新标准大学英语综合教程3课文翻译和课后习题答案 unit 8课件

TextTextChineseorWestern,it’satimetorelax

1

It'sthattimeoftheyearwhentheworldseemstobecaughtinatrance–thetranceofend-of-yearcelebrations.End-of-year,Isaid.2

Theproblemseemstobeexactlythat.WhyshouldweinChinarefertotheweekbetweenDecember24and31astheendoftheyearwhenours(accordingtothelunarcalendar)isatleastamonthaway?Text

5

Forgoodorbad,theworldhaspossiblyundergonemorechangesinthepasttwodecadesthanitdidinthepasttwocenturies.Wehaveusedmoreresources,burntmorefuel,causedmorepollutionandkilledoffmoreanimalsandplantsaswehavecomeclosertoeachothertoformatrulyglobalvillage.Television,wethought,wasthelastunitingfactortillwegotafeelfortheInternet.Text

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Allthesechangeshavemadeustakeadifferentlookattheworldbeyondandourhomewithin.Nothingcomeswithoutariderinthisglobalmarket.IfwewanttobepartofthedazzleandcomfortthattheWestisknownfor,wehadbetteracceptsomeofitsanomalies,too.ThisisnottosaythatfestivalsmeansomethingelsetotheWest.Text

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BeitonthemainlandorinthehighlydevelopedWestorinthepoorestofsocieties,afestivalcarriesthesamemeaning.Peopleacrosstheworldcelebratethemwiththeirfamilyandfriends.Thebasicconceptisthesametoo,sharingafeastorahumblemeal(withafewdrinksinsomesocietieslikeoursandtheWest).Text

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Wecelebrateanoccasiontoventourfeelings,torelaxandenjoyabreakfromtheeverydayskulduggerythatlifeinthesetimeshasbecome.It'sapparentlynodifferentfromthebreakourancestorsenjoyedfromthemundaneaffairsoftheirdailylives.Text

10WecannotaffordtobeleftuntouchedbythefestivespiritoftheWest,whichdoesn'tmeanwefollowtheWestblindly.Noteverythingabouttheirculturemaybegood,butdecadenceisnotthesolepreserveoftheWest.NocultureintheworldisfreeofdecadenceandthatincludesChineseculture.Text

12Icanunderstandthezealofthesepeople.Theywanttoconserveourculture,andthatdefinitelydoesn'tmakethemwhatwegenerallyrefertoasconservatives.Theyhaveapoint.Butthey,orforthatmatteranybodyelse,cannotsaveanysocietyfromtheinfluenceofaworldgettingsmallerbytheday.Text不管是中国的节日还是西方的节日，节日是我们放松的时候

1

每年的这个时候，整个世界仿佛都陷入了一种迷狂——人们狂热地进行着岁末的庆祝活动。我说的是岁末。

2

问题就出在这儿。为什么我们中国人要把12月24日到31

日这一周作为岁末来庆祝，而我们自己的岁末（按照阴历）

至少还有一个月才到呢？Text

3

我们这么做，显然是因为圣诞节和元旦已经成了全球性

的节日，并不是因为它们（尤其是圣诞节）在本质上和精神

上主要代表了西方文化，而是因为在这几天里我们能好好放

松一下。

4

但是，圣诞节对于东方文化，尤其是中国文化的影响与日俱增，对此，一些学者和学生们表示担忧。从某种程度上讲，他们的忧虑是有道理的。的确，与几十年前相比，现在中国人花在圣诞节上的时间和精力似乎要多很多。Text5

不管是好是坏，世界在过去二十多年间所经历的变化可

能比过去两百年间所经历的还要多。为了让彼此间联系得更

紧密，营造出一个真正的地球村，我们消耗了更多的资源，

烧掉了更多的能源，造成了更多的污染，灭杀了更多的动植

物。过去，我们一直把电视看作是连接全世界的终极手段，

直到我们了解了互联网，才发现事实并非如此。Text

6

所有这些变化都让我们用另外一种眼光来看待外面的世界以及我们自己的家园。在这个全球市场中，得到任何东西都是要付出代价的。如果我们想拥有西方世界那著名的眩目而舒适的生活，我们也必须接受西方文化中的一些异常事物。当然，这并不是说节日对于西方人来说有着不同的意义。Text

