美国幼小衔接讲座课件

MovingOn:TheTransitionfromEarlyChildhoodtoElementary

幼小衔接BenefitsofattendingAMontessoriSchoolDevelopmentofinternalmotivation.内在动机的发展Childrenlearntoworktogethercooperatively.学会合作Respectforoneself,forothers,andfortheenvironmentislearned.尊重自己，尊重他人，尊重环境Practicallifeactivitiesallowthechildrentodevelopindependence.日常生活让孩子们学会自立BenefitsofattendingAMontessoriSchoolAstrongacademicfoundationisbuilt,allowingthechildrentoexperiencegreatersuccesslateron.为孩子为日后的发展打下强大的学术基础。Childrenlearntobeflexibletoadapttoavarietyofsituations.学生们能随机应变Theabilitytoconcentratedeeplyforextendedperiodsoftimeisdeveloped.孩子能长时间集中注意力BenefitsofattendingAMontessoriSchoolMontessorichildrendevelopproblemsolvingandcriticalthinkingskillsthathelpthematallschoollevels.蒙特梭利的孩子们拥有解决问题的能力以及批判性思维Montessorichildrenlovetobechallenged.Asaresult,evenwhentheydonotattendaMontessorischoolanylonger,theyenjoytakingonchallengingwork.蒙氏孩子喜欢接受挑战，即使在走出蒙特梭利学校以后也是一样Montessorichildrenviewfailureaspartofthelearningprocessandarenotafraidofit.蒙氏孩子不怕失败，失败是成功之母Non-MontessoriElementaryschoolAtypicaldayisdividedintoblocksoftimeforeachsubject(forexample,1hourformathorforscience),withallstudentsintheclassparticipatinginthesamesubjectatthesametime.每天要上不同的课程，固定时间，（一小时的数学或者科学课）所有人的学习进度一样Studentsremainwithateacherforonlyoneyear.每年学生会换老师Non-MontessoriElementaryschoolAlthoughthestudentsmayvaryslightlyinage,thereisusuallyonlyonegradelevelineachclassroom.按照年龄分班Notallactivitiesarehands-oninnature.孩子们往往不能亲身实践ChildrenusuallydonotexperiencethefreedomofmovementthatexistinaMontessorischool.不能自由活动Theschedulecanbeinterruptedbyoutsideactivities.课程随时可能变化TransitioningfromMontessoritoregularelementaryschoolBeingexpectedtoworkonthesameactivitiesatthesametimeaseveryoneelsecanbefrustratingtochildrenwhoareacademicallyadvanced,orthosewhostruggleacademically.大家步调一样会让孩子们比较沮丧，因为他们可以做得更多更好但是要被那些进度落后的孩子拖后腿BecauseofthesolidfoundationprovidedbyaMontessoriearlychildhoodprogram,childrenwhoattendtraditionalelementaryschoolsafterareoftenabletobeverysuccessfulacademically.因为蒙氏学校打下的基础，进入传统学校的孩子往往学得更好TransitioningfromMontessoritoregularelementaryschoolAlthoughchildrenmayexperiencefrustrationatfirst,researchindicatesthatchildrenwhoattendedMontessorischoolsearlyonexperienceagreaterlevelofsuccesswhentheytransitiontoamoretraditionalelementarysetting.最初学生会感受到失望。但是研究表明，那些去了最早去了蒙特梭利学校的孩子过度到传统学校以后会更加成功Thecriticalthinkingskills,problemsolvingskills,independence,andmotivationthatthechildrendevelopedwhileinMontessorischoolshelpthemgreatlywhentheytransitiontoadifferentacademicsetting.批判性思维、处理问题的方法、自立能力和积极性，这些孩子们在蒙氏学校里学到的东西很大程度上帮助他们过度到一个不同的学习环境里TransitioningfromMontessoritoregularelementaryschoolChildrenwhopreviouslyattendedMontessorischoolsareoftenabletoadaptmoreeasilyandaremoreeasilyabletohandlechallengesthanotherchildren.在蒙氏学校学习过的学生相比其他学生，通常可以更快的适应以及更好的处理它们遇到的挑战Montessoriprovidesastrongfoundationforchildrenthatensuresacademicsuccessnomatterwhattypeofschooltheyattendlater.蒙氏教育给予学生一个强大的基础来帮助他们在任何将来的学校中获得学术性的成功MontessoriElementaryAmoreacademicfocus.学术上的专注Classroomisdividedintosectionsforlanguage,mathematics,cultureandhistory,science,music,andart.教室被分成了语言、数学、文化、历史、科学、音乐、艺术部分Unlikeintraditionalschools,specialsubjects,suchasartandmusicareseamlesslyintegratedintothecurriculum.不同于传统学校，艺术、英语这些特殊科目被融入到了课程当中MontessoriElementaryAswithearlychildhood,childrenaretogetherwiththesameteacherforthreeyears.Thishelpspromotetrust,buildsasenseofcommunity,andallowstheteachertohaveextensiveknowledgeofeachstudent.在婴幼儿时期，儿童跟随同样的老师学习了3年，这帮助他们建立了信任，社会观念。并且让老师深刻了解了每个学生Montessorimaterialsusedinearlychildhoodclassroomsarestillpresent,buttakeonamuchmoreacademicfunction,whichhelpspromotedeepunderstandingofconceptslearned.用于早教的蒙氏材料依然被采用，但是用于更学术的用途来帮助加深对学习到的概念的理解MontessoriforallagesIntheUnitedStates,Montessorischoolsarenotjustforchildrenfromthreetosixyearsofage.ThereareMontessorielementaryschools,andevenMontessorimiddleschools(12-15yearsold)andMontessoriHighSchools(15-18yearsold),whichutilizetheMontessoriphilosophy,method,andtheoryinworkingwitholderchildren.在美国，蒙特梭利学校不仅仅开放给3-6岁的儿童。除了蒙氏小学，还有蒙氏中学（12-15岁）和蒙氏高中（15-18岁）。这些将蒙氏的哲学、方法、理论运用到了大一点的儿童身上HowParentsCanHelp

家长怎么帮助Allowforthechildtoexploretheirnaturalcuriosity.让孩子追随自己的好奇心进行探索Havethechildparticipateinactivitiesthatpromoteindependence,suchascleaning,washingclothes,cooking,helpingwithshopping,etc.让孩子进行独立的活动：洗衣服，烧饭，帮助购物，等等Avoidusingexternal“rewards”asmotivationforcompletingexpectedtasks.减少用外部奖励作为让他们完成目标的动力HowParentsCanHelp

家长怎么帮助Avoidcompetitiveness.Instead,stresscooperation.减少竞争意识，强调合作意识Establishconditionsinthehomethatpromoterespectforthechildasacapableindividual,insteadofthinkingofthemashelpless.在家里建立尊重，让孩子觉得他们是有能力的一个人，而不是让他们觉得自己帮不上忙HowParentsCanHelpOrganizethehomeinsuchawaythatchildrencaneasilyaccesseverythingthattheyneed.Thismayincludelowclotheshooks,child-sizedfurniture,etc.在家布置蒙氏环境，例如让孩子们自己挂衣服，适合孩子身高的家具Stopdoingeverythingforthechildren!Childrencancarrytheirownbackpacks,maketheirownbeds,cleartheirdishesaftermeals,