UNIT5知识重点和语法总结学案-高中英语外研版必修第一册

外研版必修一Unit5知识重点总结及语法针对练习一.重点词及同根词相关短语：l.charity-n.慈善机构adj.--charitable仁爱的l.monarch--n.君主monitor-班长3.annual-adj.一年一度的adv.annually-每年的seek-v.寻求过去式一sought魂"l)seekforsth.寻求2)seektodosth.试图做…professor--n.教授profession,n.专业professional--专业的measure-v.量，测量n.措施，方法1)takemeasurestodosth.—采取措施Eg:Heismeasuringthelengthofthebridge.position-n.位置，职务，级别，职位，身份，地位寸？1)inposition在适当位置outofposition不在适当位置3)ina...position在…位置solution-n.解决，解决方法thesolutionto…一…的解决方法.mystery-n.难以理解的事物adj.-mysterious神秘的.amazing--adj.惊人的，了不起的amaze-v.使惊奇amazed-adj.惊奇的amazement--n.惊奇.crash-v.暴跌，碰撞，崩溃，n.碰撞声，事故1〕crashinto……冲入.destroy-”破坏，毁坏n.destruction--消灭adj.destructive消灭性的ruin,damage,destroy的区别：ruin指完全毁坏，damage--指局部毁坏，可以修复，一般暗示损坏后价值不变，destroy-彻底毁坏，无法修复.chemical-n.化学品chemistry-n.化学chemist-化学家12611726-7活下来，幸存survivorn.・・幸存者survival-n.幸存O1)survivesth.一幸免于某事2)surviveon...--依靠…生存下来3)survivalofthefittest适者生存.effect-n.影响，结果X1)havean…effecton…对…有…影响2)takeeffect--开始起作用3)comeintoeffect--生效4)ineffect--实际上5)with/withouteffect有/无效地选短语填空：1.Thewarmwordsofhisteacher'sthestudentswholostfaithintheirstudy.2.ThispieceoflawfromAugust20th,2022..authority-n.当权，权力•localauthority--地方当权.found-v.仓ll立，仓II立过去式--founded.recover-v.恢复，找回，康复recovery-n.恢复，痊愈心"1)recoverfrom...一从・.・中恢复过来，2)recoverone'ssight恢复视力3〕makearecoveryfrom从…中恢复过来17.shock-n.吃惊，震惊shocked-adj.震惊的shocking--惊人的"匕)beshockedat...一对…感到震惊2)beshockedtodosth.-对做某事很震惊3)beashocktosb.-对某人来说是一个打击18.variety-n.多样化，变化vary--v.变化various-adj.各种不同的，variation-n.变化varyin…在…方面不同2)varywith..--随着…变化3)avarietyof../varietiesof...--多种多样的…^.concentrate-v.^yi1)concentrateone'smind/attention/energyondoingsth.--某人集中思想/注意力/精力做某事2)concentrateonsth.-把注意力集中在…同义短语：focuson2O.freeze・・v.突然停止--froze—frozenfreezing--极冷的adj.21.stareat一盯着22.reaction-n.反响reactionto-对..的反响二.文中重点短语：l.insearchof...---寻找2.untilrecently--直到最近3.thewaytogo--去的方法4.managetodosth.--设法做某事5.comeatatime--来自在一个时亥U6.inserioustrouble一在严重的困境中7.humanactivity--人类活动8.cutdowntrees—伐树9.worktogether一团结一起10.agreaterawarenessof…很好的认识11.onceagain--再次12.keepitsplace--保存它的地位13.Chinese-stylecompound--中国款的产物14.intheirnaturalenvironment—在它们的自然环境中15.befamousto……为..所知16.upto一到达17.ataspeedof…一以…的速度18.followapath—沿着小路走19.takesb.through一某人走进20.adarkforest-一片昏暗的森林21.stepoutofthe...一走出・・.22.flyover-在..上飞23.reflectin--映在..•里24.falloff—从…滴下25.timestandsstill---凝固26.pressthebutton--按按钮27.inasingleimage—在一张照片中28.fromtimetotime一偶尔29.showrespectto...一对・・・尊重30.afterall一毕竟31.uniquefeature--独特的特点二.重点句型：l.Thesetwopiecesofinformation-thetimeofdayandthepointwherethesunisinthesky—allowthebutterflytodeterminethewavtoho.Wealsosay:Thebutterflyisawareofthetimeofthedayandthepositionofthesuninthesky,soitcanusethesetwopiecesofinformationtofindoutwhichwaytogo.l)where引导的定语从句，where为关系副词--引导地点Eg:Hestillthepositionwherehelosthiskeys.2)thewaytogo---动词不定式做定语.Eventually,itmanagestoreachtheplaceswhereitwillspendthewinter.