2019年中考英语阅读理解真题汇编60篇(带详细答案)

2019年中考英语阅读理解真题汇编（带详细解析过程）（名师精讲解题方法与技巧+实战训练，建议下载练习）【考点分析】阅读理解旨在考查学生阅读、理解的能力。近几年来，中考英语题中的阅读理解材料新颖，题材丰富，考查学生综合推断能力、根据语篇猜单词意思的能力的力度加大，考查学生关注细节的能力占很大部分。所以学生往往要么没能正确理解语篇中某些句子的意思，在细节题上丢分，要么就是对语篇的整体把握不够，在综合题或者推断题方面丢分。那么到底怎么做好阅读理解这一题型呢？一、解题思路（一）先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。（二）快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。（三）细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：抓住四个"W"和一个"H",就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What（事件），When（时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），How（经过）划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。注意领会文章的寓意。4．根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种：直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。题干中有"suggest,conclude,conclusion,probably,reason,because,accordingt等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。排除法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。真题实战训练专项训练一人物故事时间：8~10分钟/篇分值：2分/小题Passage1(2018黄冈)Oneday,Mr.Liwasreadingabookinhisofficeafterschool.Tohissurprise,aballflewinsuddenlyandhurthimonthehead.Hetooktheballtothewindow,butheonlysawagroupofboystudentsrunningawayquicklyanddisappearinginaminute.Hesatdownagainandcontinuedhisreading.Asitgotdark,itwastimeforhimtoleaveforhome.Lookingattheball,hewonderedwhattodowithit.Heknewtheowneroftheballmustbenearbyandwishedtogetitback.Hewentdownstairsandwalkedtotheplayground.Itwasatthecenteroftheplaygroundthatheplacedtheballwithapieceofpaper,onwhichhewrote“Becarefulnexttime！”.Thenhewalkedaway.Thenextmorning,asMr.Liopenedtheofficedoor,hefoundthesamepieceofpaperonthefloor.Somewordswereaddedafterhiswords:“Thankyouforyourkindness.Anyway,youareacleverfellow.”()1.WhathappenedwhileMr.Liwasreadinginhisoffice?Thewindowwasbrokenbyaball.Aballhurthimonthehead.Aballhitthewindow.Thedoorwasbrokenbyaball.()2.Whydidtheowneroftheballrunawayquickly?HewasafraidofMr.Li.Hewantedtogettheballback.Hewantedtogohome.Hewenttolookfortheball.()3.HowdidMr.Lidealwiththeball?Hetookithome.Heputitinhisoffice.Heputitbackontheplayground.Hehadnoideaaboutit.（）4.Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthat．Mr.LiisinterestedinreadingMr.LiistoohardonhisstudentsMr.LiisgoodatplayingsportsMr.LiisacleverteacherwithkindnessPassage2（2018安徽）Whilemanyyoungpeoplewereenjoyingthesummervacation,ZachBonnerwasworkinghishardest.ZachstartedwalkingfromValrico,Florida,hishometown,onChristmas,2009.HereachedLosAngelesninemonthslaterinSeptember,2010.Hecoveredatotalof2，478milesandraised$120，000forkidsinneed.Alongtheway,Zachattendedschoolonline.Hismother,brotherandsistertookturnstowalkordrivetogetherwithhim.Althoughheisveryyoung,Zachhasalonghistoryofhelpingothers.Whenaterriblestormhittownin2004,Zach,whensix,pulledawagon（小推车）throughhiscommunityandcollectedfoodforpeopleinneed.Hehasraised$400，000forhisLittleRedWagonFoundationsincethen.Itgivesmoneytoprojectswhichhelphomelesschildren.In2007,Zachbeganwalkingtosupportachildren'scharity（慈善组织）inTampa,Florida.Hefinishedhisjourney23dayslater,280milesawayinTallahassee.Theninthesummerof2009,hetrekkedabout670milesfromAtlantatoWashington,D．