名词性从句优秀教案新部编本(练习)

精品教学教案设计 精品教学教案设计 |Excellentteachingplan教师学科教案[20[20-20学年度第一学期］任教学科:任教年级:任教老师:xx市实验学校精品教学教案设计 精品教学教案设计 |Excellentteachingplan育人犹如春风化雨，授业不惜蜡炬成灰育人犹如春风化雨，授业不惜蜡炬成灰名词性从句讲解（复习课）一、热点考点回顾（一）名词性从句定义在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 （NounClauses）,名词性从句的功能相当于名词或名词词组， 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语。因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从高考的考查的实际情况来看，名词性从句考得最多的是宾语从句，其次是主语从句，再次是表语从句，而同位语从句则很少考查。（二）名词性从句.从句的分类/形容词性从句，即定语从句《状语从句从句〔 C主语从句名词性从看〕宾语从句表语从句同位语从句.说明：①名词性从句的功能相当于名词，根据其在句中充当的成份，有不同的叫法。②引导名词性从句的连接词主要有：a.从属连词that,无词义，不作句子成分；在宾语从句中可省略，但引导其他名词性从句时通常不省略。Ihope（that）youwillenjoyyourholiday.希望你假期过得好。Thathelikesyouisveryobvious.很显然他喜欢你。b.从属连词if,whether（是否）有词义，但不作句子成分。引导宾语从句时，可换成互换，但引导其他名词性从句时不能换成 if;Heaskedwhether[if]Iwouldshowhimtheway.他问我是否可以给他带路。Whetheritwilldousharmremainstobeseen.是否对我们有害还要看——看。（弓I导主语从句，不能用if代替whether）c.从属连词asif(=asthough,似乎、好像)有词义，但不作句子成分；Shelookedasifshehadcried.她看起来好像哭过。连接代词who,whoever,what,whatever,whom,whomever,which,whichever,howmuch,howmany有词义，作主语、宾语、定语成分；Tellmewhichoneyoulikebest.告诉我你最喜欢哪一个。Whoeverpasstheexamwillgetaprize.无论哪一个通过考试都会得到一个奖品。连接副词when,whenever,where,wherever,why,how,however,howoften,howsoon,howfar,howlong作状语成分。Thequestionishowweshouldcarryouttheplan.问题是怎样执行这个计划。Whenshe'llbebackdependsmuchontheweathe她什么时候回来在很大程度上要看天气。Whyhediditwillremainapuzzleforever.他为什么这样做将永远是一个谜。③在名词性从句中，要用陈述语序。【例】1.Idon'tknowwheredoeshelive.(false)Idon'tknowwherehelivesuetr 我不知道他住在哪。2.Whatlifeinthefuturewillbelikeisunknown.(true)Whatwilllifeinthefuturebeisunknown.(false)【链接训练】Thephotographswillshowyou.(MET89)whatdoesourvillagelooklikewhatourvillagelookslikehowdoesourvillagelooklikehowourvillagelookslike［解析］答案：Bo根据引导词在从句中作介词like的宾语，所以不能用副词how,排除C、D,而A项用了疑问句的语序，故选B项Heaskedforaviolin.(MET92)didIpayhowmuchIpaidhowmuchhowmuchdidIpayhowmuchIpaid答案：D3.（04广东25）Parentsaretaughttounderstandimportanteducationistotheirchildren"sfuture.A.that B.how C.such D.so解析本题关键是对句子的理解和语序的安排。 抛开从句不看的话，从句中的原旬应该是：Educationisimportanttotheirchildren"sfuture。强调important,用how来修饰，再把它提前，所以应该选Bhow。④不可用nomatterwho,nomatterwhat等引导名词性从句，只能引导状语从句。⑥名词性从句的时态问题.当主句的谓语动词是一般现在式时，从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。MymotheraskmewhetherIhavefinishedmyhomework.我妈妈问我是否完成家庭作业了。.当主句的谓语动词是过去式时，宾语从句若不是一个客观事实或真理，其谓语动词也必须用某种过去时态。Myteachersaidthattheearthgoesaroundthesurffe老师说地球围绕太阳转。Shesaidthatshedidn'twanttoknow.她说她不想知道。Iaskedherwhethershewouldagree我问她是否会同意。when,if这两个词既可引导名词性从句，也可引导状语从句。当它们引导名词性从句且表示将来意义时，要直接使用将来时态；但当它们引导状语从句且表示将来意义时，则必须用一般现在时表示将来意义。如：Idon'tknowwhenhewillcome,butwhenhecomes,I 我於caHyou.什么时候，但当他来的时候，我会打电话给你。旬中第一个when引导的是宾语从句，故用将来时态表示将来意义；第二个

