【人教版】八年级全册英语知识点汇总

人教版八年级上册英语知识点梳理人教版八年级上册英语知识点梳理Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?【重点语法】词。用法注意some和any/不可数名。some多用于肯定句,any多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。有些问句中用some,不用any,问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。some,any,no,everybody,one,thing不定代词若有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后：如：somethinginteresting【重点短语】buysthforab./buysb.sth为某人买某物taste+adj.nothing...but+seem+(tobe)+adj看起来arrivein/arriveatdecidetodosth.trydoingsth./trytodosth.enjoydoingsth.wanttodosth.startdoingsth.=begindoingsth.stopdoingsth.停止做某事区分：stoptodosth.下来去做某事dislikedoingsth.14.so+adj+that+从句 如此……以至于……tellsb.(not)todosth.（不要）keepdoingsth. 继续做某事forgettodosth.忘记去做某事/forgetdoing忘记做过某事【词语辨析】takeaphoto/takephotosquiteafewseem+形容词看起来…...Youseemhappytoday.seem+todosth./好像做某事IseemtohaveaItseems+从句似乎..….Itseemsthatnoonebelieveyou.seemlike...好像,似乎…..Itseemslikeagoodidea.arrivein+大地点=getto=reach+地点名 “达. ”arriveat+小地点（注：若后跟地点副词here/there/home,介词需省略,如：arrivehere;gethome）feellikesthdoingsth.wonder（想知道（who,what,why)引导的从句。becauseof+名/because+从句Hecan’ttakeawalkbecauseoftherain.Idon’tbuytheshirtbecauseitwastooexpensive.enough形容词/副词+enoughUnit2Howoftendoyouexercise?【重点语法】1.频率副词:always,usually,often,sometimes,neverbe常用于一般现在时态中。2.“次数”的表达方法一次once,两次twicetimes,threetimes,fivetimes,3.howoften“多久一次”问频率,回答常含有频率词组或短语常见的how疑问词：1）Howsoon多久（以后）—Howsoonwillhebeback?他多久能回来？—Hewillbebackinamonth.他一个月后能回来。2）howlong“多久”—Howlongdidittakeyoutocleanthehouse?用了多久？—Ittookmehalfanhourtocleanthehouse.我打扫这房子用了半小时。3）Howmany+名复Howmuch+不可名“多少”问数量（howmuch还可问价格）【重点短语】gotothemovieslookafter=takecareofsurftheinternethealthylifestylegoskateboardingkeephealthy=stayhealthyeatinghabitstakemoreexercisethesameasbedifferentfromonceamonthtwiceaweekmakeadifferenceto对 有影/作用mostofthestudents=moststudentsshop=goshopping=dosomeshoppingbegoodfor对 有益bebadfor对 有害comehomefromschoolofcourse=certainly=suregetgoodgradeskeep/beingoodhealthtakeavacation【词语辨析】1.maybe/maybemaybe是副词,意为“大概,可能,或许”,一般用于句首。be是情态动,意为“可能...,也许...,大概是. ”.Thebabyiscrying.Maybesheishungry.Thewomanmaybeateacher.afew/few/alittle/afewalittle(一点儿,少量)表示肯定few(很少的,几乎没有的)little(很少的,几乎没有的)表示否定修饰可数名词Peoplecanliveto100,butfewpeoplecanliveto150.Thereislittletimeleft.Iwon’tcatchthefirstbus.Couldyougivemealittlemilk?hard/hardlyhardhardlyThegroundistoohardtodig.Icanhardlyunderstandthem.It’sraininghard.Thepeoplecanhardlygooutside.Asforhomework,moststudentsdohomeworkeverydayas-ing式（即动名词。如：Asforhim,Ineverwanttoseehimhere.至于他,我永远不希望在这里见到。Asforthestory,you'dbetternotbelieveit.关于那故事,你最好不要相信。Thatsoundsinteresting.听起来（看起来闻起来尝起来觉得（好象）,grow（变得）,get（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词,后跟形容词作表语。如：Ittastesgood.这味道好。Themusicsoundsverysweet.这音乐听起来很入耳。Thesmokegrewheavierandheavier.烟雾变得越来越浓了。percent名词,意为“百分之……”百分数的表示方法：基数+percent(不用复数形式),percent做主语时,谓语动词的数要根据其后面的名词来确定。50％：fiftypercent百分之五十Fiftypercentoftheapplesarebad.percentofthemeatisinthefridge.冰箱not…atallbe动词或助动词之后。Thestoryisn’tinterestingatall.那个故事一点也没有趣。Itis+adj.todosth.Itisinterestingtoplaycomputergames.玩电脑很有趣。take,spend,payIttakessb.sometimetodosth.意为“花费某人……时间来做某事”。人(sb.)spend/钱onsth.“买某物花了……钱”。