C.,injusttwomonths.“Aslongastherearehomelesskids,Iwillneverstopwalkingforthem.”Zachsays.（）1.WhatdidZachdoduringthesummervacationin2010?Hestayedathometolookafterhisfamily.Hetravelledtohishometownwithhisfamily.Hejoinedinaschoolactivitywithotherkids.Hewalkedtocollectmoneyforkidsinneed.()2.WecanlearnfromParagraph2thatZach．begantohelppeopleataveryearlyagemademoneytopayforhiseducationenjoyedplayingaroundinhiscommunityworkedveryhardforhisfamily()3.AtwhatagedidZachstartwalkingtosupportaTampachildren'scharity?Atsix.B.Atnine.C.Ateleven.D.Attwelve.()4.Theunderlinedword“trekked”inParagraph3probablymeans“”．A.延伸B.挖掘C.跋涉D.飞行()5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesZach?Friendlyandshy.B.Sillybutlovely.C.Kindandhelpful.D.Cleverbutlazy.Passage3(2018北京)FromNobodytoSomebodyBrianwasafunnystudent.Helovedwatchingcomedies(喜居lj)bestandhopedtobecomeacomedyactoroneday.Whenheheardaboutthetalentshowtobeheldathisschool,Briandecidedtotakepartin.Hehadneveractedonstage(舞台)before,andhewasveryexcited.Butsomestudentslaughedathim.“Youarenotfunnybutsilly，”Ken,oneofhisclassmates,saidtohisface.“Noonewilllikewhatyoudo，”anotherboyalsosaidtohim,loudly.Briancouldn'tunderstandwhytheyweresounkindtohim.Foramoment,hethoughtaboutgivinguptheshow.Butherememberedhowmuchhisfriendslikedhisjokes,andalsohisteacherssaidhewasveryfunny.Sohedecidedtopreparefortheshow.Briandidagreatjobatthetalentshow.Everyonelovedhisperformance,andhewonthefirstprize!Histeachersandfriendswereproudofhim.Evenso,KentoldBrianthathewasnotfunny,andthathewouldneverbesuccessful.Briandidn'tunderstandwhyKensaidso,butherealizedthatithadnothingtodowithhim.Heconfidentlycontinuedtoworktowardshisgoal.Astheyearswenton,BrianmetmorepeoplelikeKen.“You'lldoaterriblejob，”theysaidtohim.Luckily,mostpeopleencouragedhimandsomehelpedhimtobecomeevenfunnier.Hegotalotofopportunitiestoperforminmovies.Hewaseveninvitedtoappearontelevision.Hisfansthankedhimbecausehiscomediesmadethemfeelgoodwhentheywereunhappy.NowBrianisabigcomedystar!Heisdoingwhathelovesbest.Heneverfeelsstressedlikethoseunkindpeople,andhelaughsalldaylong!()1.WhatdidBrianlovebestwhenhewasastudent?Goingtoschool.B.Helpingclassmates.C.Watchingcomedies.D.Meetingnewfriends.()2.Briandecidedtopreparefortheshowbecause．hisfriendslikedhisjokeshewasinvitedbyaTVstationhewasn'tbusyactinginmoviesKenwasexpectinghisperformance()3.Afterwinningthefirstprize,Brian．begantounderstandKenbecameateacherofactingencouragedotherstojoinhimcontinuedtoworktowardshisgoal()4.Brian'sfansthankedhimbecausehiscomediesbroughtthem．successB.happinessC.luckD.pridePassage4(2018东营)Wehaveheardaboutpeoplewhohavespecialmemories.RecentlytherehasbeenareportaboutawomanfromAustraliawhocanrememberalmosteverydetail(细节)ofalltheeventsinherdailylife.RebeccaSharrock,25,isoneofjust80peopleworldwidewhohavebeenindentified(确定)ashavingHighlySuperiorAutobiographicalMemory(HSAM,超级自传体记忆症).Itmeansshecanremembereverysmallevent—whichmostpeoplewouldforgetwithin(在……以内)days—asifithadhappenedjustminutesago.