C语言课后习题参考答案

C语言课后习题答案第一章习题答案一、选择题1〜5:BDCDA6〜10:DABBB11〜12:CC二、填空题1、main()2、函数首部，函数体3、函数4、编辑、编译、连接、运行5、.cpp、.obj、.exe6、；或分号#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){三、编程题#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){TOC\o"1-5"\h\z/*包含标准库的信息*//*定义名为main的函数，它不接受参数值*//*main函数的语句都被括在花括号中*/printf("hello,world'n");/*main函数调用库函数printf/*main函数调用库函数printf以显示字符序列，其中\n代表换行符*/}第二章习题答案、选择题1〜5:CBABB6〜10:CDCDD11〜15:CADBC16〜20:BDAAD二、填空题1、整型，实型，字符型，枚举类型2、13、94、123535145、2,16、2,27、102008、a=149、2,3,110、double第三章习题答案1/20一、选择题1〜5:CBBBC6〜10:DDDBB二、填空题1、控制语句，表达式语句，复合语句2、；3、(}4、15、a6、c:dec=120,oct=170,hex=78,ASCII=x7、32767,327678、10,A,109、33123.456001□□□□□1231456123.45608765.456700□□□□S7S5.4578765.4567⑺8765.4567三、编程题1、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>voidmain()(inta,b,c;longintu,n;floatx,y,z;charc1,c2;a=3;b=4;c=5;x=1.2;y=2.4;z=-3.6;u=51274;n=128765;c1='a';c2='b';printf("\n");printf("a=%2db=%2dc=%2d\n",a,b,c);printf("x=%8.6f,y=%8.6f,z=%9.6f\n",x,y,z);printf("x+y=%5.2fy+z=%5.2fz+x=%5.2f\n",x+y,y+z,z+x);2/20printf("u=%6ldn=%9ld\n",u,n);printf("c1='%c'or%d(ASCII)\n",c1,c1);printf("c2='%c'or%d(ASCII)\n",c2,c2);}2、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){floata,b,c,t;printf("pleaseinputa,b,c:\n");scanf("%f,%f,%f",&a,&b,&c);t=(a+b+c)/3;printf("averageof%6.2f、%6.2fand%6.2fis%6.2f\n",a,b,c,t);}3、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>main(){intR,d;floats;printf("请输入圆的半径");scanf("%d",&R);d=2*R;c=2*3.14159*R;printf("d=%d,c=%f\n",d,c);}4、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){inth,f,x,y;/*x为鸡的数量，y为兔的数量*/printf("请输入鸡兔的总头数h,总脚数f:");scanf("%d%d",&h,&f);x=(4*h-f)/2;y=(f-2*h)/2;printf("笼中有鸡%d只，有兔%d只。\n",x,y);}第四章习题答案一、选择题CDDDDCDBBC二、填空题3/201、&&,||,!,!,||2、(y%20)3、14、(a+b>c&&a+c>b&&b+c>a)5、2336、7三、编程题1、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){intx;scanf("%d",&x);if(x%50&&x%70)printf("yes'n");elseprintf("no'n");}2、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){inta,b,c,max;printf("请输入三个整数：％%d%%d%%d'n");scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);if(a>=b)if(a>=c)max=a;elsemax=c;elseif(b>=c)max=b;elsemax=c;printf("\n最大数为：％d\n",max);}3、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){floatx,y;printf("请输入x的值：");4/20scanf("%f",&x);if(x<1)y=1;elseif(x<10)y=2*x-1;elsey=3*x-11;printf("y=%.2f\n",y);)4、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){intyear;floatmoney,rate,total;/*money:本金rate:月利率total:本利合计*/printf("Inputmoneyandyear=?");scanf("%f%d",&money,&year);/*输入本金和存款年限*/if(year1)rate=0.00315;/*根据年限确定利率*/elseif(year2)rate=0.00330;elseif(year3)rate=0.00345;elseif(year5)rate=0.00375;elseif(year8)rate=0.00420;elserate=0.0;total=money+money*rate*12*year;/*计算到期的本利合计*/printf("Total=%.2f\n",total);)第五章习题答案一、选择题1〜5:ACCBA6〜10:ACDCB二、填空题1、(1)i<=9或i<10(2)j%3!