医学英语第一册词汇表

PAGEPAGE17/17Unit1Thehumanbody（插入部分）MedicalTerminologyPrefixesa-,an-

Meaningnotwithout

Examplesasymptomatic anemiade-reversedefibrillator 除颤剂removefromdehydration 脱水ab-awayfromabductor外展肌abnormality 异常ad-,ac-,af-,ag-towardadductor内收肌acceptor受体afferent传入的，输入的aggravate加重，加剧（病情等）ante-beforeantenatal产前的forwardanteversion 前倾post-afterbehindpostpartal产后的postdigestive 消化后的supra-infra-

abovebeyondbelow

supracranialsupranasalinfracostal

颅上的鼻上的肋下的beneath

infrared

红外线hyper-

aboveexcessivebeyond

hypertensionhyperglycemia

高血压高血糖hypo-epi-

underdeficientbelowabove

hypothalamus 下丘脑hypothyroidism 甲状腺功能减epithelial上皮的over epidermisuponsub-

under

subcutaneous 皮下的beneath

subhepatic

肝下的intra-

within

intravenousintramuscular

静脉内的肌内的extra- outside extracellularextracranial

细胞外的颅外的endo- inside endocrine内分泌的within

endocarditis

心内膜炎ex-,exo-

out

exocrineexotoxin

外分泌的外毒素inter- between intercostalinterneuron

肋间的中间神经元circum- around circumvascular 血管周的circumrenal 肾周的peri- around

pericardial

心包的surrounding periosteum骨膜ana-

upbackwardagainst

anabolismanatomy解剖学cata-

downunder

catabolismcatalysis

分解代谢催化contra-

against

contraindication

禁忌症opposite contraception 避孕anti-

against

antibioticantiviral

抗生素抗病毒的；抗病毒药dys- abnormaldifficult

dyspepsiadyspnea呼吸困难badimpairedeu-goodeugenics优生学normaleupepsia消化正常para-alongsideparasympathetic 副交感的nearbeyondparathyroid甲状旁腺paralysis瘫痪，麻痹abnormaldia-throughdialysis透析throughoutdiagnosis诊断bi-twobiceps二头肌bilateral两侧的semi-halfsemipermeable 半透性的meta-changesemilunar半月形的metabolism新陈代谢metastasis转移trans-acrosstransplantation transaminase 转氨酶ultra-beyondultrasonography 超声检查法excessultramicroscope 超显微镜Unit2Humandiseases（插入部分）MedicalTerminologySuffixes Meaning Examples-anominalending-e

actprocesscondition

aerobia 需氧菌placenta 胎盘lymphocyte淋巴细isotope 同位素-is cutis皮肤prognosis 预后-on neuron神经元colon结肠-um cerebrum大脑pericardium心包-us stimulus刺激物nucleus核-ybiopsy活组织检查physiology 生理学-accardiac心脏的；贲门的-aceoussebaceous皮脂的-albuccal颊的-armuscular肌肉的adjectiva-arypertainingtobiliary胆汁的lending-ealesophageal食管的-icoptic眼的；视力的-oryrespiratory 呼吸的-ousinfectious 传染性的；感染性的mucous粘液的-cul(e),ventricular 心室的；脑室的-clecorpuscle小体，细胞vesicle小水泡diminutiv-ellorganelle细胞器；小器官smallecircellus小环littlesuffixes-ill(us,capillary毛细血管a,um)bacillus杆菌-olarteriole小动脉，微动脉bronchiole细支气管-ul(e) venule小静脉，微静脉lobule 小叶-esisdiauresis利尿diseased-iaabnormalorleukemia白血病condition-iasispathologicallithiasis结石病-osisconditionacidosis酸中毒necrosis坏死-aseenzymelipase脂肪酶oxidase氧化酶-osesugarfructose果糖maltose麦芽糖-in,-ineagentinsulin胰岛素epinephrine 肾上腺素immunoglobulin免疫球蛋白-itis inflammation

arthritishepatitis

关节炎肝炎-oma tumor adenoma-oid resembling adenoid腺样的cystoid囊样的-ics nameofascience

geneticspediatrics

遗传学儿科学-ician an expert

of aphysician

医师，内科医师profession

pediatrician

儿科医师，儿科学家-ist

practitioner

ofadentist口腔科医师，牙医-ism

professionaction

physiologistembolism栓塞

生理学家asystemoftheory rheumatism 风湿orpracticeUnit3theskeletalsystem （插入部分）MedicalTerminologyWordpartsarthr(o)-