人(sb.)spend时间/(in)doing“事”。pay的主语必须是人,而“花钱买某物”为pay...for...however副词,意为“然而,可是”,表示转折关系,可放在句首、句中、句末。Unit3I’mmoreoutgoingthanmysister.【重点语法】形容词和副词的比较等级形容词和副词的原形就是原级（1）A+be+than+B“AB（注意：A与B必须是同级的,即必须是人与人,物与物进行对比）“A+than+B”表示“AB…”比较A,B两/两事物问其中哪一个较… 时用句型：“Who/which+谓语动词+adj./adv.比较级,AorB?”Whoisthinner,JennyorMary?比较级的特殊用法“比较级+and用“moreandmore+原级”“the+比较级(…),the+越…”Themore,thebetter.主+is+the形容词比较级+ofthetwo+名复“主语是两者中较 的”两者在某一方面相同：A+谓语动词/be动词+as+adj./adv.原级+as+B.HelenisastallasAmy.PeterstudiesashardasTom.表示两者在某一方面不及另一方时,用“notas/so+形容词或副词原级+as”Iamnotastallasmysister.当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时,可以用much,alot,alittle,abit,so,too,quite【重点短语】1.moreoutgoing更外向/更开朗2.as...as...与……一样thesingingcompetitionthemostimportantbetalentedinmusicthesameascareabout//关注bedifferentfrom与… 不同belikeamirroraslongas只要；与… 一样长bringout/显出getbettergradesreachfor/达到touchone’sheart感动infactmakefriendsbegoodattheotherbesimilartobegoodwithhavefun=Haveagoodtimehavefundoingsthdothesamethingsasme.dosth.“做某事（对某人来说24makefriendswithsb.与某人交朋友25.aslongas只要；既然,引导条件状语从句【词语辨析】begoodat=dowellin,其后可接名词、代词或动名词,表careaboutcarefortakecare(当/小心)takecareof(照顾)=lookaftermakesb.dosth（make的不定式）Hisfatheralwaysmakemegetupbeforefiveo'clock.makesb.+形容词：使某人保持某种状态Myfriendsalwaysmakemehappy.belike“就像…”Iamlikeyoursister.looklikeIlooklikemysister.That’swhy+/那就是为什么…That'swhyIstudyEnglishhard.原因。bedifferentfrom反：bethesameasthough①adv.不过；可是；然而（句末补充说明使语气减弱）②conj.虽然；尽管=although,与but不能同时用在一个句子中Hesaidhewouldcome.Hedidn’t,though.他说他要来,可是并没有来。Though/Althoughhehasbeendeadformanyyears,manypeoplestillrememberhim.尽管他已经去世很多年了,但很多人仍然记得他。getbettergradesdo/did)意动词。begoodwithsb.Unit4What’sthebestmovietheater?【重点语法】标志词：表比较范围时用in/of形容词最高级前须加定冠词the,副词最高级前可省略the。表示“三者（或以上）中最……的”的句型1）A+be+the形容词最高级+表示范围（in/of介词短语）2）A+实意动词+(the)副词最高级+表示范围的of/in介词短语3.常用句式1)Who/Which…+最高级…,A,BorC?2)oneof+the+形容词最高级+名词复数形式,意为“最…之一”。3）序数词后跟形容词最高级【重点短语】sofarnoproblemhave….incommon有相同特征（想法、兴趣等方面）相同beupto由…...决/是… 的职责allkindsof…各种各样的……playaroleindoingsth./sth.makeup（故事、谎言等）forexample=e.g.take…..seriously认真对待noteverybodycloseto离. 近moreandmore【词语辨析】Howdoyoulike+名//V-ing=Whatdoyouthinkof认为…怎么样？”Thanksfor=Thankyoufor/代/V-ing:“感谢…”You’rewelcome.=Notatall.不客气talent名（可）talentshow才艺表演talentedadj.betalentedin在 方面有天赋begoodat(＝dowellin)反义短语：bepoor/weakin在...方面薄弱begoodfor对……有益,后跟人或事物；其反义短语是bebadforbegoodto对……好(和善；慈爱),相当于befriendlyto,后面通常接人allkindsofkindsofakindof一种…...*kindof有点+adj.：kindofboring/fat/thinwinvt.winnern.watchsb.dosth.watchdoingsth.as常列举几个例子,不能穷尽,可和andsoon等)连用；likesuchasforexample//句末。Unit5Doyouwanttowatchagameshow?【重点语法】youthinkofdoyoulike…?描述喜好Ilove/like/don’tmind/dislike/can’tstand…复习巩固一般现在时态：主语+V+其他；主语（三单）+V(三单)+其他)【重点短语】findout/发现bereadytododressup/化妆成takeone'splacedoagoodjob/表演的出色thinkof/思考gameshow游戏节目learnfrom向… 学习talkshowsoapoperagoonwatchamovieoneof…其中之一tryone’sbestto=doone’sbestto竭尽全力apairofasfamousas/出名looklikearoundtheworldhaveadiscussionaboutoneday/某一天suchasasymbolof/标志somethingenjoyableinterestinginformation【词语辨析】want+n想要……wanttodosth想要做某事wantsbtodosth想让某人做某事……mind//V-ingstande.g.Stand/代/V-ingplanvt.,plantodoplan：makeplansv.discussion→n.discussionhadadiscussionaboutsth.happenv.sth+happenstosb.”