2020-2021年 阅读理解记叙文综合测试(含答案)

2020-2021年阅读理解记叙文综合测试（含答案）一、英语阅读理解记叙文（含答案详细解析）1．阅读理解SittingamongthecheeringfansoftheChineseWomen'sVolleyballTeaminRiodeJaneiro,aPolishfancaughtalotofattention.ItisnotbecauseheisnotChinese,butbecausehehasfollowedtheteamcloselyfromtheverybeginningThe60-year-oldJozeffellinlovewiththeChineseWomen'sVolleyballTeamatthefirstsightwhenhewatchedthegirlsattheLondonOlympicsonTVin2012.ThePolishmanwascrazyabouttheperformancesoftheyoungteam,especiallybyitscoreplayerHuiRuoqi.BeforethatJozefwasaloyalfanofhishometeam-thePolishmen'svolleyball.Sincethen,Jozefhasbecomecrazyabouttheteamandhaskepttrackofalmostalltheirinternationalcompetitions.Backinthe2013MontreuxVolleyMastersofSwitzerland,thePolishman,forthefirsttime,cametocheerupfortheteamonsite.HealsodroveallthewayfromPolandtoItalytolendsupportforthegirlsduringthe2014Women'sWorldVolleyballChampionship.ThehardcorefantraveledhundredsofmilesfromPolandtoBrazil,andbookedticketsforallmatchesoftheChineseWomen'sVolleyball.Thistime,JozefwasinterviewedbyTVandhasbeenrecognizedbynotjustfans,butmillionsofChineseTVaudience.The"Polishgrandpa"wasanicknamegivenbyChinesevolleyballfans.Hehas18,000followersonSinaWeibo,China'sanswertoTwitter,whereJozefhasbeensharinghisobsessionwithChineseinternetuserssince2013.（1）WhydidJozefgetmuchattention？HewasinterviewedbyChineseTV.HeisafamousandloyalPolishfan.HehassupportedtheChineseteamfromthestart.HewassittingamongthefansoftheChineseteam.（2）WhendidJozeffirstbecomeinterestedintheChineseWomen'sVolleyballTeam？In2012.B.In2013.C.In2014.D.In2015.（3）HowdidJozefcometoItalytosupporttheChineseWoomen'sVolleyballTeam？BycarB.BybusC.BybikeD.Byplane（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？JozefhasalreadyhadmillionsoffansinPoland.Jozefhasbeenafanofhishometeamsince2012.JozeffirstcheeredupfortheChineseteamonsitein2014.JozefhasfollowedmostoftheinternationalmatchesoftheChineseteam.（5）WhathasJozefbeendoingonSinaWeibo？GivingsupporttothePolishteamSharinghislovefortheChineseteamAnsweringquestionsaboutplayingvolleyballBookingticketsformatchesoftheChineseteam【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）A（4）D（5）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了中国女排的铁杆球迷“波兰爷爷”。他从一开始就密切关注球队现年60岁的乔泽夫在2012年伦敦奥运会的电视上看到这些女孩时，第一眼就爱上了中国女排。波兰人对青年队的表现非常着迷，尤其是对其核心球员惠若奇的表现。在2014年世界女子排球锦标赛上，他还从意大利的波兰多驱车前往支持这些女孩。这位铁杆球迷从波兰到巴西旅行了数百英里，并预订了中国女排所有比赛的门票。不仅得到了电视迷的认可，也得到了数以百万计的中国电视观众的认可。他在新浪微博上有18000名粉丝，这是中国对Twitter的回应。（1）细节理解题。根据ItisnotbecauseheisnotChinese,butbecausehehasfollowedtheteamcloselyfromtheverybeginning这不是因为他不是中国人，而是因为他从一开始就密切关注球队。可只是因为他从一开始就支持中国队，故答案选C。（2）细节理解题。根据The60-year-oldJozeffellinlovewiththeChineseWomen'sVolleyballTeamatthefirstsightwhenhewatchedthegirlsattheLondonOlympicsonTVin2012.现年60岁的乔泽夫在2012年伦敦奥运会的电视上看到这些女孩时，第一眼就爱上了中国女排。可知是从2012年开始，故答案选A。（3）细节理解题。根据HealsodroveallthewayfromPolandtoItalytolendsupportforthegirlsduringthe2014Women'sWorldVolleyballChampionship在2014年世界女子排球锦标赛上，他还从意大利的波兰多驱车前往支持这些女孩，可知是开车。故答案选A。（4）细节理解题。根据andbookedticketsforallmatchesoftheChineseWomen'sVolleyball.并预定了中国女排所有比赛的门票。可知乔泽夫跟踪了中国队的大部分国际比赛，故答案选D。（5）细节理解题。根据Hehas18,000followersonSinaWeibo,China'sanswertoTwitter,whereJozefhasbeensharinghisobsessionwithChineseinternetuserssince2013.他在新浪微博上有18000名粉丝，这是中国对Twitter的回应，自2013年以来，Jozef—直在与中国网民分享他对Twitter的痴迷。可知他在微博上分享他对中国队的爱，故答案选B。【点评】考查阅读理解题，本文涉及到了细节理解题，细节理解体比较简单，可知直接从文章中找到答案。2．