初中英语语法-情态动词练习题

初中英语语法EnglishGrammar情态动词一、情态动词的类型和特征(一)情态动词的类型只作情态动词的有：must;can(could);may(might);2.可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有：need可作情态动词也可作助动词的有：will(would);shall(should)；具有情态动词的某些特征的有：haveto;oughtto情态动词的特征：1•有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和行为动词或系动词连用，构成谓语。无人称和数的变化(haveto例外，用于第三人称单数时用hasto)。Wemuststayhere./Hemuststayhere他必须呆在这儿。Wehavetowalkhome./Hehastowalkhome他不得不步行回家。后接动词原形：Shemayloseherway.她可能迷路了。具有助动词的作用，可用来构成否定句、疑问句及用于简明答语。—CanyousinganEnglishsong?你会唱英语歌吗？一Yes,Ican.是的，我会。二、情态动词的用法(一)can,could的用法表示能力，译为：能，会。如：Canyouplaybasketball?你会打篮球吗？表怀疑、猜测，常用于否定句和疑问句中。如:Hecan'tbeintheroo他不可能在房间里。表请求或允许，多用于口语中，意为可以”相当于may。如:Youcan(may)gonow.你现在可以走了。could是can的过去式,可以表示过去的能力如:IcouldswimwhenIwassevenyearsold.以can开头的一般疑问句，其肯定回答和否定回答分别用can和can‘。tmay的用法1.表推测，意为可能;也许”用于肯定句中.如:Hemaycometomorrow.他明天可能会来。表请求、许可，意为可以”如：MayIborrowyourbook?我可以借用你的书吗？探may表请求，用于主语为第一人称的一般疑问句时，其否定回答用mustn'，不用maynot，意为不可以，不许，禁止”。如：一MayIgonow?—No,youmustn't.不可以。/Yes,youmay(can).是，可以。(1)表祝愿。如：Mayyousucceed.祝你成功。(2)can和may均可用来表示征求意见或允许，意为可以”一般可互换使用。must的用法:1.表示必须、应该”。表示推测，意为一定”一般用于肯定句。在疑问句和否定句一般应用can,否定句中也用may，但maynot表示可能不”，而can'表示不可能”。—There'ssomeoneknockingonthedo有人敲门。—ItmustbeJim.肯定是吉姆。探3.在否定句中，mustn'表示禁止，意为不允许”。以must开头的疑问句，肯定回答应用must,而否定回答则常用needn',意为不需要、不必”，相当于don'thaveto,而不能用mustn‘。t—MustIfinishtheworktoday?我今天必须完成这项工作吗？—No,youneedn't/Youdon'th不，你不必/Yes,youmust.（四）对need词性的判断：need后加todo说明need为实义动词，用助动词提问或否定；need后加doing表被动；若need后加动词原形，则need为情态动词，用need提问或否定，肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn'°t如:Youneedntcometoschoolsoearly.你不必这么早来学校。（五）hadbetter的用法：hadbetter+动词原形，表示最好做某事，否定式用hadbetternotdosth.oYou'dbetterstayathome你最好呆在家里/You'dbetternotwatchTVeveryd你.最好不要每天看电视。（六）shall（should）,will（would）的用法Shall用于第一人称，表示征求意见、询问。如:ShallIopenthewindow?我打开窗户好吗？Shallwehavelunchhere?我们在这儿吃饭好吗？Should常用来表示义务、责任。如：Weshouldobeytrafficlaws.我们应该遵守交通规则。will用于第二人称表示询冋，请求,也可以表达现在的意愿”如:Willyoupassmethebook?你能把这本书递给我吗？/Wewilldoanythingforyou.would用来表示过去的意愿或委婉的询问。Wouldyoutellmethewaytothestation?你能告诉我去车站的路吗？三、易混点清单（★为不常考知识点）★（一）can和beableto:can和beableto表示能力时用法相同，can只用于现在时和过去式（could），但beableto表示经过努力后，能够做到有现在时，过去时和将来时。如:Wewillbeabletocomebacknextweek.我们下周能回来。Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryonewasabletogetout.（表示经过努力后，能够做到）Jimcouldn'tspeakChineselastyear,butnowhe吉姆去年不会说汉语，但现在他会了。（二）can和may表可能性的区别在肯定句中，用may表可能Youhadbetteraskthepoliceman.Hemayknow你最好问警察,他可能知道。在否定句中，若语气肯定，表示不可能”时用cannot;若语气不肯定，表示可能不”时用maynot。MrLican'tbeintheroom.HehasgonetoBeijingfora李老师不可能在，他去北京度假了。（三）could,should,would,might表示委婉语气could,should,would,might等过去式有时不表示过去，而是表示更委婉客气的语气。Wouldyoutellmethewaytothepark?你能告诉我去公园的路吗？★（四）must和have（has）tomust和have（has）to意思均为必须”，常可以互换使用。但have（has）to用于强调客观需要，意为必须，不得不”；must用于表示主观看法，意为必须，应该”。WeIIhavetoaskZhangHonginstead./Wemustworkhardatschool.（五）maybe和maybemay为情态动词，后加动词原形be,用在句中；maybe为副词，大概，也许”相当于perhaps用于句首。（六）can'和mustn't表否定推测时应用can'tmustn'表达禁止、不允许”的含义，不是用来表推测的，在肯定句中must表推测，译为一定”。（七）（补充）shouldhavedone本应该做的事情但未做含有责备之意女口：ItoldLilyhowtogethere,butperhapsIshouldhavewrittenitout.neednve'thdone本没必要做但却做了sth2014年全国部分省市中考英语试题汇编:单项选择一情态动词和系动词一、情态动词【2014铜仁】一MustIwatertheflowersnow,mum?——No,you.Youdoitlater.A.mustn't;mustB.mustn't;mayC.needn't;mayD.needn't;must【答案】【2014连云港】一Iknowbywhattimeyouwanttheprojecttobedone?——Bythedayaftertomorrow.youfinishitontime?A.May;CanB.Must;NeedC.Could;MustD.Need;Would【答案】A【2014长沙】一Who'ssinginginthegarden?——ItbeMr.Brown.Healwayspracticessingingatthistime.A.mustB.can'tC.need【答案】A【2014河北】Ifollowyou.Wouldyoupleaserepeatit?A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.shouldn't【答案】A【2014北京】一MustIhandinmyhomeworknow,Mr.Smith?—No,you.A.can'tB.shouldn'tC.wouldn'tD.needn't【答案】D【2014扬州】一Excuseme,mayIkeepthebookalittleIonger?—Sorry.Youreturnittoday.A.mustB.mustn'tC.canD.can't【答案】A【2014黔西南州】一IsthemanoverthereMr.Brown?—Ithim.HehasgonetoBraziltowatchthe2014FIFAWorldCup.A.maynotB.can'beC.shouldn'tD.mustn't【答案】B

