全新版大学英语综合教程第二版4unit1languagestudy1

Book4Unit1TextATheIcyDhecaseof:asfaras…isconcerned--Theriseininterestratewillbedisastrousinthecaseofsmallfirms.2.stand/get/beintheway:preventfromdoingsth.--Manyteacherscomplainthattheycan’tmakeanyimprovementinteachingmethodsastheexistingexamsystemgetsintheway.--Don’tletyoursociallifegetinthewayofyourstudy.3.devastate:1)destroysomethingseverelyandcompletely--Thefire~dthewholestreet.tomakesomeonefeelveryshockedandupset:2)--Hisparentswere~dbyhisappearance.devastated:feelingveryshockedandupsetdevastating:causinggreatharmordamage;veryshockingandupsetting--Gamblingcanhavea~effectonfamilies.--Itisalwaysdevastatingtobediagnosedwithaterminalillness.4.raw:coldandwetandunpleasant湿而寒冷的;生的，未煮过的；原始的--TheeventtookplaceonarawFebruarymorning.--Thisafternoonisraw./rawweather/rawwind5.bleak:coldandmiserable阴冷的，寒冷的;withoutanyreasontofeelhappyandhopeful,depressing没指望的，令人沮丧的--bleakwinter--Thestreetlooked~withsomanyhousespulleddownbytheearthquake.--Thingslookvery~fortheteam.6.mowdown:killalotofpeoplequicklyandviolently,especiallybyshootingthem7.decisive:abletomakechoicesordecidewhattodoquicklyandconfidently--Asachairperson,hewasfirmanddecisive.indecisive;indecision8.bog:causetobestuckinwetandsoftgroundandunabletomove--Themeetinggotboggeddownwithdisputes.9.engage:1)toattractandkeepsomeone’sinterestorattention:--Agoodradioscriptshouldbeableto~thelistener.2)starttoemploysomeoneorusetheirservices雇用，聘:--Thecompanyistoengageanewsalesdirector.3)tostarttofightwithanenemyinabattle交战engage(oneself)insomething/beengagedin:takepartinaparticularactivity从事于，参加--Hewantstoengage(himself)inforeigntrade.--Engagesomeoneinconversation.--Wewereengagedinadebate.--Ihavenotimetoengageingossip.engaged:--Sheis~toayoungofficer.订婚--Thelineis~now.占线了10.takeagamble/thegambleofdoingsomething:takeariskdoingsomething--Ithinksheistakingagambleinvestingallhermoneyinstocks.11.bideone’stime:waitpatientlyforachance--Heisbidinghistimeforanattackonhispoliticalrivals.12.presson/ahead:continuetodosomethinginadeterminedway--TheMinistryofEducationiskeentopressonwithreformsinEnglishteaching.13.dragon:moveslowlyandwithefforts;continueendlesslyandtediously--Themeetinghasdraggedonthewholedaywithoutanyresolution.14.swell(swelled-swelled;swelled-swollen)--Therainswelledtheriver.(Theriveroverflowedbecauseoftherain)--Ourdebthasbeenswelling.(expand)--Myheartswelledwithregret.(befilledwith)15.exile:--Napoleonwasfirstexiledin1814.exilesomebodyto(someplace)send/force/drivesomebodyintoexile16.catchsomebodyoffguard：makeasurpriseattackon--Caughtoffguard,hewasstunnedtheresayingnothing.--Themanagerdidn’tknowwhattosay.Itwasclearthatmyquestionhadcaughthimoffguard.17.bringtoahalt:stopcompletely--Ourjourneywasbroughttoahaltbyastorm.18.turnthetideagainst:changewhatlookslikedefeatintovictory--SovietvictoryinStalingradturnedthetideofwar.19.thanksto:becauseof--Thankstotheirtirelessefforts,theperformancewasagreatsuccess.20.heroic:verybrave--Heisfamedforhisheroicdeedsduringthewar.21.render:causetobe--Hundredsofpeoplewererenderedhomelessbytheearthquake.22.reckon:count,consider--Wereckoninterestfromthedayofdeposittodayofwithdrawal.