动语态。如果是对过去动作的肯定猜测，用must+完成时，表示“肯定发生了。其他情态动词后接完成时所表达的意义如下:couldhavedone”本能够做到“，couldn'thavedone"本做不到"，would（not）havedone"本（不）会发生”,should（not）havedone"本（不）该做（表达后悔、责备语气）"；may/might（not）havedone”本可能（没）做过”,needn'thavedone“本不必做”。这些都是常考考点。.［答案］ashelikeshisgirlfriend［译文］尽管他非常喜欢自己的女友，但有时候也会生她的气。［解析］本题考查让步倒装结构。根据句首的副词much判断，后接as引导的让步状语从句，因为as引导让步状语从句时要求修饰主语的形容词或者修饰谓语的副词前置到句首。.［答案］fortheexitasquicklyaspossible［译文］当意识到警方已经发现他的时候，那名男子尽快朝出口走去。［解析］本题考查动词短语及方式状语的表达。题干中己经有一个动词made,但是要想表达“朝”走去”，还需要接介词for,构成短语。同义短语为headfor。”尽可能,,”的译法为as+adj./adv.+aspossible。treethinksandtheyfilledthespacebetweenthetrunkswithclay.TheEskimos,ontheotherhand,livedinalandwheretherewas1ittleornowood.Theylearnedtoadapttheirhomesperfectlytotheirsurroundings.Inthewintertime,wheneverythingwascoveredwithsnowandice,theEskimosbuilttheirhomeswithblocksofice.Whenthewarmweathercameandmeltedtheice,theEskimoslivedinatentmadeofanimalskins.Theweatherisman,sworstnaturalenemy.Hehastoprotecthimselffromextremesofheatandcoldandfromstorms,windandrain.Wheretheweatherishotanddry,thehouseisgenerallymadeofclaybrick.Thewindowsaresmallandhighup,sothattheheatstaysoutside.Thereisoftenaflatroof,wherepeoplecanfindacoolplacetosleep.Inhot,humidareas,ontheotherhand,peopleneedtobeprotectedfromtherain,aswellastheheat.Insuchplaces,housesarebuiltwithwide,overhangingroofs,balconiesorverandas（走廊）.Wheretherearetorrentialrains,housesareeitherbuiltonpilestokeepthemofftheground,ortheyhavesteepthatched（草屋顶的）roofstodrainofftherain.PeoplelivingintheCongoRiverregionhavefoundthatsteep,heavily-thatchedroofsdrainoffthejunglerainsmorequickly.OtherpeopleinAfricahavefoundthataroofofbroad1eavesshedsrainquickly.TnBorneo,housesarebuiltonhighpoststoprotectpeoplefromdampness.AndtherearetribesinMalayawhobuildtheirhomesintheforkedbranchesoftrees,andclimbuptotheirhousesonbambooladders.Innortherncountries,peoplebuildhousestoprotectthemselvesfromcoldandsnow.Theirhousesarebuiltofsturdymaterials,andtheroofsaresteep,sothatthesnowwillslideoff.Therearealsooverhangingeaves（屋檐）tokeepthesnowfrompilingupnexttothehouse.And,innorthernSiberia,wheresnowfal1isextremelyheavy,theroofsevenhaveafunnel-shaped（漏半状的）platformtoprotectthechimneysfromdriftingsnow.Protectionfromdangerhasalsoinfluencedthetypeofhousemanbuilds.Whenenemiesthreatenedhim,manmadehishouseasinaccessibleaspossible.Thetree-dwellersofthePhilippinesprotectthemselvesbylivinghighabovetheground.Whendangerthreatens,theyremovetheladdersleadingtotheirhomes.ThecliffdwellersoftheAmericanSouthwestbuilttheirhomeshighuponthesidesofcliffs,whereaccesswasverydifficult.Nomad（游牧的）tribesmustmovefromplacetoplace,takingcareofflocksofsheepthatarealwaysinneedoffreshgrass.Theirhousesmustbesimpleandeasytotransport.ThenomadsofcentralAsiahavedevelopedahousemadeofaframeworkofpolescoveredwithfelt(毛毡).Thehouseisroundbecausetheframeworkiscurved.Thepolesarefastenedtogetheratthetopwithawoodenring,andthereisaholeatthetoptoletthesmokeout.InEuropethereareveryfewwoodenhousesbeingbuilttoday.Thisispartlybecausewoodisnolongerasplentifulasitoncewas,andpartlybecausewoodenhousesarequiteinflammable