2023年全国MBA联考英语真题

2007年全国MBA联考英语真题lSectionIVocabulary(10points)

Directions：Thereare20incompletesentencesinthissection．ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，C，andD．ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence．ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithapencil．

1．Hiswifehasbeen_______alotofpressureonhimtochangehisjob．A．takingB．exertingC．givingD．pushing2．Itisestimatedthat，currently,about50，000speciesbecome_____everyyear．A．extinctB．instinctC．distinctD．intense3．Johnsaysthathispresentjobdoesnotprovidehimwithenough______forhisorganizingability． A．scopeB．space C．capacityD．range4．Many_______willbeopenedupinthefutureforthosewithauniversityeducation．A．probabilitiesB．realities C．necessitiesD．opportunities5．Afterhisuncledied，theyoungman_____thebeautifulestatewithwhichhechangedfromapoormantoawealthynoble．A．inhabitedB．inheritedC．inhibitedD．inhaled6．Themanageriscallingona______customertryingtotalkhimintosigningthecontract．A．prosperousB．preliminaryC．pessimisticD．prospective7．In1991，whilet11eeconomiesofindustrializedcountriesmetaneconomic_____，theeconomiesofdevelopingcountriesweregrowingveryfast．A．revivalB．repressionC．recessionD．recovery8．Thedestructionofthetwintowers_________shockandangerthroughouttheworld．A．summonedB．temptedCprovokedD．stumbled9．About20ofthepassengerswhowereinjuredinaplanecrasharesaidtobein_____condition．A．decisiveB．urgentC．vitalD．critical10．TheinteractionsbetweenChinaandtheUSwillsurelyhaveasignificant_______onpeaceandstabilityintheAsia—Pacificregionandtheworldasawhole．A．importanceB．impressionC．impactD．implication11．Thepoorcountriesareextremely_______tointernationaleconomicfluctuations-A．inclinedB．vulnerableC．attractedD．reduced12．Applicantsshouldnotethatallpositionsare——toAustraliancitizenshiprequirements．A．subjectB．subjectiveC．objectedD．objective13．Weaimtoensurethatallcandidatesaretreatedfairlyandthattheyhaveequal______toemploymentopportunities．A．entranceB．entryC．accessD．admission14．Successfullearningisnota(n)________activitybutconsistsoffourdistinctstagesinaspecificorderA．onlyB．soleC．mereD．single15．TheopportunitytoexploreandplayandtheencouragementtodosoCan________theperformanceofmanychildren．A．withholdB．preventC．enhanceD．justify16．Allherhardwork__________intheend，andshefinallypassedtheexam．A．showedoffB．paidoffC．1eftoffD．keptoff17．Inordertolivethekindoflifewewantandtobethepersonwewanttobe，wehavetodomorethanjust________withevents．A．putsupB．setupC．turnupD．makeup18．Theteamplayedhardbecausethechampionshipofthestatewas______.A．athandB．atstakeC．atlargeD．atbest19．Idon’tthinkyou'llchangehismind；oncehe’sdecidedonsosomethinghetendsto_____it.A．sticktoB．abidebyC．complywithD．keepon20．Tomplacedthebanknotes，_________thechangeandreceipts，backinthedrawer．A.morethanB.butforC．thankstoD.alongwithSection1ICloze(10points)Directions：Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage．therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEETwithapencil．