2023年12月英语四级真题word清晰版-

2023年12月大学英语四级真题PartⅠWriting

(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledNothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWillbycommentingonthehumoroussaying,"Quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.I'vedoneithundredsoftimes."Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.NothingSucceedsWithoutaStrongWillWhyIntegrityMattersWhatIsIntegrity?Thekeytointegrityisconsistency-notonlysettinghighpersonalstandardsforoneself(honesty,responsibility,respectforothers,fairness)butalsolivinguptothosestandardseachandeveryday.Onewhohasintegrityisboundbyandfollowsmoralandethical(道德上的)standardsevenwhenmakinglife'shardchoices,choiceswhichmaybecloudedbystress,pressuretosucceed,ortemptation.Whathappensifwelie,cheat,steal,orviolateotherethicalstandards?Wefeeldisappointedinourselvesandashamed.Butalapse(缺失)ofintegrityalsoaffectsourrelationshipswithothers.Trustisessentialinanyimportantrelationship,whetherpersonalorprofessional.Whocantrustsomeonewhoisdishonestorunfair?Thusintegritymustbeoneofourmostimportantgoals.RiskyBusinessWeareeachresponsibleforourowndecisions,evenifthedecision,makingprocesshasbeenunderminedbystressorpeerpressure.Therealtestofcharacteriswhetherwecanlearnfromourmistake,byunderstandingwhyweactedaswedidandthenexploringwaystoavoidsimilarproblemsinthefuture.Makingethicaldecisionsisacriticalpartofavoidingfutureproblems.Wemustlearntorecognizerisks,becauseifwecan'tseetheriskswe'retaking,wecan'tmakeresponsiblechoices.Toidentifyrisks,weneedtoknowtherulesandbeawareofthefacts.Forexample,onewhodoesn'tknowtherulesaaboutplagiarism(剽窃)mayaccidentallyusewordsorideaswithoutgivingpropercreditoronewhofailstokeepcarefulresearchnotesmayunintentionallyfailtoquoteandcitesourcesasrequired.Butthefactthatsuchaviolationis"unintentional"doesnotexcusethemisconduct,Ignoranceisnotadefense."ButEverybodyDoesIt"Mostpeoplewhogetintroubledoknowtherulesandfactsbutmanagetofoolthemselvesabouttherisksthey'retakingbyusingexcuses:"Everyoneelsedoesit.""I'mnothurtinganyone",or"Ireallyneedthisgrade."Excusescangetveryelaborate:"IknowI'mlookatanother'sexam,eventhoughI'msupposedtokeepmyeyesonmyownpaper,butthat'snotcheatingbecauseI’mjustcheckingmyanswers,notcopying."Wemustbehonestaboutouractionsandavoidexcuses,ifwefoolourselvesintobelievingwe'renotdoinganythingwrong,wecan'tseetherealchoicewe'remaking-andthatleadstobaddecisions.Toavoidfoolingyourself,watchoutforexcusesandtrythistest:Askhowyouwouldfeelifyouractionswerepublicandanyonecouldbewatchingoveryourshoulder.Ifyou'dratherhideyouractions,that'sanindicationthatyou'retakingariskandrationalizingittoyourself.EvaluatingRisksTodecidewhetherariskisworthtaking,youmustexaminetheconsequences,inthefutureaswellasrightnow,negativeaswellaspositive,andtoothersaswellastoyourself.Thosewhotakeriskstheylaterregretusuallyfocusonimmolatebenefitsandsimplyhaven'tconsideredwhatmightgowrong.Theconsequencesofgettingcaughtareseriousandmayincludea"O"onatestorassignment,an"F"intheclass,suspension(暂令停学)ordismissalfromschoolandaruinedreputation.Infact,whenyoubreakaroleorlaw,youlosecontroloveryourlifeandgiveothersthepowertoimposepunishmentthatyouhavenocontrolover.Thisisanextremelyvulnerable(脆弱的)position.Theremaybesomemattersoflifeanddeathorhighestprinciple,whichmightjustifysucharisk,buttherearen'tmanythingsthatfallinthiscategory.GettingAwaywithit-OrNotThosewhodon'tgetcaughtpayanevenhigherprice.Acheaterdoesn'tlearnfromthetest,whichdeprives(剥夺)himherofaneducation.Cheatingunderminesconfidenceandindependence:thecheaterisafraud,andknowsthatwithoutdishonesty,he/shewouldhavefailed.Cheatingdestroysself-respectandintegrity,leavingthecheaterashamed,guiltyandafraidofgettingcaught.Worstofall,acheaterwhodoesn'tgetcaughtthefirsttimeusuallycheatsagain,notonlybecausehe/sheisfartherbehind,butalsobecauseitseems"easier."Thisslipperyslopeoferodingethicsandbiggerrisksleadsonlytodisaster.Eventually,thecheatergetscaught,andthelaterhe/shegetscaught,theworsetheconsequences.CheatingHurtsOther,TooCheatersoftenfeelinvisible,asiftheiractions"don'tcount"anddon'treallyhurtanyone.Butindividualchoiceshaveanintensecumulative(累积的)effect.Cheatingcanspreadlikeadisease.Recentstatisticssuggest30％ormoreofcollegestudentscheat.Ifaclassisgradedonacurve,cheatinghurtsothers'grades.Evenifthereisnocurve,cheating"poisons"theclassroom,andothersmayfeelpressuredtojoinin.("IfIdon'tcheatIcan'tcompetewiththosewhodo")Cheatingalsohasadestructiveimpactonteachers.Therealrewardofgoofteachingisseeingstudentslearn.Butacheatersays."I'mnotinterestedinwhatyou'retryingtoteach,allIcareaboutisstealingagrade,regardlessoftheeffectonothers."Theendresultisadestructiveattackonthequalityofyoureducation.Finally,cheatingcanhurtthereputationoftheuniversityandharmthosewhoworkedhardfortheirdegree.WhyIntegrityMartenIfcheatingbecomesthenorm,thenweareinbigtrouble.Wemustrelyonthehonestyandgoodfaithofothers,ifnot,wecouldn'tputmoneyinthebank,buyfood,clothing,ormedicinefromothers,driveacrossabridge,getonaplane,gotothedentist--thelistisendless.Therearemanyexamplesofthevastharmthatiscausedwhenindividualsforgetorignoretheeffecttheirdishonestycanhave.Thesavingsandloanscandal,thestockmarketandjunkbondswindles,and,ofcourse,Watergate,haveunderminedthefaithofmanyAmericansintheintegrityofpoliticalandeconomicleadersandsocietyasawhole.Suchincidentstakeatremendoustollonournation'seconomyandourindividualwell-being.Forexample,butforthesavingsandloandebacle,theremightbefundsavailabletoreducethenationaldebtandpayforeducation.Insum,weallhaveacommonstakeinourschool,ourcommunity,andoursociety.Ouractionsdomatter.Itisessentialthatweactwithintegrityinordertobuildthekindofworldinwhichwewanttolive.1.Apersonofintegritynotonlysetshighmoralandethicalstandardsbutalso_______.A)stickstothemintheirdailylife