(易燃的).Ontheotherhand,therearemanywoodenhousesinAmerica.Thisisbecausethefirstsettlerswantedtobuildhousesquicklyandinexpensively.Sincethecountrywascoveredinmanyplaceswithforests,sometreeshadtobecutdowntomakeroomforhouses.Housesinmanycitiesusedtobemadeofwood.However,sincethehouseswereveryclosetogether,firecouldeasilyspreadfromonehousetoanother.Thereweredisastrousfiresinsomecities,suchasthegreatfireofLondonin1666.Whentheburned-outcitieswererebuilt,woodwasstillusedfortheframesandtheroofs,butstonesorbrickswereusedforwalls.Therearesomanypeoplelivinginsomecitiesthatitisoftenverydifficulttofindaplacetolive,andifonedoesfindaplaceitisoftentoosmall.Andmanyofthehousesaretoooldanduncomfortable.Justasinprehistorictimes,findingagoodplacetolivecontinuestobeoneofman,smosturgentproblems.Whatdoesthepassagefocuson?A)Man,sthreebasicneeds.B)Developmentofroofs.C)Man*sself-protectionmethods.D)Man'sneedforhousing.Whoprobablybuiltthefirstpermanentshelters?A)Fish-eaters.B)Hunters.C)Lumbermen.D)Farmers.WheredotheEskimosliveinwinter?A)Intentsmadeofanimalskins.B)Inwoodedhousescoveredbyice.C)Inhousesmadeoficeblocks.D)Insnow-coveredhollowtreetrunks.What'sthemainfunctionofsteepthatchedroofs?A)Tokeepoffextraheat.B)Toshedjunglerains.C)Tobeautifythebuildings.D)Toshowoffowners,wealth.WhydidthecliffdwellersoftheAmericanSouthwestbuildtheirhomessohighup?A)Toprotectthemselvesfromenemies.B)Tohaveagoodviewofthevalleybelow.C)Togetmoresunshineandfreshair.D)Toescapefromtheurbannoise.WhatdisasterstruckLondonin1666?A)War.B)Earthquake.C)Flood.D)Greatfire.Whaturgentproblemdosomecity-dwellersstillhavetofacenow?A)Findingasafeplacetolivein.B)Findingaquietplacetolivein.C)Findingacomfortableplacetolivein.D)Findingamodernplacetolivein.Thefirstman-madeshelterscouldbeeasily.TheNorsemenbuiIthomeswithandfilledthespacewithclay.ThehousebuiltbyNomadsofCentralAsiaisroundbecauseQuestions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Canmoneybuyhappiness?Yes,(47)theauthorsofanewstudy-butonlyuptoapoint.Psychologyhasshownthatricherpeoplegenerallyranktheoverallqualityoftheirlivesmore(48)thanpoorerpeopledo.Atthesametime,theiractualhappinessseemstobe(49)lessbytheirabilitytobuymorethanbybeingabletokeepupwiththosewithcomparableresourcesintheirownagegroup.〃0urfindingspointtothepossibilitythat,ratherthanpromotingoverallhappiness,continuedincomegrowthcould(50)anongoingconsumptionracewherepeoplehavetoconsumemoreandmore,justtomaintaina(51)levelofhappiness,writesGlennFirebaughofPennsylvaniaStateUniversity.Thestudywas(52)attheAmericanSociologicalAssociation，s100thAnnualMeeting.Whetherthericharehappierasawholethantheirless(53)fellowsisbecominganincreasinglyhottopicfordebate.Recentyearshave(54)manywritingsonthe"scienceofhappiness.