Advancingagemeanslosingyourhair,yourwaistlineandyourmemory，right?DanaDenisisjust40yearsold，but21she’sworriedaboutwhatshecalls’myrollingmentalblackouts.〞〞ItrytoremembersomethingandIjustblankout，〞shesaysYoumay22abouttheselapses，callingthem〞seniormoments〞orblaming"earlyAlzheimer’s(老年痴呆症)．〞Isitaninescapablefactthattheolderyouget，the23youremember?Well,sortof．Butastimegoesby,wetendtoblameage24problemsthatarenotnecessarilyage—related．“Whenateenagercan’tfindherkeys，shethinksit'sbecauseshe’sdistractedordisorganized，〞saysPaulGold．“A70-year-oldblamesher25．〞Infact，the70-year-oldmayhavebeen26thingsfordecades．Inhealthypeople，memorydoesn’tworsenas27asmanyofusthink．“Aswe28，thememorymechanismisn’t29，〞sayspsychologistFergusCraik．〞It’sjustinefficient．〞Thebrain’sprocessing30slowsdownovertheyears，thoughnooneknowsexactly31.Recentresearchsuggeststhatnervecellsloseefficiencyand32there’slessactivityinthebrain．But，cautionsBarryGordon，〞It'snotclearthatlessactivityis33．Abeginningathleteiswinded〔气喘吁吁〕moreeasilythana34athlete．Inthesameway,35thebraingetsmoreskilledatatask，itexpendslessenergyonit.〞Thereare36youcantaketocompensatefornormalslippageinyourmemorygears，thoughit37effort．MargaretSewellsays：〞We’reaquick-fixculture,butyouhaveto38tokeepyourbrain39shape．It’slikehavingagoodbody．YouCan’tgotothegymonceayear40expecttostayintopform.〞21．A.almostB.seldomC.already D.never22．A.jokeB.laughC.blameD.criticize23．A.muchB.littleC.moreD.less24．A.sinceB.forC.byD.because25．A.memoryB.mindC.troubleD.health26．A.disorganizingB.misplacingC.puttingD.finding27．A.swiftlyB.frequentlyC.timelyD.quickly28．A．matureB.advanceC.ageD.grow29．A.brokenB.poorC.perfectD.working30．A.patternB.timeC.spaceD.information31．A.whyB.howC.whatD.when32．A.sinceB.henceC.thatD.although33．A.irregularB.betterC.normalD.worse34．A.famousB.seniorC.popularD.trained35．A.asB.tillC.thoughD.yet36．A.stagesB.stepsC.advantagesD.purposes37．A.makesB.takesC.doesD.spends38．A.restB.comeC.workD.study39．A.toB.forC.onD.in40．A.soB.orC.andD.ifSectionⅢReadingComprehension(40points)Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart,Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithapencil.Questions41to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Priortothe20thcentury,manylanguageswithsmallnumbersofspeakerssurvivedforcenturies.Theincreasinglyinterconnectedmodernworldmakesitmuchmoredifficultforsmalllanguagecommunitiestoliveinrelativeisolation,akeyfactorinlanguagemaintenanceandpreservation.Itremainstobeseenwhethertheworldcanmaintainitslinguisticandculturaldiversityinthecenturiesahead.Manypowerfulforcesappeartoworkagainstit:populationgrowth,whichpushesmigrantpopulationsintotheworld’slastisolatedlocations;masstourism;globaltelecommunicationsandmassmedia;andthespreadofgiganticglobalcorporations.Alloftheseforcesappeartosignifyafutureinwhichthelanguageofadvertising,popularculture,andconsumerproductsbecomesimilar.AlreadyEnglishandafewothermajortongueshaveemergedasgloballanguagesofcommerceandcommunication.Formanyoftheworld’speoples,learningoneoftheselanguagesisviewedasthekeytoeducation,economicopportunity,andabetterwayoflife.Onlyabout3,000languagesnowinuseareexpectedtosurvivethecomingcentury.Aremostoftherestdoomedinthecenturyafterthat?Whethermostoftheselanguagessurvivewillprobablydependonhowstronglyculturalgroupswishtokeeptheiridentityalivethroughanativelanguage.Todosowillrequireanemphasisonbilingualism〔masteryoftwolanguages〕.Bilingualspeakerscouldusetheirownlanguageinsmallerspheresathome,amongfriends,incommunitysettingsandagloballanguageatwork,indealingswithgovernment,andincommercialspheres.Inthisway,manysmalllanguagescouldsustaintheirculturalandlinguisticintegrityalongsidegloballanguages,ratherthanyieldtothehomogenizing〔同化的〕forcesofglobalization.Ironically,thetrendoftechnologicalinnovationthathasthreatenedminoritylanguagescouldalsohelpsavethem.Forexample,someexpertspredictthatcomputersoftwaretranslationtoolswillonedaypermitminoritylanguagespeakerstobrowsetheInternetusingtheirnativetongues.Linguistsarecurrentlyusingcomputer—aidedlearningtoolstoteachavarietyofthreatenedlanguages.Formanyendangeredlanguages,thelinebetweenrevivalanddeathisextremelythin.Languageisremarkablyresilient〔有活力的〕,however.Itisnotjustatoolforcommunicating,butalsoapowerfulwayofseparatingdifferentgroups,orofdemonstratinggroupidentity.Manyindigenous〔原生的，土著的〕communitieshaveshownthatitispossibletoliveinthemodernworldwhilereclaimingtheiruniqueidentitiesthroughlanguage.41.Minoritylanguagescanbebestpreservedin__________.A．anincreasinglyinterconnectedworldB．maintainingsmallnumbersofspeakersC．relativelyisolatedlanguagecommunitiesD．followingthetraditionofthe20thcentury42.AccordingtoParagraph2,thattheworldcanmaintainitslinguisticdiversityinthefutureis_______.A．uncertainB．unrealisticC．foreseeableD．definite43.Accordingtotheauthor,bilingualismcanhelp_________.A．smalllanguagesbecomeacceptableinworkplacesB．homogenizetheworld’slanguagesandculturesC．globallanguagesreachhomeandcommunitysettingsD．speakersmaintaintheirlinguisticandculturalidentity44.Computertechnologyishelpfulforpreservingminoritylanguagesinthatit_________.A．makeslearningagloballanguageunnecessaryB．facilitatesthelearningandusingofthoselanguagesC．raisespublicawarenessofsavingthoselanguagesD．makesiteasierforlinguiststostudythoselanguages45.Intheauthor’sview,manyendangeredlanguagesare________.A．remarkablywell-keptinthismodernworldB．exceptionallypowerfultoolsofcommunicationC．quitepossibletoberevivedinsteadofdyingoutD．auniquewayofbringingdifferentgroupstogetherQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Everyone，itseems，hasahealthproblem。AfterpouringbillionsintotheNationalHealthService，Britishpeoplemoanaboutdirtyhospitals，longwaitsandwastedmoney.InGermanythenewchancellor,AngelaMerkel,isunderfireforsuggestingchangingthefinancingofitshealthsystem.Canada’snewConservativePrimeMinister,StephenHarper,madeabigfussduringtheelectionaboutreducingthecountry’slengthymedicalqueues.Acrosstherichworld,affluence,ageingandadvancingtechnologyaredrivinguphealthspendingfasterthanincome.

