2020年中考英语热点练习：保护环境

精品文档可修改欢迎下载精品文档可修改欢迎下载精品文档可修改欢迎下载精品文档可修改欢迎下载阅读理解(一)IfyouareinShanghaiandwanttothrowawayacupofmilktea,becareful.Youneedtofollowthesesteps:first,pouroutanyleftoverintoawetwastebin;then,beforethrowingthesingle-usecupintoadrywastebin,putthepaperwrapperintoarecyclablewastebin.Sounddifficultandannoying?You'llhavetogetusedtoit.PeopleinShanghaiarerequiredtosorttheirgarbageaccordingtostrictrules.Whyshouldwesortourgarbage?Theanswerliesintheincreasingamountofwasteweareproducing.Chinesecitiesproduceover200milliontonsofwasteeachyear,accordingtoChinaEconomicNet.Mostofthiswasteisburiedinlandfills.whichmaypollutethewaterandsoil.Moreover,wearerunningoutofspacefornewlandfills.Infact,morethanhalfofourwastecanberecycled.Recyclablegarbagecanbemadeintonewmaterials.Forexample,wetgarbagecanbeusedtomakegas,heatandfertilizer.Butinordertorecyclegarbageefficiently,weneedtosortourgarbage.Can'tgarbage-processingcompaniesdothesortingjobfocus?Theycan.Butthatrequiresalotofworkandcostslotsofmoney.Thingswillbecomemucheasierifeachofuscansortourowngarbage.Besides,theannoyingtaskofsortingmightencouragepeopletoproducelesswaste.Doyoustillwanttobuythatmilktea?()1.Ifyouwanttothrowadrinkbottle,whichofthefollowingordersisRIGHT?①Pouroutanyleftoverintoapoisonouswastebin.②Putthepaperwrapperintoarecyclablewastebin.③Throwthesingle-usecupintodrywastebin.④Putanyleftoverintoawetwastebin.A.①②③B.④②③C.③①②D.④③②()2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“landfills”meaninChinese?A.沙漠B.森林地区C.郊区D.垃圾填埋场()3.Whyshouldwesortourgarbage?Becausepeopleproducelesswaste.C.Becausenoonerecyclesgarbage.Becauserecyclinggarbageiseasy.D.Becauseoftheincreasingamountofwaste.()4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Chinesecitiesproduceover200billiontonsofwasteeachyear.Chinesecitieshaveenoughspaceforthenewlandfills.Overhalfofourwastecanberecycled.Wetgarbagecanbeusedtomakegas,heatandplastic.()5.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?TheadvantagesofsortinggarbageC.AnintroductionofsortinggarbageWonderfulwaysofsortinggarbageD.Anenvironmentalcity—Shanghai(二)Theworldisnothungry,butitisthirsty.Itseemsstrangethatnearly3/4oftheearthiscoveredwithwaterwhilewesayweareshortof(短缺)water.Why?Becauseabout97%ofwaterontheearthisseawaterwhichwecan'tdrinkoruse.Mancanonlydrinkandusethe3%-thewaterthatcomesfromriversandlakes.Andwecan'tevenuseallofthat,becausesomeofithasbeenpolluted(污染).Nowmorewaterisneeded.Theproblemis:Canweavoid(避免)aseriouswatershortagelateron?First,weshouldalllearnhowtosavewater.Secondly,weshouldfindoutthewaystoreuseit.Scientistshavealwaysbeenmakingstudiesinthefield.Today,inmostlargecitieswaterisusedonlyonceandthenrunstotheseaorrivers.Butitcanbeusedagain.Evenif(即使)everylargecityreuseditswater,stilltherewouldnotbeenough.Whatcouldpeopleturntonext?Theseaseemstohavethebestanswer.Thereisalotofwaterinthesea.Whatistheimportantmostforusistogetthesaltoutoftheseawater.Thisisexpensive,butit'salreadyusedinmanypartsoftheworld.Scientistsaretryingtofindacheaperwayofdoingit.Soyousee,ifwecanfindawayout,we'llbeinnodangerofdryingup.