7

不管是在中国大陆，还是在高度发达的西方国家，抑或是世界上最贫穷的社会，节日承载着相同的意义。世界各地的人们和家人、朋友一起庆祝节日。节日的基本概念是一样的，就是大家分享一顿盛宴或是一餐便饭（在西方或是我们的国家里，人们会小酌几杯）。Text

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世界上多数国家在日常生活中采用格列高利历，中国也是如此。所以这个历法中的节日和特殊事件注定会影响到我们。而我们，和许多南亚、东南亚、中东，或许还有一些美国土著居民一样，根据阴历来过节，而这又完全是另外一回事儿了。Text10

对于西方的节日气氛无动于衷，这我们做不到，但这也并不意味着我们要盲目跟风。西方文化不全都是好的，但同时，颓废的东西也不是西方文化所独有的。世界上没有一种文化能免于颓废，中国文化也不例外。Text

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我能够理解这些人的热情。他们想保护我们的文化，就这点而言，他们绝对不是我们通常所说的保守派。他们的观点有一定的道理。但是在这件事情上，他们和其他人一样，无法使任何社会免受日益变小的世界的影响。Text

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所以，我们不应该对西方的节日视而不见、充耳不闻，相反，我们应该取其精华，去实践这些节日所倡导的德行。我们不要忘了，耶稣诞生于东方（确切地说，是中东），而不是在西方，我们也应该记住他要我们热爱全人类，扶贫助弱。Words&Phrasesforgoodorbadatonewithshutone’seyesandearstoWords&PhrasesGregoriancalendar格列高利历；公历；阳历Jesus耶稣trance

n.

[C]

(ususing)astatecausedbyhypnosisinwhichsomeonecanmoveandspeakbutisnotconsciousinanormalway催眠状态putsomeonein/intoatrancebeinatrance

e.g.1.

Thepsychiatristputherintoadeephypnotictrance.

那位精神科医生使她进入了深度催眠状态。2.Theoldmanwasinatrance,thinkingofhispastlife.

这位老人回想着自己过去的生活，神情恍惚。Words&Phrasescalendar

n.

asystemformeasuringthelengthofayearanddividingitintoperiodssuchasweeksandmonths日历；历书e.g.1.lunarcalendar

阴历2.solarcalendar

阳历3.Ourcalendarisopen;wehavenothingonforthisweekend.我们日程表是空的；这个周末我们没有什么计划。Words&Phrasesessentially

ad.

usedforemphasizingwhatisthemostimportantaspectofsth.orfactaboutsth.本质上；根本上e.g.

1.Sheisanessentiallyselfishperson.她本质上是个自私自利的人。2.Essentially,theyareamateurs.他们本质上是业余爱好者。Words&Phrasesoriental

a.

fromorconnectedwitheasternAsia,especiallyChinaandJapan东方的；东亚的（尤指中国和日本）TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:1.他专门研究东方史。

Hespecializesinorientalhistory.2.北京是一座具有悠久历史和灿烂文化的东方名城。

Beijingisafamousorientalcitywithprofoundhistoryandsplendidculture.Cf:

occidental

Words&Phrasesjustify

vt.

showthatthereisagoodreasonforsomething,especiallysomethingthatotherpeoplethinkiswrong证明……正当；为……辩护；辨明e.g.1.Nothingcanjustifyyourcheatingonanexam.

任何事情都不能成为你考试作弊的理由。2.Howcanyoujustifyyourrudebehaviour?你如何解释你的粗鲁行为呢?Wordfamily:justificationn.Words&Phrasesundergo

vt.

(underwent,undergone)1)experienceaprocessofchange经历（变化的过程）e.g.Thebridgehasundergoneaseriesofmodificationsandwillbere-openedintwoweeks.

经过了一系列的改造，这座桥将于两星期后重新开通。2)

experiencesomething,especiallysomethingthatisunpleasantbutnecessary经受；承受（尤指不愉快但又必须承受的事情）e.g.The

problem-free

person

often

cannotundergothe

setback.一帆风顺的人，往往经受不住挫折。

Words&Phrasesrider

n.

1)anadditiontoanofficialdocumentornewlaw附加文件；附加条款e.g.Weshouldliketoaddaridertothepreviousremarks.我们想在原有的意见后面再加上一条。2)someonewhoridesonananimalsuchasahorse,oronavehiclesuchasabicycleormotorcycle骑马的人；骑自行车的人e.g.Heisagentlehorsethatnevercasthisrider.