B)makesthemknowntoothers

C)understandstheirtruevalues

D)seesthatothersalsofollowthem2.Whatroledoesintegrityplayinpersonalandprofessionalrelationships?A)Ithelpstocreateteamspirit

B)Itfacilitatescommunication

C)Itisthebasisofmutualtrust

D)Itinspiresmutualrespect3.whymustwelearntoidentifytheriskswearegoingtotake？A.Toensurewemakeresponsiblechoices.

B.Toavoidbeingoverwhelmedbystress.

C.Sothatwedon’tbreakanyrules.

D.Sothatwedon’trunintotrouble.4.Violationofaruleismisconductevenif_______?A.ithascausednoharm.

B.itisclaimedtobeunintentional.

C.ithasgoneunnoticed.

D.itiscommittedwithgoodintentions.5.Whatshouldonedoifhedoesn’twishtofoolhimself?A.Avoidmakingexcuses.

B.Listentootherpeople’sadvice.

C.Makehisintensionspublic.

D.Haveotherswatchoverhisshoulder.6.Thosewhotakeriskstheyregretlateron_______.A.willoftenbecomemorecautious

B.areusuallyveryaggressive

C.valueimmediatebenefitsmost.

D.mayloseeverythingintheend7.Accordingtotheauthor,acheaterwhodoesn’tgetcaughtrightawaywill_______.A)paymoredearly

B)becomemoreconfident

C)bewidelyadmired

D)feelsomewhatlucky8.Cheatersatexamdon’tcareabouttheireducation,alltheycareaboutishowto__________.9.Integritymattersinthatallsocialactivitiesrelyon___________.10.ManyAmericanslostfaithintheintegrityoftheirpoliticalleadersasaresultof__________.PartIII

ListeningComprehension

(35minutes)11.A)Readthenoticeonthewindow.B)Goandaskthestaff.C)Getanewbusschedule.D)BoardthebustoCleveland.12.A)Hewaslookingforwardtoseeingthegiraffes.B)Heenjoyedwatchingtheanimalperformance.C)HegothometoolatetoseetheTVspecial.D)HefellasleepinthemiddleoftheTVprogram.13.A)Shewantstotakethemostdirectway.B)Shemaybelateforthefootballgame.C)Sheisworriedaboutmissingherflight.D)Sheiscurrentlycaughtinatrafficjam.14.A)Atarestaurant.

B)Inafishshop.

C)Ataclinic.

D)Onafishingboat.15.A)Heisanexperiencedsalesmanager.B)Heisbeinginterviewedforajob.C)Heisaclosefriendofthewoman.D)Heisgoodatansweringtrickyquestions.16.A)Themanshouldconsiderhisprivacyfirst.B)Themanwillchoosealow-rentapartment.C)Themanisnotcertainifhecanfindaquieterplace.D)Themanisunlikelytomoveoutofthedormitory.17.A)Thewomanisgoingtomakehertopicmorefocused.B)Themanandthewomanareworkingonajointproject.C)Oneshouldchooseabroadtopicforaresearchpaper.D)Ittookalotoftimetogetthemanontherighttrack.18.A)Theywentcampingthistimelastyear.B)Theydidn’tquiteenjoytheirlastpicnic.C)Theylearnedtocooperateunderharshconditions.D)Theyweren’texperiencedinorganizingpicnics.Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.19.A)HelikesSwedenbetterthanEngland.B)Heprefershotweathertocoldweather.C)HeisanEnglishmanlivinginSweden.D)HevisitsLondonnearlyeverywinter.20.A)Thebadweather.B)Thegloomywinter.

C)Thecoldhouses.

D)Thelongnight.21.A)Delightful.

B)Painful.

C)Depressing.

D)Refreshing.22.A)Theyoftenstayuplatereading.B)Theyworkhardandplayhard.C)Theyliketogocampinginsummer.D)Theytrytoearnmoreandspendmore.Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.23.A)EnglishLiterature.

B)Management.

C)French.

D)PublicAdministration.24.A)Englishteaching.

B)Stafftraining.C)Careersguidance.

D)Psychologicalcounseling.25.A)Itsgenerousscholarship.

B)Itsworldwidefame.C)Itswell-designedcourses.

D)Itspleasantenvironment.PassageOne26.A)CharacteristicsofJapaneseartists.B)SomefeaturesofJapaneseculture.C)TheartofJapanesebrushpainting.D)TheuniquenessofJapaneseart.27.A)Tocalmthemselvesdown.B)Toenhanceconcentration.C)Toshowtheirimpatience.D)Tosignallackofinterest.28.A)Howlistenersindifferentculturesshowrespect.B)Howspeakerscanwinapprovalfromtheaudience.C)Howspeakerscanmisunderstandtheaudience.D)HowdifferentWesternandEasternartformsare.PassageTwoQuestions29to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.29.A)Directingpersonnelevaluation.B)Buyingandmaintainingequipment.