when引导的是时间状语从句，故用一般现在时表示将来意义(一)、主语从句.定义：若处在主语的位置上是个句子，那么这个句子就叫做主语从句。.注意事项：a.在主语从句中，任何引导词都不可以省去。【例】Thatherhairisturninggreyworriesher.b.在主语从句中，不用if,用whether。【例】Whetherhewillcomeornotisnotclear.(true)Ifhewillornotisnotclear.(false)c.主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。若谓语动词为两个或两个以上时，则用复数。【例】1.Wherewewillhaveaholidayhasn'tbeendecided.2.Wherewe'llgopicnicingandhowwewillgoaren 'tclear.d.主语从句作主语时，习惯上用it作形式主语，而将主语从句后置。［例］1.It，sverycleahattheboywasseriouslyill.形式主语 真正的主语t'suncertainwhetherwe'llhaveameetingtoday.3.Ithasn'tbeendecidedwhentheywillleaveforjiift)NewYork.e.以it作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常见句型有：It'scertain/uncertainthat …It'scertain/uncertainthat …It'slikely/possible/probablethatIt'sapity/shamethat…It'snosurprisethat…It'ssaid/reported/thought/believethatIthappensthat……肯定•••/不确定……有可能……很可惜/很遗憾……毫不奇怪/很正常……据说/据报道/大家认为/人们相信碰巧……f.当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，必须用it做形式主语。【例】1.Isittruethatthescientistwillgiveusalecture?2.Doesitmattermuchthatheywon'tcome?g.主语从何的虚拟语气，常见句型如下：?It'sapity/shame/nowonder+that柱语+（should）+v.…? It'srequested/suggested/desired+tha庄语+（should）+v.…? It'snecessary/strange/important+that主语+（should）+v.…【链接训练】.（06辽宁30）makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.What B.Who C.WhateverD.Whoever解析what弓I导主语从句,并作从何的主语， A.what=thethingthat。.（06山东27）teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.A.Nomatterwhat B.NomatterwhichC.WhateverD.Whichever解析由句式结构可知此空白处应选择连词引导主语从何，且在主语从句中作team的定语使用，选项中只有whichever和whichever可同时具备这两种功能，且从数个已知的队中选择一个，故选 D.whichever。.（07福建35）Itisnoneofyourbusinessotherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeyourself.A.how B.what C.whichD.when解析本题考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，it作形式主语，而真正的主语应为后面的从旬，且从句中缺少动词 think的宾语，故用B.what引导。（二）、表语从句.定义：若处在表语的位置，即放在系动词be,seem,100k等词之后，那么这个句子就叫做表语从句。.注意事项：a.引导表语从何的任何词都不可以省（在口语中 that偶尔可以省去）。【例】Thetruthis（that）Ihaveneverbeenthere.b.在表语从句中，不用if,用whether。c.asif（二asthough）可以引导表语从句。【例】Itlooksasifit'sgoingtorain.Thegirlseemsasthoughshehascried.【链接训练】.（04全国I31）YouaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequalandthisisIdisagree.A.why B.where C.whatD.how解析where引导表语从句，where指的是在某一点上，相当于atthepoint。句意为：你说每个人都应该平等，在这一点上，我不同意你的说法。 disagree是不及物动词，所以不能用what,故选Bo.（05安徽32）Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolongeritwas20yearsago,itwassopoorlyequipped.A.what;when B.that;which C.what;whichD.which;that解析第一个从何是表语从句并在从句中作表语， 所以用what;后面是一个when引导的定语从句,其先行词是20yearsago故选A。3.（06全国I23）Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwaswedidthismorning.A.when B.which C.where D.what解析本题考查了表语从句的用法。由旬中旬子结构可知，此处缺一表语从何引导词，而且要在句中作did的宾语，故只有D.what符合要求。(三)、宾语从句.定义：若处在宾语的位置上是个句子，那么这个句子就叫做宾语从句。.注意事项：①引导宾语从句的that可以省，但若有两个或以上的that引导的宾语从何时，只可以省去第一个that,其后的不省。【例】Ifind(that)heisdishonestandthatheoftentelllies.②that引导的宾语从句位于旬首时，不可以省去 that。【例】Thatheeversaidsuchathing,don'tbelieve.③if和whether在引导宾语从何时，可以互换，但在下列情况下不可以：a.与ornot连用时，只用whether,不用if。b.用if引导的宾语从何，如果会产生歧义，应避免使用 if,而用whether。【例】Pleasetellme_ifyouintendtogo.上例中if翻译为如果“、是否”均可。c.介词后的宾语从句，只用whether-,不用if。【例】Itdependsonwhetheritisfinetomorrow.d.与不定式连用时，只能用whether,不能用if。【例】Idon'tknowwhethertogoornot.e.discuss后接whether引导的宾语从句，不可接if。f.将宾语从何放在旬首时，只用whether引导，不用if。【例】Whetherhe'llcometothemeetingtomorrow/:mnotsure.