Meaningjoint

Examplesarthritisarthroplasty 关节造形术burs(o)-chondr(o)-

bursacartilage

bursitischondritis

滑液囊炎软骨炎chondroma软骨瘤chondrocyte 软骨细胞coccy-

coccyx

骶尾骨coccyg(o)-cost(o)-

coccygectomy 尾骨切除术rib intercostal 肋间的crani(o)-

cranium craniomalaciacraniostosis

颅骨消融颅缝[天生]骨化ili(o)-

ilium

髂骨的iliopelvic髂盆的myel(o)-ossi-

bonemarrowbone

myeloma骨髓瘤ossicle[听]小骨ossification 骨化oste(o)-

bone osteitis骨osteoma 骨osteocyte骨细胞pelvi(o)- pelvis pelvic骨盆的pelvisection 骨盆切开术rachi(o)-

spine

脊柱痛rachianesthesia 脊髓麻醉(法)sacr(o)- sacrum sacral骶骨的sacrodynia 骶[部spondyl(o)- vertebra spondylopathy 脊椎病cervicospondylopathy颈椎病ten(o)-tend(o)-tendin(o)-

tendon tendonitistenorrhaphytendinoustenalgia

腱炎腱的腱痛vertebr(o)-

vertebra

intervertebralvertebrectomy

椎骨间的椎骨切除术malac(o)- softening osteomalacia 骨消融chondromalacia软骨消融-porosis-asthenia

porousweaknesslossstrength

osteoporosis myasthenia肌无力of neurasthenia 神经衰弱troph(o)-

developmentstimulation

atrophy萎缩hypertrophy 肥maintenancemalac(o)- softening malacosteon 骨消融aalg(o)-alges(o)-

pain

myalgiaarthralgiaanalgesia

肌痛关节痛痛觉缺失Unit4themuscularsystem （插入部分）MedicalTerminologyWordPartspath(o)-

Meaningdisease

Examplespathogenesis nephropathy肾病morph(o)-

formshape

morphology形态学amorphous无形态的morphometrymy(o)- muscle myocardial心肌的muscul(o)-fibr(o)-

myotonia肌强直muscle musculin肌球蛋白fiber fibroma纤维瘤nfasci(o)- fascia fasciodesisfasciitis

