年MBA入学考试英语试题

2004年MBA入学考试英语试题SectionIListeningComprehensionDirections:ThissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytounderstandspokenEnglish.Youwillhearaselectionofrecordedmaterialsandyoumustanswerthequestionsthataccompanythem.Therearethreepartsinthissection,PartA,PartBandPartC.Remember,whileyouaredoingthetest,youshouldfirstputdownyouranswersinyourtestbooklet.Attheendofthelisteningcomprehensionsection,youwillhave5minutestotransferallyouranswersfromyourtestbooklettoANSWERSHEET1.NowlookatPartAinyourtestbooklet.PartADirections:ForQuestions1-5,youwillhearatalkaboutthegeographyofBelgium.Whileyoulisten,filloutthetablewiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Someoftheinformationhasbeengiventoyouinthetable.Writeonly1wordornumberineachnumberedbox.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.Younowhave25secondstoreadthetablebelow.（5points）GeographyofBelgiumThreemainregionscoastalplaincentralplateau1Highestaltitudeofthecoastalplainm2Climateneartheseahumid3ParticularlyrainymonthsoftheyearApril4AveragetemperaturesinJulyinlow13oCBrusselshighoC5PartBDirections:ForQuestions6-10,youwillhearaninterviewwithMr.SaffofromtheInstitutefortheFuture.Whileyoulisten,completethesentencesoranswerthequestions.Usenotmorethan3wordsforeachanswer.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.Younowhave25secondstoreadthesentencesandquestionsbelow.（5points）6WhatisSaffoaccordingtohimself？TheInstitutefortheFutureprovidesservicesto7Privatecompaniesand8TheInstitutebelievesthattothinksystematicallyaboutthelong-rangefutureis9Tosucceedinanything,oneshouldbeflexible,curiousand10WhatdoesSaffoconsidertobeessentialtotheworkofateam？PartCDirections:Youwillhearthreepiecesofrecordedmaterial.Beforelisteningtoeachone,youwillhavetimetoreadthequestionsrelatedtoit.Whilelistening,answereachquestionbychoosingA,B,CorD.Afterlistening,youwill'havetimetocheckyouranswers.Youwillheareachpieceonceonly.（10points）Questions11-13arebasedonthefollowingtalkaboutnamingnewborns.Younowhave15secondstoreadQuestions11-13.11.Whatdoweoftendowiththethingswelove？[A]Askfortheirnames.[B]Namebabiesafterthem.[C]Putdowntheirnames.[D]Choosenamesforthem.12.Theunpleasantmeaningofanoldfamilynameisoftenoverlookedif[A]thefamilytreeisfairlylimited.[B]thefamilytieisstrongenough.[C]thenameiscommonlyused.[D]nobodyinthefamilycomplains.13.Severalmonthsafterababy'sbirth,it'snamewill[A]showthebeautyofitsown.[B]developmoreassociations.[C]losetheoriginalmeaning.[D]helpformthebaby'spersonality.Questions14-16arebasedonthebiographyofBobbyMoore,anEnglishsoccerplayer.Younowhavel5secondstoreadQuestionsl4-16.14.HowmanymatchesdidMooreplayduringhisprofessionalcareer？[A]90.[B]108.[C]180.[D]668.15.Inl964,BobbyMooreWasmade[A]England'sfootballeroftheyear.[B]asoccercoachinWestGermany.[C]amedallistforhissportsmanship.[D]amemberoftheOrderOftheBritishEmpire.16.AfterMooreretiredfromplaying,thefirstthinghedidwas[A]editingSundaysport.[B]workingforCapitalRadio.[C]managingprofessionalsoccerteams.[D]developingasportsmarketingcompany.Questions17-20arebasedonthefollowingtalkonthecityofBelfast.Younowhave20secondstoreadQuestions17-20.17.Belfasthaslongbeenfamousforits[A]oilrefinery.[B]linentextiles.[C]foodproducts.[D]deepwaterport.18.WhichofthefollowingdoesBelfastchieflyexport？[A]Soap.[B]Grain.[C]Steel.[D]Tobacco.19.WhenwasBelfastfounded？[A]In1177.[B]In1315.[C]Inthe16thcentury.[D]Inthe17thcentury.20.WhathappenedinBelfastinthelate18thcentury？[A]Frenchrefugeesarrived.[B]Theharborwasdestroyed.[C]Shipbuildingbegantoflourish.[D]ThecitywastakenbytheEnglish.Younowhave5minutestotransferallyouranswersfromyourtestbooklettoANSWERSHEET1.SectionII