④如果宾语从句后边还有宾语补足语时，则需用it作形式主语，而将宾语后置，此时that不可省。【例】1.WethoughtitstrangethatXiaoMingdidn'tattendthemeetingyesterday..Wefinditnecessarythatweshouldaskhimforadvice..Hemadeitclearthatanyonewhobrokethelawwouldbepunished.⑤介词后的宾语从何不可以用which来引导，用what或whatever。【例】I.Areyousorryforwhatyouhavedone?.TheEmperorwaspleasedwithwhattheministerhadtoldhimaboutthecloth..Healwayspaysattentiontowhatevertheteachersays.⑥在宾语从句中，时态要一致：若主句是现在时态（一般现在时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时），从句可根据需要用在何时态。【例】hheishavingsuppernow.hesawthefilmyesterday.hhewillgotoShanghainextweek.Ithinkthat仁hewaswatchingTVat7:00lastnight.heoftengoestoworkbybus.hehasreadthemagazinebefore.若主句为过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时），从句也要用相应的过去时。但客观真理、科学原理、格言等永远用一般现在时，不受时态要一致的规则限制。【例】1.Hesaidhewillcometoseemenextweek.（false）Hesaidhewouldcometoseemenextweek.（true）Hesaidhehasbeenthere.（false）Hesaidhehadbeenthere.（true） 他说他曾经在这。. rtheearthgoesroundthesun. 地球绕着太阳转。 、Theteachertoldusthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.光速比声速快。⑦由连词that引导的宾语从句很少做介词的宾语，只用在except（=but,除•…以外，不包括在内）、besides（除•…以外，包括某一范围在内）之后，且此时的that不可省。其它一些介词后若出现that引导的宾语从句时，要用it先行一步，作形式宾语，后放从句。【例】1.Thegirlhasn'tchangedatallexceptthatsheongersotalktive（adj.健谈的）..Yourcompositioniswell-writtenexceptthatthereareafewspellingmistakes..Youmaydependonitthatthey'llsupportyou..Wemustseeto确保)itthateveryonewillbepleasantatthemeeting.⑧在宾语从句中应注意句型：〃whatisthematterwithhim.(true)}Idon'tknowwwhat'swrongwithhim.(true) 已是陈述语序whatwrongiswithhim.(false)whatthematteriswithhim.(false)⑨believe,think,guess,supposed含有宾语从句的疑问句中要作 插入语”。【例】1.Doyouknowwhoheiswaitingfor?(true) 你知道他在等谁吗？Whodoyouthinkheiswaitingfor?(true).Whatdoyousupposeheisdoingnow?.Wheredoyoubelievehehasbeen?你相信他在哪？⑩I'mafraid/sure/sorry/certain+that-clausetfc叫宾语从句。【例】I'mafraidthatIhaveabadcold.我害怕得重感冒。【链接训练】I.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknewshewassoangry.(10湖南)A.where B.whether C.thatD.why解析：该空引导宾语从句，根据句意“办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气”可判断选D项。.Asanewgraduate,hedoesn'tknowittakestostartabusinesshere(10天津)A.howB.whatC.WhenD.which句意：作为一名新毕业生，他不知道需要什么才能在这里开始经营。解析：空格后的从句中takes是动词，其后缺少宾语，所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用what。.（04湖南24）IthinkfatherwouldliketoknowI'vebeenuptosofaoIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.A.which B.why C.what D.how解析此句关键在于弄清短语beupto该短语意思是：忙于，从事，其中to为介词，所以需要一个代词，根据句意，只能用 what,故选C。.（04d匕京31）Wecan'tfigureoutquiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.A.that B.as C.why D.when解析本题考查引导宾语从句的引导词。根据关键词aredyingout可排除as、when两项。figureout有“理解，想出；计算”等意。根据句意应选Cwhy。（四）、同位语从句.定义：若处在同位语的位置上是个句子，那么这个句子就叫做同位语从句。.注意事项：①同位语从句要放在某些名词之后，用来解释或说明这些名词的内容，常见的有：fact,news,hope,promise,idea,truth,suggestion,thought,order,question,problem,belief,doubt,fear,word（n.[U]^M）,possibility,report。②在同位语从句中，不用if,用whether。③常用来引导同位语从句的连词有： that,whether,how,when,where,what。④为了保持句子平衡，有时同位语从句会和它前面的名词分开。