ButnowherehasabiggerhealthproblemthanAmerica.Soaringmedicalbillsaresqueezingwages,swellingtheranksoftheuninsuredandpushinghugefirmsandperhapseventhegovernmenttowardsbankruptcy.Ford’sannouncementthisweekthatitwouldcutupto30.000jobsby2023wasasmuchasignofit’s“legacy〞health–carecostsasoftheillsofthecarindustry.Pushedbypollsthatshowhealthcareisoneofhismaindomesticproblemsandbyforecastsshowingthattheretiringbaby-boomers(生育顶峰期出生的人)willcrushthegovernment’sfinances,GeorgeBushistounveilareform;planinnextweek’sstate-of–the–unionaddress.

America’shealthsystemisunlikeanyother.TheUniteStatesspends16%ofitsGDPonhealth,aroundtwicetherich-countryaverage,equivalentto$6,280foreveryAmericaneachyear.Yetitistheonlyrichcountrythatdoesnotguaranteeuniversalhealthcoverage.Thankstoanaccidentofhistory,mostAmericansreceivehealthinsurancethroughtheiremployer,withthegovernmentpickingupthebillforthepoorandtheelderly.

Thiscurioushybrid〔混合物〕certainlyhasitsstrengths.Americanshavemorechoicethananybodyelse,andtheirhealth-caresystemismuchmoreinnovative.Europeans’billscouldbemuchhigherifAmericanmedicinewerenotdoingmuchoftheirResearchandDevelopment〔R&D〕forthem.Buttherearealsohugeweaknesses.Theonemostoftencited—especiallybyforeigners—isthearmyofuninsured.Some46millionAmericansdonothavecover.Inmanycasesthatisoutofchoiceand,iftheyfallseriouslyill,hospitalshavetotreatthem.Butitisstilldeeplyunequal.Andtherearealsoshockinginefficiencies:bysomemeasures,30%ofAmericanhealthspendingiswasted.

Thenthereisthequestionofstatesupport.ManyAmericansdisapproveofthe“socializedmedicine〞ofCanadaandEurope.Infact,evenifmuchoftheadministrationisdoneprivately,around60%ofAmerica’sheath-carebillendsupbeingmetbythegovernment.Proportionately,theAmericanstatealreadyspendsasmuchonhealthastheOECD〔OrganizationofEconomicCooperationandDevelopment〕average,andthatshareissettogrowasthebaby-boomersrunuptheirMedicarebillsandevermoreemployersavoidprovidinghealth-carecoverage.Americais,ineffect,headingtowardsaversionofsocializedmedicinebydefault.

46.HealthproblemsmentionedinthepassageincludeallthefollowingEXCEPT_________.

A.poorhospitalconditionsinU.K.

B.AngelaMerkelunderattack

C.healthfinancinginGermany

D.longwaitinglinesinCanada

47.Ford’sannouncementofcuttingupto30,000jobsby2023indicatesthatFord_________.

A.hasthebiggesthealthproblemofthecarindustry

B.hasmadeprofitsfromitshealth-carelegacy

C.hasaccumulatedtooheavyahealth-careburden

D.owesagreatdealofdebttoitsemployees

48.Intheauthor’sopinion,America’shealthsystemis_________.

A.inefficient

B.feasible

C.unpopular

D.successful

49.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat_________.

A.America’shealthsystemhasitsstrengthsandweaknesses

B.theUSgovernmentpaysmedicalbillsforthepoorandtheelderly

C.some46millionAmericansdonothavemedicalinsurance

D.EuropeansbenefitalotfromAmerica’smedicalresearch50.fromthelastparagraphwemaylearnthatthe“socializedmedicine〞is____________.

A.apracticeofCanadaandEurope

B.apolicyadoptedbytheUSgovernment

C.intendedfortheretiringbaby-boomers

D.administeredbyprivateenterprises

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

WhenThomasKeller,oneofAmerica’sforemostchefs,announcedthatonSept.IhewouldabolishthepracticeoftippingatPerSe.hisluxuryrestaurantinNewYorkCity,andreplaceitwithEuropean-styleservicecharge,Iknewthreegroupswouldbeopposed:customers,serversandrestaurantowners.Thesethreegroupsareallcommittedtotipping——astheyquicklymadeclearonWebsites.Toopposetipping,itseems,istobeanticapitalist,andmaybeevenalittleFrench..

ButMr.Kellerisrighttomoveawayfromtipping—andit’sworthexploringwhyjustabouteveryoneelseintherestaurantworldiswrongtostickwiththepractice.

Customersbelieveintippingbecausetheythinkitmakeseconomicsense.“Waitersknowthattheywon’tgetpaidiftheydon’tdoagoodjob〞ishowmostadvocatesofthesystemwouldputit.Tobesure,thisisatempting,apparentlyrationalstatementabouteconomictheory,butitappearstohavelittleapplicabilitytotherealworldofrestaurants.

MichaelLynn,anassociateprofessorof

consumerbehaviorandmarketingatCornell’sSchoolofHotelAdministration,hasconducteddozensofstudentsoftippingandhasconcludedthatconsumersassessmentsofthequalityofservicecorrelateweaklytotheamounttheytip.

Rather,customersarelikelytotipmoreinresponsetoserverstouchingthemlightlyandleaningforwardnexttothetabletomakeconversationthantohowoftentheirwaterglassisrefilled——inotherwords,customerstipmorewhentheyliketheserver,notwhentheserviceisgood.Mr.Lynn’sstudiesalsoindicatethatmalecustomersincreasetheirtipsforfemaleserverswhilefemalecustomersincreasetheirtipsformaleservers,.

