机械原理课程设计说明书

2323机械原理课程设计说明书题目压床机械方案分析题目压床机械方案分析机械1414班刘宁指导教师：李翠玲2016年11月8日8.8.8■810131515

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2123目录目录题目：压床机械设计原理及要求 ■工作原理 (3)■设计数据 机构运动尺寸的确定机构的结构分析 机构的运动分析 主动件参数列表分析杆组参数列表分析■编写主程序并运行■运动图像分析 机构的动态静力分析参数列表分析 编写主程序及子程序运行结果 图像分析 主要收获与建议………参考文献 .题目：压床机械设计.原理及要求(1).工作原理压床机械是由六杆机构中的冲头(滑块)向下运动来冲压机械零件的。图1为其参考示意图，其执行机构主要由连杆机构和凸轮机构组成，电动机经过减速传动装置(齿轮传动)带动六杆机构的曲柄转动，曲柄通过连杆、摇杆带动滑块克服阻力F冲压零件。当冲头向下运动时，为工作行程，冲头在 0.75H内无阻力；当在工作行程后0.25H行程时，冲头受到的阻力为F;当冲头向上运动时，为空回行程，无阻力。在曲柄轴的另一端，装有供润滑连杆机构各运动副的油泵凸轮机构。(a)机械系统示意图(b)冲头阻力曲线图(C)执行机构运动简图图1压床机械参考示意图(2).设计要求电动机轴与曲柄轴垂直，使用寿命10年，每日一班制工作，载荷有中等冲

击，允许曲柄转速偏差为±5%。要求凸轮机构的最大压力角应在许用值［a］之

内，从动件运动规律见设计数据，执行构件的传动效率按 0.95计算，按小批量生产规模设计。(3).设计数据表格1设计数据题 号12345678910机构转速n2(r/min)95929088909295908890距离X1(mm)50404040305040404540

运动距离X2(mm)140170200135140190150180145160分析距离y(mm)160180180160160200140180170175冲头行程H(mm)150180210140150200160190170165上极限角①1(°)120120120120120120120120120120下极限角①2(°)60606060606060606060工作阻力Fma<N)4300460041004500420038004200440043004500机构连杆3质量m(kg)60646870727476808284连杆3质心转动惯0.20.20.20.30.30.30.40.40.40.3动态量Js3(kg•m2)1480580263静力滑块6质量m(kg)34363840403632305045分析摇杆4质量m(kg)40506060506045556550摇杆4质心转动惯0.20.20.20.20.20.30.20.30.20.2量Js4(kg•m2)24625283从动件最大升程H20202020202020202020等加等加等加从动件运动规律余弦正弦余弦正弦余弦正弦正弦凸轮等减等减等减机构许用压力角[]30°32°30°30°30°30°30°30°30°30°设计推程运动角060°70°65°60°70°75°65°60°72°74°远休止角s10°10°10°10°10°10°10°10°10°10°回程运动角060°70°65°60°70°75°65°60°72°74°.机构运动尺寸的确定已知:转速n2(r/min)距离X1(mm)距离X2(mm)距离y(mm)冲头行程H(mm)上极限角①1(°)下极限角①2(°)884013516014012060(1)作图：

