高三英语阅读理解解析版汇编

高三英语阅读理解解析版汇编一、高中英语阅读理解.阅读理解Haveyoueverlostyourcaronaparkinglot?Ithappens.Youparkandgoshopping.Whenyougetback,youhavenoideawhereyourcaris.Itcanbediscouraging.Youdon'tneedtoinstall(安装)anexpensiveGPSsystemtokeeptrackofyourcar.That'stooexpensive.Youwouldneedtopayamonthlysubscriptionfeejusttouseit.Butisthereawaytotrackyourvehiclewithoutspendingafortune?Yes,nowthereis!ACalifornia-basedstart-upcompanywasabletomakethisareality.Theycreatedatinydevice(装置)thatworkswithyoursmartphone,anditcouldbeexactlywhatyou'relookingfor!It'scalledTrackRBravo.It'schangingthewaywekeeptrackoftheimportantthingsinourlives.InstallthefreeTrackRapponyoursmartphone,connecttheapptoyourdeviceandyou'rereadytogo!SimplyattachTrackRtowhateveryouwanttokeepaneyeon.Theentireprocessofsettingituponlytakes5minutesorless.Youcanattachittoyourkeys,walletandanythingelseyoudon'twanttolose.ThenusetheTrackRapptofindwhereyourmissingitemareinseconds.ForgetexpensiveGPSsystemsortrackingservices.Nobodywantstopayexpensivemonthlysubscriptionfees.Weunderstandhowstressfulthesethingscanbe,andthisisthereasonwhythecompanycreatedTrackR.ThisdeviceisyourVIPwhenyouneedtotakecareofimportantthings.Ifyouforgetwhereyouparkyourcar,takeoutyoursmartphoneandopentheTrackRapp.Taponthe“lostitemgn6'ntsescreenandtheappwilltellyoutheexactlocation.Thisdeviceisbynomeansexpensive.TrackRonlycosts$29,asmallpricetopayforpeaceofmind.Thedeviceissmallenoughthatyoucanattachittoyourpets.Putitontheircollar,andyouwillneverlosetrackofthem!Attachittoyourkeyorwallet,andneverwasteaminuterummagingthewholehouseforit.Sinceyou'vebeeninformedaboutthisbrilliantinvention,nowattachittoeverythingthat'simportanttoyou.WhydoestheauthormentionthelostcarinthefirstParagraph?A.Toexplainhowterriblethesituationis.B.Tostresstheimportanceofbeingcautious.C.Toleadtothetopicconcerningfindinglostitems.D.Toprovideonecommonexampleabouttheft.What'sthefeatureoftheTrackRapp?A.Theprocessofsettinguptheappiscomplex.B.Thecostofsettinguptheappisratherhigh.C.Theappisavailableinanyelectronicequipment.D.Theapphelpslocatethelostitemsinashorttime.TheTrackRwascreatedbecause.A.lifeisfullofallkindsofpressureB.trackingservicescausefinancialburdenC.peoplewanttokeeptheirimportantitemssafeD.GPSsystemscannotprovidespecificlocationWhichofthefollowingisclosesttothemeaningoftheunderlinedword"rummaging"inParagraph5?A.Searching B.Destroying C.Cleaning D.Moving【答案】(1)C⑵DBA【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍杰出的发明 TrackR它可以帮助你找到丢失的东西。(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的 "Haveyoueverlostyourcaronaparkinglot?Ithappens.Youparkandgoshopping.Whenyougetback,youhavenoideawhereyourcaris.Itcanbediscouraging.可知，提到丢失的汽车是为了寻找丢失物品的话题。故选Q(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的 "ThenusetheTrackRapptofindwhereyourmissingitemareinseconds.可知，”这个应用程序可以帮助在短时间内找到丢失的物品。故选 D。(3)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的 "ForgetexpensiveGPSsystemsortrackingservices.Nobodywantstopayexpensivemonthlysubscriptionfees.Weunderstandhowstressfulthesethingscanbe,andthisisthereasonwhythecompanycreatedTrackR.