What’smore,.consumersseemtoforgetthatthetipincreasesasthebillincreases.Thus,thetippingsystemisanopeninvitationtowhatrestaurantprofessionalscall“upwelling〞:everybottleofimportedwater,everyespressoandeverycocktailisextramoneyintheserver’spocket.Aggressiveupwellingfortipsisoftenrewardedwhilelow-key,qualityserviceoftengoesunrecognized.Inaddition,thepracticeoftippooling,whichisthenorminfine-diningrestaurantsandisbecomingmoreineverykindofrestaurantabovethelevelofagreasyspoon,hasruinedwhatevereffectvotingwithyourtipmighthavehadonanindividualwaiter.Inanunreasonableoutcome,youarepunishingthegoodwaitersintherestaurantbynottippingthebadone.Indeed,thereappeartobelittleconnectionbetweentippingandgoodservice.

51.ItmaybeinferredthataEuropean-styleservice______.

A.istipping-freeB.chargeslittletip

C.istheauthor’sinitiativeD.isofferedatPer-se

52.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtotheauthor.

A.Tippingisacommonpracticeintherestaurantworld.

B.Waitersdon’tcareabouttippingC.Customersgenerallybelieveintipping.

D.Tippinghaslittleconnectionwiththequalityofservice.

53.AccordingtoMichaelLynn’sstudies,waiterswilllikelygetmoretipsifthey______

A.haveperformedgoodservice

B.frequentlyrefillcustomers’waterglass

C.wincustomers’favor

D.servecustomersofthesamesex

54.Wemayinferfromthecontextthat“upwelling〞(Line2,Para6)probablymeans________

A.sellingsomethingup

B.sellingsomethingfancy

C.sellingsomethingunnecessary

D.sellingsomethingmoreexpensive

55.Thispassageismainlyabout__________

A.reasonstoabolishthepracticeoftipping

B.economicsenseoftipping

C.consumers’attitudestowardstipping

D.tippingforgoodservice

Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

“Ipromise.〞“Isweartoyouit’llneverhappenagain.〞“Igiveyoumyword.〞“Honestly.Believeme.〞Sure,Itrust.Whynot?IteachEnglishcompositionataprivatecollege.Withacertainexcitementandintensity.Ireadmystudents’essays,hopingtofindthepersonbehindthepen.Aseachsemesterprogresses,plagiarism〔剽窃〕appears.NotonlyismyintelligenceinsultedasoneassumesIwon’tdetectapolishedpieceofprosefromanotherwise-averagewriter,butIfeelasadnessthatastudenthasresortedtobuyingapaperfromapeer.Writershavestyleslikefingerprintsandafterseveralassignments,Icanmatchastudent’sworkwithhisorhernameevenifit’smissingfromtheupperleft-handcorner.

Whyislearninglessimportantthanahighergrade-pointaverage〔GPA〕?Whenwe’rethreatenedorsick,wemakeconditionalpromises.“IfyouletmepassmathIwill….〞“Lord,ifyougetmeoverthisbeforethebighomecominggameI’ll….〞Oncethesituationisbehindus,soarethepromises.Humannature?Perhaps,butwedousethatcliché〔陈词滥调〕togetusoutofuncomfortablebargains.Divineinterferenceduringdistressisasked;gratitudeisunpaid.Afterall,fewfulfillthecontract,sowhyshouldanyonebetheexception.Whynot?

Sixyearsago,Itookastudentbeforethedean.HehadturnedinanessaywiththevocabularyandsentencestructureofPhDthesis.Upuntilthattime,bothhisout-of-classandin-classworkwereborderlinepassing.