或“sthhappened+时间/地点”句式情态动词may语气弱于can,意为“可能”mightmay/mightnot表示否定推测时语气最弱,意为“可能不”Theymaynotbeveryexciting.它们可能不是那么令人兴奋。expecttodosth.hopetodosth:很多动词后面都可以跟动词不定式作宾语,如：want,like,hope,wish,learn,start,begin,prefer,try,askbefamousasbefamousforsth.因为 而出名oneof…词用单数。OneofmyfavoritemoviesisMr.Bean.是憨豆先生。shown.节目TVshows/talentshows；v.展示showsth.tosb.=showsb.sth.Unit6I’mgoingtostudycomputerscience.【重点词语/短语用法解析】1.wanttobe/become+职)名词:“想要成为… ”Iwanttobe(be)ascientistwhenIgrowup.2.writestories写故事tellstories讲故事keepondoingsth.（表动作的反复）keepingdoingsth.保持做某事（表动作或状态的持续）besureabout+名//V-ing“Areyousureaboutthat?makesure(that)+从句“…...确保. ”Makesurethatbothdoorsareclosedwhenyougoout.5.learnsth.WemustlearnEnglisheveryday.learntodosth. Iamgoingtolearntoplay(play)piano.discussv.讨论；商量 名词是discussiondiscusswithsb.与某人讨论:Discussthisquestionwithyourpartner.Let’sdiscussthisproblem.Allweneednowisaction,notdiscussion.我们现在需要的是行动,不是讨论。beabletodosth.cancanbeableto+动词原形,有人称和数的变化,可用于多种时态。canableto服一定困难有能力做成某事。Hewillbeableto(能够)speakEnglishnextyear.（在此不能填can）promisen.v.makeapromise(tosb)（对某人）许下诺言keepapromisebreakapromise违背诺言promise(sb)todosth.许诺某人干某事promise(sb)+that从句Hepromisedtohelpme.他许诺过要帮助我。IpromisedthatIstudyhardfromnowon.我承诺从现在起努力学习。havetodowith关于；与……有关系Thebookhastodowithcomputers.那本书与计算机有关。takeupsth./doingsth.（尤指为消遣）学着做；开始做Iamgoingtotakeupcookingnextyear.明年我将要学煮饭。Sometimestheresolutionsmaybetoodifficulttotoo+形容词/副词to+动词原形,表示“太…...而不能. ”如：Thekidistooyoungtoplaythisgame.玩这个游戏。12.one’sown+名词“某人自己的东西”,强调某物为个人所有myownbook我自己的书本【重点语法】一般将来时“am/is/aregoingto+动词原形”结构基本形式否定式：am/is/arenotgoingto+动词原形一般疑问式：am/is/are+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他？特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+一般疑问式？HeisgoingtospendhisholidaysinLondon.他打算在伦敦度假。Lookatthedarkclouds.Thereisgoingtobeastorm.Ishegoingtocollectanydataforus?他会帮我们收集数据吗？Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?明天你打算作什么？基本用法表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事。DadandIaregoingtowatchanoperathisafternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。测。Look!Therecomethedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.瞧！乌云密集。天要下雨了。Unit7Willpeoplehaverobots?【重点词语/短语用法解析】1.manymuch+不可数名词许多livetobe+基数词+yearsold“活到. 岁”beingreatdangerplayapartin//V-ing./做某事Everyoneshouldplayapartinsavingtheearth.5.help(sb.)withsth.（某人）做某事HeoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.helpsb.(to)dosth.（某人）HeoftenhelpsmestudyEnglish.helponeself(toHelpyourselftothefish.请随便吃鱼thesameas…differentfromIttakes/took/willtakesb.sometimetodosth.）Ittakesmeanhourtogettomyoffice.spendtime／moneyonsth.在……上花费时间（金钱）sb.spend(in)doingsth.（金钱）某事。Ispenttwohoursonthismathproblem.这道数学题花了我个小时。Theyspenttwoyearsbuildingthisbridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。hundredsof+名词复数 许/大量数词+hundred+名词复数几百类似的数词还有thousand（千）,million（万）Therearefourhundredstudentsinourgrade.TherearehundredsoftouristsinBeijingeveryyear.9.during在…期间duringthevacation/thedaytime/theweekend10.themeaningof…的意思Canyoutellmethemeaningofthewords?【重点语法】一般将来时一、一般将来时的含义一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或状态,或将来经常发生的动作或状态。