中考英语形容词和副词考点归纳与例析

中考英语形容词和副词考点归纳与解析【重点讲解】形容词用来修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。大多数形容词有比较等级的变化，可分为原级、比较级和最高级三种基本形式，用来表示事物的等级差别。副词在句子中主要修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。副词按词汇意义可分为方式副词、程度副词、地点副词、时间副词和频度副词等。分别用于表示状态、程度、场所、时间。副词也有比较等级的变化，其规则形式与形容词的相同。掌握形容词和副词的基本用法要注意以下几点：1、有些形容词加-ly可构成副词。但由名词加-ly结尾的是形容词，如friendly，lovely，likely，lively等。2、形容词、副词的比较级等级的变化。1）规则变化：①单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加-er/estsmall smaller smallest;clever cleverer cleverest②辅音字母+y结尾的，把y变成i加-er/est:easy easier easiest;heavy heavier heaviest③词尾以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，双写该辅音字母，然后加-er/est:big bigger biggest;hot hotter hottest④多音节词和部分双音节词，在词前加上more/most:slowly moreslowly mostslowly;interesting moreinteresting mostinteresting2）不规则变化：原级比较级最高级good（好的）/well（健康的）betterbestbad（坏的）/ill（有病的）worseworstold（老的）older/elderoldest/eldestmuch/many（多）moremostlittle(少)lessleastfar(远)farther/furtherfarthest/furthest3、表示比较的几种句型：句型1：“比较级+than”，例如：YouaretallerthanI.Theylightsinyourroomarebrighterthanthoseinmine.句型2：“as+原级+as"，否定句中可用so…as例如：Tomisastallashisfather.Hecannotrunso/asfastasyou.句型3：“最高级+in/of...”，例如：TheChangjiangRiverisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.Peteristhetallestplayerofthethree.4、可修饰比较级的词有much,even,far,still,rather,byfar,abit,alittle,alot,agreatdeal等。例如：Thesunismuchbiggerthantheearth.太阳比地球大得多。HedidhisworkfarbetterthanI.他的工作做得比我好得多。【中考链接】一，用所给词的正确形式填空。Iamalittle(tall)thanyou.Itismuch(safe)tostayathomethantogooutatnight.Thisquestionis(difficult)thanthatone.FanBingbingis(famous)thanYangmi.JackyChanis(popular)thanWangBaoqiang.Theyellowbagisthe(expensive)ofthetwobags.Mypocketmoneyismuch(much)thanyours.Hefeltbadyesterday.Butnowhefeelsalot(good).Maominisnotso(busy)asShanghai.Ihavegotmoneyas(much)asyou.形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)一，作用和位置(1)“形容词”常用来修饰，放在名词的或者be/系动词(例如：become/get/turn/feel等)的。例如：①漂亮的女孩beautifulgirl(beautiful是形容词，放在名词girl的前面)②Thebagisbig.(big是形容词，放在be动词后面)“副词”修饰,常放在动词的,被修饰的形容词和副词的。例如：①大声说speakloudly(speak是动词，loudly就是副词。)②非常好verygood(good"好的”是形容词，very是副词，修饰good，放在它的前面)二，副词的变化规则规则的变化：副词(adv,)=形容词+ly例如：carefully=careful+lyJslow(adj.缓慢的)-slowly(adv.缓慢地，慢慢地)quick(adj.迅速的，快的)-quickly(adv.快，迅速)safe—safely注意：(1)辅音字母加y结尾的，要把y变成i，再加ly例如：happy(adj.高兴的),happily(adv.高兴地)(2)有些词既可作形容词也可作副词。如：fast,early,late，hard，high等。good的副词是well！(切记)1，把下面形容词变成副词。heavyslowfastcarefullightcarelessbusysadloudnaturalsuccessfullategoodluckyearly二，选词填空。1，Heisastudent,andhealwaysdoesatschool.(good/well)Myfatherusuallyfinisheshisjobs.Heisaman.(successful/successfully)Iamsotoday.Iwonthematch.(lucky/luckily)Shanghaiisacity.Everyoneworks.(busy/busily)Shesingsreally.(good/well)Don,tdrivetoo(fast).It,sdangerous.Timgoestoschooleveryday.Butit,stootoday.(early)Iamneverforschool.ButtodayIgottoschooltoo.