=02、73、(1)ch=ch+1、(2)printf("\n")三、编程题1、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>5/20voidmain(){inti=2;longp=1;do{p=p*i；i=i+2;}while(i<10);printf("2*4*6*8=%ld\n",p);}2、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){intn=0;charc;c=getchar();while(c!='\n'){if((c>='a'&&c<='z')||(c>='A'&&c<='Z'))n++;c=getchar();}printf("%d\n",n);}3、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){inta,max;scanf("%d",&a);max=a;while(a!=0){scanf("%d",&a);if(max<a)max=a;}printf("%d",max);}4、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){intday=0,buy=2;floatsum=0.0,ave;6/20do(sum+=0.8*buy;day++;buy*=2;)while(buy<=100);ave=sum/day;printf(%f”,ave);)5、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){intf1,f2,f5,count=0;for(f5=0;f5<=20;f5++)for(f2=0;f2<=(100-f5*5)/2;f2++){f1=100-f5*5-f2*2;if(f5*5+f2*2+f1100)printf("No.%2d>>5:%4d2:%4d1:%4d\n",++count,f5,f2,f1);)printf("共有%d种换法”,count);)6、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){inti,j,n;printf("\nPleaseEntern:");scanf("%d",&n);for(i=1;i<=n;i++){for(j=1;j<=n-i;j++)printf("");for(j=1;j<=2*i-1;j++)printf("*");printf("\n");))7、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){inti,j;7/20floatg,sum,ave;for(i=1;i<=6;i++)(sum=0;for(j=1;j<=5;j++)(scanf(%f",&g);sum+=g;}ave=sum/5;printf(No.%dave=%5.2f\n”,i,ave);}}8、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){intn,t,number=20;floata=2,b=1,s=0;for(n=1;n<=number;n++){s=s+a/b;t=a;a=a+b;b=t;}printf("s=%9.6f\n",s);}第六章习题答案一、选择题1〜5:CBABD6〜10:CDBCD二、填空题1、库函数(或系统函数)，自定义函数2、无参函数，有参函数3、传值方式4、实参，形参5、136、maxis27、158/208、1,2,3三、编程题1、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>intis_prime(inta){inti,p=1;for(i=2;i<a-1;i++)if(a%i0){p=0;break;}return(p);}voidmain(){inti=11;if(is_prime(i))printf("1");elseprintf("0");}2、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>intgongyue(intnum1,intnum2){inttemp,a,b;if(num1<num2){temp=num1;num1=num2;num2=temp;}a=num1;b=num2;while(b){temp=a%b;a=b;b=temp;}return(a);}voidmain(){inti=12,j=8;printf("%d",gongyue(i,j));}第七章习题答案一、选择题1〜5:BDDCC6〜10:CDCAB二、填空题1、字符、19/202、23、c:\win98\cmd.exe4、1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,05、3256786、1,0,7,0,7、43328、(1)j=2(2)j>=i三、编程题1、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){inti,a[20],s,count;s=count=0;for(i=0;i<20;i++)scanf("%d”,&a[i]);for(i=0;i<20;i++){if(a[i]<0)continue;s+=a[i];count++;}printf("s=%d\tcount=%d\n",s,count);}2、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>voidmain(){inta[3][4],i,j,max;for(i=0;i<3;i++)for(j=0;j<4;j++)scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);max=a[0][0];for(i=0;i<3;i++)for(j=0;j<4;j++)if(a[i][j]>max)max=a[i][j];printf("max=%d\n",max);}3、参考答案：#include<stdio.h>voidmain()10/20{inta[11]={3,4,7,9,10,13,14,15,18,20);inti,j,n;scanf("%d",&n);i=0;while(i<10){if(n<a[i]){for(j=10;j>i;j--)a[j]=a[j-1];a[i]=n;break;)i++;)if(i>=10)a[10]=n;for(i=0;i<11;i++)printf("%4d",a[i]);)第八章习题答案一、选择题1?5ABCCB6?10DACBB11?15DACCC二、填空题1.