--Ourchildrencan’treckonyet.--Heisreckonedamongmyrivals.--Manypeoplereckonhimtobeagreatbasketballplayer.reckonon:relyonreckonin:countinreckonwith:takesomethingintoaccount(不容无视，不可低估)--Sheiscertainlyagirltobereckonedwith.23.toll:1)thenumberofpeopleoranimalskilledorinjured:--Thetollofroaddeathsandinjurieskeepsontherise.--Thefloodtookatollof300lives.2)chargefortheuseofbridgeandroad通行费:tollbooth收费站;tollbar(收费站的闸口)；tollroad收费道路takeitstollon:causedamageorinjuries--Hishardworkhastakenitstollonhisstomach.TextBTheNormandyLanding1.incase:万一--Takeahatwithyouincasethesunisveryhot.inanycase无论如何incaseof万一inthecaseof在……情况下2.favorable:--Thesituationis~tous.--Heis~toourplan.3.holdout:--Forthosenottotallydeaf,electronicsholdsouthope.电子学给非全聋的人带来了希望。--Heheldouthisarmstoembracehisson.伸出双臂拥抱--Thecityheldoutforthreemonthsundersiege.该城在炮火围攻下坚持抵抗达3个月。--Willthewatersupplyholdoutthroughthesummer?维持4.cancel=calloffpostpone=putoff5.priorto:before--Thecontractwillbesignedpriortotheceremony.6.payoff:--Theinvestmentpaidoffatlast.得到好的结果--Soontheypaidofftheloan.还清贷款crucial&decisive近义词手册:crucial意为“决定性的、极为重要的〞,语气较弱,强调的是为了获得满意的结果绝对有必要促使某事发生.可后接介词for或to.e.g.Hearrivedatthecrucialmoment.Gettingthiscontractiscrucialforthefutureofthecompany.decisive意为“坚决地、果断的〞,尤其指在难决断的事物前表现果断的.可修饰人或其言语.e.g.adecisiveleaderHegaveadecisiveanswer.OxfordAdvancedLearner’sEnglish-ChineseDictionarycrucial~(to/forsth)/~(that…)extremelyimportant,becauseitwillaffectotherthingse.g,a~factor/issue/decisiontopicsof~importanceforeducationWinningthiscontractis~tothesuccessofthecompany.Thenextfewweeksaregoingtobe~.Itis~thatwegetthisright.Parentsplaya~roleinpreparingtheirchildforschool.Hewasn’tthereatthe~moment.decisiveveryimportantforthefinalresultofaparticularsituationabletodecidesth.quicklyandwithconfidencee.g.a~factor/victory/battleShehasplayeda~roleinthepeacenegotiation.Thegovernmentmusttake~actiononguncontrol.cru·cialadj.extremelysignificantorimportant:acrucialproblem.vitaltotheresolutionofacrisis;decisive:acrucialelection.cruciallyadv.WORDHISTORYAcrucialelectionislikeasignpostbecauseitshowswhichwaytheelectorateismoving.Themetaphorofasignpost,infact,givesusthesenseofthewordcrucial,“ofsupremeimportance,critical.〞FrancisBaconusedthephraseinstantiacrucis,“crucialinstance,〞torefertosomethinginanexperimentthatprovesoneoftwohypothesesanddisprovestheother.Bacon'sphrasewasbasedonasenseoftheLatinwordcrux,“cross,〞whichhadcometomean“aguidepostthatgivesdirectionsataplacewhereoneroadbecomestwo,〞andhencewassuitableforBacon'smetaphor.BothRobertBoyle,oftencalledthefatherofmodernchemistry,andIsaacNewtonusedthesimilarLatinphraseexperimentumcrucis,“crucialexperiment.〞WhenthesephrasesweretranslatedintoEnglish,theybecamecrucialinstanceandcrucialexperiment.de·ci·siveadj.havingthepowertodecide;conclusive.characterizedbydecisionandfirmness;resolute.