(late)Listentoteachersinclass.Youshouldbe.(careful/carefully)Tonyisaboy.Helosthisbagthismorning.(careless/carelessly)三，用括号里所给词的正确行使填空。Lilyleft(angry)yesterday.Theyareplayingbasketball.Theyaresotoday.(happy)Pleasewriteitdown(quick).Isawagrandmawalk(slow)intheparkyesterday.Sallydidn,tpasstheexam(successful),sosheiscrying(sad).Ican,thearyou(clear).Canyousayit(loud)?Mygrandmaisverynice.Shealwayssmilesatus(nice).Mymother(usual)goesshoppingwithme.Everythingisgetting(good).Ihurtmyknee(bad)yesterday.Iamworking(hard)togetthebestscore.Weareplaying(good)asateamnow.Childrencanlearnlanguagesmore(easy)thanadults.一，变化规则：包括规则的变化和不规则的变化(1)规则的变化构成方法原级比较级一般都在词前面加morecarefully，carelessly,easily，loudly,clearly在词尾加"erearly，late，fast，high，hard(2)不规则的变化原级比较级原级比较级littlewellBadlyfarmany/muchSorry,Ican,thearyou.Pleasespeak(loudly).Tonylistenstoteachers(careful)thanKevin.Dickdoeshishomework(careless)thanyou.Wearetraining(hard)becausewewanttowin.Tomgoestoschool(late)thanTony.Iusuallygetup(early)thanmysister.Samdid(well)thisyearthanlastyear.LiLeidraws(badly)thanJim.TodayTomcametoschool(early)Pleaserun(quickly).Orwe,llbelate.比较级固定句式(1)比较级+and+比较级=越来越……/更…、更…香港正变得更大更繁荣。HongKongisgettingbiggerandbusier.现在Simon学习越来越认真了。NowSimonisstudying.(2)the+比较级，the+比较级=越 ，越 Eg：开车越小心就越安全。Themorecarefullyyoudrive,thesaferitis.越喝多可乐就越胖。 Themorecolayoudrink,thefatteryoubecome.①练习越多就越容易。youpractise,itis.—Theteacherlookedatherstudentswhentheyweresaved.—Wealsofeltforthem.A.happily,happy B.happy,happilyC.happy,happy D.happily,happily—Thisdishtastes.—Thankyou.ItbyMr.Smith.A.good;wascooked B.well;cooksC.bad;iscooked D.terrible;cooked一goodnewsitis!Thepandaarefoundaliveaftertheearthquake.一It,sso.A.Whata,excited B.What,excitingC.Howa,excited D.How,exciting一Travelingbyplaneisthantravelingbytrain.一Yes,butitisnotsoastravelingbytrain.A.quickly;cheaper B.morequick;cheaplyC.quick;morecheap D.quicker;cheap一ShallwegototheHi-techFairat9:00tomorrowmorning?一Whynotmeetalittle?Howabout8:30?

A.moreB.lessC.laterD.earlierA.moreB.lessC.laterD.earlierIthinkrealcardsarethane-cards.A.nice B.nicerC.nicestD.thenicest—Howmuchmoneydidyoupayforthedrink?—None.Itwas.A.easy B.freeC.cheap D.expensive—Let,sgotothenewrestaurantonthe24thStreetfordinnertonight?—Wecancookitathome.It,s.A.expensive B.moreexpensiveC.lessexpensive D.themostexpensiveEveryonelikesKevinbecausehetalkstoothers.A.friendlyB.lovelyC.politely D.luckilyDanielisacarefuldriverbuthedrivesofmyfriends.A.morecarefully B.themostcarefullyC.lesscarefully D.theleastcarefullyThesunrisesintheeast.A.never B.sometimesC.always D.often—Ialwayslistentotheteacherinclass.—It,sverycleverofyoutodothat.A.free B.freely C.carefulD.carefullyTheycoulddotheworkbetterwithmoneyandpeople.A.little,fewerB.fewer,lessC.less,fewerD.less,fewMondayismyday.A.thebusiestB.busy C.busie