“Iremembermymumputtingmeinthedriver'sseatofacarandtakingapictureofmewhenIwas12daysold，”shesaid.“That'smyearliestmemory.Iremembereverydaysincethen.Ican'ttellallthedatesexactlybecauseIwastooyoungtounderstandcalendars,butIrememberwhatIdidthatveryday,whattheweatherwaslikeandsoon.”Rebeccacanalsore-experiencetaste.Ifshe'seatingsomethingthatshedoesn'tlike,shethinksaboutBlackForestcake,herfavoritefood,andthememorywillbesostrongthatshecannearly“taste”it.However,sometimeshermemoriesprove(证明)tobepainful.Becausethey'renotjusteventsthatsheremembers.“WhenIrelive(再体验)memories,thefeelingsreturn,too,”Rebeccasaid.“Forexample,IrememberfallingoverwhenIwasthreeatmygrandparents'houseandhurtingmyleftknee.Talkingaboutitnow,Ifeelpainfulinmyleftknee.”“Atnight,Ihavetosleepwiththeradio/recorderandasoftlighton，”sheadded.“Ifit'stoodarkorquiet,mymindwouldbefilledwithallthesememoriesandIcan'tsleep.”()1.WhichisNOTTRUEaboutRebecca?Shehasspecialmemories.SheisfromAustralia.Sheis25yearsold.Shecanremembereverydetailofalltheevents.()2.WhathappenedtoRebeccaonthedaywhenshewas3yearsold?ShewasidentifiedashavingHSAM.Hermotherputherinacarandtookapictureofher.Shestartedtounderstandcalendars.Shehurtherleftkneeathergrandparents'.()3.Wheneversheisrelivinghermemories,．sheishappysheexperiencesthefeelingsagainshefeelspaininherkneesD.shecantasteherfavoritefood（）4.WhatistheresultofhavingHSAM?Shecanremembereveryeventinherdailylife.Shecanre-experiencetaste.Shecanrelivefeelings.Alltheabove.（）5.Fromthepassage,wecaninfer（推断）thatHSAMcandohergood,butitalsobringsherpainshefeelspainfulifsherecallsherexperiencesshecanfallasleepwhilesheisre-experiencingmemoriesHSAMcangreatlyimproveherlivingconditionsPassage5（2018江西）CarltonJosephisafashiondesigner（服装设计师）,butnotjustanyfashiondesigner.Heappearsontelevision,hewritesbooks,andheownshisownfashionhouse.Bornin1980,Carltonstarteddesigningclotheswhenhewaseleven.Hisfatherownedaclothesstore,andCarltonusedtoworkthereattheweekend.Thenhedidadesigncourseatcollege.Whenhewas21,someonesuggesteddoingaTVprogram.Hemadehisfirstshow“Carlton'sClothes”in2004,andhewrotehisfirstbookinthesameyear.Sincethenhehaswrittenfourmore.CarltongotmarriedtoTVproducerSusanMillsin2005.Threemonthsago,Carltonstartedhisnewcompany.Hecalledit“Design:Carlton”．AtworkCarltonalwayswearsblacktrousersandablackcoat,butathome,orwhenhegoesout,hewearsclotheswithbrightcolors（red,blueandyellow）.Heisespeciallycrazyaboutnewglasses,hebuysanewpaireveryfewweeks.“Iliketolookdifferenteveryday，”hesays.Carltonstartedwearingglasseswhenhewastwelve.Hedyed（给……染色）hishairredwhenhewas18.Itisstillred,andthisyear,forthefirsttime,hehasgrownabeard.“Mywifelikesit,that'swhy”ishisexplanation.Buthisbeardisblack!()1.HowoldwasCarltonwhenhewrotehisfirstbook?11.B.21.C.24.D.25.()2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword進”referto?Carlton'shair.B.Carlton'sbeard.C.Carlton'scoat.D.Carlton'scompany.()3.