阅读理解Whenfacedwithdifficultsituationsintheirlives,manypeoplefindthemtoochallengingandgiveup,especiallyontheirlifedreams.ButnotforGabrielHeredia.Gabrrelisa21-year-oldArgentineanbarber(阿根廷理发师)whowasbornwithouthands.Buthewasabletogrowuphappyandindependentbecausehealwayshadthesupportoffriendsandfamily.Infact,hisinspirationforsuchworkwashismother,whoisahairdresser.Attheageof14,hebegantotakeinterestinherworkandlearnedallkindsofhaircuttingskillsfromher.Althoughhefirstsawitasaninterest,Gabrielquicklydecidedthatthiswashisdreamjob.Gabriel'sfamilysoonhelpedhimopenhisfirstbarbershopinSanIsidro,Peru,whichheworkedatforoneandahalfyears.There,hemetZlatanGomez,thepresidentofArgentinaCorta,anorganizationforbarberstoconnect,docharity(慈善)work,andteachhairdressing.Later,GabrielbecamepartofArgentinaCorta,offeringhisservicestopeopleofallagessotheycanbuilduptheskillstheyneedtogetajob.GabrielthenmovedtoBuenosAires,Argentinawherehecutshairtoday.Asabrightandcaringyoungman,Gabrieltrieshardtonotonlybeabarber,butalsomakeaconnectionwiththeneighborhood.Hesays,"ThethingthatIlikethemostaboutmyjobisthatpeoplefeelcomfortableandstylishwithmycutsandthatmakesmefeelhappy."Gabrielalwaysdoeshisbesttobeindependent.Henevergivesup.Thereisnothinghecan'tdo.Besidescuttinghair,hehaslearnedtorideabike,amotorbikeandeventodriveacar.Heisnodoubtinspiringothers.WhenGabrielwasborn,whatmadehimdifferentfromothers?Hewasbornwithouthands.Hisspecialhaircut.Hislifedream.Hishappinessandindependence.Atfirst,GabrielHeredialearnedhaircuttingskills.fromZlatanGomezB.fromhismotherC.fromhisfriendsD.byhimselfWhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutGabrielHerediaisNOTtrue?Hetrieshardtomakeaconnectionwiththeneighborhood.Hecannotonlycuthairbutalsodriveacar.HejoinedArgentinaCortaandtaughtothershaircuttingskillsinSanIsidro.HeopenedhisfirstbarbershopinBuenosAireswiththehelpofhisfamily.WhatdoesGabriel'sstorymainlytellus?Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.You'renevertoooldtolearn.Nothingisimpossibleifyoudon'tgiveup.Educationchangeslife.【答案】(1)A(2)B(3)D(4)C【解析】【分析】文章大意：很多人在面对困难时会选择放弃，但是加布里埃尔•赫雷迪亚没有放弃，他是一个理发师，生下来就没有双手，但是能够独立的成长，在家人的鼓励和支持下，实现了自己的梦想，后来帮搬到了阿根廷首都，布宜诺斯艾利斯，继续在那里理发。加布里埃尔总是尽力保持独立。他从不放弃。他什么都能做。除了剪发，他还学会了骑自行车、摩托车甚至开车。他无疑在激励别人。（1）细节理解题，根据whowasbornwithouthands.可知，使他与众不同的是剩下了就没有双手，故答案是A。（2）细节理解题，根据Infact,hisinspirationforsuchworkwashismother,whoisahairdresser.Attheageof14,hebegantotakeinterestinherworkandlearnedallkindsofhaircuttingskillsfromher.可知是他的理发技艺来自他的妈妈，故答案是B。（3）正误判断题题，根据Gabriel'sfamilysoonhelpedhimopenhisfirstbarbershopinSanIsidro,Peru,whichheworkedatforoneandahalfyears.可知他在家人的帮助下在秘鲁圣伊西德罗开了第一家理发店，而不是在布宜诺斯艾利斯，所以D的叙述错误，故答案是D。（4）细节理解题，根据根据文章内容可知，只要不放弃，什么都能成为可能，故答案是C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；文章出处题需要根据文章内容确定其来源；正误判断题属于细节理解题的一种，也需要根据文章内容进行判定。3．阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。Oncetherewasasmallhotelwhosekeeperwasalwayscaringaboutmoney.Oneday,abusinessmanarrived.Thekeeperlookedattheman'sthickwalletandthought,"Oh,Iwishthatallthemoneycouldbemine!"Thebusinessmandidn'tnoticethat,soheorderedthemostexpensiveroomandwenttohisroomtodressfordinner.Aroundthehotel,thereweresomebeautifulginger（姜）plants.Manypeoplesaidthateatingthebuds（芽）ofgingerwouldmakeapersonforgetful.Thekeeperthought,"IfIservesomebudsofgingertothebusinessman,hemaybeforgetfultotakehiswallet!"Thenshewenttothekitchen.Soon,businessmancamedownstairsandaskedfordinner.Thekeeperwasveryexcitedassheservedthedishtohim."Delicious!"saidtherichman.Whendinnerwasfinished,hewenttobedhappily.Inthenextmorning,thekeepersawthebusinessmanleavingfromthefrontdoor.Assoonashewasoutofsight,sheranuptohisroom.Shelookedallovertheroomforthewallet,butshecouldn'tfindit.Suddenly,shenoticedapieceofpaperonthefloor.Itwasthebusinessman'sbill（账单）.Hehadforgottentopayit!Sherandownthestairs,outofthefrontdoor,andacrosstheroaduntilshewasoutofbreath,butthebusinessmanwasalreadyfar,faraway."I'msosilly!”"criedthekeeper.