二、一般将来时的基本结构1.will/shall+动词原形will所代替。否定式：willnot=won't；shallnot=shan't一般疑问式：will/shall+主语+动词原形+其他？特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+一般疑问式？Iwill/shalldoabetterjobnexttime.Oilandwaterwillnotmix.—WillhehelpyouwithyourEnglishtonight?今天晚上他会帮助你学习英语吗？—Yes,hewill./No,hewon't.是的,他会。/不,他不会。—WhenwillyouarriveforAmerica?你什么时候去美国？—Tomorrow.明天。2.am/is/aregoingto+动词原形否定式：am/is/arenotgoingto+动词原形一般疑问式：am/is/are+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他？特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词+一般疑问式？HeisgoingtospendhisholidaysinLondon.度假。Lookatthedarkclouds.Thereisgoingtobeastorm.Ishegoingtocollectanydataforus?他会帮我们收集数据吗？Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?明天你打算作什么？三、一般将来时的用法will+动词原形与am/is/aregoingto+动词原形的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况,一般情况下能互换。但它们的用法是有区别的。will表示主观意愿的将来。Theywillgotovisitthefactorytomorrow.明天他们将去厂参观工厂。I’llcomewithWangBing,LiuTaoandYangLing.我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来。表示不以人的意志为转移的客观的将来。TodayisSaturday.Tomorrowwillbe今天是星期六。明天是（将）是星期日。Hewillbethirtyyearsoldthistimenextyear.明年这个时候他就（将）三十岁。—Maryhasbeenillforaweek.玛丽病了一周了。—Oh,Ididn'tknow.Iwillgoandseeher.噢,我不知道。我去看看她。begoingto表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事。DadandIaregoingtowatchanoperathisafternoon.今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。测。Look!Therecomethedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.瞧！乌云密集。天要下雨了。Unit8Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?【重点词语/短语用法解析】cutcut。cutup意为“切碎”Cutupthebananas.=Cutthebananasup.Cutit/themup.turnonturnoffupturndownmorethingtenminutes再多十分钟数字+moreanother+数字+物品指“另外的……当数字为one时,常与more连用或只用another。Givemetwomorehamburgers？anothertwohamburgersforgettodosth.（去）做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记已做过某事。It’satimetodosth.该是（某人）事的时期了It’stime（fordosth.=It’stimeforsth.（某人）做某事的时间了。It’satimeforyoutostudyEnglish.It’stimeforustogotoforschool.)6.givethanksfor名/代V-ing“感恩. ”Weshouldgivethanksforourparents.Hegavethanksforlifeandfood.MostAmericansstillcelebratethisideasofthanksbyhavingabigmeal.by+sth./doing:）以…...方式IstudyEnglishbylisteningtoEnglishsongs.在...…的旁边Iamsittingbythepool.3）Ihavetogotoschoolby4）Igotoschoolbybus.HereisHereisaphotoofmyfamily.Hereare+名复HerearesomeEnglishbooks.当宾语是代词时,要用顺装。如：Hereyouare.(对)Hereareyou.(错)fillsth.withsth.befullof“Ifilledthecupwiththemilk.Thecupisfullofthemilk.put…in(into)…把…...放到. 里cover…with…用… 覆盖cut…into把…...切成...…Cuttheappleintopieces.cutup…切碎servev.n.serviceserve+名/代“提供…”Theshopservesnicefood.servesb.sth.=servesth.tosb.Serveittoyourfriendswithsomevegetables.servesb.withsth.“用某物招待某人”Servetheguestswithsometea.【重点语法】名词：名词是表示人、事物、地方、现象及其它抽象概念名称的词。一、名词分为专有名词和普通名词。专有名词是表示具体的人、事物、地点、或机构等的专有名称。如：Guangzhou,Mike,UNESCO等。专有名词一般情况下第一个字母要大写。普通名词是表示一类人、事物或抽象概念的名称。如：police,eggs,rice等。二、普通名词又可分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词：表示某一类人或某一类东西中的个体。如：monkey,panda,ruler,boy等。集体名词：表示一群人或一类事物的总称。如：family,police,class,people等。物质名词：表示无法分为个体或不具备确定形状和大小的实物。如：Water,air,milk等。抽象名词：表示抽象概念词。如：hope,love,spirit。英语的名词有可数名词和不可数名词两种。一般来说,个体名词和集体名词多为可数名词,物质名词和抽象名词多为不可数名词。