C)Drawingupplansforin-servicetraining.D)Interviewingandrecruitingemployees.30.A)Someofhisequipmentwasdamagedinafire.B)Thetrainingprogramheranwasafailure.C)Twoofhisworkerswereinjuredatwork.D)Twoofhisemployeescommittedtheft.31.A)Abetterrelationshipwithhisboss.B)Advancementtoahigherposition.C)Abetter-payingjobinanothercompany.D)Improvementinthecompany’smanagement.32.A)Shehasmoreself-confidencethanChris.B)SheworkswithChrisinthesamedivision.C)ShehasmoremanagementexperiencethanChris.D)SheiscompetingwithChrisforthenewjob.PassageThreeQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.33.A)Theyhelpusseetheimportantvaluesofculture.B)Theyguideusinhandlinghumanrelationship.C)Theyhelpusexpressourselvesmoreeffectively.D)Theyareaninfinitesourceofhumanknowledge.34.A)Theirwordingmaybecomedifferent.B)Thevaluestheyreflectmaychange.C)Theiroriginscannolongerbetraced.D)Theymaybemisinterpretedoccasionally.35.A)Certainvaluesaresharedbyalargenumberofcultures.B)Someproverbsareassumingmoreandmoreimportance.C)Oldproverbsareconstantlyreplacedbynewones.D)Certainvalueshavealwaysbeencentraltoaculture.Ourlivesarewoventogether.AsmuchasIenjoymyown(36)_____,InolongerimagineIcangetthrougha(37)_____daymuchlessallmylife,(38)_____onmyown.EvenifIamon(39)_____inthemountains,Iameatingfoodsomeoneelsehasgrown,livinginahousesomeoneelsehasbuilt,wearingclothessomeoneelsehas(40)_____fromclothwovenbyothers,using(41)_____someoneelseisdistributingtomyhouse.(42)_____ofinterdependenceiseverywhere;weareonthis(43)_____together.AsIwasgrowingup,(44)___________________________________________________.“Makeyourownway〞,〞Standonyourowntwofeet〞ormymother’sfavoriteremarkwhenIwasface-to-facewithconsequencesofsomeaction:Nowthatyou’vemadeyourbed,lieonit.Totalindependenceisadominantthinginourculture.Iimaginethat(45)___________________________________________________________.Buttheteachingwasshapedbyourculturalimagines.Andinstead,IgrewupbelievingthatIwassupposedtobetotallyindependentandconsequentlybecameveryreluctanttoaskforhelp.(46)____________________________________________________________________.PartⅣReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)

(25minutes)Withtheworld'spopulationestimatedtogrowfromsixtoninebillionby2050,researchers.businessesandgovernmentsarealreadydealingwiththeimpactthisincreasewillhaveoneverythingfromfoodandwatertoinfrastructure(根底设施)andjobs.Underlingallthis47willbethedemandforenergy,whichisexpectedtodoubleoverthenext40years.Findingtheresourcestomeetthisdemandina__48__sustainablewayisthecornerstone(基石)ofournation'senergysecurity,andwillbeoneofthemajor__49__ofthe21stcentury.Alternativeformsofenergy-bio-fuels,windandsolar,tonameafeware__50__beingfundedanddeveloped,andwillplayagrowing__51__intheworld'senergysupply.Butexpertssaythatevenwhen__52__,alternativeenergysourceswilllikelymeetonlyabout30%oftheworld'senergyneedsby2050.Forexample,evenwith__53__investments,suchasthe$93millionforwindenergydevelopment__54__in