以02为原点确定点045勺位置;画出CO的两个极限位置C10和C2O4;取B1,B2使CB=CO4*1/3并连接B102B2O2;以O2为圆点O2A为半径画圆，与O2B交于点A1;延长B2O交圆于A2；取CD=O.3*CO4C1B1D1D2C2O4b2TA1O2D2C2O4b2TA1O2A2(2)计算由题可知cO4=H=14OcB=CO4*1/3=47O4B=93,CD=O.3*CO4=42;Ax(O2B1)=Ax(O2B2)=oB*cos(30o)-x1=40.8;Ay(O2B1)=y+O4B*sin(30C)=206.7;AAx(O2B1)=Ax(O2B2)=oB*cos(30o)-x1=40.8;Ay(O2B1)=y+O4B*sin(30C)=206.7;Ay(O2B2)=y-O4B*sin(30o=113.4;'1i\\"I\'i%O2B1=/[AxO2B1=/[Ax(O2B1)2+Aly(O2B1)2] 210；O2B2=/[Ax(O2B1)2+Ay(O2B2)2]〜120;AB+O2A=O2B1,AB-O2A=O2B2;AB+O2A=O2B1,AB-O2A=O2B2;符号单位mm可以解得O2表格2计算结果A=45AB=165.A=45AB=165.四.机构的结构分析5hxr五.机构的运动分析四.机构的结构分析5hxr五.机构的运动分析方案414093474216545(1)主动件参数列表分析对主动件①进行运动分析，调用bark函数，见表3。表格3(2)杆组参数列表分析从与主动件连接的的杆组开始，依次分析对应的杆组及刚体上点的运动参数,直至求出机构全部运动参数。1.由②③构件组成的RRF杆组进行运动分析见表42.2.表格4形式参数mn1n2n3k1k2r1r2twePvpAp实值124323r23r34twePvpAp对③构件进行运动分析，调用bark函数，见表5表格5形式参数n1n2n3kr1r2gamtwePvpAp实值40530.0r450.0twePvpAp2.④⑤构件组成的RRP干组进行运动分析，见表6表格6形式参数mn1n2n3k1k2k3r1r2vr2ar2twePvpAp实值-1596456r56&r2&vr2&ar2twePvpAp4.调用bark函数，求7点的运动参数，见表7表格7形式参数n1n2n3kr1r2gamtwePvpAp实值20720.0r23/20.0twePvpAp5.调用bark函数，求8点的运动参数，见表 8表格8形式参数n1n2n3kr1r2gamtwePvpAp实值40830.0r45/20.0twePvpAp3）编写主程序并运行.主程序#include"stdio.h"#include"subk.c"main()staticdoublep[20][2],vp[20][2],ap[20][2],del;staticdoublet[10],w[10],e[10],pdraw[370],vpdraw[370],apdraw[370];staticintic;doubler12,r23,r34,r45,r56,r48;doublepi,dr;doubler2,vr2,ar2;inti;FILE*fp;char*m[]={"p","vp","ap"};r12=0.045;r23=0.165;r34=0.093;r45=0.140;r56=0.042;r48=0.070;t[6]=90.0;w[6]=0.0;e[6]=0.0;w[1]=9.21;e[1]=0.0;del=5.0;p[1][1]=0.0;p[1][2]=0.0;p[4][1]=0.04;