VocabularyandStructure.（10points）Directions:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthissection.ForeachSentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEET1withapencil.21.Itisfearedthatpeoplelivingnearthepowerstationmayhavebeen_____toradiation.A.displayed

B.releasedC.explored

D.exposed22.Somepeopleare_____intothinkingthattheyliketostoreupenergy.A.measured

B.coaxedC.deceived

D.delivered23.Ifyouthinkyourchild'srequestis_____,givehimachancetoearnthemoneytobuytheitem.A.worth

B.worthwhileC.worthy

D.worthless24.Parentalloveshouldinclude_____,andsotheteenagerwhoistrulylovedwillreceiveguidance.A.discipline

B.acceptanceC.allowance

D.principal25.Asateacheryouhaveto_____yourmethodstosuittheneedsofslowerchildren.A.adopt

B.adjustC.adapt

D.acquire26.Thepublicopinionwasthatthetimewasnot_____fortheelectionofsucharadicalcandidateasMr.Jones.A.reasonable

B.practicalC.ready

D.ripe27.OnereasonforthesuccessesofAsianimmigrantsintheU.S.isthattheyhavetakengreat_____toeducatetheirchildren.A.efforts

B.painsC.attempts

D.endeavors28.Watchingmepullingthecalfawkwardlytothebarn,theIrishmilkmaidfoughthardtoherlaughter.A.holdback

B.holdonC.holdout

D.holdup29.Howdoesit_____thatyouranswersareidenticalwithhis？A.comeout

B.comeoffC.comeup

D.comeabout30.ThereareafewsmallthingsthatIdon'tlikeaboutmyjob,but______it'sveryenjoyable.A.aboveall

B.asusualC.byandlarge

D.byallmeans31.I_____providedyouwiththemoney.Whydidn'tyouaskme？A.couldhave

B.hadC.musthave

D.oughttohave32._____nodoubtthattheeffectivenessofthedrugneedstobetestedbymanyexperiments.A.Therebeing

B.ItisC.Thereis

D.Itbeing33.Marysaidthatsheoughtnottohavemadeherfatherangry,_____？A.oughtn'tshe

B.hadn'tsheC.wasn'tshe

D.didn'tshe34.Weoftengototheamusementparkwhichissituatedin_____adesertedfield.A.thatusedtobe

B.thatisusedtobeC.whatusedtobe

D.whatisusedtobe35.After_____intotheward,thenurseatthedeskaskedmeseveralquestions.A.beingwheeled

B.IwaswheeledC.wheeling

D.havingbeenwheeled36.Manyaplant_____bestinplaceswherethereisagreatdealofshade.A.grows

B.growC.hasgrown

D.havegrown37.Therobberwasbroughttothejudge,hishands_______.A.tobefasttied

B.werefasttiedC.havingbeenfasttied

D.fasttied38._____thediffusionofheatupwardtotheEarth'ssurface,thetemperaturewithintheEarthremainsconstant.A.That

B.DespiteC.If

D.When39._____areinertoutsidelivingcells,butwithintheappropriatecellstheycanreplicate,causingviraldiseasesinthehostorganism.A.Viruses

B.ThatvirusesC.Viruses,which

D.Despiteviruses40.Onlyrecently_____possibletoseparatethecomponentsofflagrantsubstancesandtodeterminetheirchemicalcomposition.A.itbecomes

B.havingbecomeC.hasitbecome

D.whichbecomesSectionIII

Cloze（5points）Directions:Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET1.TheChinaboomisbynowawell-documentedphenomenon.Whohasn't

41

theMiddleKingdom'sastoundingeconomicgrowth（8percentannually）,itstremendousconsumermarket（1.2billionpeople）,theinvestmententhusiasmofforeignsuitors（$40billioninforeigndirectinvestmentlastyear

42

）？Chinaisaneconomicwonder.

43

NicholasLardyoftheBrookingsInstitution,aWashingtonD.C.-basedthinktank,Nocountry

44

itsforeigntradeasfastasChinaoverthelast20years.Japandoubleditsforeigntradeover

45

period；China'sforeigntradewasquintupled（使成五倍）。They'vebecomethepre-eminentproduceroflabor-intensivemanufacturinggoodsintheworld.Butthere'sbeen

46

fromthedazzlingChinagrowthstory——namely,theChinesemultinational.NomajorChinesecompanieshaveyetestablishedthemselves,ortheirbrands,

47

theglobalstage.Butthingsarenowstartingtochange.