（1）Thekeepercameupwithanideatoownthebusinessman'smoneywhen.shedressedherselfshecookedthemealinthekitchenthebusinessmanwentupstairshappilyshethoughtofthebudsofgingeraroundherhotel（2）Thekeeperranintothebusinessman'sroomassoonasheleftbecause.shewantedtofindtheman'sbillshewantedtofindthekeytotheman'sroomshewantedtocheckifthemanhadlefthismoneythereshewantedtoseeifthemanhadbrokenanythingintheroom（3）WhichifthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothispassage?Thekeeperrealizedthebudsofgingerdidn'tworkintheend.Thekeeperranafterthebusinessmanbecauseofthebill.Thebusinessmandidn'tknowtherumor（谣言）aboutthebudsofginger.Thebusinessmandidn'tpaythekeeper'sbillbecausehelosthismoney.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：一个贪财的旅店老板整天惦记着钱，一天一个商人来住店了，他认为商人有很多钱，于是就动了心思，他记着有些人说吃了姜芽可以让人失去记忆，于是他就给商人吃了姜芽，第二天当商人出门之后，他去了房间找钱，但是啥也没有，只发现了一个账单，那是住店的账单，这是他想起来了，商人还没有结账就走了。（1）细节理解题，根据Aroundthehotel,thereweresomebeautifulginger（姜）plants.Manypeoplesaidthateatingthebuds（芽）ofgingerwouldmakeapersonforgetful.可知，当他想起了旅店周围的姜的时候，想起了一个把商人的钱占为己有的方法，故答案是Do（2）细节理解题，根据Assoonashewasoutofsight,sheranuptohisroom.Shelookedallovertheroomforthewallet,butshecouldn'tfindit.可知，他去房间是为了找商人的钱，故答案是Co（3）正误判断题，根据Hehadforgottentopayit!可知没因为商人丧失了记忆力，忘记了结账，故答案是Do【点评】考查阅读理解，本文主要涉及到了细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题相对简单，一般可以直接从文中找到答案或者解题依据。正误判断题是细节理解的一种题型，也是根据文章内容进行判断的。4.阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Everyyear,morethan26,000childrenarriveinBritain.Weasksomenewarrivalswhattheylikebestabouttheirnewlivesandwhat'sdifferentfromhome.Jarek,PolandDaisy&Jarek,PolandDaisy&Luck,theUSAMysisterandIlikelivinghere.It'scool!MysisterlovestheBritishaccent（口音）MysisterandIlikelivinghere.It'scool!MysisterlovestheBritishaccent（口音）.Everybodyhereisverypolite.Butwedon'tunderstandallyourstrangewords-wesay""yard"notgarden,and""apartment"notflat.Thefoodisbetterhere.There'sChinese,IndianandThai.AthomeweeattoomuchZinah,Indiafastfood.It'stoocoldhere!Ihatedoingsports,especiallyoutsideinwinter.Theteacherhereisveryseriousaboutsports.Ipreferscienceandmaths.Ilovethemathsclassbecausetheteacherfastfood.（1）（1）Amongtheabovefourchildren,LuckB.Zinahprobablylikesthenewschoollifebest.JarckD.Daisy（2）InZinah'seyes,hermathsteacherinIndiamightbe_D.humorouscoldB.strictC.patientD.humorous（3）Thepassageisprobablytakenfromatravelmagazineaneducationwebsiteageographytextbookabusinessnewspaper【答案】（1）C（2）D(3)B【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了Jarek，Daisy，Lucy和Zinah来到英国以后自己的学习生活体验。细节理解题。根据文中第一个方框中的语句Iliketeachershere.可知，Jarek喜欢这里的学校生活，故选C。细节理解题。根据文中的语句Ilovethemathsclassbecausetheteacherisreallyfunny,justlikemymathsteacherinIndia.理解可知，Zinah认为他的数学老师比较滑稽，幽默，故选D。理解归纳题。通读全文可知，这篇文章主要介绍了四个到英国学习的学生自己的学习体会，应该与教育有关，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。5．