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph5?Carltonlikestolookdifferent.Carltonisahardworkingperson.Carltoniscrazyaboutnewglasses.Carltonloveswearingcolorfulclothes.()4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?Carltonisjustacommonfashiondesigner.Carltonstartedhisnewfashioncompanyin2005.CarltonmadehisfirstshowafterhegotmarriedtoSusan.Carltongotsomedesignexperiencebeforegoingtocollege.Passage6(2018无锡)ThisyeartheUSwillhonour(纪念)oneofthecountry'smostfamouswriters一MarkTwain(1835-1910).MostreadersknowthathisrealnamewasSamuelLonghorneClemens,buthowmanyknowwherethepenname“MarkTwain”camefrom?TheanswershowsClemens'colourfulearlylifebeforehebecameawriter.“MarkTwain”wasthecryshoutedonashipwhentheshipenteredapartofariverthatwastwofathoms(6feet)deep.“Twain”isanoldfashionedwayofsaying“two”.TwaintrainedasashippilotontheMississippiriverfortwoyears,atimethathewroteaboutinthehumorousLifeontheMississippi(1883)．Thefamousriverwouldbecomeanimportantthemeinmanyofhisworks—whocouldforgetthejourneyofHuckandJimalongitinhismostfamousbook,TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn(1884)?Withlittleeducation,hehadtoteachhimselfhowtowritestories.Wheneverpossible,hewouldgotopubliclibraries.Therehespentmuchtimereadingandthinking,whichgreatlyhelpedhimwithhiswriting.Ontheotherhand,hislifeexperiencesgavehimwonderfulmaterialtowriteaboutandattractreaders.Twainwroteinastylethathasbeencalled“localcolour”becauseitshowsgreatknowledgeoflocalpeopleandtheircustoms.ThisgiftisveryclearinthetwobooksforwhichTwainisstillcelebratedtoday:TheAdventuresofTomSawyer(1876)anditsfollow-upTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn,whichmanypeoplecall“TheGreatAmericanNovel”．ThemostamazinginventioninthebookisthevoiceofHuckhimself.Huckdidnotenjoyschooling.Itshowsinthewayheuseslanguage,inaspokenstyle.OnlyamasterlikeTwaincouldcopythewayayoungsouthernboytalkedsowell.()1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gift”meaninthepassage?Twain'stalentforself-teaching.Twain's“localcolour”writingstyle.Twain'sgoodsenseofhumour.Twain'sexperiencesasashippilot.()2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthebestpartofTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn?Thedeepsocialmeaning.Theexcitinglifeexperiences.ThespecialwaythatHucktalks.TheniceviewoftheMississippi.()3.Whichisthemostsuitableplaceinthepassageforthesentence,“Twaindidnotcomefromthewriter'sbackgroundyoumightexpect.”？AtthebeginningofParagraph2.AtthebeginningofParagraph3.AtthebeginningofParagraph4.AtthebeginningofParagraph5.()4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?MarkTwain'scareerasagreatwriter.MarkTwain'sinterestindescribinglocallife.MarkTwain'sachievementsinAmericanliteraturefield.MarkTwain'slifeexperienceswhichinfluencedhiswriting.Passage7（2018南京）RachelCarson（1907-1964）wasapioneeroftheworld'senvironmentalmovementthroughherwritingabouttheprotectionofthenaturalworld.Her1962bookSilentSpringmadeherwellknownbymanypeople.Itdescribestheharmfulchangesintheenvironmentofusingtoxic（有