可知，跟踪服务，造成财政负担。故选Bo(4)考查词义猜测。根据倒数第二段中的 "Thedeviceissmallenoughthatyoucanattachittoyourpets.Putitontheircollar,andyouwillneverlosetrackofthem!Attachittoyourkeyorwallet该装置是足够小，你可以将它附加到你的宠物上。把它放在他们的项圈上，你从来不会与他们失去联系！把它系在你的钥匙或钱包上。由此可知，找到它从不浪费一分钟搜查整个房子。划线词的意思应该是 搜寻"，故选Ao【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。2.阅读理解DearMr.ing,I'mBobWatson,oneofthecustomersinyourgrocerystore.I'mwritingtoexpressmyideaaboutyourgoods.YourSupermartisoutstandinginmanyways.FirstIenjoytheselectionofproduceandfreshbakeryitems.SecondyourlowpricesandexcellentcustomerservicekeepmecomingbacktoSupermart.Ihavefound,however,thatImustmakeaseparateshoppingtriptooneofyourcompetitorsbecausetherearemanyitemsyourstoredoesnotcarry.Thisbecomesinconvenientforme,asmytimeisvaluable,andIdon'tliketomaketwotrips.IhavebeenalongtimeSupermartshopperandhopetocontinueformanyyears.IfIcouldfindalltheitemsIneedinoneplace,Iwouldbeamoresatisfiedcustomer.Specifically,Ihaveneverbeenabletopurchasenachocheesesoupatyourstore.Icanfindotherflavors(味道)ofsoup,butyourstoredoesnotcarrynachocheesesoup,acommoningredient(原料)inmanyofmyrecipes.Inaddition,Icanonlyfindlargewontonwrappers,whilemanyotherstorescarrybothlargeandsmallandofferamorevariedselectionfortheircustomers.AnotherexampleisRegentBrandChiliSeasoning.Thoughitisnotaleadingbrand,itisstillcommonontheshelvesofothergrocerystoresinthisareaandissuperiorinflavortoitscompetitors.Isincerelyhopetocontinuearelationshipwithyourstore,andIhopethatyouwillconsiderthepossibilityofexpandingyourgoodstobemorecompetitive.Yourstruly,BobWatson（1）Fromtheletter,wecanlearnthattheauthoris .A.averypickyreporterB.aregularcustomerofthestoreC.aresponsiblenutritionistD.acompetitorofthestoreHowdoestheauthorpresenthispointinParagraph2?A.Bycomparingtwodifferentstores.B.Byanalyzingthefigures.C.Byprovidingscientificfindings.D.Bygivingexamples.AccordingtoBob,thegrocerystore .A.offersgoodcustomerserviceB.isoutstandingineverywayC.meetsallhisneedsD.lacksconvenienttransportation【答案】 （1）BDA【解析】 【分析】本文是一封书信。杂货店的常客 BobWatson写信表达了对杂货店里的产品的看法。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的 “SecondyourlowpricesandexcellentcustomerservicekeepmecomingbacktoSupermarket你们的低价和优质的顾客服务使我经常光顾你”们的超市。从信中我们可以了解到作者是该店的常客。故选 B。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的 “Specifically,Ihaveneverbeenabletopurchasenachocheesesoupatyourstore.Icanfindotherflavors（味道）ofsoup,butyourstoredoesnotcarrynachocheesesoup,acommoningredient（原料）inmanyofmyrecipes.Inaddition,Icanonlyfindlargewontonwrappers,whilemanyotherstorescarrybothlargeandsmallandofferamorevariedselectionfortheircustomers.AnotherexampleisRegentBrandChiliSeasoning.具体来说，我从来没能在你们店里买到纳乔奶酪汤。我可以找到其他口味的汤，但你们店里没有纳乔奶酪汤，我的很多食谱里都有纳乔奶酪汤。此外，我只能找到大馄饨皮，而许多其他的商店有大的和小的，并为他们的客户提供更多样化的选择。另一个例子是 Regent牌辣椒调料。可知，作者在第二段中通过举例子来陈述他的观点。故选 D。(3)考查推理判断。根据第二段中 “YouSupermarketisoutstandinginmanyways.FirstIenjoytheselectionofproduceandfreshbakeryitems.SecondyourlowpricesandexcellentcustomerservicekeepmecomingbacktoSupermarket. 