驯良的马绝不会把骑手甩倒。Words&Phrasesanomaly

n.

(fml)sth.unusual,unexpected,ordifferentfromwhatnormallyhappens异常现象；反常事物e.g.

1.Abirdthatcannotflyisananomaly.鸟不能飞是异常现象。2.Inthosedaysawomanprofessorwasstillananomaly.当时，女教授仍然是一种反常现象。3.Canyouexplaintheapparentanomalythatthosewhoproducedthewealthwerethepoorest.你能解释制造财富者是最贫穷的明显不正常现象吗？Words&Phrasesfeast

n.

alargemealforalotofpeople,usuallyinordertocelebratesth.（通常为庆祝某事而举行的）盛会，筵席e.g.1.

Villagersusedtoholdagreatfeastatharvesttime.村民过去常常在收获季节举办盛大的宴会。2.Knowledgeisafeastforthemind.知识是心灵的盛宴。3.Theyhadamidnightfeastintheirtent.他们在帐篷里举行了一次午夜宴会。Words&Phraseshumble

a.

1)simpleandwithonlybasicequipmentorfeatures

低劣的；简陋的2)notproudandnotthinkingthatyouarebetterthanotherpeople谦逊的；谦虚的3)fromalowsocialclass卑微的；低下的Words&PhrasesFigureoutthemeaningsof“humble”inthefollowingsentences.Matchitsusagewiththemeaning1低劣的；简陋的2谦虚的or3卑微的.

ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese:1.

Heflewhighthoughhewasofhumbleorigin.()他虽出生低微,却胸怀大志。2.Toohumbleishalfproud.()

过分谦虚差不多就是骄傲。3.Shemerelyeatsahumblemealoutsidewhensheistoobusy.()当她忙得不可开交时，也只仅仅在外面吃一顿便餐。Words&Phrases213vent

vt.

expressyourfeelingsofangerverystrongly发泄（愤怒）e.g.

1.Thereisnoneedtoventyourangeronme.

你没有必要拿我来出气。2.Childrengiveventtotheirangerinvariousways.小孩用各种方式表达愤怒。3.Hegaveventtohisangerbykickingthechair.

他猛踢椅子，以此泄怒。Words&Phrasesskulduggery

n.

[U]

secretactivitiesthatareintendedtotrickorcheatpeople诡计；欺骗；诈骗e.g.1.Statisticsskulduggeryhasvariousreasonssuchasthestatisticssystem,statisticsmechanism,statisticslaw,statisticsmethodandsoon.

统计作假有统计制度、统计机制、统计法律、统计方法等多方面的原因。

2.Heisworkinginafirmthatinvestigatescommercialskulduggery.他在一家调查商业诈骗的公司任职。Words&Phrasesmundane

a.

ordinaryandnotinterestingorexciting,especiallybecauseofhappeningtooregularly普通的；平凡的；平淡无奇的e.g.1.

EventhemostmundanethingscanbecomeobjectsofbeautyinFrencheyes.即使是最平凡的事物，在法国人的眼中也是美丽的。2.Agraspofmundaneaffairsisgenuineknowledge,understandingofworldlywisdomistruelearning.

掌握平凡的事物是真正的学问，明白世俗的智慧是真正的本事。（世事洞明皆学问,人情练达即文章。）Words&Phrasesindigenous

a.

1)indigenouspeoplelivedinaplaceforaverylongtimebeforeotherpeoplecametolivethere（人）本地的，当地的e.g.IndiansweretheindigenousinhabitantsofAmerica.印第安人是美洲的土著居民。2)indigenousplantsandanimalsbelongtoaregionbecausetheydevelopedthere（动植物）原产的，土生土长的e.g.KangaroosareindigenoustoAustralia.

袋鼠为澳大利亚本地的动物。Words&Phrasesuntouched

a.

notaffected,changed,ordamagedinanyway未受影响的；未被改变的；原样的

e.g.

1.Themiserwasuntouchedbythepoorman'sstory.那个吝啬鬼对那穷人的叙述无动于衷。2.Themanagerleftthewelfareofthestaffuntouchedinhisreport.