阅读理解Maybewethreewerethemostunluckygraduatesinourschoolhistory.I'llneverforgetthedaywhenwehadourgraduationceremony（毕业典礼）.Iwasknownforbeingcareless.Ioftenfelldownfornoreason.SinceIfelloffthestage（舞台）duringmyPrimaryGraduationCeremony,myfamilybet（打赌）thatIwouldfalldownagainduringmynextgraduationceremony.Thedaycamesoquickly.Thistime,Iproudlymadeitthroughthewholeceremonywithoutfalling.butIknockedoverthewholebackdrop（背景板）usedtotakepicturesforgraduates!Ifeltsoembarrassed（尴尬的）thewholemorning.MyfriendJuliawasevenmoreembarrassed.Whenshetogetherwithallthegraduateswassittingquietlyinthehallateightinthemorning,shedidn'texpectherfathertocometoattendherceremonybecausehewasreallybusythen.Thehallwasveryquietandyoucouldevenhearapin（针）dropontheground.Whenallofasudden,outofthesilence,sheheard""Hey,Julia!"EveryoneinthehalllookedbehindandfoundJulia'sfather,withacamerainhishand,smilingather!Tiffanywasthemostbeautifulgirlofusthree.Shelovedallkindsofdresses.Onthatday,shedressedherselfbeautifullyandwantedtohavesomebeautifulphotos.Unluckily,itwasoneofthewindiestdaysofourlife.Thewindblewherbeautifuldressupinfrontofthewholegraduateclass!Shedidn'tknowwhethertocryorlaugh.Lucky?Unlucky?Solucky!Allofthesebecametheunforgettablepartofourlife!（1）Thewriterwasveryinherdailylife.carelessB.carefulC.friendlyD.lazy（2）Julia'sfatheratthegraduationceremony.satquietlyinhisseatwasbusywithhisworktookpicturesforherdroppedapinontheground（3）Thisstoryhappenedonamorning.A.cloudyB.windyC.sunnyD.rainy（4）Tiffanywasembarrassedbecausethatday.shefelloffthestageshedidn'thavebeautifuldressesherdresswasblownupherphotosweren'tunforgettable（5）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Thegirlsweren'tinthesameschool.Thewriterknockedoverthebackdrop.Juliaknewthatherfatherwouldcome.Tiffanylovedallkindsofshoes.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B（4）C（5）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了在毕业典礼上，三个孩子身上所发生的的尴尬的事。幸运？不吉利？如此幸运！所有这些都成为人们生活中难忘的一部分！（1）细节理解题，根据Iwasknownforbeingcareless.可知，作者在平常生活中很粗心，故答案是A。（2）逻辑推理题，根据EveryoneinthehalllookedbehindandfoundJulia'sfather,withacamerainhishand,smilingather!可知朱莉的爸爸在为朱莉拍照，故答案是C。（3）细节理解题，根据Thewindblewherbeautifuldressupinfrontofthewholegraduateclass!可知风把她漂亮的衣服在全班同学面前吹起来了，所以那天上午是一个大风天，故答案是B。（4）细节理解题，根据倒数第二段的叙述可知蒂芙尼窘迫的原因是漂亮的裙子被风吹起来了，故答案是C。（5）正误判断题，根据Iknockedoverthewholebackdrop（背景板）usedtotakepicturesforgraduates!可知作者弄到了拍照用的背景板，因此A的陈述是正确的，故答案是B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、逻辑推理题和正误判断题几种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要联系上下文，按照一定的逻辑推理方式推断出需要的信息正误判断题同属于细节理解题，需要根据短文内容进行判断。6．根据短文内容，从各题所给的四个选项中选择一个正确答案。Ayoungcoupledecidedtogocampinginthemountainstocelebratetheirfirstyearofmarriage.Theytookwiththemallthethingstheywouldneedtogocamping—warmclothes,foodandatent.Theywentuptothemountainsandfoundtheperfectplacetosetuptheirtent.Afterthat,theydecidedtogoforahike（远足）toseemoreofthemountains.Afteralonghike,theywentbacktotheircamp,builtafireandcookeddinner.Finally,itwastimetogotosleep,Sometimeinthemiddleofthenight,thewifewokeherhusbandupandsaid,"Lookupatthesky.Whatdoyousee?"Herhusbandanswered,"Iseemillionsofstars."Hiswifesaid,"That'sright.Whatdoesthatmeantoyou?"Thehusbandsaid,"Well,iftherearesomanystarsoutthere,thatmeanstheremightalsobeaplanetjustliketheplanetweliveon:Andifthat'strue,thentherecouldbelifeononeofthoseplanets,That'skindofexciting!"Hiswifesaid,"Youarewrong.Itmeansthatsomeonehasstolenourtent!"TOC\o"1-5"\h\z（1）Theyoungcouplewenttothemountainsto.A.gofishingB.haveapartyC.gocampingD.celebratebirthdays（2）Beforegoinghiking,they.A.builtafireB.setupatentC.wenttosleepD.cookeddinner（3）Thehusbandcouldseeinthesky.A.manynicebirdsB.lotsofplanesC.somedarkcloudsD.millionsofstars（4）Thewifewantedtotellherhusband.A.someonestoletheirtentB.thestarswerebeautifulC.peoplelivedonotherplanetsD.therewasaplanetliketheirs（5）Thebesttitleofthepassageis"".A.ABoringTripB.AGreatPlanetC.AMissingTentD.APerfectNight【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）A（5）C【解析】【分析】本文讲述一对年轻夫妇决定去山里露营庆祝他们结婚的第一年，半夜发现帐篷被偷了。