你们的超市在很多方面者酩艮出色。首先，我喜欢选择农产品和新鲜的烘焙食品。其次，你们低廉的价格和优质的客户服务让我经常光顾超市。可知，据鲍勃说，这家杂货店提供良好的顾客服务。故选 Ao【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一封信件，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3.阅读理解Thereareatleast3,000milesofwaterwaysinBritain.Onthesecanalsandrivers,thereareover30,000'houseboats'—boatsthatpeopleuseashomes.Around10,000ofthemarelocatedinLondon.TheearliestpopulationsofBritain's'boatpeople'havebeenlivingonthewatersincethecanalswerebuiltduringtheindustrialrevolution.Sincethen,houseboatlivinghasusuallyattractedpeoplewhoprefertoliveanalternativelifestyle.Houseboatcommunitiesaretypicallymadeupofpeoplewhoarelookingforaslowerwayoflifeandwhowanttobeintouchwithnature.Livingonthewatersoundsromantic,butitisalsohardwork.Therearedailythingsthatneedtobedone,likebringingfuelandwateronboardanddealingwith'waste'waterfromkitchensink,showerandtoilet.Inwinter,livingonaboatcanbeverycoldandthereisalwaysafeelingofdamp.Ofcourse,mostboatsarequitesmallinside,soyoudon'thavemuchspace,especiallyifyouareacouple,familyoragroupoffriends.Despitethesedifficulties,thenumberofpeoplelivingonBritain'swaterwayshasincreasedbyaround50percentoverthepasttenyears.Moreandmorefamiliesandyoungprofessionalsaremovingontohouseboats,notonlybecausetheyliketheideaoflifeonwater,butalsobecauseitismuchcheapertobuyorrentaboatthanaflatorahouse.Thereisagreatsenseofcommunityonthewaterways;manyboatpeoplesaythattheirneighboursarealwaysreadytohelpthem,andhouseboatneighboursoftenbecomefriendsforlife.Thisisquiteadifferentstoryfrompeoplewholiveinflatsorhousesandmayhardlyknowthepeoplenextdooratall.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"alternative"inparagraph2probablymean?A.Creative.B.Enjoyable.C.Non—traditional.D.Primitive.Fromthethirdparagraph,weknowthatitistoliveontheboat.A.inconvenientB.easyC.boringD.unforgettableWhichofthefollowinginformationisnotgiveninthetext?A.TherearelotsofriversandcanalsinBritain.B.ManypeopleliveonhouseboatsinWales.C.Houseboatlivingbecomepopularintheindustrialrevolution.D.Peoplewholiveonhouseboatsareusuallyveryfriendlywiththeirneighbours.（4）Whydomanypeoplechoosetoliveonthewater?A.livingonthewaterisromanticB.livingonthewateriseasyandnaturalC.livingonthewatercanavoidunfriendlyneighboursD.livingonthewatercostslessthanlivingontheland【答案】 （1）CABD【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在英国年轻人中流行的一种居住方式 “船屋”。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的 “Houseboatcommunitiesaretypicallymadeupofpeoplewhoarelookingforaslowerwayoflifeandwhowanttobeintouchwithnature.可知，游艇社区通常是由那些寻求慢节奏生活方式和想要接触大自然的人组成的；再根据第一段中的“thereareover30,000'houseboats'—boatsthatpeopleuseashomes.”这些人以船为家的。即他们以船为家，是因为喜欢慢节奏的生活，想要接触大自然。这与传统的居住方式不同。可知 “Sincethen,houseboatlivinghasusuallyattractedpeoplewhoprefertoliveanalternativelifestyle这句是说从工业革命起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的”人。即这种游艇生活吸引那些喜欢 “非传统的 ”生活方式的人。选项 C.Non—traditional（非传统的）符合题意，故选 C。