三、名词单数变复数的规则总结规则变化map—mapsbird—birdsorange—oranges桔子bike—bikes自行车以s,x,ch,shbox—boxesclass—classes以ophoto—photosradio—radioszoo—zoos以otomato—tomatoes土豆hero—heroes英雄negro—negroes黑人以辅音字母加yy为i"-esbaby—babiesfamily—families家庭以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加"-s"boy—boys男孩toy—toys玩具以feffe或f变为ves“knife—kniveswife—wives不规则变化childchildrenfootfeettoothteethmousemicemanmenwomanwomen注意：与man和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men和-women。如：anEnglishman,twoEnglishmen。但GermanGermansBowmantheBowmans。单复同形的名词如：deer,sheep,fishChinese,Japanese,jin,yuan注意：除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:adollar,twodollars;ameter,twometers如：peoplepolice,cattleapeople,apolice,acattle.但可以说aperson,apoliceman,aheadofcattletheEnglish,the British,theFrench,the Japanese,theSwiss等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。如：TheChinesearehard-workingandbrave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。以smaths,politics（学）,physicsnewstheUnitedStates,theUnitedNations为单数。TheUnitedNationswasorganizedin1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。"TheArabianNights"isaveryinterestingstory-book.<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。注意两点glassestrousers,clothes若表达具体数目,要借助数量词pair(对,双);suit(套);apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers货物,waters,fishes（各种）鱼四、不可数名词不可数名词意味着这些名词只能是单数,没有复数形式,不能与数目字如one,two等连用,也不能加不定冠词a(n)。不可数名词没有单数、复数之分,但我们在生活中有时候又必需给这些词计量,我们于是采用这种方法：a+表示这些东西的单位+of+不可数名词,如：acupoftea,aboxofmilk,apieceofpaper等。如果为了表示多个的概念,我们就将表示这些东西的单位变成复数即可。如：acupoftea3cupsoftea,aboxofmilk12boxesofmilk,Apieceofpaper100piecesofpaper【注意】当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数。例如：Cakeisakindoffood.蛋糕是一种食物（不可数Thesecakesaresweet.（可数）producessteel（不可数Weneedvarioussteels（可数）Ourcountryisfamousfortea.我国因茶叶而闻名。Twoteas,please.请来两杯茶。fourfreedomsthefourmodernizations四个现代化Unit9Canyoucometomyparty?【重点词语/短语用法解析】one…another…one…theother…表示两者中的另一个Idon'tlikethisone,canyoushowmeanother?Ihavetwobrothers.Oneisalawyerandtheotherisamanager.some…others…表示没有范围限定的“一些…...另些. ”some…theothers…表示某一范围的“一些...…其的… ”SomegotoschoolbybikeandothersgotoschoolbySomegotoschoolbybikeandtheothersgotoschoolbybus.invitev.n.invitationinvitesb.todosth.“邀请某人干某事”invitesb.to+地点名词Mr.Greeninvitedmetovisithisfactorylastweek.ThanksalotforyourinvitationThanksforinvitingmetoyourparty.3.（1）What’sthedatetoday?意为“今天是几月几号？”It’s+月+日。dayisittoday?意为“今天是星期几？”It’s期几。—What’sthedate?—It’sSeptember10th.—Whatdayisittoday?—It’sWednesday.4.havealesson(class)上课haveanEnglishlessonpreparev.准备n.preparationpreparesth.“准备某物”,所准备的东西就是后面的宾语。prepareforsth.“为……做准备”,指为后面的宾语做准备preparetodosth.“准备做某事”bring...to…“带来”把某物从别的地方带到说话人的地方take…to…“（向相反）Bringyourhomeworkhere,andtakethebookaway.：with“具有”Wecan’tlivewithoutwater.Janeisabeautifulgirlwithlonghair.8.sothat+从句：以便于；目的是IstudyhardsothatIcangetgoodgrades.9.surprisen.惊奇surprisedadj.感到惊奇的（指人）surprisingadj.（指物）besurprisedatsth.“惊奇于某事”toone’ssurprise①I’msurprisedatthesurprisingnews.我对这个令人惊讶的消息感到很吃惊。②Tomysurprise,heleftwithoutleavingaword.lookforwardto//V-ingIlookforwardtoyourreply.我期待你的答复。Ilookforwardtoseeingyouagain.hearfromsb.=getaletterfromsb.Iheardfrommyfriendsyesterday.