害的）chemicalsonfarmland.Carson'scareerstartedasabiologistintheUSBureauofFisheries.ln1951shepublishedherfirstbook,TheSeaAroundUs,whichbecameabestseller.Itmadeherrichenoughtoleaveherjobanddevoteherlifetowriting.Shewasagiftedwriter.Hernexttwobookswerealsoabouttheoceansandbothtoppedthebooksaleslists.Carson'sbookSilentSpringcompletelychangedthewayAmericathoughtaboutnature.Itpaintedableak（荒凉的）futureforthewholenaturalworld.Itledtoanationwideban（禁止）ontheuseofadeadlychemicalcalledDDT,andothertoxicpesticides侬药）thatfarmersusedfortheircrops.ManypeoplesaythebookledtothecreationofAmerica'sEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.Sinceherdeath,Carson'snamehascontinuedtobeconnectedwithprotectingtheenvironment.ThereisnowayearlyRachelCarsonBookPrize.NorwayawardstheRachelCarsonPrizetowomenwhohavemadegreatcontributionstothefieldofenvironmentalprotection.In1980,16yearsafterherdeath,shewasawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedom,thehighestcivilianhonourinAmerica.（）1.WhathappenedtoRachelCarsonin1962?Shestartedtowritebooks.Shegaveupworkingasabiologist.HerbookTheSeaAroundUssoldwell.HerbookSilentSpringmadeherfamous.()2.WhatmostprobablymadeRachelCarsonleaveherjob?Shegotanaward.ShepublishedSilentSpring.TheSeaAroundUsbroughtherenoughmoney.D.TheUSgovernmenttooknoticeofherresearches.()3.WhyisthebookSilentSpringimportanttoAmerica'senvironmentalprotection?Itdescribesasilentspring.Ittoppedthebooksaleslists.ItchangedhowAmericathoughtaboutnature.ItincludesallCarson'sresearchachievements.()4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“I”inParagraph3mean?ThebookSilentSpring.ThewayAmericathought.TheUSBureauofFisheries.America'sEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.()5.WhywasRachelCarsonawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedom?ShepublishedthebookSilentSpring.ShedidalotofresearchesfortheUSBureauofFisheries.ShedonatedmuchmoneytotheRachelCarsonBookPrize.Shemadegreatcontributionstotheenvironmentalprotection.参考答案专项训练一人物故事Passage1【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。李老师在办公室被飞进来的球砸到，他以留纸条的方式将球归还给犯错的学生。这说明李老师既聪明又善良。BACDPassage2【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。Zach是个乐于助人的年轻人，从很小的时候就开始帮助别人。现在他通过徒步的方式筹款，帮助无家可归的孩子们。DABCCPassage3【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了布莱恩喜欢喜剧并立志成为喜剧演员，但他的梦想却被同学嘲笑。他不忘初心，抓住机会；坚持梦想，获得成功。1.C2.A3.D4.BPassage4【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了传奇人物丽贝卡•夏洛克的故事。她能记住日常生活中所有事件的细节，但这种超常的记忆力给她带来的并不都是甜蜜。1.D2.D3.B4.D5.APassage5【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了与众不同的服装设计师CarltonJoseph的故事。C【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：当Carlton写第一本书的时候他多少岁了？根据第三段的“...in2004,andhewrotehisfirstbookinthesameyear.'可知，他2004年写了第一本书。又根据第二段第一句可知，他出生于1980年。因此他写第一本书时是24岁。故选C。B【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：划线单词“it”指的是什么？根据最后一段的“...hehasgrownabeard.‘Mywifelikesit...'”可知，it指代Carlton的胡子。故选B。A【解析】段落大意题。题干意为：第五段的主旨大意是什么？第五段通过叙述Carlton的穿着和对眼镜的痴迷来叙述Carlton喜欢看起来与众不同。故选A。