【例】AnorderhascomefromBerlinthatnolanguagebutGermanshouldbetaughtintheschoolsofFrance.0*角1头重脚轻）⑤引导同位语从句的任何词都不可省。⑥注意区分定语从句和同位语从句。定语从句：用来修饰其前面的名词，关系词在句中作成分；同位语从句：用来说明其前面的名词的内容，引导词在从句中不作成分。【比较】I.Thenews(that/which)Iheardistrue.定语从句)Thenewsthatourteamwonistrue.If］位语从句)2.Thesuggestionthatheputforwardwasturneddown.Heputforwardthesuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.3.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcomeback..Themancan'tanswerthequestionhowhegotthemoney..HeexpressedthehopethattheycouldcometoChinaagainnextyear..Mymothermadeapromisethatshewouldbuymeanewcomputer.【补充】〔.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepublished..Whoeversaysthatisaliar..Whoeverheardofsuchathing!特别注意what的双重功能：①Whatwasonceregardedasimpossiblehasnowbecomeareality(what为所 的事“，相当于“thethingthat;allthat「everythingthat”•2)AfterseemedaverylongtimeIopenedmyeyeandfoundmyselfinbed.(MET'93)A.what B.when C.that D.which(what方目当于“thetimethat表示” 时间”)③Heisnotwhathewasafewyearsago.WhoisitthathasmadeFredwhatheisnow?(what表示” 的人二木目当干“thepersonthat④WhatisnowtheNorthSaharaDesertwasonceacivilizedworld(what表示”的地方“，相当干“theplacethat ”•.”)@Ourincomeisnowdoublewhatitwastenyearsago(what表示” 的数目“，相当干“theamounjZnumberthat【链接训练】.(04上海春41)AlongwiththeletterwashispromisehewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.which B.that C.what D.whether解析本题考查同位语从旬。句意为：他在信中承诺：在即将到来的圣诞节来看望我。由句子结构可以看出promise后的从何非常完整，不缺少任何句子成份；由题意可知该从何用以说明promise的内容，所以可判断出是一个同位语从句，因为是在陈述一个事实，故引导词要用that,故选Bo.（05浙江15）Danbyleftwordwithmysecretaryhewouldcallagainintheafternoon.A.who B.that C.asD.which解析that引导的从何作word口信”的同位语，别的引导词不合适故选Bo.（05辽宁29）Doyouhaveanyideaisactuallygoingonintheclassroom?A.that B.what C.asD.which解析在这里，所填词引导的从何是对前面名词idea内容的解释，所以应是同位语从句。同位语从句中缺主语，根据题意，答案应为 B.what。二、典型例题somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.（北京）A.Whether B.What C.That D.How一Howaboutcampingthisweekend,justforachange?10浙江）—OK,youwant.A.whichever B.however C.whateverD.whoeverItisuncertainsideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.（10浙江）精品教学教案设计 精品教学教案设计 |Excellentteachingplan育人犹如春风化雨，授业不惜蜡炬成灰育人犹如春风化雨，授业不惜蜡炬成灰A．that B．what C．howD．whetherOnereasonforherpreferenceforcitylifeis shecanhaveeasyaccesstoplaceslikeshopsandrestaurant（s.10上海）A.that B.how C.what D.whyPartofthereasonCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel,DavidCopperfield,was itwasrathercloselymodeledonhisownlife（.10北京32）A.what B.that C.why D.whetherBeforethesalesstart,Imakealistof mykidswillneedforthecomingseason.（10山东26）A.why B.what C.how D.whichWhenchanginglanes,adrivershouldusehisturningsignaltoletotherdriversknow （10上海37）.A.heisenteringwhichlane B.whichlaneheisenteringC.isheenteringwhichlane D.whichlaneisheenteringHowmuchoneenjoyshimselftravellingdependslargelyon hegoeswith，whetherhisfriendsorrelatives． （10四川 14）A．what B．who C．how D．WhyWehaven’tdiscussedyet wearegoingtoplaceournewfurni（tur1e0.全国I33）A.that B.which C.what D.WhereIwanttobelikedandlovedfor Iaminside.