经理在报告中没有提及过职工的福利问题。3.Praguewasrelativelyuntouchedbythewar.布拉格相对说来受战争影响不大。Wordfamily:touchv.Words&Phrasesfestive

a.

brightandcolourfulinawaythatmakesyouthinkofacelebration节日的；节日般的e.g.

1.Theyliketogotheretosoakinthefestiveatmosphere.

他们喜欢到那儿感染节日气氛。2.ItwasChristmasandeveryonewasinfestivemood.当时是圣诞节，每个人都沉浸在节日的欢乐中。Words&PhrasesWordfamily:festival

n.

adayorperiodwhenthereisapublicholiday,oftentocelebrateareligiousevent节日TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:中国四个重要的传统节日是：春节、清明节、端午节和中秋节。ThefourimportanttraditionalfestivalsinChinaaretheSpringFestival,

TombSweepingDay,theDragon-boatFestivalandtheMid-autumnFestival.

Words&Phrasesblindly

ad.

1)ifyouobeyorsupportsomeoneblindly,youdoitwithoutthinkingforyourselfwhetherwhatyouaredoingisright盲目地；未加思考地e.g.Insteadofgivingintoherchildblindly,agoodmothermanagestomakeherchildclearaboutrightandwrong.

一个好母亲不是一味地迁就自己的孩子，而是设法让孩子明白是非曲直。

Words&Phrases2)withoutnoticingwhatisaroundyou,forexamplebecauseyouareexcitedorupset胡乱地；不注意周围地

e.g.

Lovelooksnotwiththeeyes,butwiththemind,andthereforewingedCupidfireshisarrowblindly.爱情不是用眼睛，而是用心灵来看的，所以长翅膀的爱神丘比特胡乱地射出他的箭。Wordfamily:blinda.Words&Phrasesdecadence

n.

[U]

behaviourthatisconsideredimmoralbecauseitconcentratestoomuchonpleasure堕落；颓废e.g.

1.Thatcityseemstobethehothouseofdecadence.

该城市似乎是堕落的温床。

2.Thedecadenceofmoralsisbadforanation.

道德的滑坡对国家是不利的。3.Thejuvenilenatureofhisdecadencerevealsitself.他那种幼稚性质的颓废表现了出来。Words&Phrasesyoungster

n.

achild,orayoungperson儿童；年轻人e.g.1.

Theyoungsterresentedbeingtreatedasacoward.那位年轻人对于别人把他看做是懦夫感到很愤慨。2.Theseyoungstersherehavenotevenlearnhowtopeelapotato.

这里的这些年轻人，连给土豆削皮都不会（最简单的事情都不会做）。

Words&Phrasescharm1)

n.

[U]

apersonalqualitythatattractspeopletoyouandmakesthemlikeyou魅力；魔力e.g.1.Heisamanofpersonalcharmandgreatcultivation.

他既有个人魅力又极有教养。

2.Thisdoesnotruleoutpeoplewhoareplain-looking,orevenugly,becausemanysuchpeoplehavegreatpersonalcharm.(CET4-2003-06)

这并不排除那些相貌平平，甚至丑陋的人，因为往往许多那样的人是极具个人魅力的。Words&Phrases2)

v.

givesomeonepleasureorenjoyment使高兴；使陶醉；吸引e.g.astorythathascharmedgenerationsofchildren

一个吸引了一代又一代儿童的故事Wordfamily:charming

a.

veryattractiveandpleasant迷人的，有魅力的，有吸引力的e.g.MayandOctoberarecharmingmonthstosailontheMediterraneanSea.

5月和10月是乘船游览地中海的好时光。Words&Phraseszeal

n.

[U]

(fml)greatenergy,effort,andenthusiasm

热忱；热心；热情e.g.

1.Heshowsgreatzealforknowledge.

他表现出强烈的求知热情。2.Shehadatruezealforjournalism.她对新闻工作怀有真正的热情。3.Zealwithoutknowledgeisarunawayhorse.无知的狂热犹如脱缰的野马。Words&Phrasesconserve

vt.

1)preventland,water,orothernaturalresourcesfrombeingdamagedordestroyed保护（水、土等自然资源）2)useverylittleofsomethingsuchaselectricityorwatersothatitisnotwasted节约使用（电或水）

Figureoutthemeaningsof“conserve”inthefollowingsentences.Matchitsusagewiththemeaning1or2.ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese:Words&Phrases1.

