北京林业大学语言学试题

C.interpersonalrelationshipD.performativefunctionsUsinglanguageforthesheerjoyofusingitshowsthatlanguagehasafunction.recreationalmetalingualinformativeperformative3.Accordingto,thetaskofalinguististodeterminefromthedataofperformancetheunderlyingsystemofrulesthathasbeenmasteredbythelanguageuser.A.RomanJacobsonB.LeonardBloomfieldC.KennethPikeC.interpersonalrelationshipD.performativefunctionsUsinglanguageforthesheerjoyofusingitshowsthatlanguagehasafunction.recreationalmetalingualinformativeperformative3.Accordingto,thetaskofalinguististodeterminefromthedataofperformancetheunderlyingsystemofrulesthathasbeenmasteredbythelanguageuser.A.RomanJacobsonB.LeonardBloomfieldC.KennethPikeD.NoamChomsky口XA3_D4_C5_D6.CD7.BCD口皿10.ABC11.ACD12.C13.D14.B15.BCD16.AD17.CD18.BC19.ABC20.AC21.^22.ACD23^24.ABC25-^Foreachquestion,therearefourchoicesofanswers.Insomecases,onlyonechoiceiscorrectwhileinothersmorethanoneshouldbechosen.ChooseALLthecorrectones.(25points)DisplacementbenefitshumanbeingsbygivingthemthepowertohandleB.generalizationsandabstractionsarbitrarinessandcreativityB.generalizationsandabstractions4.WhoseCardinalVowelsystemisstillinuse?A.A.J.EllisB.A.M.BellC.DanielJonesD.A.C.Gimson5.Whichofthefollowingiscalledschwa?A.[a]B.[&]C.[o]D.[?]6.Whichofthefollowingwordsinvolve“nasalization”？A.rapB.readC.runningD.want7.WhichoftheA.A.J.EllisB.A.M.BellC.DanielJonesD.A.C.Gimson5.Whichofthefollowingiscalledschwa?A.[a]B.[&]C.[o]D.[?]6.Whichofthefollowingwordsinvolve“nasalization”？A.rapB.readC.runningD.want7.Whichofthefollowingwordsarelikelytohavestressinsentences?A.aB.testC.bikeD.sun8.”istheabstractunitunderlyingthesmallestunitinthelexicalsystemofalanguage.8.A.WordB.LexemeC.MorphemeD.VocabularyA.WordB.LexemeC.MorphemeD.VocabularyWordclassisknownintraditionalgrammaras.constructionB.partsofspeechC.inflection D.categoriesWhichofthefollowingareprefixes?para B.dis C.ir D.ionIntraditionalgrammar,itisimportantto.A.classifywordsintopartsofspeechB.definethepropertiesofsentencesC.identifythefunctionsofwordsD.recognizecertaincategories,likenumberandtense“Concord”hasthesamemeaningas_C.perfectiveB.progressiveC.agreementD.governmentWhichofthefollowingareNOTrelatedtoNoamChomsky?DeepStructure.B.SurfaceStructure.C.TransformationalComponent.D.ThemeandRheme.The“semantictriangle”wasproposedbyA.PlatoandAristotleB.OgdenandRichardsC.ChomskyandHalleD.LeechandPalmerWhichofthefollowingareconverseantonyms?A.clever:stupidB.boy:girlC.give:receiveD.teacher:employeeWhichofthefollowingarecorrectreadingsof“CAUSE(x,(BECOME(y, (~ALIVE(y)))))”？A.xcausesytobecomenotalive.B.xcausesytobecomealive.C.xcausesytobecomenotdead. D.xcausesytobecomedead.Whichofthefollowingareforegrounded?The1960dreamofhighriselivingsoonturnedintoanightmare.Thespeechwasmade29October1941totheboysatChurchill’soldpublicschool,Harrow.Neverinthefieldofhumanconflictwassomuchowedbysomanytosofew.Wehavenotjourneyedacrossthecenturies,acrosstheoceans,acrossthemountains,acrosstheprairies,becausewearemadeofsugarcandy.Whichofthefollowingincludeametonymy?Bythishourthevolcanicfiresofhisnaturehadburntdown.Thekettleboils.C.Landsbelongtothecrown.D.Theyhaveafleetoffiftysails.Whichofthefollowinglinesaremostlikelyfromthepoemsofe.e.cummings?l(a/le/af/fa/ll/s)/one/l/inessamwas.areleavesfewthis.istheseaor/scratchilyoverwhichofearthdraggedonceihadanunclenamed/SolwhowasabornfailureandAwomanIforswore；butIwillprove,/Thoughbeingagoddess,Iforsworenotthee：Whichofthefollowinginvolve‘generalcontexteffects’？