（10湖北31）A.who B.whereC.what D.how三、课堂练习 BarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.A.Which B.What C.That D.Whom.Theshockingnewsmademerealize terribleproblemswewouldface.A.what B.how C.that D.why.Thereisclearevidence themostdifficultfeelingofalltointerpretisbodilypain.A.what B.if C.how D.that.Themessageyouintendtoconveythroughwordsmaybetheexactoppositeof othersactuallyunderstand.A.why B.that C.which D.whatamafraidhe’smoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichis heneverfinishesanything.A.that B.when C.where D.why.We’veofferedherthejob,butIdon’tknow she’lalcceptit.A.where B.what C.whether D.which.Thevillagershavealreadyknown we’lldoistorebuildthebridge.A.this B.that C.what D.whichtwasneverclear themanhadn’rteportedtheaccidentsooner.A.that B.how C.when D.why9.Hiswritingissoconfusingthatit’dsifficulttomakeout itisheistryingtoexpress.A.that B.how C.who D.what10.Ourteachersalwaystellustobelievein wedoandwhoweareifwewanttosucceed.A.why B.how C.what D.which11._Twentystudentswanttoattendtheclassthataimstoteach toreadfast.A.what B.who C.how D.why.Whenthenewscame thewarbrokeout,hedecided,toserveinthearmy.A.since B.which C.that D.because.Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidence smokingcanleadtomanydiseases.A.what B.which C.that D.where14.I'diketostartmyownbusiness—that'sIdoifIhadthemoney.A.why B.when C.whichD.whattisstillunderdiscussion___theoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotelornot.A.whether B.when C.which D.where四、课后作业一、选择题精品教学教案设计 精品教学教案设计 |Excellentteachingplan育人犹如春风化雨，授业不惜蜡炬成灰育人犹如春风化雨，授业不惜蜡炬成灰精品教学教案设计 精品教学教案设计 |Excellentteachingplan育人犹如春风化雨，授业不惜蜡炬成灰育人犹如春风化雨，授业不惜蜡炬成灰1.Itisnotalwayseasyforthepublictoseeuseanewinventioncanbeoftohumanlife.A.whose B.what C.which D.that2.Beforeaproblemcanbesolved,itmustbeobvioustheproblemitselfis.A.what B.that C.which D.why—Haveyoufinishedthebook?（1眸国H10）---No,I'vereaduptothechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.A.which B.what C.that D.where.—IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.10江苏35）—That'sIdon'tagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.A.where B.how C.when D.what.（0眼徽32）acertaindoubtamongthepeopleastothepracticalvalueoftheproject.A.Ithas B.Theyhave C.ItremainsD.Thereremains（09湖南28）Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodoittakestosaveherlife.A.whichever B.however C.whatever D.whoever.（江西）Thefacthasworriedmanyscientiststheearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.A.what B.which C.that D.though.（09ft南24）CouldIspeaktoisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?A.who B.what C.whoever D.whatever.（09ft南33）OneofthemostimportantquestionstheyhadtoconsiderwasofpublichealthA.what B.this C.that D.which.（09陕西17）Thehow-to-bookcanbeofhelpto wantstodothejob.A.who B.whomever C.nomatterwhoD.whoever.（09上海40）Asanewdiplomat,heoftenthinksof hecanreactmoreappropriatelyonsuchoccasions.A.what B.which C.that D.how.（09四川7）Newscamefromtheschooloffice WangLinhadbeenadmi