()6.Theworldisthirstybecause.3/4oftheearthiscoveredwithwater精品文档可修改欢迎下载wehaveenoughseawatertousedirectly3/4oftheearthiscoveredwithwater精品文档可修改欢迎下载wehaveenoughseawatertousedirectlywehaven'tusedallthewaterinriversandlakesaboutwehaven'tusedallthewaterinriversandlakesabout97%ofwaterontheearthcan'tbedrunkorused()7.Whichofthefollowingistrue?3%ofwaterontheearthisinriversandlakes.C.97%oftheearthiscoveredwithwater.75%ofwaterontheearthisthesea.D.3%ofwaterontheearthisseawater()8.Fromthepassagewelearn.watercanbeusedonlyoncetodayinmostlargecitieswaterisusedonlyonceifeverycityreusesitswater,we'llbeinnodangerofdryingupmancanonlydrinkanduseabout25%ofwaterontheearth()9.Toavoidtheseriouswatershortage,whichofthefollowingisthemostimportant?Makedirtywatercleanandthenreuseit.Saveseawaterandtrynottousethewaterinriversandlakes.Don'tpollutewaterandkeepallriversandlakesclean.Trytofindacheaperwaytogetthesaltoutoftheseawater.()10.ThebesttitleofthepassagewouldbeTheSeaWaterB.HowtoSaveWaterC.TheThirstyWorldD.ThePollutedWater(三)ManypeopleknowShanghai'sbeautifulnightview(景色),especiallythecolorfullightsfromthebuildings.Lighthelpsusseeandmakestheenvironmentmorebeautiful.However,toomuchlightbecomesakindofpollutionbutmanyofuspaylittleattentiontothispollutionorevenignoreit.Infact,itcausesalotofproblems.Lightpollutioncanbealmostasbadascarbondioxidepollution.Toomuchlightcandoharmtoourhealth.First,itcanmakeusfeelbadandwecan'tsleepwell.Second,lightsneedelectricity,andcreatingelectricitywillgiveoffgreenhousegases.Thisaffectstheairandcausesbreathingproblems.Third,studyshowspeoplelivingunderbrightlightforlongcanhavecancermoreeasily.Toomuchlightmaybeevenharmfultowildanimals.Thousandsofbirdsdiefromiteachyear.Somehitintothelightbuildings,becausetheycan'tseeclearlyinthestronglight.Somebirdssometimeslosetheirwaysinthebrightlight.Seaturtles(海龟)can'tfindthedarkbeachestolaytheireggs.Toprotecthumansandwildlife,weshouldtakemeasurestoreducetheuseoflightsatnight.()ll.Shanghai'snightisbeautifulbecauseofthe.tallbuildingsB.colorfullightsC.niceseaD.wildanimals()12.Theunderlinedword“ignore"meansinChinese.A.熟悉B.忽视C.消除D.防治()13.Accordingtothepassage,lightpollutioncanbealmostasbadaspollution.A.airB.waterC.noiseD.soil()14.Whichofthefollowingiswrong?Toomuchlightcandoharmtowildanimals.Birdscan'tseeclearlybecausethelightistoobright.Birdssometimeslosetheirwaybecauseofthebrightlight.Seaturtlescan'tfindthedarkbeachestorest.()15.Themainideaofthepassageis.