(1)*(2)&(1)*p(2)**a(3)210*p>*s*(++p)三、编程题1.编程实现从键盘输入一个字符串,#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>voidInverse(char*pStr)?main(){charstr[80]?printf("Inputastring:\n")?gets(str)?Inverse(str)?将其字符顺序颠倒后重新存放，并输出这个字符串。/*输入字符串*//*将存于str数组中的字符串逆序存放*/printf("Theinversedstringis:\n")?11/20puts(str)?/*输出字符串*/)/*函数功能：实现字符串逆序存放函数参数：字符指针变量，所指向的存储单元存放源字符串，逆序后的字符串也存放于此返回值：无*/chartemp?char*pStart?chartemp?char*pStart?char*pEnd?len=strlen(pStr)?/*指针变量pStart指向字符串的第一个字符*/*//*指针变量pEnd指向字符串的最后一个字符*//*求出字符串长度*/for(pStart=pStr,pEnd=pStr+len?1?pStart<pEnd?pStart++,pEnd??)(temp=*pStart?*pStart=*pEnd?*pEnd=temp?))2.从键盘任意输入10个整数，用函数编程实现计算最大值和最小值，并返回它们所在数组中的位置。#include<stdio.h>intFindMax(intnum口，intn,int*pMaxPos)?intFindMin(intnum[],intn,int*pMinPos)?main()(intnum[10],maxValue,maxPos,minValue,minPos,i?printf("Input10numbers:\n")?for(i=0?i<10?i++)(scanf("%d”,&num[i])?/*输入10个数*/)maxValue=FindMax(num,10,&maxPos)?/*找最大值及其所在下标位置*/minValue=FindMin(num,10,&minPos)?/*找最小值及其所在下标位置*/printf("Max=%d,Position=%d,Min=%d,Position=%d\n",maxValue,maxPos,minValue,minPos)?)/*函数功能：求n个数中的最大值及其所在下标位置函数入口参数：整型数组num,存储n个整数，整型变量n,表示数组元素个数函数出口参数：整型指针变量pMaxPos,指向的地址单元存储最大值在数组中的下标位置函数返回值：最大值*/intFindMax(intnum[],intn,int*pMaxPos)12/20inti,max?max=num[0]?/*假设num[0]为最大*/*pMaxPos=0?/*假设最大值在数组中的下标位置为0*/for(i=1?i<n?i++)(if(num[i]>max)(max=num[i]?*pMaxPos=i?}}returnmax?}/*函数功能：求n个数中的最小值及其所在下标位置函数入口参数：整型数组num,存储n个整数，整型变量n,表示数组元素个数函数出口参数：整型指针变量pMinPos,指向的地址单元存储最小值在数组中的下标位置函数返回值：最小值*/intFindMin(intnum[],intn,int*pMinPos)(inti,min?min=num[0]?/*假设num[0]为最小*/*pMinPos=0?/*假设最小值在数组中的下标位置为0*/for(i=1?i<10?i++)(if(num[i]<min)(min=num[i]?*pMinPos=i?}}returnmin?}3.将5个字符串从小到大排序后输出。#include<stdio.h>voidmain(void){inti?char*pcolor[5]={"red","blue","yellow","green","purple"}?voidfsort(char*color[],intn)?fsort(pcolor,5)?for(i=0?i<5?i++)printf("%s",pcolor[i])?}voidfsort(char*color[],intn)13/20{intk,j?char*temp?for(k=1?k<n?k++)for(j=0?j<n?k?j++)if(strcmp(color[j],color[j+1])>0){temp=color[j]?color[j]=color[j+1]?color[j+1]temp?}}4.编写一个能对任意mxn阶矩阵进行转置运算的函数Transpose。。#include<stdio.h>#defineROW3#defineCOL4voidTranspose(int(*a)[COL],int(*at)[ROW],introw,intcol)?voidInputMatrix(int(*s)[COL],introw,intcol)?voidPrintMatrix(int(*s)[ROW],introw,intcol)?main(){ints[ROW][COL]?/*s代表原矩阵*/intst[COL][ROW]?/*st代表转置后的矩阵*/printf("Pleaseentermatrix:\n")?InputMatrix(s,ROW,COL)?/*输入原矩阵,s指向矩阵s的第0行，是行指针*/Transpose(s,st,ROW,COL)?/*对矩阵s进行车专置，结果存放于st中*/printf("Thetransposedmatrixis:\n")?PrintMatrix(st,COL,ROW)?/*输出转置矩阵,*st指向st的第0行,是行指针*/}/*函数功能：对任意row行col列的矩阵转置函数入口参数：指向一维整型数组的指针变量a,指向单元存放转置前的矩阵元素整型变量row,矩阵的行数即二维整型数组的行数整型变量col,矩阵的列数即二维整型数组的列数函数出口参数：指向一维整型数组的指针变量at,指向单元存放转置后的矩阵元素函数返回值：无*/voidTranspose(int(*a)[COL],int(*at)[ROW],introw,intcol){inti,j?for(i=0?i<row?i++){for(j=0?j<col?j++){*(*(at+j)+i)=*(*(a+i)+j)?