（1）细节题。根据Ayoungcoupledecidedtogocampinginthemountainstocelebratetheirfirstyearofmarriage可知一对年轻夫妇决定去山里露营，故选C。（2）细节题。根据Theywentuptothemountainsandfoundtheperfectplacetosetuptheirtent.Afterthat,theydecidedtogoforahike（远足）toseemoreofthemountains可知去远足之前，他们搭个帐篷，故选B。（3）细节题。根据Herhusbandanswered,"Iseemillionsofstars可知丈夫看到数百万颗星星，故选D。（4）细节题。根据Itmeansthatsomeonehasstolenourtent可知妻子想告诉丈夫有人偷了他们的帐篷，故选A。（5）主旨题。根据本文讲述一对年轻夫妇决定去山里露营庆祝他们结婚的第一年，半夜发现帐篷被偷了可知AMissingTent适合做标题，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。7．阅读下面短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Acitywithoutcarswouldbeverystrange,right?ButVeniceissuchacity.Veniceisinthenorth-eastofItaly.Itwasn'tbuiltonland,likeBeijingorShanghai,butonmorethan110islands.Seawateriseverywherearoundthecity.Evenso,travelisn'tdifficult.Thewaterwayshavealwaysbeenthebestwaytogetaround.Thereare177waterwaysandmorethan400bridgesthatcanguideyouwhereyouwanttogo.PeopleinVenicemovefromplacetoplacebyboat.Theyliketoenjoythesceneryandthecoolsummernightwhiletakingboattrips.Theycantalktootherpeopleastheygoalong.VenicegrewoutofsmallislandsinsaltwaterlakeswhensomeItaliansescapedfromawarover1,500yearsago,andbuilthomesthere.Watermakesthecityspecial,butitisalsoabigproblem.Sometimestouristswillhavesuchstrangeexperiences.OnemomenttheywalkacrosstheRialtoBridge,andthere'snothingspecialbutwhentheycomebacktothebridgeanhourlater,it'sunderwaterandeveryoneiswearingrainshoes.Once,peopleusedtoomuchundergroundwater.Thismadethecitygetlowerlittlebylittle.Nowthecityhasgonedownby23centimetres.Anotherproblemistherisingseawater.Thetemperaturehasrisenovertheyears.ThishasmadetheiceoftheArcticOcean(北冰洋)melt(融化).Everyyear,highwatershitthecityinautumnandwinter.Whenalotofwatercomes,morethanhalfofthecityisunderwater.Scientistsaretryingdifferentwaystostopthecityfromgettingevenlower.TheItaliangovernmenthasaskedsomeofItaly'sbiggestcompaniestobuildtheMOSTproject,whichwasplannedtobebuiltundertheseawatertostoptherisingwater.Anyway,thisprojectishelpingsolvetheproblem.Accordingtothepassage,VeniceisofItaly.A.inthenorth-eastB.inthewestC.inthesouth-westD.inthesouthhavealwaysbeenthebestwaytogohereandthereinthecity.A.TaxisandcarsB.ThewaterwaysC.400bridgesD.BoatsandrainshoesVenicesmallislandsinsaltwaterlakesmorethan1,500yearsago.A.changedintoB.turnedintoC.becameD.developedfromWhichisNOTthereasonwhythecitygetslowerandlower?Thehighertemperature.Overusedundergroundwater.Toomanywaterways.Therisingseawater.ThepassageismainlyaboutofVenice.thewaterwaysandbridgestheMOSTprojectandproblemsthefeaturesandproblemsthehistoryandscenery【答案】(1)A(2)B(3)D(4)C(5)C【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了威尼斯是一座水上城市，还有它的地理位置，近况以及面临的问题。(1)细节理解题。根据VeniceisinthenortheastofItaly.可知威尼斯位于意大利的东北部。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据Thewaterwayshavealwaysbeenthebestwaytogetaround．可知水路是最好的出行方式。故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据VenicegrewoutofsmallislandsinsaltwaterlakeswhensomeItaliansescapedfromawarover1,500yearsago,andbuilthomesthere.可知威尼斯从咸水湖小岛发展而成。故选D。（4）细节理解题。根据Once,peopleusedtoomuchundergroundwater.Thismadethecitygetlowerlittlebylittle.Nowthecityhasgonedownby23centimeters.Anotherproblemistherisingseawater.Thetemperaturehasrisenovertheyears.ThishasmadetheiceoftheArcticOcean（北冰洋）melt.可知太多的水路与城市变得越来越低没有关系。故选C。（5）主旨归纳题。根据语境Evenso,travelisn'tdifficult.Thewaterwayshavealwaysbeenthebestwaytogetaround.和Anyway，thisprojectishelpingsolvetheproblem.可知文章主要说的是威尼斯的特色和问题。