初中英语语法 非谓语动词课件

专题十非谓语动词非谓语动词动词不定式动名词分词构成：（to）+动词原形作用：主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语、状语。构成:v+ing作用：表语、宾语、表语、定语构成：v+ing/v+ed作用：表语、补语、定语、状语一、动词不定式作宾语Whatsportsdoesheliketoplay?Helikestoplaybasketball.

只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不做介词宾语。

a.表示命令、打算、或希望的词或词组，如：wouldlike,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,expect等。

Wouldyoulike

tohaveacupoftea?Tomdecided

tostudyhardforthefinalexam.b.find,think等后跟动词不定式作宾语时，常用it作形式宾语。IfinditeasytoreadEnglisheveryday.LiLeirealizeditnecessaryforhimtogetupearlytodosomeexerciseforhefoundhewasgettingfatterandfatter.

c.常见的不带to的动词不定式作宾语的结构。

Whynotdosth?hadbetter(not)do...wouldratherdo...Could/Wouldyouplease(not)do...?作表语Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.=Tocleantheroomeverydayismywork.

多数情况下，动词不定式作表语可转换为主语。

作宾补Mymotheraskedme

totakeoutthetrashthismorning.

动词不定式作宾补时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。tell,ask,want,allow,get,wouldlike,encourageOurteachertellsus

tofinishhomeworkontime.Lilyencourageshersister

tosingasongforthefamily.作定语Haveyougotanything

tosay?

动词不定式作定语，要后置。有逻辑上的动宾关系。如果是不及物动词，动词不定式后要加上适当的介词。Thereisnothing

toworryabout.Tomalwaystellslies,sohehasnofriend

toplaywith.

做状语

I'msorrytotroubleyou.(原因)

IwenttothelibrarytostudyEnglish.(目的)逻辑主语要和主语一致。作主语

WatchingTVtoomuch

isbadforyourhealth.

谓语动词用单数。作宾语

表示习惯性的动作或抽象行为。

Ilike

playingbasketballverymuch.（动宾）Stampsareusedfor

sendingletters.（介宾）初中阶段常见动名词作宾语的词：

finish,enjoy,mind,miss,practice,

beworthdoingsthhavefundoingsth

bebusydoingsthfeellikedoingsth

havetrouble/problem(in)doingsth

spend...(in)doingsth

beusedtodoingsth作表语

Hishobbyiscollectingstamps=Collectingstampsishishobby.多数情况下，动名词作表语可转换为作主语。作定语Sheisinthereadingroom.Studentsareplayingattheswimmingpool.Weshouldimproveourteachingmethods.

只表示它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等，置于被修饰词之前。三、分词现在分词：动词+ing（表主动、进行）

过去分词：动词+ed（表被动、完成）作补语Don'tkeepus

waitingforalongtime.Iheardhim

singingintheclassroom.He'llhavehishair

cut.Marygotherears

pierced.现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动。动词后接动词不定式和动名词的区别lookat,see,watch,hear,find,feel等感官动词后接不带to动词不定式做宾补时，表动作的全过程已经结束或存在的事实；接现在分词表示动作正在进行。

Isawhimcrosstheroad.我看见他过了马路。Isawhimcrossingtheroad.我看见他正在过马路。Ifeltsomethinghitmeontheback.我感觉有东西打了我的后背。Canyoufeelthetrainslowingdown?你感觉到火车正在减速吗？Theyknowherverywell.Theyhaveseenhergrowupfromchildhood.他们很了解她。他们是看着她从小长大的。

某些含有介词to的固定短语1.beusedtodoing...习惯，适应······Sheisusedtogettingupearly.2.prefer...to...两者之间更喜欢······Ipreferwalkingtocycling.3.lookforwardto...期盼，盼望Welookforwardtoseeingyouagain.4.devoteto献身，致力于······LeiFenghasdevotedhislifetohelpingothers.5.makeacontributionto为······做贡献Weshouldmakeacontributiontoprotectingtheearth.1.Ihope____(find)agoodjobinaforeigncompanyafterIgraducatefromschool.2.Chinaisa_______(develop)country.3.Hefoundithard___________(catchupwith)hisclass.4.Motherasksme_______(notplay)computergamesbeforefinishingmyhomework.5.AllthechildrenlikeMr.Whiteverymuchbecauseheoftenmakeshim_____(laugh)6.Wehavetworooms____(live)in,butIcan'tdecidewhichone_______(choose).7.Theboy______(sta