}14/20)voidInputMatrix(int(*s)[COL],introw,intcol)/*输入矩阵元素*/(inti,j?for(i=0?i<row?i++)(for(j=0?j<col?j++)(scanf("%d”,*(s+i)+j)?/*这里*(s+i)+j等价于&s[i][j]*/))}voidPrintMatrix(int(*s)[ROW],introw,intcol)/*输入矩B$元素*/(inti,j?for(i=0?i<row?i++)(for(j=0?j<col?j++)(printf("%d\t",*(*(s+i)+j))?/*这里*(*(s+i)+j)等价于s[i][j]*/}printf("\n")?}}第九章习题答案一、选择题1?5BDDAC6?10BCADC二、填空题structDATAd={2006,10,1}?sizeof(structnode)person[i].sex4.13431(1)structnode*(2)*s(3)p三、编程题.定义一个能正常反映教师情况的结构体teacher,包含教师姓名、性别、年龄、所在部门和薪水；定义一个能存放两人数据的结构体数组tea,并用如下数据初始化：{{Mary:,W?40,,Computer?,1234},{Andy:',M?55,.English?,1834}};要求：分别用结构体数组tea和指p输出各位教师的信息，写出完整定义、初始化、输出过程。15/20#include<stdio.h>structteacher{charname[8]?charsex?intage?chardepartment[20]?floatsalary?}?structteachertea[2]={{"Mary",'W,40,"Computer",1234},{"Andy",'M',55,"English”,1834}}?main(){inti?structteacher*p?for(i=0?i<2?i++)printf("%s,\t%c,\t%d,\t%s,\t%f”,tea[i].name,tea[i].sex,tea[i].age,tea[i].department,tea[i].salary)?for(p=tea?p<tea+2?p++)printf("%s,\t%c,\t%d,\t%s,\t%f",p?>name,p?>sex,p?>age,p?>department,p?>salary)?}.定义一个结构体变量(包括年、月、日)。计算该日在本年中是第几天，注意闰年问题。#include<stdio.h>struct{intyear?intmonth?intday?}date?main(){intdays?printf(I'hputyear,month,day:")?scanf(%d,%D,%d”,&date.year,&date.month,&date.day)?switch(date.month){case1:days=date.day?break?days=date.day+31?break?days=date.day+59?break?days=date.day+90?break?days=date.day+120?break?daysdate.day+31?break?days=date.day+181?break?days=date.day+212?break?daysdate.day+243?break?daysdate.day+273?break?days=date.day+304?break?16/20case12:daysdate.day+334?break?)if((date.year%40&&date.year%100!=0||date.year%4000)&&date.month>3)days+=1?printf(\n%d/%disthe%dthdayin%d.",date.month,date.day,days,date.year)?)3.构建简单的手机通讯录，手机通讯录包括信息(姓名、年龄、联系电话)，要求实现新建、查询功能。假设通信录最多容纳#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>/*手机通讯录结构定义*/structfriends_list{charname[10]?intage?chartelephone[13]?)?50名联系人信息。/*姓名*//*年龄*//*联系电话*/intCount=0?/*定义全局变量Count，记录当前联系人总数*/voidnew_friend(structfriends_listfriends[])?voidsearch_friend(structfriends_listfriends[],char*name)?intmain(void){intchoice?charname[10]?structfriends_listfriends[50]?/*包含50个人的通讯录*/do{printf("手机通讯录功能选项：1:新建2:查询0:退出\n")?printf("请选择功能:")?scanf("%d",&choice)?switch(choice){case1:new_friend(friends)?break?case2:printf("请输入要查找的联系人名:")?scanf("%s",name)?search_friend(friends,name)?break?case0:break?)}while(choice!=0)?17/20printf("谢谢使用通讯录功能！\n")?return0?)/*新建联系人*/voidnew_friend(structfriends_listfriends[])(structfriends_listf?if(Count50){printf("通讯录已满！\n")?return?)printf("请输入新联系人的姓名:")?scanf("%s",)?printf("请输入新联系人的年龄:")?scanf("%d",&f.age)?printf("请输入新联系人的联系电话:")?scanf("%s",[telephone)?friends[Count]=f?Count++?)/*查询联系人*/voidsearch_friend(structfriends_listfriends[],char*name){inti,flag=0?if(Count0){printf("通讯录是空的！\n")?return?)for(i=0?i<Count?i++)if(strcmp(