故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型,细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出主题句。8．阅读理解Manyyearsagotherewasasmartprince.Butheneverlistenedtohisparentswhentheyaskedhimtocleanhisroom.Oneday,aprincess（公主）inanothercountrywasgoingtoholdaparty.Sheinvitedalltheprincesfromnearbycountries.Theprincewasexcited,andpreparedwithgreatcare.However,onthedayoftheparty,hisroomwassomessy（凌乱的）thathecouldn'tfindhisinvitation.Helookedforiteverywhere,butcouldn'tfinditanywhere.Sohedecidedtocleanhisroom.Luckily,hefounditatlast.Whenhefinallyarrivedattheparty,itwasover.Theprincewasverysadandhedecidedtochangehimself.Sometimesnoteverythingwasbad.Theprincesshadnotfoundherfavouriteboyfriendattheparty.Andlatershehadanotherparty.Thistimetheprincegoteverythingready.Hegottothepartyontime,andmettheprincess.Soontheyfellinlovewitheachother.（1）Itisclearthattheprincewasinthepastaccordingtothestory.A.uglyB.lazyC.boredD.kind（2）Thatdaytheprincewasexcitedbecause.A.hewasthesmartestprinceB.hewouldseetheprincessC.hekepthisroomcleanD.hefoundhisinvitation（3）Whydidtheprincedecidetochangehimself?A.Becausetheprincessdidn'tlikehim.B.Becausehisparentsaskedhimtodoso.C.Becausetheprincessaskedhimtodoso.D.Becausehemissedthepartyandhefeltsad.（4）WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaccordingtothepassage?Theprinceonlymettheprincessonce.Theprincefoundhisinvitationtothefirstparty.Theprincesswantedtofindaboyfriendattheparty.Theprincechangedhimselfintoacarefulperson.【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了一位王子的变化。（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句Butheneverlistenedtohisparentswhentheyaskedhimtocleanhisroom.提示可知，这个王子非常的懒惰，故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句Oneday,aprincess（公主）inanothercountrywasgoingtoholdaparty.Sheinvitedalltheprincesfromnearbycountries.提示可知，这个王子被公主邀请参加她的聚会，要去见公主，所以非常的激动，故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句Whenhefinallyarrivedattheparty,itwasover.Theprincewasverysadandhedecidedtochangehimself.提示可知，这个王子错过了晚会很伤心，所以他决定改变自己，故选D。（4）理解推断题。通读全文语句可知，这个王子与公主没有见过面，选项A的描述是错误的，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本题主要考查了细节理解题以及判断题，做题的时候，先从题目中找到一个关键词，它可以帮助我们很快地定位原文，找到答案。二、中考英语完形填空（含答案详细解析）9．阅读下面短文，从每小题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。Forthousandsofyears,peoplefarmedtheland.Theygrewfruitsandvegetables.Theyhuntedandfishedformeat.They1cloth,dyes（染料）andpaperfromplants.Theyusedstoneandmetalforweaponsandtools.Peopleprogressedtomakingmachinespowered2waterandsteam（蒸汽），andevenlater,bycoal,oil,andpetrol.Largecitieswerebuilt.Factories3ofmachinescreatedjobsinthecitiesforthousandsofpeople.TheIndustrialRevolution（工业革命）changedthelivesofmanypeoplebecause,forthefirsttime,morepeoplelivedincitiesthanon4.Companiesbuiltpowerplants（工厂）tomake5torunthemachines,factoriesandcities.Peopledidnotrealizetheseactivitieswere6theEarth.Theydidn'trealizebow7oil,gas,coalandmineralswerebeingusedup.8citiesgrewbiggerandspreadacrosstheland,plantsandanimalsbegantodisappear.Theirnaturehomesweredestroyed（破坏）aspeoplemovedintonewplaces.Astimepassed,peoplebeganto9theneedtoprotecttheEarthanditsnaturalresources（资源）.Theysawthatplantsandanimalsneededprotection,sotheywouldn'tdisappearforever.Peoplejoinedtogethertotell10aroundtheworldtoconserve（节约）ournaturalresourcesandcarefortheEarth.Andso.EarthDaywasborn.Eachyear,moreandmorepeopletakepartinEarthDay.Whatcanyoudotohelp?