=Igotaletterfrommyfriendyesterday.thebestwaytodosth.healthy.howtodothat.“该怎么做”,疑问词+todosth常用来做宾语Idon’tknowhowtomakeabananamilkshake.Idon’tknowwhattodo.attheendof“在…末尾”Now,itisattheendof反义短语：atthebeginningof“在…开始”beglad/happy/sadtodosth.“/Iamgladtoseeyou.replytosb./sth.“回复…”Replyinwritingtotheinvitation“以写信形式回复这份邀请函”【重点语法】一.表示邀请的句型Can/Couldyou…(cometomyparty)?Wouldyouliketo..(Wouldyouliketomyparty)?接受：Sure/Yes/Ofcourse,I’dlove/liketo.拒绝:：①I’msorry,Ican’t.Ihaveto/must+V原(陈述理由)②I’dlove/liketo,butI…(理由)3.I’mafraidnot.I…(理由)二.must与havetomust称和时态的变化,否定回答:needn’t或don'thaveto(不必)。mustn’t表示“禁止”.havetodon’tdoesn’t/didn’thaveto—MustIbehomebeforeeighto’clock?8点之前我必须回家吗？—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't./No,youdon'thaveto.Unit10Ifyougototheyou’llhaveagreattime!【重点词语/短语用法解析】haveagreattime意为“玩得愉快”,=enjoyoneself,fun,haveagood/wonderful/nicetimehaveagreat/goodtimein(doing)sth.做某事很开心asksb.（not）todosth.（不）Theteachersaskustodo(do)lotsofhomework.ordersth.from+地点“从某地订购食物”Iwanttoordersomebooksfromthebookstore.keep…tooneself保守秘密unlessconj.unless引导的条件句表示在特定条件下,才决定做或不做一件事。=if...notTheconcertwillbeheldasscheduleunlessthereisatyphoon.=Theconcertwillbeheldasscheduleifthereisnotatyphoon.beafraidtodosth.I’mafraidtospeakinfrontofotherpeople.beafraidofsth.害怕某事Hetoldmenottobeafraidofdifficulties.beafraid+that从句I’mafraidthatIcan’tfinishontimebeangrywithsb.Wewereangrywithhimforkeepinguswaiting.beangryat/aboutsth.Heisangryat/aboutyouranswer.Iheendatlast/finallyattheendof在...末端；到...尽头Hemarriedthenicegirlintheend/atlast/finally.Theschoolisattheendofthestreet.carelessadj.Theboyisverycareless.Heismorecarefulthanme.他比我认真。advisev.“劝告；建议”n.advice,Givemesomeadvice!advisedoingsth.建议做某事。advisesb.（not）todosth.建议某人（不）做某事Iadvisewaitingtilltherighttime.我建议等到适当的时候。Iadvisehimnottosleeplateeveryday.我建议他不要每天睡懒觉。It’sbest(not)todosth.最好（不）It’sbesttospeakEnglisheveryday.runawayfrom“从…逃离”“逃避”cut…inhalf“切成两半”【重点语法】if条件句if中if,if主句则用一般将来时。（主将从现）构成if从句主句（主将从现）时态一般现在时：主+be(is/am/are)+其它（/形。主+V原+其它。主（三单）+V（三单1.一般将来时：主语＋shall/will+V2.主句是祈使句主句含有情态动词Can,may,must4.主句含有want,hope,wishIf Iamanteacher,If youcomeback,Ifhecomes,If youcancome,If IhavemuchIwillbebusy.callmeplease.hewilltakeustothezoo.pleaseletmeknow.Imaytakeatrip.ifwill时,而不用begoingtoPS：在when（当…时候）,after,before等引导的时间状语（从现。人教版八年级下册英语知识点梳理如：IwillcallyouwhenIreachCanada.我一到加拿大就给你打电话。人教版八年级下册英语知识点梳理Unit1What’sthematter?【重点单词】matter[ˈmætə]v.重要,要紧,有关系What’sthematter?怎么了？出什么事了？sore[sɔ:(r)]adj.疼痛的,酸痛的haveacold感冒stomach['stʌmək]n.胃,腹部stomachache['stʌməkeɪk]n.胃痛,腹痛haveastomachache胃痛foot(复数feet)[fu:t]n.脚neck[nek]n.颈,脖子throat[θrəʊt]n.喉咙fever['fi:və]n.发烧,发热lie[laɪ]v.躺,平躺liedown躺下rest[rest]n.剩余部分,其余；放松,休息cough[kɒf]n.&v.咳嗽X-ray['eksreɪ]n.X,Xtoothache[ˈtu:θeɪk]n.牙痛takeone'stemperature量体温headache[ˈhedeɪk]n.头痛haveafever发烧break[breɪk]n.&v.休息,暂停；打破takebreaks(takeabreak）休息hurt[hə:t]v.伤害,损害,使受伤passenger['pæsɪndʒə]n.乘客,旅客offɒf]adv.prep.离开（某处getofftoone'ssurprise使…惊讶,出乎…意料onto[ˈɒntə]prep.向,朝trouble[ˈtrʌbl]n.麻烦,烦扰,问题hit[hit]n.&v.碰撞,打,打击rightaway立即,马上getinto陷入,参与herself[hə:ˈself]pron.她自己,她本身（she的反身代词）bandage['bændɪdʒ]n.&v.绷带；用绷带包扎sick[sɪk]adj.患病的,不适的knee[ni:]n.膝盖nosebleed[ˈnəʊzbli:d]n.鼻出血breathe[bri:ð]v.