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的 “Livingonthewatersoundsromantic,butitisalsohardwork.可知，在水上生活听起来很浪漫，但也很辛苦；以及” “Therearedailythingsthatneedtobedone, Inwinter,livingonaboatcanbeverycoldandthereisalwaysafeelingofdamp.Ofcourse,mostboatsarequitesmallinside, 比如带上燃料和水，要处理 ” “废水”等。冬天住在船上很冷，总有一种潮湿感。当然，大多数的船里面都很小 。由这些例子可知，生活在船上是极不方便的。故选 A。（3）考查细节理解。根据第一段 “Thereareatleast3,000milesofwaterwaysinBritain.Onthesecanalsandrivers,...Around10,000ofthemarelocatedinLondon.可知英国有许多河流 ”和运河，其中大约 10000个位于伦敦。可知 A项正确；第二段中的 “TheearliestpopulationsofBritain's'boatpeople'havebeenlivingonthewatersincethecanalswerebuiltduringtheindustrialrevolution.Sincethen,houseboatlivinghasusuallyattractedpeoplewhoprefertoliveanalternativelifestyle 自工业革命时期修建运河以来，英国最早的” “船民”一直生活在水上。从那时起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人，即说游艇生活在工业革命中变得流行起来，可知 C项正确；以及最后一段中的 “manyboatpeoplesaythattheirneighboursarealwaysreadytohelpthem,andhouseboatneighboursoftenbecomefriendsforlife.许多船民说，他们的邻居总是乐于帮助他们，而船上邻居常常成为终生的朋友，可知”

D项正确。综合可知B项文章中没有提及，故选B。(4)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的 "Moreandmorefamiliesandyoungprofessionalsaremovingontohouseboats,notonlybecausetheyliketheideaoflifeonwaterbutalsobecauseitismuchcheapertobuyorrentaboatthanaflatorahouse. 越来越多的家庭和年轻的专业人士正搬到游艇上居住，这不仅是因为他们喜欢水上生活，还因为买船或租船比租公寓或房子便宜得多。可推断出生活在水上比生活在陆地上花费少。故选 D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。Directions:Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.Takingyourpulseduringphysicalactivityallowsyoutomeasurehowhardyouareexercising.Youshouldexercisetostaywithinyourtargetheartrange. - 、r-UseyouriiuteiSngcr Dontusryourthumb —ttbzsa ofiisIJ01MLII"Plaoc(hc»two8n约yowwrist,justbtlowdwbase犹thethumb■5期14ieriLLmberofbwts(pul等帛｝forI§swond?；,Tike?tliis.numtjerandmultiplyby4toGndyouihear!nteinbeatsperminuteFareiamplejfyoucountjIncreasingyourheartrateisakeypartofexercisebutitisimportantthatyourheartrateisnottoohighortoolow.Ifyouareabeginner,youshouldalsobeabletobreathecomfortablywhileexercising.Thiswillensurethatyouareexercisingatalevelthatissafeandeffectiveforyourbody.Thechartbelowillustratestargetheartraterangesforexercisebasedonthemaximalheartrateforselectedages.Herearethestepsforusingthechart:AMeasureyourexerciseheartraleAMeasureyourexerciseheartraleinbeatspetminute(BPM).>Lookatthechart-Findyew晔,Ifyoutagefolkbetweenthelisted,rounduptothsnextoldnage-listed・Compareyourheartratetothetarget。取口养，Ifyvusiedoingmoderate-aercise；yourheartnteshould怩dosettothe50%ran照.If7ouaredoingngorousexercise,yourheairnteshouldbedosertothe85%range.IbrtoinUw50^85%rangewhen普仃口mngbyi口ac&a口gor 。工盯ci*uigwtyTARGETHEARTRATERANGESBASEDONAGETargetHeartRateZen«50%S5%ofMaximumHeartRat?Age(ysart>50%(BPMi7Q%(BPM)Oi1MaxifnttmHeart—PMI20TO1371班19530133162190351301S71S5409012615318045as1231491755011914517055心11644016560的112160WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Exerciseintensitycanbereflectedbyaperson'sheartrate.B.Thefasteryourheartrateis,themoreeffectivetheexerciseis.C.Vigorousexercisewilldefinitelypresentathreattopeople'ssafety.D.Thetargetexerciseheartraterangefora45-year-oldis90T49BPM.A34-year-oldmanisrunningandthenumberofpulseshetakesfor15secondsis40.Hisfitnesscoachhadbettertellhim.A."Youaredoingfine."B."Youcanrunfaster."C."Youshouldslowdownabit."D."Youshoulddrinksomewater."Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Toadvisepeopletoformahabitoftakingtheirpulseswhileexercising.B.Toinformpeopleofthetargetheartratezoneforthoseaged60andunder.C.Totellpeopletheimportanceofmaintainingmoderateamountofexercise.D.Toshowpeoplehowtomeasureheartratetokeepproperexerciseintensity.【答案】(1)A⑵C(3)D【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何给自己把脉以及用两个表格向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段 "Takingyourpulseduringphysicalactivityallowsyoutomeasurehowhardyouareexercising.Youshouldexercisetostaywithinyourtargetheartrange.及表格上的数据可知，一个人的心率可以反映运动强度。故选 Ao(2)考查细节理解。根据表格中给的测量心率的方法可知，此人的每分钟的心率是40*4=160,结合数据表格，年龄34从35岁那一栏可知，大于百分之85,根据图表说明可知，属于剧烈运动，因此他的健康教练应该告诉他放慢一点。故选a(3)考查推理判断。文章通过告诉读者如何给自己把脉以及用两个表格向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。可知，文章的目的是向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。故选 D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5.阅读理解Everybody,atsomepointintheirlives,hasexperiencedfailure.Itcouldbesomethingassimpleasnotgettingthejobyouwanted,orgettingfewermarksevenafterhardwork.Butwhatmakesyouisnotyourfailure,buthowyougetbackupafterbeinghit.Once,ayoungschoolboywascaughtinafireaccidentinhisschoolandwasassumedthathewouldnotlive.Hismotherwastoldthathewassuretodie,fortheterriblefirehaddestroyedthelowerhalfofhisbody.Evenifheweretosurvive,hewouldbelamethroughouthislife.Butthebraveboydidnotwanttodienordidhewanttobelame.Muchtotheamazementofthedoctor,hedidsurvive.Butunfortunatelyfromhiswaistdown,hehadnomotorability.Histhinlegsjusthungthere,lifeless.Eventuallyheleftthehospital.Buthisdeterminationtowalkwasunshakable.Athome,whenhewasnotinbed,hehadtostayinawheelchair.Oneday,hethrewhimselffromthechairandpulledhimselfacrossthegrass,dragginghislegsbehindhim.Hereachedthefence,raisedhimselfupandthenbegandragginghimselfalongthefence,firmlydetermined.Hedidthiseveryday,withfaithinhimselfthathewouldbeabletowalkunaided.Withhisirondetermination,hediddeveloptheabilitytostandup,thentowalkonandoff,thentowalkbyhimselfandthentorun.Hebegantowalktoschool,andthenruntoschool,torunforthejoyofrunning.Laterincollegehewasonthetrackteam.InFebruary1934,inNewYorkCity'sMadisonSquareGarden,thisyoungmanwhowasnotexpectedtosurvive,whowouldsurelyneverwalk,whocouldneverhopetorun-thisdeterminedyoungman,Dr.GlennCunningham,rantheworld'sfastestmile.Agoodexampleofthepowerofpositivethinkingandfaithinone'sself,GlennCunninghamcontinuestobeaninspirationformany,andhisstory,abrilliantevidencetohowonecanbouncebackevenwhenalldifficultiesarepiledagainstone,tothedegreethatdeathseemedthepreferableoption.Thefirstparagraphisintendedto.A.presentanargument B.makepreparationsforstatementC.arousereaders'interest D.functionasabriefintroductionWhatwasthedoctor'sopinionaboutGlenn?Glennwasabletowalkwithhisowngreateffort.GreatdeterminationcouldmakeadifferencetoGlenn.TherewasaslimchancethatGlenncouldsurvive.Glenncouldliveanormallifewiththeupperhalt"ofhisbody.WhatdoweknowaboutGlenn?A.Glenntookrecoveryexerciseinhospital.B.Glenninspiredpeoplewithhismovingstory.C.GlennwonthefirstplaceinMarathon.D.Glennorganizedatrackteamincollege.