保护（水、土等自然资源）2.

节约使用（电或水）1.Officialsareurgingpeopletoconserveelectricalpowerandstayindoors.()官员要求民众节约用电，并呆在室内。2.Newlawstoconservewildlifeintheareahavebeenpublished.()为保护该地区野生动物而颁布了新法律。3.Onlyinthe20thcenturyhavepeoplebecomeconsciousofthefragilityofnatureandthusstartedtoconserveresources.()直到20世纪人们才意识到大自然的脆弱，因而开始保护自然资源。Words&Phrases121goodness

n.

[U]

thequalityofbeingmorallygood美德；善良；仁慈e.g.1.Whatistruth,goodness,beauty?

什么是真、善、美？2.Beautywillfade,butnotgoodness.

美貌会凋谢，但美德不会。

3.Inspiteofthebadthingshe'sdoneIstillbelieveinhisessentialgoodness.尽管他做了坏事，我仍然相信他本性是善良的。Words&Phrasespreach

v.

1)talkaboutareligioussubjectatareligiousmeeting,especiallyinchurch（尤指在教堂里）布道；讲道e.g.MissionariesgoaroundtheworldtopreachtheWord.传教士走遍世界各地宣扬福音。

Words&Phrases2)expressastrongopinionandtrytopersuadeother

peopletoacceptit

灌输；极力劝导e.g.1.Practisewhatyoupreach.

躬行己说，身体力行。

2.Itisnottheauthor'sbusinesstopreach,buttogivea

real,historicalpictureoflife.作者的责任不在于说教，而在于展现一幅真实的具有历史意义的生活画面。

Words&Phrasesforgoodorbad:不管怎样；不论好歹

e.g.1.Forgoodorbad,heisyourboss.

不管怎样，他是你的老板。2.Forgoodorbad,thefactisthatanincreasingnumberofparentsaroundusaresendingtheirkidstovariousartclasses.

不论好歹，事实是我们周围越来越多的家长送孩子参加各种艺术班。Words&Phrasesatonewith1)happyandrelaxedinyourenvironment在……中怡然自得e.g.Youshouldbeatonewithyourclassmatesatschool.

在学校里，你要和同学们和睦相处。2)inagreementwithsomeone与……一致e.g.

1.We,theOpposition,areatonewiththegovernmentonthisissue.

我们反对党在这个问题上与政府的意见是一致的。2.IfyouvoteforMr.Bush,youhavetobeatonewith(himon)hiswarpolicy.

假如你投布什先生的票，你就是赞同他的战争政策。Words&Phrasesshutone’seyesandearsto:refusetoseeorhearorthinkabout

拒不理会；拒不听某事TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:1.某些领导对这些事实不闻不问。

Someleadersshuttheireyesandearstothefacts.

2.我们不能再对这些孩子的遭遇充耳不闻了。

Wecannolongershutoureyesandearstowhat’s

happeningtothesechildren.

Words&PhrasesGregoriancalendar

格列高利历；公历；阳历TheGregoriancalendar,orsolarcalendar,isbasedonthemovementoftheeartharoundthesun,whichlasts365or366days.OftencalledtheWesterncalendar,thisisthemostcommonlyusedcalendarintheworld.ItwasintroducedbyPopeGregoryXIIIin1582.PopeGregoryXIIIgavehisnametotheGregoriancalendarWords&PhrasesPopeGregoryXIIICf.Thelunarcalendarisbasedonthemovementofthemoonaroundtheearth,whichlasts29or30days.Inordertocatchupwiththesolarcalendar,extramonthsareaddedwhenevernecessary.Words&PhrasesJesus耶稣（基督教的创始人）

JesusisthemanonwhoseideasChristianityisbased.ChristiansbelievehewasthesonofGod.HeisoftensimplycalledJesusorChrist.Words&Phrases…astheendoftheyearwhenours(accordingtothelunar

calendar)isatleastamonthaway?

Thelunarcalendarisbasedonthemovementofthemoonaroundtheearth,whichlasts29or30days.Inordertocatchupwiththesolarcalendar,extramonthsareaddedwhenevernecessary.