D【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据短文，下面哪一项是正确的？根据第二段“...Carltonstarteddesigning...atcollege.”可知，他在上大学前就有服装设计经验了。故选D。Passage6【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了美国伟大的作家马克吐温的生活经历。而这种经历深深地影响了他的作品，为他的作品打上了“地方色彩”的烙印。B【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：本文中，划线词“gift”意思是什么？上一段主要说明了马克•吐温作品的“localcolour”,而“Thisgiftisveryclear...”是承接上一段，所以gift应是指localcolour。故选B。C【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：根据短文，哪一个是《哈克贝利•费恩历险记》最精彩的部分？根据最后一段第一句“ThemostamazinginventioninthebookisthevoiceofHuckhimself.”可知选C。C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：“Twaindidnotcomefromthewriter'sbackgroundyoumightexpect.”最适合放在短文哪里？根据文章第四段第一句话可知，马克吐温几乎没有受过教育，他是通过自学成才的，所以需要把这段话放到第四段开头作为引文过渡衔接。D【解析】主旨大意题。题干意为：本文主要讲述了什么？纵观全文，本文前两段概述了马克•吐温名字的来历，后五段叙述了马克•吐温的经历以及其这些经历对他的作品的影响。实际上，马克•吐温名字的来历也是其经历的一部分，所以本文主要概括了马克•吐温的经历以及他的经历对其作品的影响。故选DoPassage7【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了美国著名的海洋生物学家蕾切尔卡逊的生平事迹，她的作品《寂静的春天》开启了美国以至于全世界的环境保护事业，1980年——她去世16年后，被追授“总统自由勋章”。D【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：在1962年蕾切尔•卡逊发生了什么事情？由文章第一段第二句“Her1962bookSilentSpringmadeherwellknownbymanypeople.”可知，在1962年，她的作品《寂静的春天》使她出名。故选DoC【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：是什么最可能让蕾切尔•卡逊放弃了她的工作？由文章第二段第三句“Itmadeherrichenoughtoleaveherjobanddevoteherlifetowriting.”可知，她的书给她带来足够的钱可以让她专心写作。故选CoC【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：为什么《寂静的春天》对美国环境保护来说很重要？由文章第三段第一句“Carson'sbookSilentSpringcompletelychangedthewayAmericathoughtaboutnatu可矢”《寂静的春天》完全改变了美国考虑自然的方式所以它对美国环境保护来说很重要。故选C。A【解析】代词指代题。题干意为：划线单词“I在第三段指的是什么？由It前一句“Carson'sbookSilentSpringcompletelychangedthewayAmericathoughtal可utnature.”知，It指代《寂静的春天》这本书。故选A。D【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：为什么蕾切尔卡逊被授予总统自由勋章”？从整篇文章来看，蕾切尔卡逊改变了美国考虑环境的方式，她抵制DDT等有害化学药品，为世界环境做出了非常巨大的贡献，所以被授予总统自由勋章”故选D。专项训练二教育故事时间：8~10分钟/篇分值：2分/小题Passage1（2018随州）Yearsago,Ilivedinabuildinginalargecity.Thebuildingnextdoorwasonlyafewfeetawayfrommine.Therewasawomanwholivedthere,whomIhadnevermet,yetIcouldseeherseatedbyherwindoweachafternoon,sewingorreading.Afterseveralmonthshadgoneby,Ibegantonoticethatherwindowwasdirty.Everythingwasunclearthroughthedirtywindow.Iwouldsaytomyself，“Iwonderwhythatwomandoesn'twashherwindow.Itreallylooksterrible.”OnebrightmorningIdecidedtocleanmyflat,includingwashingthewindowontheinside.LateintheafternoonwhenIfinishedthecleaning,Isatdownbythewindowwithacupofcoffeeforarest.Whatasurprise!Thewomansittingbyherwindowwasclearlyseen.Herwindowwasclean!ThenIbegantounderstandit.Ihadbeencriticizing（批评）herdirtywindow,butallthetimeIwaswatchinghersthroughmyowndirtywindow.Thatwasquiteanimportantlessonforme.HowoftenhadIlookedatandcriticizedothersthroughthedirtywindowofmyheart,throughmyownshortcomings（缺点）？Fromthenon,wheneverIwanttojudge（判断）someone,Iaskmyselffirst,“AmIlookingathimthroughmyowndirtywindow？”ThenItrytocleanthewindowofmyownworldsothatImayseeothers'worldmoreclearly.（）1.Thewritercouldn'tseeeverythingclearlythroughthewindowbecause．