1.A.separatedB.washedC.made1.A.separatedB.washedC.madeD.mixed2.A.asB.forC.withD.by3.A.fullB.proudC.sickD.short4.A.mountainsB.riversC.grasslandsD.farms5.A.metalB.waterC.electricityD.oil6.A.helpingB.harmingC.wastingD.losing7.A.clearlyB.hardlyC.quicklyD.slowly8.A.BeforeB.IfC.AsD.Though9.A.forgetB.seeC.rememberD.get10.A.themB.otherC.anotherD.others【答案】（1)C；(2)D；(3)A；(4)D；5）C；（6）B；（7）C；（8）C；（9）B；（10）D；【解析】【分析】本文呼吁人们要保护我们的自然资源和，关心地球。（1）句意：他们制作布料，染料和纸，用石头和金属制造武器和工具。A分离，B洗涤，C制作，D混合，根据Theyusedstoneandmetalforweaponsandtools用石头和金属制造武器和工具，可知此处是制作的意思，故选C。（2）句意：人们逐渐发展到以水和蒸汽为动力，甚至后来以煤、油和汽油为动力的机器。根据bycoal,oil,andpetrol,可知是介词by,故选D。（3）句意：满是机器的工厂为成千上万的人在城市创造了就业机会。A满的，B骄傲的，C生病的，D短的，修饰机器的是full，故选A。（4）句意：工业革命改变了许多人的生活，第一次住在城市里的人比住在农村里的人多。A山,B河流，C草地，D农场，根据常识，宜居的地方除了城市就是农场，故选Do（5）句意：公司建造发电厂制作电来运行机器，工厂和城市。A金属，B水，C电，D油，根据powerplants，可知是电，故选C。（6）句意：人们没有意识到这些活动对地球的伤害。A帮助，B伤害，C浪费，D丢失，根据，故选B。（7）句意：他们没有意识到石油、天然气、煤炭和矿产正在迅速枯竭。A清晰地，B几乎不，C迅速地，D慢地，根据werebeingusedup，可知是副词修饰动词，此处表示用完的速度之快，故选Co（8）句意：随着城市变得更大，遍布大地，植物和动物开始消失。A在之前，B如果，C随着，D尽管，根据Astimepassed，可知是as,故选Co（9）句意：随着时间的推移，人们开始看到保护地球及其自然资源的必要性。A忘记，B看到，C记得，D得到，根据Theysawthatplantsandanimals，可知是saw，故选B。（10）句意：人们联合起来告诉世界各地的人们要保护我们的自然资源和，关心地球。A他们，B其他的，修饰名词，C另一个，修饰名词单数，D其他的，不修饰名词，tell后缺少宾语，此处没有名词，根据aroundtheworld可知全世界修饰others，故选D。【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

10．完形填空IwillneverforgettheSundayafternoonsIspentatmygrandfather'sfarminwesternPennsylvaniawhenIwasalittleboy.Milesofwindingstonewallsaroundthehouseprovidedendlesshoursof1foracitykidlikeme.IcanstillrememberoneafternoonwhenIwaseightyearsold.Sincemyfirstvisittothe2,I'dwantedtobeallowedtoclimbthestonewallsaroundthefarm.Myparentswouldneverapprove（赞同）.Still,mywishtoclimbacrossthosewallsgrewso3.Onespringafternoon,Ipickedupallmycourageand4thelivingroom,wheretheadultsweresittingandtalkingoverteaafterdinner."CanIclimbthestonewalls?"Iasked.Immediatelythewomenintheroomcried."Heavens,no!You'll5yourself!"Iwasn'ttoodisappointed;theirreplywasjustasrdexpected.ButbeforeIcouldleavetheroom,my6stoppedme."Waitaminute."Iheardhimsay,"Lettheboyclimbthestonewalls.Hehasto7todothingsforhimself.""Hurryup,"hesaidtome,"andcomeandseemewhenyougetback".ForthenexttwoandahalfhoursIclimbedthoseoldwallsandhadthe_8ofmylife.LaterImetwithmygrandfathertotellhimaboutmyadventure（冒险）.I'llneverforgetwhathesaid."Fred,"hesaid,smiling,"youmadethisdaya9dayjustbybeingyourself.Always10,there'sonlyonepersoninthiswholeworldlikeyou,andIlikeyouexactlyasyouare."1.A.sadnessB.pityC.fun1.A.sadnessB.pityC.funD.puzzle2.A.farmB.houseC.homeD.room3.A.weakB.highC.lowD.strong4.A.visitedB.enteredC.sawD.left5.A.enjoyB.hurtC.forgetD.lose6.A.motherB.fatherC.grandfatherD.friend7.A.agreeB.finishC.promiseD.learn8.A.timeB.loveC.regretD.failure9.A.terribleB.difficultC.specialD.hopeless10.A.hopeB.forgetC.valueD.remember【答案】(1)C；(2)A；(3)D；(4)B；(5)B；(6)C；(7)D；(8)A；(9)C；(10)D；【解析】【分析】【文章大意】本文主要讲述了是作者小时候在爷爷家的农场是如何度过一个难忘的周日下午。句意：数英里的石墙为这个城市孩子提供了无尽的有趣的时间。考查词义辨析，A悲伤；B可惜；C有趣；D迷惑，根据文章第一句IwillneverforgettheSundayafternoonsIspentatmygrandfather'sfarminwesternPennsylvaniawhenIwasalittleboy.可知是有趣的时光，故选C。句意：既然是我第一次参观农场，我早就希望能被允许爬上农场周围的石墙。考查上下文的理解，根据下一句rdwantedtobeallowedtoclimbthestonewallsaroundthefarm.可知是第一次参观农场，故选A。句意：仍然，我想翻越石墙的愿望变得如此强烈。考查词义辨析及上下文的理解，A弱的；B高的；C低的；D强烈的，强壮的，根据上一句Myparentswouldneverapprove(赞同)•和Still,可知尽管父母不同意，我的愿望仍然强烈，故选Do句意：一个春天的下午，我鼓足勇气走进起居室。考查词义辨析及上下文理解，A访问，参观；B进入；C看见；D离开，根据下文""CanIclimbthestonewalls?"Iasked.可知是作者进屋请求大人的允许，故选Bo句意：天啊，不行，你会伤着你自己的！考查词义辨析及上下文理解，A喜欢；B受伤；C忘记；D丢失，根据上文可知作者要翻越石墙，请求大人的允许，大人们担心会伤着作者，故选Bo句意：我还没来得及离开房间，我的爷爷阻止了我。考查上下文的理解，根据下文LaterImetwithmygrandfathertotellhimaboutmyadventure(冒险).可知是爷爷阻止了我，故选Co句意：他不得不学会自己做事情。考查词义辨析及上下文理解，A同意；B结束；C答应；D学会，根据上一句Lettheboyclimbthestonewalls.