LanguagePoints

……而我们自己的岁末（按照阴历）至少还有一个月才到呢？翻译：

Theirfearsmaybejustifiedtoacertain

extent.

Thewordjustifiedmeanshavinganacceptableexplanationorreason.Thewriterthengivestheexplanationinthefollowingsentence.LanguagePoints

从某种程度上讲，他们的忧虑是有道理的。翻译：

Forgoodorbad,theworldhaspossibly

undergone

morechanges…

Thewriterdoesnotwanttogetintothequestionofwhetherwhathashappenedhasbeengoodorbad.Thepointistoagreethattherehasbeenchangeandithasconsequences.LanguagePoints

不管是好是坏，世界可能所经历的变化……翻译：

Television,wethought,wasthelastuniting

factortillwegotafeelfortheInternet.

Theexpressiongetafeelforsomethingmeanstobeaccustomedtosomethingortohaveordevelopanunderstandingofsomethingandskillindoingit.LanguagePoints

过去，我们一直把电视看作是连接全世界的终极手

段，直到我们了解了互联网，才发现事实并非如此。翻译：

Nothingcomeswithoutariderinthisglobalmarket.

AriderisanAmericanexpressionforaclauseaddedtoalaworlegaldocument,oftensettinganextracondition.Thesentencemeansnothinginthemodernworldcomeswithoutsomeunexpectedorunwantedconsequences.LanguagePoints

在这个全球市场中，得到任何东西都是要付出代价的。翻译：

Beitonthemainlandorinthehighly

developedWestorinthepoorestofsocieties,

afestivalcarries

thesamemeaning.

ThesentencemeansfestivalshavethesamemeaningwhetherinChina,theadvancedeconomiesoftheWestortheleastdevelopednations.LanguagePoints

不管是在中国大陆，还是在高度发达的西方国家，抑或是世界上最贫穷的社会，节日承载着相同的意义。翻译：ExercisesReadingandunderstandingDealingwithunfamiliarwordsReadingandinterpretingDevelopingcriticalthinkingReadingandunderstanding3Choosethebestwaytocompletethesentences.1ThewriterthinkstheChinesecelebrateChristmasbecause________.(a)it’saWesternfestival(b)theworldhasundergoneagreatdealofchange(c)it’safestivalwhichcarriesthesamemeaninginboththeEastandtheWest(d)ithasbecomeafestivalwhichiscelebratedaroundtheworld,andeveryonecanrelaxduringthattime

Exercisesd

2SomescholarsfearthatcelebratingChristmasinChina________.(a)maythreatenChineseculture(b)meansthattheChineseblindlyfollowtheWestineveryway(c)causesChinesefestivalstolosetheircharm(d)isagoodexampleofWesterndecadenceExercisesa3TheChineseattachmoreimportancetoChristmasthanacoupleofdecadesagobecause________.(a)televisionandtheInternethavebecomeunitingfactors(b)changesthroughouttheworldmakethemlookdifferentlyattheworldandatChina’splaceinit(c)webelongtoaglobalvillage(d)mostoftheworldfollowstheGregoriancalendarExercisesb4EnjoyingaWesternfestivaldoesn’tmeanthat________.(a)theChineseapproveofWesterndecadence(b)theChineseareleftuntouchedbythefestiveseason(c)theChinesefollowtheWestwithoutthinking(d)theChinesecultureisfreeofdecadenceExercisesc5Thewriterbelievesthatthescholarsandstudents________.(a)cansavesocietyfromtheinfluenceofaworldwhichisgettingsmaller(b)haveapointofviewwhichshouldnotberejected(c)arewhatarereferredtoasconservatives(d)arerightinthinkingChinesefestivalshavelosttheircharmExercisesb6ThebasicmessageofChristmas________.(a)issimilartoEasternprinciplesofhelpingothers(b)hasthesamecharmasChinesefestivals(c)isoneofWesternculture,whichattractsyoungstersmorethanotherChinese(d)isoneofgoodness,loveofmankindandhelpforthepoorwhichisrelevanttoeveryoneExercisesdDealingwithunfamiliarwords4Matchthewordsintheboxwiththeirdefinitions.5CompletetheparagraphwiththecorrectformofthewordsinActivity4.6Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressionsinthebox.7Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressions.Exercises4Matchthewordsintheboxwiththeirdefinitions.1simple()2toshowthatthereisagoodreasonforsomething,especiallysomethingthatotherpeoplethinkiswrong()3toexperiencesomething,especiallysomethingthatisunpleasantbutnecessary()4alargemealforalotofpeople,usuallyinordertocelebratesomething()Exercises