【2014重庆市A】Childrensitinthefrontseatofacar.I'toodangerous.A.needB.needn'tC.mustD.mustn't【答案】D【2014安徽】一Iforgottobringmydictionary.CouldIuseyours?—Yes,you.A.canB.mustC.couldD.should【答案】A【2014重庆市B】Themanisfeelingmuchbetternow,soyoucalladoctor.A.needn'tB.can'tC.mustn'tD.shouldn't【答案】A【2014杭州】Ifyousmoke,pleasegooutside.A.canB.mayC.mustD.might【答案】【2014东营】AfteryoureadthearticleWhyfastfoodisslowlykillingyou”，youstopeatingfastfood.A.can【答案】B【2014天津】A.should【答案】D【2014南昌】A.can't【答案】D【2014苏州】—No,youA.mightn't【答案】DB.mayC.havetoD.shouldLookattheNoparking”sign.Youparkyourcarhere.B.mustC.needn'tD.mustn'tWepaytogetintotheconcert.It'sfree.B.mustn'tC.mightnotD.don'thaveto—MayItakethismagazineoutofthereadingroom?.Youreaditinhere.B.won'tC.needn'tD.mustn't【2014宁波】—youleavenow?Youonlyarrivedhereanhourago.—Sorry,butsomuchhomeworkiswaitingforme.A.MayB.MustC.CanD.Might【答案】B【2014甘肃白银】一MustIgotolawschoolandbealawyerlikeyou,dad?—No,you—No,youA.can'tB.mustn'tC.shouldn'tD.needn't【答案】D【2014丽水】Hereismyphonenumber.YouA.mustB.can_callmeanytimeyoulike.C.shouldD.need【答案】B【2014绍兴】—Let'sgoclimbing,shallwe?—Youbejoking!DonA.mayB.can'tyouknowI

C.mustofhigafralafces?D.should【答案】C【2014台州】—Areyouinterestedinshoppingonline?—Notsomuch.Weseerealproductsbutpictures.A.shouldn'tB.can'tC.mustn'tD.needn't【答案】B【2014泰安】—Couldyoupleasehaveawalkwithme?—Sorry,I.Ihavesomethingimportanttodonow.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.can'tD.maynot【答案】C【2014威海】—Bob,whereisLinda?—Shebeinthelibrary,butIamnotsure.A.mustB.mayC.needD.hasto【答案】B【2014滨州】—Mustwetakeoutthetrashnow?—.Youcandoitafterclass.A.Yes,youmustB.No,youcan'tC.Yes,youmayD.No,youneedn't

【答案】D【2014德州】—Lingling,canIuseyoure-dictionary?—Sure.Butyoureturnitafterclass.A.mustB.canC.mayD.would【答案】A【2014菏泽】thiskindofbooks.might【答案】B【2014聊城】—Look,someoneleftabook.—Oh,yeah…ThisbookbeKittyA.canB.mustC.mays.OnlyshelikestoreadD.—IstheIong-hairedmanBruce?—No,itbehim.HeNewsYorknow.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.maynotnot【答案】A【2014潍坊】rule.【答案】A二、系动词【2014潍坊】Peoplewaituntilthetrafficbecomesgreen.ThatsthetrafficA.mustB.canC.needD.may—Whatwillascieneemuseumbelikeifyouareaskedtobuildone?——Ihopeitwilllikeabook.A.tasteB.soundC.lookD.smell【答案】C【2014昆明】一Themedicineawful.Icantstandit.—Iknow,Jimmy.Butit'shelpfulforyou.A.tastesB.eatsC.drinksD.takes【答案】A【2014河北】Momiscookingdinner.Itsonice.A.smellsB.tastesC.feelsD.sounds【答案】A【2014安徽】Mum,whatareyoucooking?Itsosweet.A.tastesB.feelsC.soundsD.smells【答案】D【2014湖北咸宁】一Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?—ItogetherwithmyclassmatesgoingtoclimbM