themeasurestoreducetheuseoflightsatnightthereasonswhythousandsofbirdsdieeachyearthemeasurestoreducetheuseoflightsatnightthereasonswhythousandsofbirdsdieeachyeartheharmoflightpollutionhowtoprotectourselvesfromthebrightlight（四）EarthDayisheldonApril22andwasfirststartedin1970.Atfirst,EarthDaywasonlycelebratedintheUnitedStates.Bythe1990s,theideaofEarthDayhadspreadaroundtheworld.Hugenumbersofpeoplebegantakingpartinactivitieseveryyear.Someactivitiesarecelebrations,somearemeanttoteachpeopleaboutenvironmentalproblems,andmanyothers,suchastrashpickupsandplantingtrees,areaimed(旨在)directlyatsolvingtheseproblems.Thisyear,becauseofthecoronavirus(新冠病毒),theEarthDayorganizersdecidedtomovetheactivitiesonline.ThewebsiteEarthDhostedanall-dayEarthDayvideoactivity,withspeakerssuchasfamouspoliticians,actors,singersandothers.Theorganizershopethisactivitywillinspireandeducatepeople.Thesiteisalsoprovidingteachingmaterialsthatvisitorscandownloadanduseathomeorinonlineclasses.Organizersoriginally(起初)expectedasmanyas400millionpeoplearoundtheworldtotakepartinpickinguptrash.However,manyoftheseregularEarthDayactivitieshavebeencancelledaslargeoutdoorgroupactivitiesarenotallowed.Luckily,somegroupshavebeenworkingoncleanupactionssinceJanuary,andinsomeareasthecleanupsarealreadycomplete.Onenewwayforpeopletotakeenvironmentalactionfromhomethisyearisdownloadingamobileappfromthewebsitementionedabovetoreportonlocalenvironmentalconditions.Theappisnowabletoreportonairqualityandplasticpollution,butthereareplanstoaddotherreportingtoolsinthefuture.()16.isNOTapurposeofEarthDay.GettingpeopletotakepartinfunactivitiesMakingtheenvironmentcleanerandprettierSolvingsomeproblemswithourenvironmentDrawingpeople'sattentiontoenvironmentalproblems()17.Thisyear'sEarthDayvideoactivity.lastedtwenty-fourhoursC.gaveclassestowebsitesvisitorshadonlyscientistsasspeakersD.includedtrashpickupsandtreeplantin()18.Theunderlineword“regular”meaninPara3meansinChinese.A.独特的B.简朴的C.常规的D.隆重的()19.Whichofthefollowingistrue?Waterpollutioncanbereportedthroughamobileapp.ThemobileappcanbedownloadedfromEarthD.NocleanupactionsforEarthDayhavebeendonethisyear.Usersofthemobileappcanmakemoneybyreportingpollution.()2()20.Whichisthebesttitleofthispassage?EarthDayActivitiesCancelledEarthDayHasBecomePopularANewMobileApptoProtecttheEarthFifty-year-oldEarthDayMovesOnline(五)We'renowusedtowearingmasksinpublicduringthenovelcoronavirusoutbreak.About300millionmasksareusedandthenthrownawayeverydayinChina.Wheredotheseusedmasksgo?Youmightthinkthattheyjustgoinagarbagebin.Butthat'sjustthefirststoponthemasks'journey.Afterthemasksarethrowninbins,garbagetrucksemptythebinsandtakethetrashtolandfills.Next,themaskswillbepouredintogarbageincineratorsandburned.Burningmasksmightnotseemtobeverygoodfortheenvironment.Won'titcausepollution?Theansweris“no",accordingtoPeople'sDaily.That'sbecausemostmasksaremadeofnon-wovenfabricswhosemainmaterialisanenvironmentally-friendlymaterial.Itcanbreakdowneasily.Afterburning,itturnsintowaterandcarbondioxide.Aslongaswedealwiththeemissions(排放)correctly,burningthemaskswon'tcausepollution.Infact,burningthemaskscanbringsomebenefits.Theprocessofburninggarbagecangenerateelectricity.Burningonetonofgarbagecangeneratemorethan400kilowatthoursofelectricity.Somepeoplepredictthattherewillbe162,000tonsofusedmasksinChinathisyear.Burningallofthemcangenerate64millionkilowatthoursofelectricity.Thisisenoughtoallowanelectriccartodrive370millionkm,whichis9,250timesaroundtheEarth'sequator.Inaddition,theslag(残渣)fromburningmaskscanberecycledtomakebricksorfillroadbeds.()21.Theusedmaskswillbe.A.buriedunderground.B.turnedintoclothes.C.burnedinincinerators.D.thrownintotheocean.()22.Burningmaskswon'tcausepollutionbecause.mostmasksaremadeofwaterandcarbondioxidemostmaskmaterialsareenvironmentally-friendlymostmaskmaterialscan'tbreakdowneasilyburningmaskswon'tcauseanyemissions()23.BurningmasksusedinChinathisyearcanmakeaboutkilowatthoursofelectricity.A.400B.162,000C.64millionD.370million()24.Theunderlinedwordgenerateprobablymeans.A.产生B.浪费C.吸收D.减少()25.Thepassageismainlyabout.howmasksareproducedC.howweshouldthrowawayusedmaskscommonwaystodealwithtrashD.whereourusedmasksendup配对阅读(一)左栏是对五个人物家乡环境问题的描述，右栏是七条对不同环境问题采取的措施。请为左栏五种环境问题选择一个合适的措施，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。()26.ThereisariverinJessica'svillage.Recently,alotofbottles,wastepaperandplasticbagshavebeenfoundintheriver.Andwastewaterisdischarged(排放)fromnearbyfactoriesintotheriver.Itissodirtythattherearenomorefishforfishermentocatch.()27.MattlivesinthecountrysideofNorthChina.Peopleinhishometownareusedtoburningcoaltocookmeals.Andinwintertheyusecoaltoproduceheattokeepwarm.Expertssayithasbecomethemaincauseofpollutedair.()28.ThereusedtobemanytreesinCarl'shometown.However,manytreeshavebeencutdowntomakepapernapkinsandwoodenchopsticksinthepasttenyears.AsEveryonehasthedutytomaketheplacewheretheylivecleanandbeautiful.Nowadays,moreandmorebinshavebeenputonthestreetsofthetown.Andpeopleareaskedtothrowdifferentkindsoflitterintodifferentbins,becausesomecanberecycled.Peopleareadvisedtotakepublictransportation,likethebusorthesubway,togotoworkorschoolinsteadofdrivingacar.Ridingabikeorwalkingisalsoagoodwaytogooutside.Inordertoprotecttrees,thegovernmenthastakenactiontostoppeoplefromcuttingdowntreeswithoutpermission(批准).Inaddition,alargenumberoftreesare精品文档可修改欢迎下载精品文档可修改欢迎下载精品文档可修改欢迎下载精品文档可修改欢迎下载aresult,hishometownishitbydustandsandeveryspring.What'sworse,theriverhasdriedup.()29.Katiefindsagreatmanytakeawaylunchboxesandcupsinthebinsinpublicareasofherhometown.Besides,shemadeasurveyandfoundthatasmalltakeawayrestaurantneedsatleast500bagsforitsfoodeveryday.