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youngsterhumblejustifyundergofeast5asystemformeasuringthelengthofayearanddividingitintoperiodssuchasweeksandmonths()6achild,orayoungperson()7pleasantorattractivequalitiesorfeatures()8thequalityofbeingmorallygood()9toexpressastrongopinionandtrytopersuadeotherpeopletoacceptit()Exercises

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youngsterpreachgoodnesscharmyoungstercalendar5CompletetheparagraphwiththecorrectformofthewordsinActivity4.Thereissome(1)___________toscholars’fearsthatalotofChinese(2)___________haverecentlybecomemoreinterestedinfestivalsfromtheWestern(3)__________,suchasChristmaswhichImustadmitdoeshavesome(4)______.Exercises

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youngstercalendaryoungstersjustificationcharmTheworldis(5)_________manychanges,andeventhoughwecomefromagenuinelymodestand(6)________culture,we’remoreandmoreattractedbythebrightlightsandcomfortsoftheWest.ButChristmasisactuallyawinter(7)_______andissimilartoourownfestivalsbecauseit(8)_______theimportanceofbeingmorally(9)________andshowingloveformankind.Exercises

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youngstergoodpreachesfeasthumbleundergoing6Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressionsinthebox.1Isorientallikelytomean(a)Eastern,or(b)Western?2Ifyouventyourfeelings,doyou(a)expressthemstrongly,or(b)hidethem?3IsanindigenousAmericanlikelytobe(a)someonewhohasarrivedfromanothercountry,or(b)someonewhohaslivedinAmericabeforeothersarrived?Exercises6Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressionsinthebox.1Isorientallikelytomean(a)Eastern,or(b)Western?2Ifyouventyourfeelings,doyou

(a)expressthemstrongly,or(b)hidethem?3IsanindigenousAmericanlikelytobe(a)someonewhohasarrivedfromanothercountry,or

(b)someonewhohaslivedinAmericabeforeothersarrived?4Ifyoufeelatonewithsomething,areyoulikelytofeel(a)unhappyanduncomfortable,or(b)happyandrelaxedwithit?5Iszeallikelytobe(a)greatenergyandenthusiasm,or(b)alackofinterest?6Ifyouwanttoconservesomething,doyouwantto(a)keepitasitis,or(b)changeit?Exercises4Ifyoufeelatonewithsomething,areyoulikelytofeel(a)unhappyanduncomfortable,or

(b)happyandrelaxedwithit?5Iszeallikelytobe(a)greatenergyandenthusiasm,or(b)alackofinterest?6Ifyouwanttoconservesomething,doyouwantto

(a)keepitasitis,or(b)changeit?7Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressions.1Ifyou’recaughtinatrance,areyoulikelytobe(a)aware,or(b)unawareofyourstate?2Ifsomethinghappensforgoodorbad,doyou(a)know,or(b)notknowwhetheritwillhavegoodorbadresults?Exercises7Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressions.1Ifyou’recaughtinatrance,areyoulikelytobe(a)aware,or(b)unaware

ofyourstate?2Ifsomethinghappensforgoodorbad,doyou(a)know,or

(b)notknow

whetheritwillhavegoodorbadresults?3Isariderlikelytobe(a)aconditiontowhathasbeensaid,inordertolimitit,or(b)anadditiontowhathasbeensaid,addingextrainformation?4Isananomalylikelytobe(a)acontradiction,or(b)ausualfeature?Exercises3Isariderlikelytobe

(a)aconditiontowhathasbeensaid,inordertolimitit,or(b)anadditiontowhathasbeensaid,addingextrainformation?4Isananomalylikelytobe

(a)acontradiction,or(b)ausualfeature?5Isskulduggerylikelytobe(a)secretactivitiesthatareintendedtotrickorcheatpeople,or(b)normaleventsineverydaylife?6Aremundaneaffairslikelytobe(a)interestingandexciting,or(b)notinterestingandexciting?Exercises5Isskulduggerylikelytobe

(a)secretactivitiesthatareintendedtotrickorcheatpeople,or