p[4][2]=0.16;p[9][1]=-0.095;p[9][2]=0.0;pi=4.0*atan(1.0);dr=pi/180.0;t[6]=90.0*dr;printf("\nTheKinematicParametersofPoint6\n");printf("NoTHETA1W3E3\n");S6V6A6printf("degmW3E3\n");m/sm/s/sif((fp=fopen("filel","w"))==NULL)printf("Can'topenthisfile.\n");exit(0);fprintf(fp,"\nTheKinematicParametersofPoint6\n");fprintf(fp,"NoW3E3\n");THETA1S6V6A6fprintf(fp,"W3E3\n");degmm/sm/s/sic=(int)(360.0/del);for(i=0;i<=ic;i++)t[1]=(i)*del*dr;bark(1,2,0,1,r12,0.0,0.0,t,w,e,p,vp,ap);rrrk(1,2,4,3,2,3,r23,r34,t,w,e,p,vp,ap);bark(4,0,5,3,0.0,r45,0.0,t,w,e,p,vp,ap);rrpk(-1,5,9,6,4,5,6,r56,&r2,&vr2,&ar2,t,w,e,p,vp,ap);bark(4,0,8,3,0.0,r48,0.0,t,w,e,p,vp,ap);printf("\n%2d%12.3f%12.3f%12.3f%12.3f%12.3f%12.3f",i+1,t[1]/dr,p[6][2],vp[6][2],ap[6][2],w[3],e[3]);fprintf(fp,"\n%2d%12.3f%12.3f%12.3f%12.3f%12.3f%12.3f",i+1,t[1]/dr,p[6][2],vp[6][2],ap[6][2],w[3],e[3]);pdraw[i]=p[6][2];vpdraw[i]=vp[6][2];apdraw[i]=ap[6][2];if((i%16)==0){getch();}fclose(fp);getch();2.运行结果以del=15。得出的数据TheKinematicParametersofPoint6NoTHETA1S6V6A6W3E3degmm/sm/s/sW3E3100.0810.5225.019-3.873-29.3342150.0970.6564.197-4.683-26.883300.1180.7471.992-5.336-17.4734450.1390.761-1.164-5.5643.6095600.160.678-4.669-5.02435.4026750.1770.494-8.272-3.57564.5187900.1870.221-10.475-1.54374.67981050.189-0.07-9.4540.48365.52491200.184-0.298-6.5072.1148.509101350.173-0.445-4.0063.2532.15111500.159-0.536-2.5193.96818.966121650.143-0.593-1.5344.3558.589131800.126-0.622-0.4424.4740.001141950.108-0.6141.034.363-7.645152100.091-0.5622.6544.044-14.784162250.076-0.4673.913.528-21.329172400.065-0.3474.4012.842-26.691182550.057-0.2244.1212.029-30.116192700.052-0.1163.4631.152-31.293202850.05-0.0262.9640.267-30.738213000.050.0572.95-0.59-29.509223150.0530.1473.409-1.414-28.59233300.0590.2534.127-2.223-28.49243450.0680.3814.805-3.04-29.074253600.0810.5225.019-3.873-29.334运动图像分析可作出del=5。时6点的位置、速度加速度图像以及③构件的角速度及角加速度六、机构的动态静力分析(1)参数列表分析将机构按主动件及杆组进行分解从主动件开始，依次对各杆组进行运动分析在进行运动分析之后，计算各构件的惯性力及惯性力矩，见表 10表格9构件号变量②③⑤质心786质量706040绕质心轴的J0.300.26④从外力已知的杆组开始，调用rrpf函数，求D点、C点的运动副反力。对移动副中力的作用点，位置未知，赋予新点号 11。见表11表格10形式参数n1n2n3ns1ns2nn1nn2nexfk1K2PvpaptweFr实值51060606645Pvpaptwefr调用rrrf函数，对构件②③进行分析，见表12表格11形式参数n1n2n3ns1ns2nn1nn2nexfk1K2PvpaptweFr实值4238750032Pvpaptwefr调用barf函数，求02点运动副反力及力矩，见表13表格12形式参数n1ns1nn1k1PvpapfrTb实值1121Pvpapfr&tb(2)编写主程序及子程序#include"stdio.h"#include"subk.c"#include"math.h"#include"subf.c"main()staticdoublep[20][2],vp[20][2],ap[20][2],del;staticdoublet[10],w[10],e[10],pdraw[370],vpdraw[370],apdraw[370],tbdraw[370],tb1draw[370];staticdoubleSital[370],fr1draw[370],sita2[370],fr2draw[370],sita3[370],fr3draw[370],fr3,bt3;staticdoublefr[20][2],fe[20][2],tb,tb1,fr1,bt1,fr4,bt4,we1,we2,we3,we4,we5,P;staticintic;doubler12,r23,r27,r34,r45,r56,r48;doublepi,dr;doubler2,vr2,ar2;inti;FILE*fp;char*m[]={"p","vp","ap","tb","tb1","fr1","","fr2"};sm[1]=0.0;sm[2]=70.0;sm[3]=60.0;sm[4]=0.0;sm[5]=40.0;sj[1]=0.0;sj[2]=0.30;sj[3]=0.26;sj[4]=0.0;r12=0.045;r23=0.165;r27=0.0825;r34=0.093;r45=0.140;r56=0.042;r48=0.070;t[6]=90.0;w[6]=0.0;e[6]=0.0;w[1]=9.21;e[1]=0.0;del=5.0;p[1][1]=0.0;p[1][2]=0.0;p[4][1]=0.04;