呼吸sunburned[ˈsʌnbɜ:nd]adj.晒伤的ourselves[ɑ:ˈselvz]pron.我们自己（we的反身代词）climber[ˈklaɪmə(r)]n.登ft者beusedto习惯于…适应于…risk[rɪsk]n.&v.takerisks(takearisk)accident[ˈæksidənt]n.意外事件；事故situation[ˌsitjuˈeiʃən]n.状况,形式,情况kg=kilogram[ˈkɪləgræm]n.公斤,千克rock[rɔk]n.岩石runout(of)knife[naif]n.刀,餐刀cutoff切除blood[blʌd]n.血mean[mi:n]v.outof离开,从…出来importance[ɪmˈpɔ:tns]n.[dɪ'sɪʒn]n.control[kən'trəʊl]v.控制,支配,操纵beincontrolof掌管,管理spirit['spɪrɪt]n.勇气,意志death[deθ]n.死亡giveup放弃nurse[n:s]n.护士【重点短语】1.haveafever发烧2.haveacough咳嗽3.haveatoothache牙疼talktoomuch说得太多5.drinkenoughwater6.haveacold受凉;感冒7.haveastomachache胃疼8.haveasoreback背疼9.haveasorethroat喉咙痛takeriskshotteawithhoney12.seeadentistgetanX-ray拍X光片takeone’stemperature量体温putsomemedicineonsth.giveupsoundlikeallweekendinthesamewaygotoadoctorgoalongonthesideoftheroadshoutforhelpwithoutthinkingtwicegetoffhaveaheartproblemtoone’ssurprise另某人惊讶的是thankstointimemakeadecisiongetintotroublerightawaybecauseofgetoutofkeepondoingsth.putabandageonsth.falldownfeelsickhaveanosebleedcuthiskneeputherheadbackhaveproblemsbreathingmountainclimbingft运动beusedtodoingsth.runout(of)sothat47.so...that...如此……以至于...…beincontrolofinadifficultsituation【重点句型】What'sthematterwithyou?=What'thetroublewithyou?=What'swrongwithyou?你怎么了？Whatshouldshedo?ShouldItakemytemperature?shouldliedownandrest.Doyouthinkitcomesfromanewspaperorabook?你认为它是来自报纸还是书呢？IthinkIsatinthesamewayfortoolongwithoutmoving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。Shesaidthatthemanhadaheartproblemandshouldgotothehospital.Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.【重点单词】cleanup打扫（清除）干净cheer[tʃiə]v.欢呼cheerup变得更高兴,振奋起来giveout分发,散发volunteer[ˌvɔlənˈtiə]n.&v.志愿者；义务做comeupwith想出,提出putoff推迟sign[saɪn]n.标记,符号,标牌notice[ˈnəʊtɪs]n.&v.通知,公告；注意到handout分发callup打电话给…某人,征召usedtodosth.过去常常做某事lonely['ləʊnlɪ]adj.孤独的,寂寞的carefor照顾,非常喜欢several[ˈsevrəl]prep.[strɒŋ]adj.[ˈfi:lɪŋ]n.[ˌsætɪs'fækʃn]n.joy[dʒɔɪ]n.owner[ˈəʊnə(r)]n.tryoutjourney['dʒɜ:nɪ]n.（尤指长途）旅行,行程raise[reɪz]v.抬起,举起,筹集,征集alone[əˈləun]adv.独自地,孤独地repair[riˈpɛə]v.修理,修补fix[fiks]v.修理,安装fixup修理,修补giveaway赠送,捐赠takeafter（外貌或行为）像broken['brəʊkən]adj.破损的,残缺的wheel[wi:l]n.&v.轮子,车轮；旋转letter[ˈletə]n.信件,字母Miss[mɪs]n.小姐setup建立,设立disabled[disˈeibəld]adj.有残疾的,丧失能力的makeadifference影响,有作用blind[blaɪnd]adj.盲的,盲目的,失明的deaf[def]adj.聋的imagine[ɪˈmædʒɪn]v.想象,设想difficulty['dɪfɪkəltɪ]n.困难open[ˈəʊpən]v.打开door[dɔ:]n.门carry['kærɪ]v.携带,搬运train[treɪn]v.训练,培养training[ˈtreɪnɪ]n.训练,培训excited[ɪkˈsaɪtɪd]adj.激动的,兴奋的kindness[ˈkaɪndnəs]n.仁慈,善良,亲切,善意clever[ˈklevə]adj.聪明的,机灵的understand[ˌʌndəˈstænd]v.懂,理解change[tʃeɪndʒ]n.&v.改变interest['ɪntrəst]n.&v.感兴趣；兴趣sir[sɜ:(r)]n.先生madam['mædəm]n.夫人,女士【重点短语】Clean-UpDayanoldpeople’shome养老院helpoutwithsth.usedtocareforthelookofjoyattheageof在 岁时cleanupcheerupgiveoutcomeupwithmakeaplanmakesomenoticestryoutworkforputuphandoutcallupputoffforexampleraisemoneytakeafter与 相;像giveawayfixupbesimilartosetupdisabledpeoplemakeadifferencebeabletoafter-schoolreadingprogram【重点句型】Theboycouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbank.这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。Clean-UpDayisonlytwoweeksfromnow.仅仅两周的时间。HevolunteersatananimalhospitaleverySaturdaymorning.Lastyear,shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.