theAmericanRecoveryandReinvestmentAct,importantalternativeenergysourcessuchaswindandbio-fuels__55__onlyabout1%ofthemarkettoday.Energyandsustainabilityexpertssaytheanswertoourfutureenergyneedswilllikelycomefromalotof__56__bothtraditionalandalternative.注意：此局部试题请在答题卡2上作答。A)stableB)solutionsC)significantD)roleE)progressF)marvelousG)includedH)growthI)exactlyJ)consistK)compriseL)competitionsM)combinedN)challengesO)certainlyBoys'schoolsaretheperfectplacetoteachyoungmentoexpresstheiremotionsandinvolvetheminactivitiessuchasart,danceandmusic.Farfromthetraditionalimageofacultureofaggressivemasculinity(阳刚),theabsenceofgirlsgivesboysthechancetodevelopwithoutpressuretoconformtoastereotype.aUSstudysays.Boysatsingle-sexschoolsweresaidtobemorelikelytogetinvolvedinculturalandartisticactivitiesthathelpeddeveloptheiremotionalexpressiveness,ratherthanfeelingtheyhadtoconformtothe"boycode"ofhidingtheiremotionstobea"realman".Thefindingsofthestudysoagainstreceivedwisdomthatboysdobetterwhentaughtalongsidegirls.TonyLittle,headmasterofEton,warnedthatboyswerebeingfadedbytheBritisheducationsystembecauseithadbecometoofocusedongirls.Hecriticizedteachersforfailingtorecognizethatboysareactuallymoreemotionalthangirls.Theresearcharguedthatboysoftenperformbadlyinmixedschoolsbecausetheybecomediscouragedwhentheirfemalepeersdobetterearlierinspeakingandreadingskills.Butinsingle-sexschoolsteacherscantailorlessonstoboys'learningstyle,lettingthemmovearoundtheclassroomandgettingthemtocompeteinteamstopreventboredom,wrotethestudy'sauthor,AbigailJames,oftheUniversityofTeacherscouldencourageboystoenjoyreadingandwritingwith"boy-focused"approachessuchasthemesandcharactersthatappealtothem.Becauseboysgenerallyhavemoreacutevisionlearnbestthroughtouch,andarephysicallymoreactive,theyneedtobegiven"hands-on"lessonswheretheyareallowedtowalkaround."Boysinmixedschoolsviewclassicalmusicasfeminine(女性的)andpreferthemodemgenre(类型)inwhichviolenceandsexismaremajorthemes,"Jameswrote.Single-sexeducationalsomadeitlesslikelythatboyswouldfeeltheyhadtoconformtoastereotypethatmenshouldbe"masterfulandincharge"inrelationships."Inmixedschoolsboysfeelcompelledtoactlikemenbeforetheyunderstandthemselveswellenoughtoknowwhatthatmeans,"thestudyreported.57.Theauthorbelievesthatasingle-sexschoolwould__________.A)forceboystohidetheiremotionstobe"realmen"B)helptocultivatemasculineaggressivenessinboysC)encourageboystoexpresstheiremotionsmorefreelyD)naturallyreinforceinboysthetraditionalimageofaman58.Itiscommonlybelievedthatinamixedschoolboys__________.A)Performrelativelybetter

C)behavemoreresponsiblyB)growupmorehealthily

D)receiveabettereducation59.WhatdoesTonyLittlesayabouttheBritisheducationsystem?A)Itfailsmoreboysthangirlsacademically.B)Itfocusesmoreonmixedschooleducation.C)Itfailstogiveboystheattentiontheyneed.D)Itplacesmorepressureonboysthanongirls.60.AccordingtoAbigailJames,oneoftheadvantagesofsingle-sexschoolsis__________.A)teachingcanbetailoredtosuitthecharacteristicsofboysB)boyscanfocusontheirlessonswithoutbeingdistractedC)boyscanchoosetolearnwhatevertheyareinterestedinD)teachingcanbedesignedtopromoteboys'teamspirit61.WhichofthefollowingischaracteristicofboysaccordingtoAbigailJames'report?A)Theyenjoybeingincharge.

C)Theyhavesharpervision.B)Theyconformtostereotypes.

D)Theyareviolentandsexist.