48

100yearsofpovertyandchaos,ofbeingovershadowedbyforeigncountriesandmultinationals,Chineseindustrialcompaniesarestartingtomakeamarkontheworld.Anewgenerationoflargeandcrediblefirms

49

inChinaintheelectronics,applianceandevenhigh-techsectors.Somehave

50

criticalmassonthemainlandandarenowseekingnewoutletsfortheirproduction——throughexportsandbybuildingChinesefactoriesabroad,chieflyinSoutheastAsia.41.A.listened

B.listenedto

C.heard

D.heardof42.A.alone

B.aside

C.along

D.lonely43.A.Asfor

B.Asto

C.Judgingby

D.Accordingto44.A.hasexpanded

B.didexpand

C.doesexpand

D.expands45.A.20-year

B.a20-year

C.20-years

D.a20years46.A.somethinglostB.lostsomethingC.somethingmissing

D.somethingmissed47.A.at

B.in

C.over

D.on

48.A.Before

B.After

C.Since

D.Behind49.A.emerge

B.haveemerged

C.hasemerged

D.isemerged50.A.reached

B.reachedover

C.reachedout

D.reacheddownSectionIV

ReadingComprehension

（40points）PartADirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEET1withapencil.Questions51to54arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Lessthan40yearsagointheUnitedStates,itwascommontochangeaone-dollarbillforadollar'sworthofsilver.Thatisbecausethecoinswereactuallymadeofsilver.Butthosedaysaregone.Thereisnosilverintoday'scoins.Whenthepriceofthepreciousmetalrisesaboveitsfacevalueasmoney,themetalwillbecomemorevaluableinotheruses.Silvercoinsarenolongerincirculationbecausethesilverincoinsisworthmuchmorethantheirfacevalue.Asilverfirmcouldfindthatitischeapertoobtainsilverbymeltingdowncoinsthanbybuyingitonthecommoditymarkets.Coinstodayaremadeofanalloyofcheapermetals.Gresham'sLaw,namedafterSirThomasGresham,arguesthatgoodmoneyisdrivenoutofcirculationbybadmoney。Goodmoneydiffersfrombadmoneybecauseithashighercommodityvalue.Greshamlivedinthe16thcenturyinEnglandwhereitwascommonforgoldandsilvercoinstobedebased.Governmentsdidthisbymixingcheapermetalswithgoldandsilver.Thegovernmentscouldthusmakeaprofitincoinagebyissuingcoinsthathadlesspreciousmetalthanthefacevalueindicated.Becausedifferentmixingsofcoinshaddifferentamountsofgoldandsilver,eventhoughtheyborethesamefacevalue,somecoinswereworthmorethanothersascommodities.Peoplewhodealtwithgoldandsilvercouldeasilyseethedifferencebetweenthegoodandthebadmoney.Greshamobservedthatcoinswithahighercontentofgoldandsilverwerekeptratherthanbeingusedinexchange,orweremelteddownfortheirpreciousmetal.Inthemid-1960swhentheU.S.issuednewcoinstoreplacesilvercoins,Gresham'slawwentrightinaction.51.WhywasitpossibleforAmericanstouseaone-dollarbillforadollar'sworthofsilver？A.BecausetherewasalotofsilverintheUnitedStates.B.Becausemoneywasthemediumofpayment.C.Becausecoinsweremadeofsilver.D.Becausesilverwasconsideredworthless.52.Today'scoinsintheUnitedStatesaremadeof______.A.somepreciousmetalsB.silverandsomepreciousmetalsC.variousexpensivemetalsD.someinexpensivemetals53.Whatisthedifferencebetweengoodmoneyandbadmoney？A.Theyarecirculatedindifferentmarkets.B.Theyareissuedindifferentfacevalues.C.Theyaremadeofdifferentamountsofgoldandsilver.D.Theyhavedifferentuses.54.Whatwasthepurposeofthegovernmentsissuingnewcoinsbymixingcheapermetalswithgoldandsilverinthe16thcentury？