IquestionedthepersonregardinghisessayandhesworeitI’dunderstandthiscopywouldnothavethetimeandattentionanout-of-classpaperisgiven,but

hehadalreadyafinishedpiecesoheunderstoodwhatwasasked.Hesatonehour,thenturnedinpartofapageofunskilledwritingandfaultylogic.Iconfrontedhimwithbothessays.“Ipromise….,I’mnotlying.IsweartoyouthatIwrotetheessay.I’mjustnervoustoday.〞

TheheadoftheEnglishdepartmentagreedwithmyfinding,andthemeetingwiththedeanhadtheboy’sparentspresent.Afteranhourofdiscussion,touchingoneightoftheboy’spreviousessaysandhisgrade-pointaverage,whichindicatedhewasalreadyonacademicprobation〔留校观察〕,thedeanagreedthatthestudenthadplagiarized.Hisparentsprotested,“He’sonlyachild〞andweinstructorsarewiserandshouldbecompassionate.Collegepeoplearenotreallychildrenandmosttimeswouldresentbeinglabeledassuch….Exceptinthisuncomfortablecircumstance.

56.Accordingtotheauthor,studentscommitplagiarismmainlyfor_____.

A．money

B．degree

C．higherGPA

D．reputation

57.thesentence“Oncethesituationisbehindus,soarethepromises’impliesthat_________.

A．studentsusuallykeeptheirpromises

B．somestudentstendtobreaktheirpromises

C．thepromisesarealwaysbehindthesituation

D．wecannotjudgethesituationinadvance,aswedotothepromises

58.The“borderlinepassing〞〔Line3,Para.3〕probablymeans____________.

A．fairlygood

B．extremelypoor

C．aboveaverage

D．belowaverage

59.Theboy’sparentsthoughttheirsonshouldbeexcusedmainlybecause_______________.

A．teachersshouldbecompassionate

B．hewasonlyachild

C．instructorswerewiser

D．hewasthreatened

60.Whichofthefollowingmightserveasthetitleofthispassage?

A．HumanNature

B．ConditionalPromises

C．HowtoDetectCheating

D．TheSadnessofPlagiarism

SectionIVTranslation

(20points)

Directions:InthissectionthereisapassageinEnglishTranslatethepassageintoChineseandwriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

Poweringthegreatongoingchangesofourtimeistheriseofhumancreativityasthedefiningfeatureofeconomiclife.Creativityhascometobevalued,becausenewtechnologies,newindustriesandnewwealthflowfromit.Andasaresult,ourlivesandsocietyhavebeguntoechowithcreativeideas.Itisourcommitmenttocreativityinitsvarieddimensionsthatformstheunderlyingspiritofourage.

Creativityisessentialtothewayweliveandworktoday,andinmanysensesalwayshasbeen.Thebigadvancesinstandardofliving–-nottomentionthebigcompetitiveadvantagesinthemarketplace--alwayshavecomefrom〞betterrecipes,notjustmorecooking.〞Onemightarguethat’snotstrictlytrue.Onemightpointout,forinstance,thatduringthelongperiodfromtheearlydaysontheIndustrialRevolutiontomoderntimes,muchofthegrowthinproductivityandmaterialwealthintheindustrialnationscamenotjustfromcreativeinventionslikethesteamengine,butfromthewidespreadapplicationof“cookinginquantity〞businessmethodslikemassivedivisionoflabor,concentrationofassets,verticalintegrationandeconomiesofscale.Butthosemethodsthemselveswerecreativedevelopments.参考答案人类创造力的提升，作为经济生活所定义的特征，为我们这个时代正在发生的巨大变化，提供了巨大的动力。因为新的技术，新的工业，新的财富都伴随着创造力产生，创造力逐渐受到重视。所以，我们的生活中和社会中，开始回响着创造性的思想。正是我们在各个方面对创造力的认同，形成了我们这个时代潜在的精神。创造力对于我们今天的生活和工作是致关重要的，从许多意义上来说曾经也是。在不设计大市场中大的竞争优势的情况下，生活水平的大幅度提高总是来自更好的食谱，而不是更多的烹饪。也许会有人提出这并不完全正确。有人也许会举例指出，从早期的工业革命到现代化时代这么长的时期内，在工业领域中，许多生产效率的进步和物质财富的增长并不仅仅来源煜创造性的创造，如蒸气机，还来源于讲求量的商业方法的广泛应用，比方大规模的劳动力划分，资本集中，纵向