一定语从句.Thesolutiontothemysteryofthemonarch'samazingabilitycomesatatimewhenitisinserioustrouble.-when引导的定语从句黑脉金斑蝶处于严重困境时它的惊人的能力的秘密的解决.Humanactivityisthemainreasonwhythenumberofmonarchbutterfliesisfalling.----why引导的原因状语从句.Themoreweknowaboutthislovelycreature,thegreaterthechanceitwillsurviveandkeepitsplaceinthenaturalworldforalongtimetocome..Oneofthebestthingsaboutthisjobisthatyoucanobserveanimalsintheirnaturalenvironment.表语从句：作表语成分的从句弓I导词有that,because,which,whether,who,when,where,why,whether,howHehasbecomewhathewantedtobetenyearsago.ShehasremainedwhereIstoodyesterdayforanhour..WhileIwasconcentratingonphotOH「aphinHthisamazingscene,IsuddenlyhadafeelingthatIwssbeingwatched.concentrateon-集中注意力在某事上=focusonthatIwasbeingwatched」■■同位语从句在复合句中，跟在名词后进一步解释说明该名词的具体内容的从句叫同位语从句。同位语从句一般跟在某些名词之后，解释说明名词的具体内容。可以跟同位语从句的名词常见的有：facthopedesirethoughtsuggestionideanewsproblem,question,possibilitytruthdecisionruleevidenceconclusionopinionfeelingreplyreasonbeliefmessagedoubt-：Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon..Slowly,andwiththecamerastillheldtomyeye,....with+n.+副/介词短语/形/分作状语Eg.Themanwaswalkingonthestreetonthestreet,withabookunderhisarm..11isafteraIIwewhoarethevisitorstotheirworId.正常句:AfteraIIwearethevisitorstotheirworId.文中为强调句：Itis+被强调局部+that/who+...--强调句可以强调主语、状语〔方式、时间、地点、原因〕、宾语ItwasintheofficethattheteIephonerang.ItwashimthatIsawinthestreet..Anotherreasontouseidiomsisthattheyareconeise.使用习语的另一个原因是它们精练。reason后面可以用动词不定式或介词for构成的介词短语作后置定语。Eg:ThereasonforhisbeingIateforthemeetingwasthathisIittIesonfeIIillthismorning.Thereason...is/wasthat......的原因是...Thereasonforsth.isthat...5)Thereasonwhy...isthat..Thereasonthat...isthat...Eg:Thereasonthathesaidtomewasthathisrudenessmadehisfriendangry.—.重点语法：关系副词引导的定语从句：1.引导定从的关系副词有：why,where,when,在句中做状语,一般不可以省略。1)关系副词when(=at/in/on/duringwhich)在从句中做时间状语，其所修饰的先行词常常是表示时间的名词eg:IamIookingforwardtothedaywhenmydaughtercangotocollege.2)关系副词：where(=in/at/onwhich)在从句中做地点状语，所修饰的先行词可以是表示具体地点的名词,也可以是抽象名词,如：case,situation,position,stage,point(地步〕等。TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonIytwoyearswasthreekilometersaway.TherearesomecaseswherethisruIedoesnJtwork.3)关系副词why二千orwhich在句中做原因状语，修饰表原因的名词reason.TherearethreemainreasonswhypeopIedon'tcookmoreoften.***选择关系代词还是副词的方法：看关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分。关系词在从句中做主宾表时，用代词°做状语用关系副词。Iwillneverforgetthedayswespenttogether.Iwillneverforgetthedaysweworkedtogether.四、定语从句练习：Thereasonitbisconvenientforpeopletogoaroundisthatthesharedbikesareinmanyplaces.Pleasesendusalltheinformationyouhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.Youm