thewoman'swindowwasdirtyhiswindowwasdirtythewomanlivedfarawaythewriterwasnearsighted（近视的）（）2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Boththewomanandthewriterlivedinasmalltown.Thewriteroftencleanedthewindow.Boththewomanandthewriterworkedascleaners.Thewriternevermetthewoman.（）3.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat．oneshouldn'tcriticizeothersveryoftenoneshouldoftenkeephiswindowcleanoneshouldjudgehimselfbeforehejudgesothersoneshouldlookatothersthroughhisdirtywindowPassage2（2018巴中）“Everythinghappensforthebest.”WheneverIfaceddisappointment,mymotherwouldsaythistome.AfterIgraduatedfromcollegein2002,Idecidedtofindajobinradioasasportsannouncer（播音员）.IwenttoChicagoandknockedatthedoorofeverystation.Butunluckily,Iwasrefusedeverytime.Atonestation,akindladytoldmethatbigstationswouldn'thire（雇佣）aninexperiencedpersonandsuggestedthatItrymyluckatsmallerstations.Followingheradvice,IwentbacktoDixon.Therewerenoradio-announcingjobsinDixon,andmyfathersaidanewly-openedstorewantedalocalsportsmantoworkforit.Iappliedfor（申请）thejob,butIwasrefusedagain.“Everythinghappensforthebest，”Momremindedme.ItriedWOCRadioinDavenport,Iowa.Theprogramdirector,Peter,toldmetheyhadalreadyhiredanannouncer.Ilefthisoffice,andfelttotallydisappointed.WhileIwaswaitingfortheelevator,Iheardsomeonecalling.ItwasPeter.“Whatdoyouknowaboutsports?Doyouknowanythingaboutfootball?”Thenheaskedmetobroadcast（播扌报）animaginarygame.Pleasedwithmyperformance,heofferedmeachancetoworkthere.Onmywayhome,Ithoughtofmymother'swords,“Ifyoucarryon,onedaysomethinggoodwillhappen.Somethingwouldn'thavehappenedifnotforthatprevious（先前的）disappointment.”()1.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,thewriter．foundajobinaradiostationcouldn'tfindajobasasportsannouncerwasalreadyexperienced()2.firstofferedthewriterachancetoworkasanannouncer.AkindladyB.AprogramdirectorC.Hermother()3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Akindladyofferedthewriterajobatfirst.Thewriter'sparentsweredisappointedather.Bigstationsusuallyhireexperiencedpeople.()4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Thewriterlearnedalotfromwhathermothersaid.Therewasaradio-announcingjobatcollege.Thewriterdidn'twanttobeasportsannounceratall.()5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?Somethinghappensbecauseofthedisappointment.Youcanfindajobwithoutanyexperience.Everythinghappensforthebest.Passage3(2018青岛)“Iwillthinkofit.”Itiseasytosaythis,butdoyouknowwhatgreatthingshavecomefromthinking?SirIsaacNewtonwassittinginhisgardenwhenhesawanapplefallfromatree.Hebegantothinkandtriedtofindoutwhytheapplefell.Thenhediscoveredhowthesun,moon,andstarsarekeptintheirplaces.AboynamedJamesWattsatquietlybythefire,watchingthelidofthekettlemoveupanddown.Hewantedtofindoutwhythesteaminthekettlemovedthelid.Fromthattimehewentonthinkingandthinking.Andwhenhebecameaman,heimprovedthesteamengine(蒸汽机)somuchthatitcouldeasilydotheworkofmanyhorses.JamesFergusonwasapoorboy.Once,seeingtheinsideofawatch,hewondered.