Youcanunderstandeverywordofabaseballcommentarybutyoudonotknowwhatitistalkingabout.Youdonotunderstandasentencebutwhenyoureadthenextsentenceyoucanknowthemeaningofthefirstone.Youdonotknowwhyinaforeignmoviepeoplesayyesastheyshaketheirheads.Youdonotknowwhatatextisaboutuntilyouaregiventhetitleofthetext.‘Linguisticdeterminism’and‘linguisticrelativity’havealternativelybeenusedtoreferto.A.cross-culturalcommunicationB.Sapir-WhorfHypothesisanthropologicallinguisticsD.ethnographyofcommunicationWhichofthefollowingstatementscanbemadeaboutsociolinguistics?It has contributed to afreshlookatthenatureoflanguagedevelopmentanduse.It has contributed to thedevelopmentoftheoreticallinguistics.It has contributed to achangeofemphasisinthecontentoflanguageteaching.It has contributed to innovationsinmaterialsandactivitiesforthelanguageclassroom.ThemostrecentadvanceinCDtechnologyusedinCALListhedevelopmentof.A.CD-ROMB.CD-RC.CD-ID.HVDWhichofthefollowingstatementsaretrueofacomputercorpus?A.Itisalargebodyofmachine-readabletexts.B.Itisacollectionoflinguisticdata.Itsmainpurposeistoverifyahypothesisaboutlanguage.Itdealswiththeprinciplesandpracticeofusingcorporainlanguagestudy.Whatdoes ‘mousepotato’mean?A.amousepadB.amouseshapedlikeapotatoC.apotatoasfoodforthemouseD.acomputeraddictII.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.(15points)1.F2.F3.F4.F5.T6.T7.T8.T9.T10.T11.T12.F13.F14.T15.TF1.Arbitrarinessmeansyoucanuselanguageinanywayyoulike.TheEnglishsyllablemayhaveasmanyasthreeconsonantsinthecodaposition.Whendividingsyllables,wenormallyputconsonantsinthecodaposition.“Radar”isaninventedword.Theconsonant[x]existedinOldEnglish.TodaywenormallysaythatEnglishhastwotenses:presentandpast.AccordingtoJ.Firbas, CommunicativeDynamismrefersto“theextenttowhichthesentenceelementcontributestothedevelopmentofthecommunication.”T8.Leech’sconceptualmeaninghastwosides:senseandreference.T9.Inlogicalsymbols,Vmeans"all”andHmeans"some”.Deviationcorrespondstothetraditionalideaofpoeticlicense：thewriterofliteratureisallowed-incontrasttotheeverydayspeaker-todeviatefromrules,maxims,orconventions.Coupletsaretwolinesofverse,usuallyconnectedbyarhyme.Alanguagethathassevencolortermshasreachedthelaststageofevolution.InHopi,asimplequestionlike‘Areyougoingtoeatriceandcassavanow?’willhaveseveraldifferenttranslationsinaccordancewiththeactualsituations.MTcannowberealizedontheinternet.Aconcordanceisalistingofthecontextsinwhichawordappears, asretrievedfromacomputercorpus.Definethefollowingterms.(20points)interpersonalfunction：themostimportantsociologicaluseoflanguage,bywhichpeopleestablishandmaintaintheirstatusinasociety.(3)InFunctionalGrammar,itisconcernedwithinteractionbetweentheaddresserandaddresseeinthediscoursesituationandtheaddresser'sattitudetowardwhathespeaksorwritesabout.syntagmaticrelation：arelationbetweenoneitemandothersinasequence,orbetweenelementswhichareallpresent,(3)suchastherelationbetweenweatherandtheothersinIftheweatherisnice,wellgoout.(2)thesemantictriangle：atheorywhichexplicitlyemploysthenotion“concept”proposedbyOgdenandRichardsintheirTheMeaningofMeaning.(1)Theyarguetherelationbetweenawordandathingitreferstoisnotdirect.Itismediatedbyconcept.(2)Inadiagramform,therelationisrepresentedasfollows：conceptword thing(2)I-nar