p[4][2]=0.16;p[9][1]=-0.095;p[9][2]=0.0;pi=4.0*atan(1.0);dr=pi/180.0;t[6]=90.0*dr;printf("\nTheKineto-staticAnalysisofasix-barLinkase\n");printf("Notbtb1\nprintf("Notbtb1\nprintf("N.mN.mdegNradianNW");radianif((fp=fopen("file1","w"))==NULL)printf("Can'topenthisfile.\n");exit(0);fprintf(fp,"\nTheKineto-staticAnalysisofasix-barLinkase\n");P");fprintf(fp,"NoHETA1fr1sita1fr4sita4tbtb1\nP");NradianNW");fprintf(fp,"degradianN.mN.mNradianNW");ic=(int)(360.0/del);for(i=0;i<=ic;i++)t[1]=(i)*del*dr;bark(1,2,0,1,r12,0.0,0.0,t,w,e,p,vp,ap);rrrk(1,2,4,3,2,3,r23,r34,t,w,e,p,vp,ap);bark(4,0,5,3,0.0,r45,0.0,t,w,e,p,vp,ap);rrpk(-1,5,9,6,4,5,6,r56,&r2,&vr2,&ar2,t,w,e,p,vp,ap);bark(4,0,8,3,0.0,r48,0.0,t,w,e,p,vp,ap);bark(2,0,7,2,0.0,r27,0.0,t,w,e,p,vp,ap);rrpf(5,10,6,0,6,0,6,6,4,5,p,vp,ap,t,w,e,fr);rrrf(4,2,3,8,7,5,0,0,3,2,p,vp,ap,t,w,e,fr);barf(1,1,2,1,p,ap,e,fr,&tb);fr1=sqrt(fr[1][1]*fr[1][1]+fr[1][2]*fr[1][2]);bt1=atan2(fr[1][2],fr[1][1]);fr4=sqrt(fr[4][1]*fr[4][1]+fr[4][2]*fr[4][2]);bt4=atan2(fr[4][2],fr[4][1]);we2=-(ap[7][1]*vp[7][1]+(ap[7][2]+9.81)*vp[7][2])*sm[2]-e[2]*w[2]*sj[2];we3=-(ap[8][1]*vp[8][1]+(ap[8][2]+9.81)*vp[8][2])*sm[3]-e[3]*w[3]*sj[3];extf(p,vp,ap,t,w,e,6,fe);we5=-(ap[6][2]+9.81)*vp[6][2]*sm[5]+fe[6][2]*vp[6][2];tb1=-(we2+we3+we5)/w[1];P=fabs(tb1*w[1]);printf("\n%2d%10.3f%10.3f%10.3f%10.3f%10.3f%10.3f%10.3f%10.3f",i+1,t[1]/dr,fr1,bt1/dr,fr4,bt4/dr,tb,tb1,P);fprintf(fp,"\n%2d%10.3f%10.3f%10.3f%10.3f%10.3f%10.3f%10.3f%10.3f",i+1,t[1]/dr,fr1,bt1/dr,fr4,bt4/dr,tb,tb1,P);if((i%16)==0){getch();}fclose(fp);getch();extf(p,vp,ap,t,w,e,nexf,fe)

doublep[20][2],vp[20][2],ap[20][2],t[10],w[10],e[10],fe[20][2];intnexf;fe[nexf][1]=0.0;if(p[nexf][2]<0.085&&vp[nexf][2]<0){fe[nexf][2]=4500.0;}else{fe[nexf][2]=0.0;}(3)运行结果步长del=15°时运行结果，见表14TheKineto-staticAnalysisofasix-barLinkaseNoHETA1fr1sita1fr4sita4tbtb1PdegNradianNradianN.mN.mW102351.902122.0161169.4885.63889.73889.738826.4852152403.37122.5831250.95-0.079103.099103.099949.5393302256.986121.2631216.215-5.532101.54101.54935.1814451849.219117.966983.116-9.83379.56479.564732.7885601207.5112.97514.906-6.08943.37943.379399.517675519.403106.295232.24587.61112.14112.141111.819790173.8394.906508.152118.8410.6690.6696.1618105363.81193.138412.761115.87-3.365-3.36530.9939120785.0691.874170.92493.215-16.654-16.654153.38101351124.10289.927112.44919.467-35.814-35.814329.85111501347.92488.506160.144-6.05-53.303-53.303490.922121651521.25687.885182.332-11.546-66.733-66.733614.609131801695.36588.096190.338-15.902-76.249-76.249702.256141951886.03389.049201.579-21.813-81.604-81.6