“WhyshouldInotmakeawatch?”Buthowcouldhegetthematerialstomakethemainspring伟中表的主发条)?Hesoonfoundhecouldmakeitwithwhalebone(鲸骨).Hethenmadeawoodenclockwhichkeptgoodtime.Hismotto(座右铭)was“Iwillthinkofit.”Andhemadehisthoughtsusefultohimselfandtheworld.Boysandgirls,whenyouhaveadifficultlessontolearn,don'tloseheart,anddon'tasksomeoneforhelpbeforehelpingyourselves.Think,andbythinkingyouwilllearnhowtothinktosomepurpose.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z()1.Fromthepassage,weknowthatsomegreatthingscomefrom．listeningB.readingC.speakingD.thinking()2.TheideaofIsaacNewton'sdiscoverywasfrom．thefallingofanappleB.thecleaningofagardenC.thefallingofatreeD.themovingofalid()3.TheachievementofJamesWattwasthathe．keptthinkingfoundthesteaminthekettleimprovedthesteamenginemuchwatchedthelidmoveupanddown()4.Therightorderofthefollowingsentencesis．JamesFergusonmadeawoodenclock.JamesFergusonsawtheinsideofawatch.JamesFergusonmadethemainspringwithwhalebone.A.③②①B.②③①C.②①③D.③①②（）5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?Learntoaskforhelp.Adifficultlessontolearn.Itiseasytosay“Iwillthinkofit.”Think,andbythinkingyouwilllearnhowtothinktosomepurpose.Passage4（2018东营）Agentlemanonceadvertised（登广告）foraboytohelphiminhisoffice,andnearlyfiftypersonsaskedfortheplace.Outofthewholenumberheinashorttimechoseone,andsentalltheotherboysaway.“Ishouldliketoknow，”saidafriend，“onwhatgroundyouchosethatboy.Hedidn'tevenhavearecommendation（推荐信）withhim.”“Youaremistaken，”saidthegentleman，“hehadagreatmany：—“Hemadehisshoescleanwhenhecamein,andclosedthedoorafterhim;showingthathewasorderly（井然有序的）.“Hegavehisseattothedisabledoldman;showingthathewas．“Hetookoffhiscapwhenhecamein,andansweredmyquestionsquicklyandrespectfully（恭敬地）；showingthathewaspolite.“HeliftedupthebookwhichIhadpurposely（故意地）laidonthefloor,andputitonthetable,whilealltheotherssteppedoveritorpusheditaside；showingthathewascareful.“Andhewaitedquietlyforhisturn,insteadofpushingtheothersaside;showingthathewasmodest（谦逊的）.“WhenItalkedwithhim,Inoticedthathisclotheswerecarefullybrushed,hishairinniceorder,andhisteethaswhiteasmilk.Whenhewrotehisname,Inoticedthathisfingernailswereclean；insteadofhavingsomeuntidypersonalhabits.“Don'tyoucallthesethingslettersofrecommendation?Ido;andthethingsthatIcandiscoveraboybyusingmyeyesfortenminutes,isworthmorethanallthefinelettersthathecanbring.”（）1.Choosetherightwordtocompletethesentenceinparagraph5accordingtothecontext（上下文）.kindB.smartC.lovelyD.healthy（）2.Howdidthegentlemanknowtheboywaspolite?Hemadehisshoescleanwhenhecamein.Hetookoffhiscapwhenhecamein.Hewaitedquietlyforhisturn.Histeethandfingernailswereclean.（）3.Thegentlemanlaidthebookonthefloorbecause.heusedtobelikethishewantedtoknowwhowasorderlyhetriedtoknowwhohadtidypersonalhabitshewantedtotestthepeoplewhoaskedforthejob（）4.Howmanyreasonsmadethegentlemanchoosethatboy?Five.B.Six.C.Seven.D.Eight.（）5.Whatcanyoulearnfromthispassage?Thegentlemanisawiseman.Allgentlemencanchoosetherightpersonbyusingtheireyes.Goodbehaviors（行为）andgo