A.Theywantedtoreservesomegoldandsilverforthemselves.B.Therewasneitherenoughgoldnorenoughsilver.C.Newcoinswereeasiertobemade.D.Theycouldmakemoney.Questions55to58arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Bythemid-nineteenthcentury,thetermice-boxhadenteredtheAmericanlanguage,buticewasstillonlybeginningtoaffectthedietofordinarycitizensintheUnitedStates:Theicetradegrewwiththegrowthofcities.Icewasusedinhotels,taverns,andhospitals,andbysomeforward-lookingcitydealersinfreshmeat,freshfish,andbutter.AftertheCivilWar（1861-1865）,asicewasusedtorefrigeratefreightcars,italsocameintohouseholduse.Evenbefore1880,halftheicesoldinNewYork,Philadelphia,andBaltimore,andone-thirdofthatsoldinBostonandChicago,wenttofamiliesfortheirownuse.Thishadbecomepossiblebecauseanewhouseholdconvenience,theicebox,aprecursorofthemodemrefrigerator,hadbeeninvented.Makinganefficienticeboxwasnotaseasyaswemightnowsuppose.Intheearlynineteenthcentury,theknowledgeofheat,whichwasessentialtoascienceofrefrigeration,wasrudimentary.Thecommonsensenotionthatthebesticeboxwasonethatpreventedtheicefrommeltingwasofcoursemistaken,foritwasthemeltingoficethatperformedthecooling.Nevertheless,earlyeffortstoeconomizeiceincludedwrappingtheiceinblankets,whichkepttheicefromdoingitsjob.Notuntilneartheendofthenineteenthcenturydidinventorsachievethedelicatebalanceofinsulationandcirculationneededforanefficienticebox.Butasearlyas1803,aningeniousMarylandfarmer,ThomasMoore,hadbeenontherighttrack.HeownedafarmabouttwentymilesoutsidethecityofWashington,forwhichthevillageofGeorgetownwasthemarketcenter.Whenheusedaniceboxofhisowndesigntotransporthisbuttertomarket,hefoundthatcustomerswouldpassuptherapidlymeltingstuffinthetubsofhiscompetitorstopayapremiumpriceforhisbutter,stillfreshandhardinneat,one-poundbricks.Oneadvantageofhisicebox,Mooreexplained,wasthatfarmerswouldnolongerhavetotraveltomarketatnightinordertokeeptheirproducecool.55.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage？A.Theinfluenceoficeonthediet.B.Thetransportationofgoodstomarket.C.Thedevelopmentofrefrigeration.D.Sourcesofthetermice-box。56.Accordingtothepassage,whendidthewordiceboxbecomepartoftheAmericanlanguage？A.In1803.B.Around1850.C.DuringtheCivilWar.D.Before1880.57.Thewordrudimentaryinparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto__________A.basicB.sufficientC.necessaryD.undeveloped58.ThesentenceThomasMoorehadbeenontherighttrack（para.3）indicatesthat__________A.Moore'sfarmwasnotfarawayfromWashingtonB.Moore'sfarmwasontherightroadC.Moore'sdesignwascompletelysuccessfulD.MoorewassuitableforthejobQuestions59to62arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Today,thecomputerhastakenupappliancestatusinmorethan42percentofhouseholdsacrosstheUnitedStates.AndthesecomputersareincreasinglybeingwiredtotheInternet.Onlineaccesswasupmorethan50percentinjustthepastyear.Now,morethanonequarterofallU.S.householdscansurfincyberspace.Mostly,thisexplosivegrowthhasoccurreddemocratically.Theonlinepenetrationandcomputerownershipincreasesextendacrossallthedemographiclevels——byrace,geography,income,andeducation.Weviewthesetrendsasfavorablewithouttheslightestquestionbecauseweclearlyseecomputertechnologyasempowering.Infact,personalgrowthandaprosperousU.S.economyareconsideredtobethelong-rangerewardsofindividualandcollectivetechnologicalpower.Nowforthenot-so-goodnews.Thegovernment'sanalysisspellsoutso-calleddigitaldivide.Thatis,thedigitalexplosionisnotboomingatthesamepaceforeveryone.Yes,itistruethatweareallpluggedintoamuchgreaterdegreethananyofushavebeeninthepast.Butsomeofus

aremorepluggedinthanothersandaregettingpluggedinfarmorerapidly.Andthisgapis

wideningevenasthepaceoftheinformationageacceleratesthroughsociety.ComputerownershipandInternetaccessarehighlyclassifiedalonglinesofwealth,race,education,andgeography.Thedataindicatesthatcomputerownershipandonlineaccessare

growingmorerapidlyamongthemostprosperousandwelleducated:essentially,wealthywhitepeoplewithhighschoolandcollegediplomasandwhoarepartofstable,two-parenthouseholds.Thehighestincomebrackethouseholds,thoseearningmorethan$75,000annually,are20timesaslikelytohaveaccesstotheInternetashouseholdsatthelowestincomelevels,under$10,000annually.Thecomputerpenetrationrateatthehigh-incomelevelisanamazing76.56percent,comparedwith8percentatthebottomendofthescale.Technologyaccessdifferswidelybyeducationallevel.Collegegraduatesare16timesaslikelytobeInternetsurfersathomeasarethosewithonlyelementary-schooleducation.Ifyoulookatthedifferencesbetweenthesegroupsinruralareas,thegapwidenstoatwenty-six-foldadvantageforthecollege-educated.Fromthetimeofthelaststudy,theinformationaccessgapgrewby29percentbetweenthehighestandlowestincomegroups,andby25percentbetweenthehighestandlowesteducationlevels.Inthelongnm,participationintheinformationagemaynotbeazerosumgame,whereifsomegroupswin,othersmustlose.Eventually,asthetechnologymatureswearelikelytoseepenetrationlevelsapproachallgroupsequally.Thiswastruefortelephoneaccessandtelevisionownership,buteventuallycanbecoldcomfortinanerawhentomorrowisrapidlydifferentfromtodayandunrecognizablecomparedwithyesterday.59.HowmanyU.S.householdshavelinkedtoInternettoday？A.Morethan25percent.B.By29percent.C.Morethan42percent.D.Morethan50percent.60.Accordingtothetext,thecomputerusebythehigh-incomelevelisthatbythelowestincomelevels.A.8percentmorethanB.76.56percentmorethanC.nearly10timesasmanyasD.about20timesasmanyas61.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingpreventspeoplefromgainingaccesstotheInternet？A.Incomelevel.B.Pooreducationandlow-incomelevel.C.Participationintheinformationage.D.Telephoneaccessandtelevisionownership.62.Judgingfromthecontext,whatdoesdigitaldivide（Dara.3）probablymean？A.Thegovernment'sanalysis.B.Thedividebetweenthepoorandtherich.C.Thepaceoftheinformationage.D.Thegapbetweenpeople'saccesstothecomputer.Questions63to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Justoverayearago,Ifoolishlylockedupmybicycleoutsidemyoffice,butforgottoremovethepannier（挂蓝）。WhenIreturnedthepannierhadbeenstolen.InsideitwereabouttenofthelittlerednotebookItakeeverywhereforjottingdownideasforarticles,shortstories,TVshowsandthelike.WhenIlostmynotebooks,Iwasdevastated；alltheideasI'dhadoverthepasttwoyearswerecontainedwithintheirpages.Icouldrememberonlyafewofthem,buthadtheimpressionthatthoseIcouldn'trecallweretrulybrilliant.Thoselittlebookswerecrammedwiththeplotsofaward-winningnovelsandscriptsforradiocomedyshowsthatwereonlytwo-thirdsasbadastheonesonatthemoment.That'snotall,though.Inmyreminiscence,mylostnotebookscontainedsketchesformanyinnovativeandincrediblemachines.Inonebooktherewasadesignforadevicethatcouldturnseawaterintoapplecider；inanother,planforanautomaticdog；inathird,sketchesforapairofwaterproofshoeswithtelevisionscreensbuiltintothetoes.Nowalloftheseplansarelosttohumanity:Ifoundmynotebooksagain.Itturnsouttheyweren'tinthebikepannieratall,butinacarrierbaginmyspareroom,whereIfoundsixmonthsaftersupposedlylosingthem.AndwhenIflippedthroughtheirpages,readytoruntothepatentofficeinthemorning,Idiscoveredtheywerecompletelyfullofrubbish.Discoveringthenotebooksreallyshookmeup.Ihadfirmlycometobelievetheywerebrimmingwithbrilliant,inventivestuff——andyetclearlytheyweren't.Ihaddeludedmyself.Aftersurveyingmynonsense,Ifoundthatthishaloeffectalwaysattachesitselftothingsthatseemirretrievablylost.Don'tweallhaveasneakingfeelingthattheweatherwassunnier,TVshowsfunnierandcake-shopbunsbunnierinthenot-very-distantpast？