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?StrengthendeterminationC.GoafterdreamsStrengthendeterminationC.GoafterdreamsStandupafterfailureD.Facedifficultybravely【答案】(1)D⑵CBB【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇议论文。每个人在人生的某个阶段都经历过失败。文章通过Glenn幸存的故事，告诉我们 让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。”(1)推理判断题。根据第——段中Everybody,atsomepointintheirlives,hasexperiencedfailure.和Butwhatmakesyouisnotyourfailure,buthowyougetbackupafterbeinghit.可知，第一段的作用是作一个简短的介绍。故选Do(2)推理判断题。根据第三段中Muchtotheamazementofthedoctor,hedidsurvive.可知，医生认为Glenn生还的机会很小。故选 C。(3)推理判断题。根据最后一段中Agoodexampleofthepowerofpositivethinkingandfaithinone'sself,GlennCunninghamcontinuestobeaninspirationformany,可知，Glenn以他感人的故事激励人们。故选Bo(4)主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句Butwhatmakesyouisnotyourfailure,buthowyougetbackupafterbeinghit.让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。”可知本文最佳主题是 B项Standupafterfailure。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇议论类阅读，阅读时首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。6.阅读理解Whocouldhaveimaginedthatatreadmill(跑步机)onwheelswouldonedaybecomeathing?Lopifitisanunusualmeansoftransportationthatallowsyoutopoweranelectricbicyclebywalkingonatreadmill.LopifitfounderBruinBergmeestersaysitallstartedwhenheaskedhimselfthequestion."HowcanIuseatreadmilloutdoors?"Heeventuallycameupwithadesign,towhichheaddedanelectricengine,andLopifitwasborn.Thetreadmillbicycleissimilartoatypicalelectricbicycleinthatthemotoronlyworkswhentheriderputspowerinaswell.TheLopifitsensesitwhenyouwalkonthetreadmillandusesthemotortoturnadrivechainatthebackpartofthetreadmill,helpingyoureachatopspeedof17milesperhour.TousetheLopifit,simplyturnonthebatteryanduseyourfeettoslidethetreadmillbackwardsandactivate(激活)themotor.Thengetonandenjoytheride!Ifyouneedspeed,justwalkonthetreadmill,andifyouwanttocoast,allyouhavetodoisstaystillandadmiretheview.Tostop,youhavetwohandbrakesavailable.TheLopifitfirsthitthestreetsin2014and,unsurprisingly,becameaninstanthit.Thatwasactuallyquitechallengingforthecompany,becauseitstartedgetinquiriesandcallsfororders,butitwasnowherenearreadyformassproduction.Theuniquetreadmillbicyclebecameavailablethisyear,andLopifitisstrugglingtokeepupwithdemand,despitethehighpricetagof$2,115.Butdespitehavingaveryloyalfan-baseofso-calledLopifitters,thecreativemeansoftransportationalsohasnaysayerswhosimplyconsidertheinventionstupidandunnecessary.Theybasicallybelievethatifyou'regoingtowalk,youmightaswelldoittheold-fashionedway.ButtheLopifitdoeshavetheuniqueadvantageofhelpingyouwalkreallyfastwithoutbreakingasweat,orwalkingatcyclingspeed,ifyouwill.WiththehelpofLopifit,youcan.A.cycletoworkbywalking