It'sanannualargument.Doweordowenotgoonholiday?Mypartnersaysnobecausetheboilercouldgo,ortherooffalloffandwehavenosavingstosaveus.Isayyouonlyliveonceandweworkhardandwhat'sthepointifyoucan'tgoonholiday.Thejoyofarecessionmeansnoargumentnextyear-wejustwon'tgo.Sincemoneyisknowntobeoneofthethingsmostlikelytobringarelationshiptoitsknees,weshouldbegrateful.FormanyfamiliestherecessionmeansmorethannotbookingaholidayAYouGovpollof2,000peoplefound22%saidtheywerearguingmorewiththeirpartnersbecauseofconcernsaboutmoney.What'slesscleariswhetherdivorceandseparationratesriseinarecession–financialpressuresmeancouplesarguemorebutmakesplittinguplessaffordable.Arecentresearchshowsargumentsaboutmoneywereespeciallydamagingtocouples.Disputeswerecharacterizedbyintenseverbal(言语上的)aggression,tendedtoberepeatedandnotresolvedandmademen,morethanwomen,extremelyangry.KimStephenson,anoccupationalpsychologist,believesmoneyissuchabigdealbecauseofwhatitsymbolizes,whichmaybedifferentthingstomenandwomen."Peoplecansaythesamethingsaboutmoneybuthavedifferentideasofwhatit'sfor."heexplains."They'llsayit'stosavetospend,forsecurity,forfreedom,toshowsomeoneyoulovethem."Hesaysmenaremorelikelytoseemoneyasawayofbuyingstatusandofshowingtheirparentsthatthey'veachievedsomething."Thebiggestproblemisthatcouplesassumeeachotherknowwhat'sgoingonwiththeirfinances,buttheydon't.Thereseemstobemoreofataboo(禁忌)abouttalkingaboutmoneythanaboutdeath.Butyoubothneedtoknowwhatyou'redoing,who'spayingwhatintothejointaccountandhowmuchyoukeepseparately.Inahealthyrelationship,youdon'thavetoagreeaboutmoney,butyouhavetotalkaboutit."62.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutvacationing?A)Peopleenjoyitallthemoreduringarecession.B)Fewpeoplecanafforditwithoutworkinghard.C)Itmakesallthehardworkworthwhile.D)Itisthechiefcauseoffamilydisputes.63.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"moneyisknown...tobringarelationshiptoitsknees"(Line1,Para.2)?A)Moneyisconsideredtobetherootofallevils.B)Somepeoplesacrificetheirdignityformoney.C)Fewpeoplecanresistthetemptationofmoney.D)Disputesovermoneymayrainarelationship.64.TheYouGovpollof2,000peopleindicatesthatinarecession__________.A)conflictsbetweencouplestendtoriseB)itismoreexpensiveforcouplestosplitupC)couplesshowmoreconcernforeachotherD)divorceandseparationratesincrease65.WhatdoesKimStephensonbelieve?A)Moneyisoftenasymbolofaperson'sstatus.B)Moneymeansagreatdealtobothandwomen.C)Menandwomenspendmoneyondifferentthings.D)Menandwomenviewmoneyindifferentways.66.Theauthorsuggestsattheendofthepassagethatcouplesshould__________.A)puttheirmoneytogetherinsteadofkeepingitseparatelyB)makeeffortstoreachagreementontheirfamilybudgetsC)discussmoneymatterstomaintainahealthyrelationshipD)avoidarguingaboutmoneymatterstoremainromanticPartⅤCloze

(15minutes)Employersfeartheywillbeunabletorecruitstudentswiththeskillstheyneedastheeconomicrecoverykicksin,anewsurvey__67__.Nearlyhalfoftheorganizationstoldresearcherstheywerealreadystrugglingtofind__68__withskillsinscience,technology,engineeringandmaths(STEM).__69__evenmorecompaniesexpecttoexperience__70__ofemployeeswithSTEMskillsinthenextthreeyears.TheConfederationofBritishIndustry__71__businessesandorganizationsacrossthepublicand__72__sectors,whichtogetheremploy2.4millionpeople.Halfare__73__theywillnotbeabletofillgraduatepostsinthecomingyears,whileathirdsaidtheywouldnotbeableto__74__enoughemployeeswiththerightA-levelskills."__75__wemovefurtherrolerecoveryandbusinessesplan__76__growth,thedemandforpeoplewithhigh-qualityskillsandqualificationswill__77__,"saidRichardLambert,DirectorGeneral,CBI."Firmssayitisalreadyhardtofindpeoplewiththeright__78__orengineeringskills.Thenewgovernmentmustmakeitatop__79__toencouragemoreyoungpeopletostudyscience-related__80__."Thesurveyfoundthatyoungpeoplewouldimprovetheirjobprospects__81__theyst