筋膜固定术筋膜炎fascioplasty 筋膜成形术ten(o)-

tendon

tenorrhaphy

腱缝合术tend(o)-tendin(o)-

tenostosis腱骨化tenosynovitis 腱鞘ton(o)- tone cardiotonictonofibril

张力原纤维kinesi(o)-

movement dyskinesia

运动阻挡kinet(o)-alg(o)-

pharmacokineticspain myalgia肌痛

药动学cephalalgiaalgesthesisneuralgia

痛觉神经痛-itis

inflammation

dermatomyositisfasciitis筋膜炎

皮肌炎my(o)- muscle myocardium心肌electromyography 肌电myonecrosis肌肉坏死poly-

many polymyositis

多肌炎polyadenitis 多腺炎theli(o)-

skin endothelium内皮epithelial上皮subendothelial内皮下spasm(o)-

spasm

myospasmia肌痉挛病bronchospasmnecr(o)- death osteonecrosis 骨坏死necrotomy尸体解剖tri-

three tricycletriangle

孕期的三个月三轮车三角plas-

growth

aplasia不发育development

dysplasiafibroplasiahyperplasia

发育不良纤维组织形成增生Unit5thedigestivesystemMedicalTerminologyWordPartsbucc(o)-

Meaningcheek

Examplesbucca脸颊buccopulpal颊与牙髓的dent(o)-odont(o)-or(o)-stom(o)-

tooth labiodentalorthodonticsperiodontiummouth oraloropharynxmouth stomatitis

唇齿的正牙学牙周组织口咽口腔炎stomat(o)- stomatomycosisperistomatous

口霉菌病口周的nas(o)-

nose nasogastric

鼻饲的nasopalatine 鼻腭esophag(o)-pharyng(o)-

esophaguspharynx

esophagogastrostomy食管胃切合术pharyngitis咽炎pharyngoxenosis 咽喉干燥sial(o)-lingu(o)-

saliva sialorrheasiaolithtongue

流涎涎石舌下的linguodental 舌齿的gloss(o)-

tongue

glossotomy舌切开术glossopharyngeal 舌咽gingiv(o)- gums gingivitis牙龈炎gingivectomy 牙龈切除术gastr(o)-jejun(o)-

stomach gastroenteritisgastrorrhagiajejunum jejunoileitisjejunorrhaphy

胃肠炎胃出血空肠回肠炎空肠缝合术ile(o)-

ileum ileocolitisileectomy

回肠结肠炎回肠切除术append(o)-appendic(o)-

appendix

appendectomy阑尾切除appendicitis 阑尾炎bili-

gallbile

bilirubinbiliation

胆红素胆汁生成chole(o)-

gall

cholelithiasis

胆结石chol(o)-

bile

cholestasis

胆汁淤积cholecystitis 胆囊炎cec(o)- cecum cecorrhaphy盲肠缝合术cecopexy盲肠固定术col(o)-colon(o)-

colon colonoscope结肠镜colostomyduoden(o)- duodenum gastroduodenal 胃十二指肠的duodenectomy十二指肠切除术enter(o)- intestine,

gastroenterologist

胃肠道专家usually

the

enteropathy肠道疾病smallintestineperitone(o)-

peritoneum

peritonealgia 腹膜痛peritoneocentesisperitoneography

腹腔穿刺术腹膜造影术pancreat(o)- pancreas

pancreaticpancreolysis

胰腺的胰组织破坏proct(o)- rectum

protologyprotopexy

直肠科直肠固定术rect(o)- rectum

rectovesicalpararectal

直肠膀胱的直肠旁的an(o)- anus

anoplasty

肛门成形术anoscope肛门镜sigmoid(o)- sigmoidcolon sigmoiditis十二指肠炎sigmoidotomy 十二指肠切开术splen(o)- spleen

splenomegaly splenic脾的hepat(o)- liver hepatatrophia hepatomegaly肝肿大hepatonecrosis 肝坏死lapar(o)- abdomen

laparocelelaparoscopy

腹疝腹腔镜检查abdomin(o)- abdomen abdominouterotomy腹式子宫切开术transabdominal 经腹的aliment(o)- food

alimentary

营养的nutrient

hyperalimentation

营养过分carb(o)-carbon(o)-pepsi(o)-

carbon carbohydrate碳水化合物carbonate碳酸盐digestion pepsin胃蛋白酶dyspepsodynia 消化不良性-rrhexis rupture hepatorrhexis 肝破裂ophthalmorrhexis 眼球破裂-cele hernia cecocele盲肠突出protrusion