〃Richerpeoplearehappierbecausemoneycanhelppurchasegoodsandservicesanditisthe(55)ofthesematerialsthatincreasesone'senjoymentoflifeandone，ssenseofwell-being.Firebaughandhiscolleaguesmeasuredtheage,totalfamilyincome,andgeneralhappinessof(56)aged20to54,general1yconsideredtheworkinglifespan(工作寿命)formostAmericans.Regardlessofsuchstandardsasphysicalhealth,education,andmaritaistatus(婚姻状况)，people'shappinesswasaffectedbywhatothersearned.Thehighertheincomeofothersinone,sagegroup,thelowerone'shappiness.A)constantB)wealthyC)claimD)denyE)motivatedF)consumptionG)consequently11)implementI)automaticJ)presentedK)witnessedL)rejectedM)individualsN)favorably0)challengingSectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondinglettercAinswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ThepresidentoftheUnitedStateshasoneofthetoughestjobsintheworld.Hardlyanyoneelseiswatchedsocloselybysomanypeople.Reportersfollowthepresidentpatiently,eagerforhisopiniononeverythingfromnuclearwarheadstotheoutcomeofafootballmatch.Thepresidentmustbecarefulatalltimesthathisanswerstoreporters'questionsreflecthispolicies.Inaddition,whereverthepresidentmaygo,heneverforamomentescapestheresponsibilitiesofhisoffice.Theeveningnewsmayshowhimonaworkingvacation,buttheworkisalwayswithhim.Thejobseemstodemandapersonofoutstandingabi1ity,soyoumightthinktheUSConstitution(宪法)wouldcontainalonglistofjobqualifications.However,itlistsonlythree.ArticleII,Section1oftheConstitutionstatesthatthePresidentmust:beanatural-borncitizenoftheUnitedStates;beatleast35yearsold;havebeentheresidentoftheUnitedStatesfor14years.WhileConstitutionlistsonlythreequalificationsforthePresident,thevoterscertainlyconsidermanyothers.Amongtheseareintelligence,goodhealth,experienceingovernment,abilitytoleadothers,knowledgeofnationalandworldaffairs,personality,abilitytospeakwell,andpersuasiveness.ThePresidentistheChiefExecutiveoftheUnitedStatesandheadstheexecutivebranchoftheGovernment.However,thePresidentmustsharepowerwithmembersoftheothertwobranchesofGovernment:thelegislative.(立法的)branch,ortheCongress;andthejudicial(司法的)branch,orthefederalcourts.TheConstitutionstatesthepowersanddutiesofthePresidency;italsotellshoweachbranchoftheGovernmentistocheckthepowersoftheothertwoinordertobalancethepowersandpreventanysinglebranchfromabusingitspower.ThissystemofchecksandbalanceswasdesignedbythewritersoftheConstitutionbecausetheydidnotwantanyonepersonorbranchoftheGovernmenttogaintoomuchpower.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe.AGoodSystemADifficultJobTheUSPresidentandtheConstitutionThreeBranchesoftheUSGovernmentAccordingtothepassage,theUSPresidentmust.beengagedineverythingfromnuclearwarheadstotheoutcomeofallfootballmatchesbeapersonofoutstandingabilitywhomeetsmanyqualificationsstatedintheConstitutionbecarefulnottomakemistakeswhenheisansweringreporters*questionsonhispoliciesbeamiddle-agednativeAmericanwithlongenoughresidenceinthecountryItcanbeinferredinthepassagethat.thePresidentoftheUnitedStatescanenjoysomeworkingvacationswhenheistootirednoAmericanBornChinesecanmeetthequalificationsforPresidentoftheUnitedStatesthePresidentoftheUnitedStatesactuallyshouldmeetmorequalificationsthanthosestatedintheConstitutionthePresidentoftheUnitedStatesisplayingaleadingroleamongallthethreebranchesoftheUSGovernmentWhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?TheUSPresidentisalwaysattentionfocusedofpeopleworldwide.ItisprescribedbylawthatGovernmentbranchessuperviseeachother.Americanpeopleexpectmoreoftheirleadersthanotherpeoplesdo.TheprocedureofpresidentialelectionintheUnitedStatesiscomplicated.Theword〃abusing“inthelastparagraphmeans.A)misusingB)chargingC)checkingD)sharingPassageTwoQuestions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.WhatmadeJoanRyandecidetobeasportswriter?”Tenyearsago,IwaseditingnewsstoriesattheOrlandoSentinelinFlorida-一myfirstjoboutofcollege.1didn'tknowanyfemalesportswriters.ButIwantedtoheone.Firstofall,thebestwritinginthepaperwassports.〃“Furthermore,Ihadthebackground.Igrewupinanathleticfamily:Threeboysandthreegirlsandacoachforadad.〃Soonafterdescribingherambitiontoaco-worker,theeditorofherpaperreassignedJoantothesportsdepartment.Today,JoanisthesportscolumnistfortheSanFranciscoExaminerinCalifornia.Whenshelandedherjobeightyearsago,shewastheonlywomansportswriteronanymajorAmericannewspaper.(Sheisnowoneinaboutsix.)Wasittoughtopioneerasafemalesportswriter?Youbet!Takeforexample,thefirsttimeJoantriedtogetaninterviewinthemen'slockerroom.〃ItwastheU.S.FootballLeague.Iwantedtointerviewoneoftheplayers,JoeCribbs,becausehehadjustbrokenafinger.AssoonasIsteppedintothelockerroom-whereallsportswritersinterviewathletes-theroomwentcrazy.Guysstartedyellingatme.Itwasreallyterrible.SuddenlyIfeltsomethingmoveupmyleg.Itwasthehandleoftherazor(剃J刀)thatsomeoneusedtocutthetape.Iyelledandwalkedout.〃JoanendedupinterviewingCribbs-outsidethelockerroom.〃Inretrospect(回顾)，Ifeelthiswasadefiningmomentformeasajournalist.Twentbackandwrotemystoryandmademyheadline.NowIknowforsurethatnothingcaninterferewithgettingthestory.”Ifyouwanttobeasportswriter,Joansuggeststhatyouread“thebestfictionwriters"andlearnhowtowritewell.Herothersuggestions:"Don'tletanyonekeepyoufromdoingwhatyouwanttodo.Justpretendyouhavecourage.〃Thepassageismainlyabout.acareerpioneerasafemalesportswriterhowtobecomeasuccessfulSportswriterhowtointerviewathletesasafemalesportswritertheworkingexperienceofafemalesportswriterTheterm〃Youbet〃inParagraph5canbebestreplacedbyA)Notatall.B)Itdepends.C)Absolutely.D)Hardtosay.Accordingtothepassage,JoanRyan.becameasportswriterimmediatelyaftershegraduatedfromcollegemanagedtointerviewCribbsthoughshehadfailedinthelockerroomhadthreebrothersandtwosistersandafootballcoachtohelpherfatherwasthesixthfemalesportswriteronallmajorAmericannewspapersasportswriter,onemustAccordingtoJoanRyan,tobecomeasportswriter,onemusthaveanabilitytofaceuptodifficultieshaveexcellentskillsinvarioussportsprogramsknowsuccessfulexperienceofothersbearsimilarbackgroundstohersWhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?NowomanisallowedtoappearinalockerroomintheUS.Joan'sapplicationforreassignmentwassoonapproved.JoeCribbswasquitewillingtobeinterviewedbyJoanRyan.Morefemalesareengagedassportswritersnow.PartVClozeDirections:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.TherearemorethanfortyuniversitiesinBritain-nearlytwiceasmanyasin1960.Duringthe1960seight(67)newoneswerefounded,andtenothernewoneswerecreatedby(68)oldcollegesoftechnologyintouniversities.Inthesameper