B.offerpowertoanybicycleC.createatreadmillonwheels D.answersomehardquestionsFromthesecondparagraph,wecanlearn.A.howLopifitwascreated B.whereLopifitcanbeusedC.whoLopifitisintendedfor D.whichdesignissuitableforLopifitWhatcanbelearnedfromthefourthparagraph?A.Lopifitwascheapandavailablein2014.B.Lopifitalwaysbrokedownonthestreets.C.ItwashardforthecompanytodesignLopifit.D.ThesupplyofLopifitfailedtomeetthedemand.HowdothepublicreacttoLopifit?A.Positively. B.Variously. C.Angrily. D.Cautiously.【答案】(1)A⑵ADB【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了 Bruin从跑步机上获得灵感，发明了一款走路自行车”，在这款自行车上不需要跑步，走路就行的自行车 LopifitoLopifit非常受欢迎，供不应求。(1)细节理解题。由第——段Lopifitisanunusualmeansoftransportationthatallowsyoutopoweranelectricbicyclebywalkingonatreadmill.可知，在Lopifit的帮助下，你可以走路去工作，选Ao(2)推理判断题。由第二段LopifitfounderBruinBergmeestersaysitallstartedwhenheaskedhimselfthequestion可知，这一段主要讲了 走路自行车”是如何被发明的，选A。(3)推理判断题。由第四段Theuniquetreadmillbicyclebecameavailablethisyear,andLopifitisstrugglingtokeepupwithdemand,despitethehighpricetagof$2,115.可知，从第四段，我们可以推断出这款自行车供不应求，选 Do(4)推理判断题。由最后一段Butdespitehavingaveryloyalfan-baseofso-calledLopifitters,thecreativemeansoftransportationalsohasnaysayerswhosimplyconsidertheinventionstupidandunnecessary.可知，这款自行车有许多忠实的粉丝，但是也有许多摇头党，所以可以推断出人们对于这款自行车持各种各样的态度，选 B。【点评】细节理解题：考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。.事实细节题一寻读法分为直接理解题和间接理解题，前者常用 who,what,which,when,where,why和how提问，或判断正误；后者需与原文信息转换，表达上与原文有差异。.排列顺序题一首尾定位法（找出第一个事件和最后一个事件，用排除法缩小范围）常出现在记叙文和说明文中，一般按事件发生的顺序。.图文匹配题一按图索骥理清线索：设题形式：给出图表，根据图表提问问题。.数字计算题一（方法：审题一带着问题找细节一对比、分析、计算）可直接找到相关细节，但需经过计算方可找到答案。7.阅读理解It's3o'clockandyou'vebeenhardatwork.Asyousitatyourdesk,astrongdesireforchocolateovercomesyou.Youtrytobusyyourselftomakeitgoaway.Butitdoesn't.Hereisanothersituation.Perhapsyouarenotfeelingwell.Theonlythingyouwanttoeatisabigbowlofchickensoup,likeyourmomusedtomakewhenyouweresickasachild.Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal.ScientistsatthewebsiteHowStuffWorkscomparehungerandcravingsthisway.Hungerisafairlysimpleconnectionbetweenthestomachandthebrain.Theyevencallitsimply“stomachhunger."Whenourstomachsburnupallofthefoodwehaveeaten,ahormone侑尔蒙）sendsamessagetoonepartofthebrainformorefood,whichregulatesourmostbasicbodyfunctionssuchasthirst,hungerandsleep.Thebrainthenproducesachemicaltostarttheappetiteandyoueat.Hungerisafunctionofsurvival.Acravingismorecomplex.Itactivates（使活跃）brainareasrelatedtoemotion,memoryandreward.Thesearethesameareasofthebrainactivatedduringdrug-cravingstudies.So,somescientistscallfoodcravings “mindhunger."Peopleoftencravefoodsthatarehighinfatandsugar.Foodsthatarehighinfatorhighinsugarproducechemicalsinthebrain.Thesechemicalsgiveusfeelingsofpleasure.Ina2007study,researchersatCambridgeUniversityfoundthat “dietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthepossibilityoffoodcraving. "So,themoreyoudenyyourselfafoodthatyouwant,themoreyoumaycraveit.However,fastingisabitdifferent.Theyfoundthateatingnofoodatallforashortperiodoftimelessenedfoodcravings.So,thenexttimeyoucravesomethingveryspecific,knowthatyourbrainmaybemoretoblamethanyourstomach.