()30.InJane'shometown,manykindsoflitterarethrownbypeoplehereandthere.Thesmellisreallyterrible.Asaresult,theresidents(居民)nearbyoftengetillbecauseofthebadenvironment.plantedeveryyear.Peopleuseclothnapkinsinsteadofpapernapkinsandtrytouselesswoodentableware(餐具).Somevolunteersoftenspendtheirweekendclearingupthelitterintheriver.Thefactorieswhichpourdirtywaterhavebeencloseddownbythegovernment.Andpeoplearenotallowedtothrowlitterintotheriver.Peoplecookathomeinsteadofgettingtakeoutfood,whichoftencomesinplasticcontainers(容器)•Anewrulehasbeenmadebytherestaurantsthatcustomerswhowanttotakeawaythefoodfromrestaurantsmustpreparecontainersthemselvesortheyhavetopayforthedisposableboxes.Peopleareencouragedtoturnoffcomputers,TVs,coffeepots,andmorewhentheyaren'tusingthem.Theyuseenergy-savinglightbulbs.Thevillagersareadvisedtousenaturalgasforheatingandlighting.Ofcourse,villagersarerecommended(推荐)tousenewenergysuchassolarenergy,windandsoontocookorkeepwarm.（二）配对阅读。左栏是五个人对将要扔掉的废品的描述，右栏是七种环保的做法，请根据每个人的情况，为他们选择合适的做法，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。()31.John'smobilephonedidn'tworkthismorningbecauseitwasshortofelectricity.Aftercheckingit,hefoundsomethingwrongwiththebattery.Hehadtobuyanewoneandthrowtheoldoneaway.()32.Timwillgraduatefromuniversity.Hehassomeusefulbookswhichhelpedhimtopasstheexams.Butnowtheyarenotvaluabletohim.Hewantstogivethemawaytoothers.()33.Bettywasborninarichfamily.Shecanbuyanyclothesshelikesfromshops.Butsheneverwearsthemmorethanthreetimes.Shethinksitisakindofwaste.Soshewantstogivethemawaytothepeoplewhoneedthem.()34.Jackyisfondofdrinkingabottleofbeereachmeal.Nowhehascollectedmanybeerbottles.Hehopestomakemoremoneybysellingthem.()35.Lucy'ssofawasbrokenlastweek.Todaysheboughtanewsetofsofa.Shehasnoroomfortheoldsofaandshewouldliketofindaplacetoputit.Don'tthrowyouroldbottleshereandthere.Youshouldputthemintothedustbinsaroundyou.Remembernottobreakthebottles,ortheymayhurtyouorthecleanerswhocollectthem.Thisistheschoollibrary.Youareallowedtodosomereadinghere.Ifyouhavesomebookswhichyoudon'tneed,youcangivethemawaytous.We'llbethankfulforyourkindness.Ifyouhaveoldfurnitureyoudon'tneed,youcangiveitawaytothecharity.Maybesomeoneelseneedsit.Don'tthrowitintotherubbishstation.Inourwastecollectingshop,youcansellallthethingsyoudon'tneed,suchasoldnewspapers,paperbagsandbottles.Wewillofferyousomemoneyforyouroldthings.Thebatteriescandogreatharmtotheearthwhereyouthrowthem.Theywillpollutetheearthforalongtime.So,don'tthrowyouroldbatterieseverywhere.Justputthemintoacertaindustbinsothatcleanerscandealwiththemeasily.

Thisdustbinissethereforthevisitorstothrowtheirrubbish,especiallysomethingthatcanberecycled.Batteriesandsomethinglikethemarenotallowedtothrowhere.Weareapublicserviceorganization.Nowitiscoldwinter.Wedon'thaveenoughclothestokeepwarm.Ifyouhaveanyclothesyoudon'tneed,pleasesendthemtous.Wewillbeverythankfulforyourhelp.（三）配对阅读：左栏是五个人将要扔掉的废品的描述，右栏是七个废品处理的措施，根据每个人的情况，为他们选出合适的措施。()36.Timgraduatedfromuniversity.Hehadsomeusefulbookswhichhelpedhimpasstheexams.Butnowtheyarenotvaluabletohim.Hewantedtogivethemawaytoothers.()37.Jackyisfondofdrinkingabottleofbeereachmeal.Nowhehascollectedmanyofthebeerbottles.Hehopedtomakesomemoneybysellingthemout.()38.Marywasborninarichfamily.Shecouldbuyanyclothesshelikedfromtheshops.Butsheneverworethemmorethanthreetimes.Shethoughtitwasawaste.Soshewantedtogivethemawaytothosewhoneededthem.()39.Lucy'ssofawasbrokenlastweek.TodaySheboughtanewsetofsofa.Shehadnoroomfortheoldsofaandsh