可知是让作者学会自己做事情，故选Do句意：在接下来的两个半小时里，我爬了这些石墙，度过了我一生中最美好的时光。havethetimeofone'slife是固定词组“度过一生中最美好的时光”，故选A。句意：做你自己，让今天成为特别的一天。考查词义辨析及上下文的理解，A糟糕的；B困难的；C特殊的；D没有希望的，根据文章第一句可知作者在爷爷家度过了难忘的一天，所以今天对作者来说是特殊的一天，故选Co句意：记住，世界上只有一个人像你，而我喜欢你本来的样子。考查词义辨析，A希望；B忘记；C有价值；D记住，爷爷是要作者记住下面的这句话，故选Do【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读全文，掌握大意。考虑语境，上下文呼应，运用逻辑思维进行推理，再根据自己最有把握的、最熟悉的短语、习惯用语、动词形式和句子结构等各种因素加在一起综合考虑，仔细推敲进行选择。最后复查核对，决定取舍。11.阅读短文，掌握其大意，从A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。(共1小题，每小题10分)Onedayayoungladywasdrivingalongwithherfather.Theymetastrong1,andtheyounglady2herfather."WhatshouldIdo?"Herfathersaid."Keepdriving."Butlater.manycarsbegantopullover(向路边停靠)3thestormwasgettingworseandworse."WhatshouldIdo?"theyoungladyaskedherfatheragain."Keepdriving."herfatherreplied4thesameanswer.Afterdrivingafewmiles,she5thatmorecarswerealsopullingover.Shetoldherfather."Imustpullover.Ican6seeahead.Itisterrible,andeveryoneispullingover!"Herfathertoldher."Don'tgiveup.Justkeepdriving."Afteracoupleofmilesshewasagainondryland.7thesuncameout.Herfathersaid.""Nowyoucanpulloverandgetout."Sheasked."8now?"Herfathersaid."Lookbackatallthepeoplethatgaveup.Theyare9inthestorm.Becauseyoudidn'tgiveupyourstormisnowover."Whenyou10hardtimes,keepgoingandsoonyourstormwillbeoverandthesunwillshineuponyourfaceagain.1.A.stormB.windC.rain2.A.toldB.askedC.ordered3.A.untilB.aslongasC.because4.A.byB.inC.with5.A.noticedB.believedC.wondered6.A.seldomB.hardlyC.nearly7.A.andB.soC.but8.A.WhatB.HowC.Why9.A.alsoB.stillC.ever10.A.gobyB.gooutC.gothrough【答案】(1)A；(2)B；(3)C；(4)C；(5)A；(6)B；(7)A；(8)C；(9)B；(10)C；【解析】【分析】主要讲了年轻女士和爸爸开车时遇到了暴风雨，所有人都靠路边停留，爸爸却让作者一直开车，直到开到暴风雨停止的地方。句意：他们遇见了一次强烈的暴风雨。A.暴风雨；B.风；C.雨。根据后文thestormwasgettingworseandworse可知暴风雨，故选A。句意：年轻的女士问她爸爸：“我应该做什么？”A.告诉；B.问；C.订购。女士问爸爸应该做什么，所以用ask，故选B。句意：许多车开始靠路边停靠，因为暴风雨越来越糟糕。A.直到；B.只要；C.因为。因为暴风雨越来越大，所以人们靠路边停靠，故选Co句意：她的爸爸用相同的答案回答。A.通过；B.在……里面；C.用。根据全文可知女士问爸爸做什么时爸爸一直用相同的答案回答，即继续开，故选Co句意：开了几分钟后，她注意到更多的车也正在靠路边停靠。A.注意；B.相信；C.想知道。作者注意到许多人都在靠路边停靠，故选Ao句意：我几乎看不见前面。A.很少；B.几乎不；C.几乎。暴风雨太大了所以女士几乎看不见前面，所以用hardly，几乎不，故选B。句意：开了几英里之后，她再次在干燥的陆地上，并且太阳出来了。A.和；B.所以；C.但是。干燥的陆地和太阳出来了表示并列关系，所以用and，故选Ao句意：现在为什么要靠路边停靠。A.什么；B.怎样；C.为什么。根据前文Nowyoucanpulloverandgetout.可知现在没有暴风雨了，爸爸让女士出来，靠路边停靠，所以女士问原因，故选C。句意：他们仍然在暴风雨中。A.也；B.仍然；C.曾经。根据前文可知放弃前行的那些人仍然在暴风雨中，故选Bo句意：当你经历困难时，继续前行，很快暴风雨将结束，太阳将再次照亮你的脸。A.时间的流逝；B.出去；C.经历。经历困难，所以用gothrough，故选C。【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。12．阅读下面短文，选择最佳的答案，并在答题卡上将其字母标号涂黑。Summerholidayiscoming.LinTaoandhisclassmatesWangHai,ZhangMeiaremakingtheirholiday1.LinTaoisafootballfan.Soheisgoingto2hisfavouritefootballteamplay.Heisgoingtoweartheteamshirtandcheerthe3.It'sgoingtobegreatfunandhehopesthathisteamwill4thebestscoreandwinthematch.WangHaiisgoingtodosomethinghelpfulwithhisfamilyinJuly.There'salotoflitterinthepark,5they'regoingtocollectit.Theyhopetodosomethingtomaketheirhometown6.Besides,theywanttobevolunteersand7farmerswithsomefarmwork.ZhangMeiisgoingtoasummercampabroadandwillstaywith8Australianfamily.9doessheplantodoso?BecauseshewantstoimproveherspokenEnglish10.LinTaoandhisclassmatesarealllookingforwardtotheirsummerholiday.1.A.hotelsB.plansC.tickets2.A.watchB.smellC.feel3.A.singersB.writersC.players4.A.getB.loseC.give5.A.butB.orC.so6.A.happyB.cleanC.wide7.A.bringB.helpC.leave8.A.theB.aC.an9.A.WhyB.WhenC.Where10.A.quicklyB.quietlyC.loudly【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）C；（4）A；（5）C；（6）B；（7）B；（8）C；（9）A；（10）A；【解析】【分析】短文大意：文章主要介绍了暑假要来了，刘涛和他的同学们正在计划着如何度过暑假。（1）考查名词辨析。A旅馆；B计划