Allthiswouldnotmattermuchexceptthatitisapowerfulelementinreactionarythought,thisbeliefinabetteryesterday.Afterall,racismoftenstemsfromadelusionthatthingshavedeterioratedsincetheycame.Whataboontosocietyitwouldbeifpeoplecouldvisitthepastandseethatitwasn'ttheparadisetheyimaginebutsimplythepresentwithdifferenthats.Sadly,timetravelisimpossible.Untilnow,thatis.BecauseI'vesuddenlyrememberedIleftaleatherjacketinanIndonesianrestaurantacouplesofyearsago,andI'mabsolutelycertainthatintheinsidepockettherewasasketchI'dmade……63.Byonlytwo-thirdsasbadastheonesonatthemoment,theauthormeans__________A.betterthanB.asbadasC.worsethanD.asgoodas64.Assoonastheauthorreadmelostnotebooks,he_________A.reportedthefactB.founditvaluelessC.registeredtheinventionsD.wasveryexcited65.Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthormostprobablyagreewith？__________A.Yesterdayisbetter.B.Yesterdayisnobetterthantoday.C.Selfdelusionsometimesisnecessary.D.Thingstodayhavedeteriorated.PartBDirections:Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthengiveshortanswerstothefivequestions.WriteyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET2.Atelevisionadfeaturesashipdriftingonatwinklingoceanasthevoice-overintoneswordstothiseffect,Whenwasthelasttimetheworldrevolvedaroundyou？WhenevermyhusbandandIseethis,wecan'thelpbutlaugh.Pointingtoourdaughter,weshout,Whendidn'tit？Butit'saruefulchuckle（苦笑）。Somehowourfamilydoesrevolvearoundourchild:hersports,herhomework,hersocialcommitments.MyhusbandandIhavelivestoo.It'sjustthatwemustfitthemintowhateverscrapoftimeisleftover.Somewhereinthelasttwogenerations,weshiftedourfocusfrommarriageasthefamilyfoundationtochildren.It'sbeenasubtlechange,andyouhavetolookcloselytoseeitsimpactonmarriage.Comparethetimeyourparentsspentexclusivelytogethertotheamountyouandyourmatedo.ParentsofearliergenerationswentoutonSaturdaynights.Today'sfamiliescartthekidstopartieswithfamilyfriends.Isitgoodfortheparentsandkidstobetogether？Parentsoncesupportedeachother'sneeds,andchildren'spreferencescamesecond.Turnoffthattelevision.YourfatherdeservessomepeacewhenhecomeshomeandNo,youcan'tsitinthefront.That'syourmother'sseatwereperfectlyreasonablethingstosay.Manycouplestookhalfanhourattheday'sendtoshareadrinkandconversation.Childrenwereexpectedtoplayindependently.Bedroomdoorswereclosedandparents'bedssacred.Sexwasanadultsecretenjoyedbyparentswhowereconfidentthattheirchildrenwouldn'twalkinwithoutknocking.Now,parentscan'tfindtimeorprivacy.Childrencentrednesshasgonetoofar.Howdidwemakemaritallovesecondtoparentallove？Theincreasingbalanceofpowerbetweenthesexesthatresultedfromwomenachievingmoreeconomicindependencecutruthlesslyintothetimewomenhavefortheirchildren.Amarriage-centredfamilywasonceafather-centredfamily.ParentsspenttimetogetherwhenDadcamehome.TodayMummightspendthathalfhourreadingastorytoherson.Hetoowantstoreconnect,andinachild-centredfamily,thattakesprecedence.Whentimeislimited,weputourchildrenfirst.Dad'spositionhasbeenerodedbythedemandsofanevermorecompetitivechildhood.Childexpertshaveshownusthebenefitsofearlystimulation,socializing,beingreadaloudto.Toaffordachildtheseadvantagesrequires1000gymnasticsvisits,musiclessons,tutoring.Intellectualachievementsareallfast-trackednowtoo.Childrenarriveinkindergartenhavinglongsincelearnedthelettersandcoloursoncelovinglytaughtduringthatfirstyearofschool.Andgoodschoolsaretheonesassigningmorehomework,requiringmoreparentparticipation.66.Whatisthe-author'sattitudetowardschildrencenteredness？67.WhydoestheauthorsayIt'sbeenasubtlechange？68.Whatdoestheworderodemean？69.Giveexamplestoshowanevermorecompetitivechildhood。70.Mentiontwofactorsthathavemadetheshiftfrommaritallovetoparentallove.Section

V

Translation（10points）Directions:InthissectionthereisapassageinEnglish.TranslatethefivesentencesunderlinedintoChineseandwriteyourtra