colpocele

阴道疝，阴道脱垂lith(o)-

stone

lithodialysischolelithiasis

溶石术，碎石术胆结石-ptosis ptosis coloptosisproptosis

结肠下垂前垂，突出Unit6therespiratorysystem （插入部分）MedicalTerminologyWordPartsnas(o)-

Meaningnose

Examplesnasitis

鼻咽炎rhin(o)-

nose rhinallergosisrhinorrhagia

过敏性鼻炎鼻出血pharyng(o)-laryng(o)-

pharynx pharyngitis 咽炎pharyngoscopy 镜larynx laryngitis喉炎tracheo-

laryngotracheobronchitistrachea tracheitis气管炎

喉气管支气管炎bronch(o)-

tracheolaryngotomybronchus bronchitis支气管炎

气管喉切开术bronchoalveolitis 支气管肺炎bronchoscopy 支气管镜检查lob(o)-

lobe

lobitis叶炎pneum(o)-pneumon(o)-pneumat(o)-

lungair

pneumoenteritispneumolithiasispneumonia

肺肠炎肺石病pneumorrhagia 肺出血pulm(o)- lung pulmonitis肺炎pulmon(o)- pulmogram肺Xpulmonary肺的spir(o)-

breathing spirometerspiroscope

肺量计呼吸量检测器pne(o)-

breathing

apnea呼吸暂停bradypneaalveol(o)-

alveolus alveolitis

牙槽炎alveoloplasty 牙槽成形术thorac(o)-

chest

thoracostomy胸廓造口术thoracocentesis 胸腔穿pleur(o)- pleura pleurectomy 胸膜切除术cyan(o)-

pleuropneumoniablue cyanopsia

胸膜肺炎cyanemia青血症，绀血症orth(o)-

straight orthodontiaorthopnea

正牙学端坐呼吸ox(o)-oxi-oxy-

oxygen

oxide氧化物antioxidant 抗氧化phon(o)-phren(o)-

voice aphonia失音phonophotography声波照相术diaphragm; phrenitis膈炎paraphrenitis 膈周组织炎sin(o)-sinussinobronchitis 窦支气管炎perisinuitis 窦周炎aer(o)-airaerobic有氧的anaerobic 无氧的；厌氧的aerobe需氧菌allerg(o)-

allergy allergenallergic

过敏原过敏的sten(o)-

narrowing

bronchostenosisrectostenosis

支气管狭窄直肠狭窄-ectasis dilatation bronchiectasia 支气管扩大corectasiavenectasia

瞳孔扩大静脉曲张Unit7cardiovascularsystem:bloodandbloodcirculationMedicalTerminology

（插入部分）WordPartserythr(o)-cyt(o)-

Meaningredcell

Exampleserythrocyte megakaryocyte巨核细胞hepatocytecytopeniahemat(o)- blood hematocrit

肝细胞细胞减少血细胞比容hematology 血液病学hematuria血尿micro-

smalltiny

microscope 显微镜microorganism微生物microbe微生物a-/an- notwithout

anemia贫血anucleateasymptomatic无症状的hem(o)-

blood hemoglobin hemolysis溶血hemorrhage 出血leuk(o)- white leukocyte白细胞leukemia白血病endo- innerwithin

endocardium endocrine内分泌endoscopy内窥镜检de--emia

lackofdownlossbloodcondition

deoxygenated 脱氧dehydration 脱水degeneration 变性leukemia白血病hypercalcemia anemia贫血pen(o)- deficiency erythrocytopeniscalcipenia钙缺乏，钙质减少rrhe(o)- flow hematorrhea 大出血seborrhea皮脂溢antidiarrheal 止泻rrhag(o)- excessiveflow cholerrhagiarhinorrhagiamegalo- enlargement megalocardiasplenomegaly

胆汁溢出鼻出血心肥大脾脏肿大megaloblast 巨成红细胞-lys(o)

breakdownseparation

hemolysisanalysis解析paralysisphil-

love hemophiliahydrophilia

血友病亲水性-oma

tumor

lymphoma淋巴瘤carcinoma癌症fibroma纤维瘤-ose sugar glucosemaltoselactose乳糖gen(o)- origination

cardiogenic

心源性的production antigen抗原glycogen糖原-ol(e) small venule小静脉-ul(e)

arteriole

小动脉lobule小叶tom(o)- cut tomography 体层断层照影bronchotomy 支气管切开术gastrectomy 胃切除术graph(o)- picture mammography 乳房照影术echography 回波