去年,她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。Youcanseeintheireyesthatthey'regoingonadifferentjourneywitheachnewbook.到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。Iwanttoputoffmyplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。Mostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettingjobstomakelotsofmoney.YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveUnit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?【重点单词】rubbish[ˈrʌbɪʃ]n.takeouttherubbish倒垃圾fold[fəʊld]v.mess[mes]n.混乱,脏乱,食堂throw[θrəʊ]v.扔,投掷allthetime频繁,反复neither[ˈni:ðə]pron.adv.二者都不；也不shirt[ʃə:t]n.运动衫,衬衫assoonas一…就…,尽快pass[pɑ:s]v.borrow['bɒrəʊ]v.lend[lend]v.finger[ˈfigə(r)]n.手指hate[heɪt]v.chore[tʃɔ:(r)]n.杂务,乏味的工作while[wail]conj.当...时候,而,然而snack[snæk]n.小吃,点心,快餐stress[stres]n.精神压力,心理负担waste[weɪst]v.浪费,消耗inorderto目的是,为了provide[prə'vaid]v.anyway[ˈeniwei]adv.depend[diˈpend]v.dependon依靠于develop[dɪˈveləp]v.发展,壮大,开发,研制independent[ˌindiˈpendənt]adj.独立自主的,不受约束的independence[ˌɪndɪ'pendəns]n.独立fair[fɛə]adj.公平的,公正的unfair[ˌʌnˈfeə]adj.不公平的,有偏见的fairness[ˈfeənɪs]n.公正性,合理性since[sɪns]conj.因为,既然neighbor[ˈneɪbə]n.邻居takecareof照顾,处理ill[il]adj.生病的,有病的drop[drɔp]v.落下,跌落【重点短语】1.gooutfordinner出去吃饭2.stayoutlate在外面待到很晚3.gotothemovies去看电影4.getaride搭车workonfinishdoingsth.7.cleanandtidythedishes9.takeouttherubbish倒垃圾10.foldyour/theclothes叠衣服11.sweepthefloor扫地12.makeyour/thebed整理床铺13.cleanthelivngroom打扫客厅14.noproblem没问题welcomeehomefromschool/work/17.throwdown18.sitdown坐下19.comeover过来20.takesb.forawalk带某人去散步21.allthetime一直;总是22.allday/evening整曰/夜23.dohousework做家务24.shoutback大声回应25.walkaway走开26.sharethehousework分担家务27.acomfortablehome一个舒适的家28.insurprise惊讶地29.getsomethingtodrink拿点喝的东西30.watchoneshow观看一个节目31.hangout闲逛32.passsb.sth.把某物传给某人33.lendsb.sth.把某物借给某人getsth.wethatetodosth.36.dochores37.helpsb.(to)do/withsth•帮助某人干某事38.bringatent带顶帐篷来39.buysomesnacks40.gotothestore41.invitesb.toaparty42.makesb.dosth.44.awasteoftime45.inorderto46.getgoodgrades取得好成绩47.minddoingsth.介意做某事48.dependon依赖;依靠49.developchildren’sindependence50.lookafter/takecareof51.doone’spartin(doing)sth.做某人分内的事【重点句型】Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?吗？Ihavetodosomework.CouldIuseyourcomputer?Shewon'tbehappyifsheseesthismess.如果她看到Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.MymomcameoverassoonasIsatdowninfrontoftheTVIhatetodochores.parents?【重点单词】allow[əˈlaʊ]v.允许,准许wrong[rɔ]adj.错误的What'swrong?哪儿不舒服？midnight['mɪdnaɪt]n.lookthrough浏览,快速查看guess[ɡes]v.deal[di:l]v.处理,应付bigdeal重要的事workout成功地发展,解决getonwith和睦相处,关系良好relation[rɪˈleɪʃn]n.关系,联系,交往communicate[kəˈmju:nikeit]v.沟通,通信,通讯communication[kəˌmju:nɪˈkeɪʃn]n.交流,沟通argue[ˈɑ:ɡju:]v.争论,争吵cloud[klaʊd]n.云elder['eldə(r)]adj.年级较长的instead[ɪnˈsted]adv.代替whatever[wɒtˈevər]pron.任何,不管什么,无论什么nervous[ˈnə:vəs]adj.紧张不安的offer['a:fər]v.提供,自愿给予proper[ˈprɔpə]adj.合适的,适当的secondly[ˈsekəndli]adv.第二,其次explain[ɪkˈspleɪn]v.讲解,解释,说明clear[klɪə]adj.清晰的,清楚易懂的copy[ˈkɔpi]v.复制return[rɪ'tɜ:n]v.回来,返回,归还anymore['enɪmɔ:]adv.不再,再也不member[ˈmembə]n.成员,会员pressure['preʃə(r)]n.压力compete[kəm'pi:t]v.比赛,竞争opinion[əˈpɪnjən]n.意见,想法,看法skill[skɪl]n.技能,技巧typical[ˈtɪpɪkl]adj.典型的football[ˈfʊtbɔ:l]n.足球cutout删