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Toremindreadersoftheirownspecialfood.B.Todeepentheunderstandingofhunger.C.Toreportthediscoveryofcravingstudy.Whatdowelearnaboutfoodcraving?D.Toleadtothetopicofthewholepassage.A.Itshowsfoodislinkedtofeelings.C.Itmeansthestomachfunctionswell.B.Itensuresapersonsurviveshunger.D.Itprovesthebraindecidesyourappetite.What'sthelikelyresultofdieting?A.Thedecreaseofchemicals.B.Theincreaseoffooddesire.A.Thedecreaseofchemicals.B.Theincreaseoffooddesire.C.Therefusaloffatandsugar.(4)Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?C.Therefusaloffatandsugar.(4)Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?D.Thedisappearanceofappetite.A.Thefunctionsofbrainareas.C.Thefindingsoffoodcraving.B.Whathungerisallabout.A.Thefunctionsofbrainareas.C.Thefindingsoffoodcraving.B.Whathungerisallabout.D.Whatdietingmaybringus.【答案】(1)D⑵ABC【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，主要谈论饮食冲动的调查结果。食物与情感有关系，节食的结果会导致食物欲望的增加。(1)目的意图题。根据第——段最后——句 FoodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeofTOC\o"1-5"\h\zfood.Andtheyarenormal.可知，第一段是为了引导整篇文章的话题。故答案选 D。(2)推理判断题。根据第三段最后——句 Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal.可知，食物与情感有关系。故答案选 A。(3)推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句 Ina2007study,researchersatCambridgeUniversityfoundthat“dietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthepossibilityoffoodcraving.可知，节食的结果会导致食物欲望的增加。故答案选 B。(4)主旨大意题。根据最后——段So,thenexttimeyoucravesomethingveryspecific,knowthatyourbrainmaybemoretoblamethanyourstomach.本文主要谈论饮食冲动的调查结果。故答案选Co【点评】说明文主题和文章大意的技巧：应对文章主题和中心大意考题时，寻找和发现文章主题句就是关键。这个主题句一般具有如下特点： ①表达的意思比较概括。 ②句子结构简单，大多数时候，不采用长句、难句的形式。 ③段落的其他句子必定是用来解释或发挥主题句所表达的主题思想的。 ④主题句的位置除个别情况下是在文中的句子，大多数情况下，主题句往往是在段首和段尾。所以，在阅读文章时，要特别注意文章的首段、首句和末句。8.阅读理解SamantaSchweblin,oneofthebestyoungSpanishlanguagenovelistsnominated(提名)byBritishliterarymagazineGranta,hasvisitedBeijingtopromotethefirstChineseeditionofacollectionofhershortstories.Thecollection,BirdsintheMouth,hasbeentranslatedandpublishedbyShanghai-basedpublisherReader.“SometimesIholdtheChineseeditionandchooseastoryatrandomandtrytoguesswhichoneitis.Butitisalmostimpossibleforme;eventhelengthisdifferent.saysSchweblin.WlbookistranslatedintoaWesternlanguage,Icanatleastunderstandsomepartsofmystories,andthereforesuffersomedoubtaboutthequalityofthetranslation.ButmyChineseeditionismorelikeanactoffaith. ”BorninArgentinain1978,SchweblinsayssheisinfluencedbytheliterarytraditionsoftheLaPlataarea,hometomanyfamousLatin-Americannovelists.Interestedinwritingstoriesofordinaryliveswheresuddenlysomethingextraordinaryhappens,somethingnew,strangeorunknown,shethinks, “Thestrangerandtheunknownarenotalwaysrelatedtoghostsoraliens,butcanbesomethingrelatedtothekno