(完整)初中英语不定代词讲解及习题

不定代词、不定代词概述不士7E代词定义不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词常见不定代词some类something,somebody,someoneany类no类every类其他all,each,both,none,one,much,many,(a)few,(a)little,either,neither,other,another充当成分作主语、宾语、表语、定语等二、常见不定代词的基本用法1、some和any:都是“一些”的意思，都可与可数名词复数或不可数名词连用。(1)some一般用于肯定句中，any一般用于否定句或疑问句中。Eg. (2)在表示请求、建议或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中，应该用 some而不用any。Eg.Wouldyoupleasegivemesomepaper?(3)当any表示“任何”或“无论哪一个”的意义时，可以用于肯定句，此时any要重读。Eg.Youmaycomeatanytimethatisconvenienttoyou.2、表示数量的不定代词(1)many,few,afew,用以代替或修饰可数名词。(2)much,little,alittle,用以代替或修饰不可数名词。(3)和表示肯定意义，和表示否定意义。(4)alotof和plentyof等短语既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。3、表小两者和三者的不定代词(1)表示两者:both,either,neither (2)表示三者:all,any,none,every(3)表示肯定：both,all (4)表示否定：none,neither练一练：用以上不定代词填空。我的父母都是医生。 街道的两边都种了树。 Therearetreesonsidesofthestreet.=Therearetreesonsideofthestreet.他有两个儿子，都不富有。Hehastwosons.ofthemisrich.他有三个儿子，都不富有。Hehasthreesons.ofthemisrich.三、复合不定代词的用法(1)复合不定代词somebody,something,anything,nothing,everything,everybody等是由some,any,no,every,加上body,thing构成的，叫做复合不定代词，在句子中当单数使用。(2)somebody,something,someone一般用于肯定句中；anything,anybody,anyone一般用于疑问句和否定句中。(3)如果要在疑问句中表示请求、建议等肯定的意思或者盼望得到肯定的答复时，用somebody,someone或something。(4)修饰复合不定代词的形容词或不定式应放在它们的后面。Eg.Hehasnothingmuchtodotoday.他今天没有多少事情做。Lucyhasn'tanythingimportanttodo.露西没有任何重要时做。四、疑难拓展1、few/afew/little/alittle(1)后接名词的不同。和后接可数名词复数，和后接不可数名词。Eg.Therearenewwordsinthetext.课文中有一些新单词。CanyouspeakEnglish?你能说一点英语吗？(2)表示肯定意义和否定意义的区另1J。和表示肯定，和表示否定。Eg.Ihavefriendsthere.Ioftenplaywiththem.Thereismeatathome.Letsbuysome.2、other/others/theother/anotherother表示“另一个”的意思，在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，不独立使用，通常修饰可数名词复数。others可独立使用，无范围限定。other和others前面加定冠词the时表示特指，不加the表示泛指。Theother表示两个中的另一个，常用于句型 "one…theother…"，theothers表示全部其余的人或物。Eg.Ihavetwobrothers.isadoctor;isateacher.Heisalwaysreadytohelp.Fiveofthemareintheclassroom.Whatabout?another(另外一个，又一个),只能代替或修饰单数名词，可用作主语、宾语或定语，不独立使用。前面不加冠词。Eg.Don'tloseheart.Haveanothertry.Another后可以跟few或带数字的复数名词。Eg.Justthinkwhatourtownwillbelikeinanotherfewyears.Youdbetterstayinbedforanothertwoweeks.3、部分否定及完全否定Not与不定代词all,both,every等表示全部意义的词连用时构成部分否定； 若要表示完全否定，则需要换用 none,neither,no等。练一练：翻译下列句子。Allofthestudentslikethenovel. Notallofthestudentslikethenovel. Allofthestudentsdon'tlikethenovel. Noneofthestudentslikethenovel. 4、all,both,each等用作同位语若用作主语同位语，主语可以是名词或代词；若用作宾语等其他成分的同位语，则宾语等成分必须是人称代词，而不能时名词。Eg.Weallhavereadit.(all修饰的主语是代词)Thevillageallhavebeendestroyed.(all修饰的主语是名词)Theytoldusalltowaithere.(all修饰的宾语是代词)5、one和it的区别使用(1)it指代前面的某物。Eg.Whereismypen?Ican'tfindit.(it指代前面提到的那支笔)(2)one可以指人，也可以指物。用来代替上文中提到的单数可数名词以及避免重复，其复数形式为ones。Eg.Yourpenissonice.Iwanttobuyonelikethis.课堂演练一、单选。Thetwofishermensawintheskywhiletheywerefishingbyariver.A.somethingstrangeB.anythingstrangeC.strangesomethingD.strangeanything---Ishere?---No.BobandTimhaveaskedforleave.A.anybodyB.somebodyC.everybodyD.nobody---Doyouwantteaorcoffee?---.Ireallydon'tmindA.BothB.NoneC.EitherD.NeitherTheoldmanhastwosons.Oneisasoldier,isaworker.A.otherB.theotherC.othersD.anotherThereareshopsonsideofthestreet.ofthemdonotclosetill12atnight.A.both;AllB.every;NoneC.either;SomeD.other;ManyThereisnotmeatinmybowl.Thereischickeninit.A.some;anyB.any;someC.any;anyD.some;someCouldyoudoforme,please?A.everythingB.nothingC.somethingD.anythingSorry,Ican'tansweryourquestion.Iknowaboutthesubject.A.alittleB.littleC.fewD.afew---Whichwouldyoulike,acupofteaoraglassofmilk?——,thanks.IthinkI'lljusthaveaglassofwater.A.NoneB.NeitherC.BothD.EitherTomshookhisheadandsaidtoustherewasintheclassroom.A.anybodyB.nobodyC.somebodyD.everybodyCouldIhavebottleofapplejuice,please?A.anotherB.otherC.somemoreD.secondThereare25techersinthisgrade.Eightofthemarewomenteachersandarementeachers.A.theotherB.theothersC.othersD.otherTheywerealltired,butofthemtookarest.A.noneB.allC.bothD.either---WehaveredandyellowT-shirts.Whichcolourdoyoulike?---I'mafraid.IthinkbluewillbeOK.A.bothB.eitherC.neitherD.none---CanIcomethisafternoonotomorrowmorning?---isOK.Imfreetodayandtomorrow.A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None二、按要求完成句子。BothTomandTimaregoodatsports.（改为否定句）TomTimgoodatsports.Ican'tspeakmuchEnglish.（同义句转化） IspeakEnglish.Thereissomethingwrongwithhiseyes.（改为——般疑问句）wrongwithhiseyes?Thisanswerisright.Thatanswerisalsoright（同义句转化）thisanswerthatoneareright.Theyhaven'tvisitedthevillage.Shehasn'tvisitedthevillageeither.（连成一句）三、下列句子中各有一处错误，请找出并改正。Itisverydifficult,andafewpeopleunderstandit.Toomanyworkhastobedone.Whynotbuyanybread?Anyoneknowhowtodoit.Thereisnotnothingwrongwiththeradio.家庭作业一、单选。Theteacheraskedtheboymanyquestions,butheonlyanseweredofthem.A.someB.lots C.eachD.few---1needsomethingforcuttingthepaper. ---Oh,youwantaknife?OK,I'llget foryou.A.itB.thatC.thisD.oneTwoplacesofinteerestinBeijingarewellknowntopeoplefromhomeandabroad.OneistheGreatWall,andistheSummerPalace.A.theotherB.anotherC.otherD.others---Wouldyouliketodrink?---Yes.Idlikeacupofcoffee.A.somethingelseB.elsesomethingC.anythingelseD.elseanythingMaybethedisastercandestroyourhomes,b